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    © All Rights Reserved
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    41 views14 pages

    Astm A788 (M) - 13

    Uploaded by

    Kapil Harchekar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    Designation: A7BS/A7EBM 13 “Not Fon Geo NOT FOR CircuLaTion [ IAA BE Bonnower FERENCE Cop £0" F& E Lipnany Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements' ‘u's al ne ed eatin ABA een ring tenn yt ‘forse eee tenn ey och pe ea Be sf a ‘Nepstar ape Th et sm pdr by ee of he US Dp Ue 1 Samet hates ae canta a mdi Lh pion cove go fn ei Seen smttshneicestenieatslinte nin peat Aun REN pee nee ‘Poets shoe logge myo ee, Tao a ‘Tiwi pct andy Ast tw sins — Se wan Ov Semmens Melon eno SL SETS emer . ene ire oan gree 7 mesa niece oe sont Ro “ ramon acento — Aus — erg ea Pa cee oon maine —— RE ey ee nen “ABDSINSOON ‘Forge Merny ene ae sears foetal tm a Saericetea eae movant ey at sacs SE amr veut re = Toowsategee ene ‘Swe tor Prossre Vee: Corea: an rou Content onan ‘el re Asai usu urns St Peat ssnsioe Senora ae pomcm in etog renee — Speman Tapa nets tC Eooees ETE ano | RRR ‘Cums sai peed; 23, aed Jany 2014 ngaly Sonora eee ea Ya cae teat eettnan aotmpinon Seem re ca pan meer span, tela pte ecto al pooner oe ot cotta na eS CONTROLLED copy ‘sh Somnary Chong ste pp at end fi dard “BONO GORY Gly A7eeua7eem - 13 1.3 The purchaser may spcfy addons requirements oe 423) tat do no nepate any of the provisions of either this specication o” of te indvdoal profuetspeciiaions, The Acceptance of ry ich sdional requirement ball be Sependent on negations with the super and must be Ins in he ore. | I, by apmement. frgines ae to be saplied in 2 ‘parlly completed condition, tat i all ofthe provisions of the probe peifeaton have pot brs fled, hen the mates Imaking (it Secon 1) end cercaton (Gee Section 10) ‘hall retec dhe suet to which the product specication requromons have bees met. 1.5 As aod i the Cerifcation Sesion (15), the oumbee sad year dnt oh psifcaton, a wll a that fhe product. ‘Srectcaion, ae teued fo. be Haeaded in te. prodict Srbeation 1.6 When she ST version of » product speciation is egies by the porcine one, Spertestion ATRRATEEM ‘hl weed in cnjnton wa Text Methods AIQS8 insead (of Tes Methods sn Delaions A370. 1.7 The values stated in either SI nits or inc pond anit seo be regarded epee standard Te vals sated in ‘ich sytem may no be exact equlvalenss deere, each ‘tem sil be ted independently of the ote. Combining ‘ales fom the {vo systems may fest in no-coforance ‘wth the standard 1.8 This standerd dos not purport adress al of the sofery concerns, f any assoctated with suse Is the respons of te wc of this standard to esblshaporo- priate raft and seals proctces and determine the apa bilo relator linsaons prio 0 use. 2, Referenced Dacuments 21 ASTM Santas? ‘ALSGIAZG6N Speciation for Caro Stel Forgings for Presse Vessel Components ADTSIAZTSN Dracsice for Magooti Parte Examination of ‘Stel Forgings AB Speicaon fee Carton and Ally Sto Forgings fr MagnaticResining Ring for Turbine Generators ASSO/AZEOME Speciation for Alloy Seel Ferpngs for Nonmagnedie Remning Rings for Generators ADHVAZHIM Speifetion for Cater and Alley Stel Fonpngs for Rings for Reduction Gea [APSTIADSIM Spetcaton for Sel Fomigs, Carbon and Ail or Pistons, Gears and Shas fr Reduction Gears ASSOASAM Spectiction for Alloy See! Terpings for Pressure and High-Tenpeatre Pas AS70 Test Metin a Denon for Mechs Testing of Sie Pract ASTYASTIN Specification for Carbon sad Alloy Steel Boring for Thi Walled Presue Vee ony AST mend Mey 5149631 EDT 9 ‘Ser APRIASSSM Pratce for Ultasonic Examination of Ste Feging MUTIAKRIM Specification fe Wrought Ally Stet Rott foe Cald and Hot Rection AGIAN Specica for Vacuum Tecate Steel Fore Taps for Generator Rates AATLUAA7OM Spectieon for Vacuum Tented Carbon and ‘Alloy Steal Fxgings for Turbine Rotors and Sha, AATIPAGT IM Spectcaton fr Vacoum Teale Alloy Ste Feepings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels ‘ASOUASOSM Speifcauon for Wrought Carboo Stel ‘Wheels -ASOHASDEM SpeciDesion for Queacbed and. Tempered ‘Vacmm-Trestad Carbon ad Alloy Stel Forgings fr Prose Vssls ASRUASZIMSpecPcaion for Stel, Closel-Impesion ‘De Forging for Genera Indu Use ASAHIASETMSpecifcaion for Quenched and Tempered {Carbon an Alloy Stes! Forgings for Presa Vessel Gompocers ASSUASSIM Speciation or Carbon Stl Tie for Ra ss and Rapid Trent Applications ASTOIASTOM Specitcaion for Sapersrengih Ally Sie Focrngs ASHD/ASSOM Specification for High-Strength Quencbod snd Tempsed Low-loy Steel Frged Pas for Presse Nessln AG'G/AGH6 Speciation fr Premium Quality Ally Stel "Blom an lls for Aref and Acre Frgings AGISIAGI=M Specitieston for Forged Sts! Rolls Used er Cotragating Paper Michinery AGGATAWDEM Speciation for Steel Forgings, Caron und Ally for Genea Inui Use ADIVASIIN Speciicaon for Stee! Forging Stock “ApaUAL2SM Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for ish Seog Pressre Component Application ATA Specteaton for Alloy Sts] Axles, Heat “Tene, for Mass Teast an Elevtic Rulvay Serve ASI Test Metis, Prati, and Terminology fe Chi ‘al Analy of Sicel reduce ATESIA62M Specifcaon for Carbon Stel and Low-Alloy ‘Stel Presare Verse! Compoaca! Fossings wh Man ton Toughnes Reqrements ATOQATEIN Speciation for Vacuum Tread 12 Ceo tis Aly Sel Forgings for Turbine Retr Shas ASI Pris for Indentation Hard of Metalic Mate is by Compuion Hardness Testers ARST/ALS7M Speciation for Stet orgngs, Alloy foe ‘Currie Aplications ARSBVALIM Speticson for Age Hardening Alloy Stel Forgings for Pesure Vessel Csmponents AMOL/AEDIM Spetiston for Precipitation Hardening ran ase Soprally Forgings for Tine Rotor Disks nd Wels ASRBTASOM Speciation fr Stel Forgings, Mirolloy, fer Genel Instr Use ASSIAVIM Practice for Uasonc Examination from Bored Surfaces of Cylindrical Forgings ‘hme epee oe) ets em Agen fing aed @y nreunre0u 13 AS4O/A940M Specification for Vacuum Treated. Stes! Forags, Alloy, Diflercaally Heat Treated, for Totine our A881 “eminology Relating Stl Staines Stal, Related Alloy, and Ferolioys ASKSIDGSM Speciation for Stst Forgings, Aus, for Pesore and igh Tempertre Pars ASSA/ASGAM Paice for Magn: Paice Examination of ‘Ste Forgings Using Aerating Coen /ASIZ/A9EIM Speciation for Se! Forgings, Stinks, for Compress a Taine Airis ASHSTAOR3M Spectiition for Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Stel Cranks for Mem Speci Diss! Engines ASSGIAOREM Speco far Magnetic Parle Examine ‘on of Coninvous Gran Flow Cras Forgings ASBIIAOVIM Test Method for Condactng.Temperstre ‘Uniformity Surveys of Farices Used o Hest Treat Stel Produce AIO2UAICZIM Specifatin for Marenstc Stiles Sze Forpngs and Fogg Soo for High-Temperature Service ALOMUNTOAEM Spesfnton for Presi Ves! Forging, ‘Alloy Stel, phar Strngih Chromium Molina ‘Tungten for BlevnedTompertare Service ALOIB/AIOISM Specification fee Stiles Stel Forgings, Reni/Aastenitc. (Duple), for Pressure Vesels and Relaed Componens ‘AlOS# Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel Prodact—Metre E23 Tet Methods for Notched ar Impact Teng of Me- allie Materials [112 Test Methnds for Determining Average Gein Sine SIELGSM Prater Laid Peoetnt Esaintion for (Genel Indy 80 Pct fr Use ofthe Antenatal Syst of Unig (SI) he Modenized Mette Systm) (Withdrawn 1397)* 11309 Tet Method for Linea Else Plane Stain tre ‘Tovginess Ky, of Metalic Matias [W028 Practice for Farcation tnd Cont of Metal, Okie ‘hn Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Tess 1290 Test Method fr CesckTip Opening Displacoment (CTOD) Fracture Tooginess Measuezmest (Withdrawn 2013" E1820 Tet Method for Mesuremen of Fractre Tough [BI916 Geie for Ldenticaton of Mixed Lot of Metals 2.2 Other Stdande: ANSUASME BAG Surice Texte (Surface Roughness, ‘Wavines and Lay? ASM Rae an Pre Vessel Cr “ie pone en hi eri dd ds sa pour ean NY ite apes olin fe ere Sosy oc AS. ASME cma Hele ete Yo RY OS a ‘ety AT a mee: Monn 108512004 9 Smut 3. Terminology 32.1 Terminology AM ie applicable to this speciation, Adttoal terms and wording mor splice to forgings 32 Forging Defions: 321 tel forging, the product of a substnialy com resive plastic working operation that consis the mat fl and proces the sr shape. The plate working ay be performed by a hammer, press, forging machine, o Hck rolling machine, and must deform the ati prac 2 ‘Ssentaly wrought seuss. ‘32141 Ditcasion—Hotrlig operations may be wed 9 produce blooms e iets fr refocging 33 Forging Geomenes: 53.1 tarsorgng forging tac as no bore up ving tia egth gre han tr rain crest seta der 33.11 Discusion Moe than oe eros sectional bape ce sae may be included, Somesines fered 8 od eging 332 dik fring, mfering, sometimes steed to 8 ‘pancake forging tts) aan length appeal Tes than is diameter, ( mary be dsbed on one or bth face, (ch final forging inclodes wpeting operations to redoce te hgh ofthe stck and increas i ameter 33.21 DiseusionSince much of the ot working is done In anally compressing the stock, the cena are ay act ‘eceive scien coalition, To cote t fos, con ran i usally given tothe ini saddening (ie 33.6) of {he ingot orbit. 3.3 hollow forting. m—frging (ako known ab a shel forging o a mandel forging in which (a) he ail tng gu too reter dan he dametr and (2) the forging ng nd wal hiekaess are produced by hot wording ove ane (uszlly water cooled) soch tha the tore ameter fetal: sen the same as tof the mane ‘3.3. DiscusionUnles «bolo ingot has bec ose sestaing aug is ho tepared or punched ater opting a the bore dire adused to su the forging tundel The ‘outside amcer may be contoured f ogi The workpiece ‘is foged between We upper ie and lower dies wile the ‘mandrel is soppy canes er maniacs to Fite roaton, 3.34 rng forging, nips of low forging in which (a! ‘he ail length ses than the dame, () te wal hikes: is reduced. and (c} te ouside diameter ie increased by bor ‘working beeen the top de and x made sepporta oe temporary sais ng bercen the top de and the ving. dameter to be ipreied wile reducing the wall thickness, ithoot increasing Te 3x) lena 435 singling, involves the eo seized eqip- iment whereby a hot punched, epaaied, or bored disk (0) hot worked between & powered terol and an ing net ‘ole, soch tht the wall iknes ie radoed andthe othe ‘Gamer i inrease, an) the xl lng of he ing i ot ‘ieee pom ie pet eer ern Qi nrownreom 13 ‘tended to Sncreate and may be conised by a sally 336 saddening, m—torm wsed ia the open die fering ink to dence te intl ot working ofan Inge for ‘Srfce compaction and fe working sufae pio to fll ‘working of he ingot cos set. 13361 Discustion~The te also exeoded to inal bt ‘woking intended 9 give ctsoldaton of ingot cea ares Porto upeeting when makg products soch as tube and ebro ots and ube see. 3.3. sla forging, forging, sometimes refered 0 a8 & foigd pl that ly wane ce rosangla in shape, With fs thiknee pprecaby amar thn the oe enon. Tae fo working may ined spcting 3.4 billets and blooms, n—inerchangable ems eres ing bo-worked sensed proc intended 2 Saring Stok forming logins "34.1 Discusion “No ste linitaons are sumed fore ther ten. Cast shapes profiad by a continuous easing ‘proces, wthou subsoqucnt work, a consiered Tobe go {or the purposes of this speticaon, and supplied as bes or bloome must ary the desepioe Cas Billet or Cast Bloor, 35 Definitions of Terme Specie to This Standard: 33.1 botom pouring Sea fom a singe heat fom = ‘mule bear upped in a ormoo ladle (e 8.1.1 and 8.1.2), Inedused ino ingot mol) sch tha hy ac led rom Sita up. One or mare mols crn be st up om an iid Ble and mae tan one plate sy be poured in sequence fom 352 igor, nthe prot obiuned when maten sel, pon being canto 8 ok sequen capable of Bing ‘srovph in conformance wi 3.1. Open-ended molds, which Ire veal coed and und, for example inthe sontimoas ‘sting ots, are considered 0 be inched in this eiiton 1153 intra heat teament, nase of & mlstage test resent procedure in which the material i frst ante ized a « wmperae shore the woe ciel temperate (c3)fllomed by cooling low the lower cial temperstre (Ae), Th material stem chested o 4 temperature i he Intec! ng Between the Act andthe AeS abd again ‘cooled iow the Ay llowed by suberticalemperag ite re speci Inthe er poifcation 3531 Dicusion—This rocedar is generally applicable to low hudenbly carton sod ow allay secs thet would ‘ally have a microns of ere and pear ithe eat ‘ated secon sae of the companet beng hat eae. "354 precipitation deoidton, n—stesaking proces ‘wich primary deoniation fs ucleved by the sdion of ‘trong Seosiling agen, sch as aluminum, early in the proces, and boldng the slate mole sae frsofcent tne fo the produce of deo fo spare rom he elt tote sag 3.55 sequential or comtnons strand cating, nse! from several teats poured censecatvly into cooked open ended ‘noi to form a connaoes et pod with change fom Bett heat lag is leng oe 5) ey Ar a My 30 B04 4.56 strand costing. mst rm one heat poured ito a cooled operenced mold 1 fon 2 coatnous Stan’ oF ‘unis 135.7 yeaum carbon deosdason (VCD), n—sicelmking ote which primary deoidionsccure during vacua ‘Neaent ay esa of the crbon-ryge ecto, Ie oe ‘mary deowdation to oscurdariag vacuum weaunent, des! (king gents sch alin or silion remot to be ed tothe mel inary signer amaunt pier to the vacaim ‘resent operation 4. Ordering information 4.1 Irshl be the espnstiiy of the prchaser to specify ail requiremests that are nocessy fr frgags under the fopliable product speiseaton. Such requirements to be ‘onisered nelude, bat ae not retited othe folng ‘414 Quai. 412 Dimensions, inclading tances and mirc rises 4413 Specfeaton namber wit ype, clase, nd grade as applicable Gnclning year i), nd sould ncude: 414 Number of copies of be materi test report 14.13 Chose of esting track fom the options ltd in Test Metis AIUS8 when forgings we ordre to ast oduct tard Ifthe cole of tack not made in he ‘ring information then de dtu ASTM tak shal be Wed {toed in Text Metods AT036 42 Aaton information ncding the flowing may be tad by agreement with he sper “421 Type of best treatment Wen aXemative method ae allowed by the product spectiatin, 422 Supplementary requirements, if any and 423 Additonal quzement (ee | 4, 61 5.and 161.6) 424 Repair weling NOT pexnitd. 43 For dual format specications, unless otherwise pci, the inch-pound uni shal be ted 5. Melting Process 1 Une therwite specie in the prac specication, be ste sal Be produced by a ofthe folowing primary fwoceses!clecicumace, base ong, vactumnduton (VIM, oc openseath. Te priary melting may incerprate Sparse degusing reining and maybe flowed by second fy meking using cleeto sag reaeting (ESR) or vacuum wc reining (VAM. ‘SLI The te hall be uly il. 52 The molten steel may be vacuumtreted prior 1 of uring pouring ofthe nga. ‘S21 Whca vacuum veatnent of te men sel i re quid by the product specticatthe follwing condiont Shall apy ‘52.11 When the vaceum scan degaing procs i sd the vacua rater mat be of seem capcity to ect ¢ Plank off eware wench anally Tse han 1000 ja) 2 tweak up tbe normal ight, rope scam of mote meal inc a Wideangle coil sea, 3 raivey stall ple Ske hepa Le Agee No iar rain toi py srasareem 13 The capacity ofthe system mast also be suliceny high to reduce eine urge pressure a the sta oF he pou tow teve within 2 in $521.2 When te vacuum it process lie, te ml roca shall be repeatedly dea ft the vacated eae {ive a reiultion Tater (See Aen A) of atleast 25 to ‘noire through depasing and mixing ofthe entire het. The ‘rection system sll be capable of reducing fe pee Surge which oocur each tine s sew portion of est it ‘mined to the vessel to increasingly lower level ei Danko pressure (usually less than 1000 um) achieved eying he end ofthe degssing eaent 521.3 When the ladle degassing process is used, the vacation system shill be capable of redoing he system ‘ace prestref'2fw Teel (sally Tes than 1000) ‘The moles moa shal be sdagely sted foes saint length of tine 1o maximize exposure Io the evacsted am sere 52-14 Otber methods of vacuum tetmeat may teased if the sop ean demonstrate adequate Spang and accep thle propa inthe ish orig fo he sation of the ureter 6, Forging 6.1 orgags sal e made in secordance with 321 52 Boomée of diercsces in manufacture, hotsoled, oF hotrod ad cold rished bars Gemifaished or Sinise, ‘ils, or bloms are nt considered to be orgs 63 Cold worked forgings stall be made om materi previously bot worked by forging or rolling: however 8 hoecold week Toging my be produced in coe comms ‘operation wherein he materials st hot worked and hen cd Worked by coal ofthe ishing temperate, 7 Cooling Prior to Heat Trestmest 71 After forging and before Teesting for est teste, ‘he forgings shal bellowed fo colin such & mance 9 prevent nury and, inthe ete offer forgings o pomit $Sstndaly complete transformation of sstenite & Chemical Compostion 81 Heat Anapic SLI Aa anus of cach hat of steel hl be made y the stel produce to deemnine the percentages of thane elements ‘Specie inthe produce speciation. This analy shall be ade rom est sample preferably taken dig he purng of the hea and shall eonform the requirements of the product ‘pecteation “81-2 When multiple heats we tapped into a common lade, the ladle chemistry shall apply. The chemial composition thas ‘ermine sal confona To Un requirements fe prot ‘specicaion. 1613 For maliple-het ingos, clio ndvival ea nay ser ora weighed average (fe Annes 2) may e ake. The Teo f the method ured shal conform othe requirement of the prot specication 1a With te exception of he prs fom mati hets sequently cs in sound eating maces (so 8.13) ithe ‘tre 5 test sample ken for a heat analysis i lost or doted inadegat fr chemical deterunaions, the eel poder may tule aeruive sample from appropiate lostions nea he Surface of We ingot oe forging fe nese to eth the taal of te eatin question 8.15 For ile het sequel cat in srand casting rmichnet te eat anys tell be determined for each Individai hain aecaance wih 8.1 or apc 1S formule has sequently rand cast tee sanpi i lot or ecard nadeque for chem anys

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