

Pi  U i2  Gii  U i  U j  Gij  cos i   j   Bij  sin  i   j  

N

j 1
j i


Qi  U i2  Bii  U i  U j  Gij  sin  i   j   Bij  cos i   j  
N

j 1
j i

   
1  Pi  jQi N k   1  Pi  jQik  N k  
  Y ij U j
 k 1
    Y ij  U j k 1

   
Ui U 'i
Y ii  U k  * j 1
 Y ii  U k  * j 1

 i j i   i j i 
   
 k  N * k 
   1  Pi  jQi i 1 N
k 1 k 1 k  
k 
 ImU i  Y ij U j   Y ij  U j   Y ij  U j ;
*
  
 
Qi Ui
 j 1  Y ii  U k  * j 1 j i 1

   i 

1  P  jQ k  i 1 k 1
N
k 

k 1
  i i
  Y ij U j  Y 
 
U 'i U
Y ii 
 U i k *
ij j

j 1 j i 1


Pi  Pi spec  Pi  Pi spec  U i2  Gii  U i   U j  Gij  cos i   j   Bij  sin  i   j  
N

j 1
j i

Qi  Qispec  Qi  Qispec  U i2  Bii  U i   U j  Gij  sin  i   j   Bij  cos i   j   

N

j 1
j i
-1
  ΔP ΔP  
θ 
 k 1
θ 
 
k 
 θ 
 
k 
θ
 
k  

   θ
k 
U     ΔP x   
U 
  U  U  U   ΔQ
  θ
ΔQ   ΔQ x k  
  
 U  x k  

ΔP k   ΔP θ k  , U k    d 2

s
  Pm  Pe 
dt 2
T  SnG
ΔP k 
 k 1 k 
 B'
1
θ θ E U
U'k  Pe  G m  sin 
Xe
ΔQk   ΔP θ k 1 , U k   EG2 EG U m
Qe    cos 
ΔQ k  Xe Xe
U k 1  U k   B' '
1

U' 'k  Pm  gr   0   Pe3max cos  gr  Pe 2max cos  0

cos  ikr 
θ  B' P
1 Pe3max  Pe 2max

tikr 
 ikr   0   2  T  SnG
 s Pm