Standard Deviation

- How much the score varies

- Measures the spread of the dataset

High Standard Deviation means values are generally far from mean
Low Standard Deviation means values are clustered closer to the mean

STANDARD DEVIATION FOR UNGROUPED DATA

Sample Standard Deviation
- Used to make estimates and inferences about the Population Standard Deviation

Computational Formula:
Population Standard Deviation
- Collected data from every member of the population

Computational Formula:

EXAMPLE 1. Compute the Sample Standard Deviation, SD, of the given scores.

Step 1: Compute the sum of all scores, ∑𝑥.

Step 2: Find the mean, 𝑥̅.

Step 3: Find the difference between each score and mean, (𝑥 − 𝑥̅).

Step 4: Square the differences, (𝑥 − 𝑥̅) ².

Step 5: Compute the sum of the squared difference between each score and mean, ∑ (𝑥 − 𝑥̅) ².

Step 6: Substitute the values.

Computational Formula:
Step 1: Compute the sum of all scores, ∑𝑥.

Step 2: Square the scores, 𝑥².

Step 3: Compute the sum of all squared scores, ∑𝑥².

Step 4: Substitute the values.

EXAMPLE 2. Compute the Population Standard Deviation, SD, of the given scores.

Step 1: Compute the sum of all scores, ∑𝑥.

Step 2: Find the mean, 𝑥̅.
Step 3: Find the difference between each score and mean, (𝑥 − 𝑥̅).
Step 4: Square the differences, (𝑥 − 𝑥̅) ².
Step 5: Compute the sum of the squared difference between each score and mean, ∑ (𝑥 − 𝑥̅) ².
Step 6: Substitute the values.

Computational Formula:
Step 1: Compute the sum of all scores, ∑𝑥.
Step 2: Square the scores, 𝑥².
Step 3: Compute the sum of all squared scores, ∑𝑥².
Step 4: Substitute the values.