Text A Read the text and answer the question: What care does Yorkie’s coat need?

Yorkshire Terrier or Yorkie

Lovingly referred to by dog fanciers as the Yorkie, the

Yorkshire Terrier is a miniature dog breed developed in
England in the mid-19th century. Though small in stature,
the Yorkie's large personality brings a love for adventure,
activity, and affection to every human family that is lucky
to have one in their lives.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The Yorkshire Terrier has a a compact body, and a sharp,
smart expression. The hallmark of the Yorkie dog is its
coat color: a clear shade of tan with a dark steel blue hue.
This coat, which is fine, silky, long, glossy, and straight,
may be cut in various styles, but is generally trimmed to
floor length for dog competitions, giving it a neater and more elegant appearance.
PERSONALITY AND TEMPERAMENT
Although the Yorkie dog may be small in size, it is bold, curious, and always ready for an
adventure. Yorkies are known to be stubborn and can be assertive towards small animals or
unfamiliar dogs. And while the Yorkie has a tendency to bark excessively, making it an
excellent watch dog, it can be trained to remain quiet as well.
CARE
The Yorkie loves to exercise, often playing indoors without much encouragement. It should
regularly be taken outside for short leash-led walks. The dog's long coat requires brushing or
combing every other day to avoid tangles or rubbish getting caught up in the coat. The
Yorkshire Terrier is primarily an indoor dog - it is not a breed that should be allowed to live
outdoors.
HEALTH
The Yorkie breed, with a lifespan of approximately 14 to 16 years, is prone to minor health
problems, such as patellar luxation (Zwichnięcie rzepki ). Occasionally, tracheal collapse,
portacaval shunt, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) (degeneration of the retina,), Legg-Perthes
disease are seen in this breed. To identify some of these issues, a veterinarian may run eye
and knee tests, along with a liver ultrasound.
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND
Originating in England’s Yorkshire area, the Yorkshire Terrier does not resemble a ratter or a
working dog, but it is a combination of both. It was believed that the Yorkie was not produced
accidentally, but came to be through intentional crossbreeding of a wide range of terriers,
including the Clydesdale Waterside, Paisley, Skye, Dandie Dinmont, and rough-coated Black
and Tan English Terriers. Among its most important progenitors, the Waterside Terrier was a
small blue-gray dog with long hair, weighing between 6 and 20 pounds. It was brought to
Yorkshire by weavers who migrated from Scotland to England in the mid-19th century.
Initially, wealthy dog fanciers despised the Yorkshire Terrier because of its humble roots.
However, it wasn't long before the Yorkie graced the stage at dog shows and became the lap
dog of choice for the British elite, mostly due to its beauty, elegance, and size.
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The Yorkie breed was introduced to the United States in 1872, but there was confusion early
on about the dog's standard size. The weight of early Yorkies ballooned to as much as 12 or
14 pounds. By 1900, Yorkie fanciers in England and America set a preferable standard size
-- an average of three to seven pounds in weight. The combination of its size and its terrier
traits, make this beautiful lap dog a wonderful pet addition for any family today.

Active Vocabulary
Write out words from the text corresponding to their synonyms and definitions in the
table.
1 expert, enthusiast of something, especially F
someone who has a special interest in a
particular animal or breeds a particular
animal
2 adjective, determined to do what he S
wants and is very unwilling to change his
mind.
3 showing a confident and forceful A
personality, aggressive
4 the sharp explosive cry of a dog W
5 a confused mass of something twisted T
together
6 the length of time for which a person or L
animal lives
7 producing of an animal by mating two C
different breeds
8 ancestor , forefather P

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Text B
Read the text and answer the question: What kind of care does a Golden Retriever's coat
need?

Golden Retriever

The Golden Retriever, part of the sporting

group of dogs, was originally bred as a
hunting companion for retrieveing waterfowl,
and continues to be one of the most popular
family dogs in the United States. Affectionate,
obedient, and loyal to a fault, the fun loving
Retriever makes an ideal pet for the whole
family to love.
PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
The Golden Retriever is a bit longer than it is tall. Meanwhile, its strong, athletic build is
accentuated by its well-developed hindquarters and forequarters. This gives the Golden
Retriever a powerful, smooth gait. The Retriever is also characterized by its strong neck and
a broad head. Its coat, generally found in various shades of gold, is dense and waterproof,
and may be straight or wavy.
PERSONALITY AND TEMPERAMENT
The Golden Retriever is very playful. Not surprisingly, it lives up to its name as a great
retriever, reveling in games of catch and carrying objects around in its mouth. And while it
enjoys its active time outdoors, the Golden Retriever is calm indoors -- making it a great
household pet for any type of family.
This breed is highly regarded for its love of human companionship. Faithful and obedient, the
Retriever is also amongst the easiest to train. Its enthusiasm for learning new things and
ability to quickly pick up on new commands makes the Golden Retriever a pleasure to train.
CARE
To encourage turnover over of the coat and minimize buildup of hair inside the house, it is
best to routinely brush a Golden Retriever's coat at least twice a week. And though it is
capable of living outdoors, the Retriever is at its best when kept indoors with the family. In
addition, it is important for the Retriever to maintain a daily exercise routine, or take part in
active games, so that it can spend its natural energy and relax comfortably during "non-
playing" hours.
HEALTH
The Golden Retriever has a lifespan of between 10 and 13 years. Some of its minor health
problems include hypothyroidism, sub-aortic stenosis (SAS), eye disorders, elbow dysplasia,
mast cell tumors, and seizures. Osteosarcoma is also occasionally seen in Golden Retrievers.
Other major health concerns for the breed include lymphoma, canine hip dysplasia ( CHD),
hemangiosarcoma, and skin problems. To identify these conditions early, a veterinarian may
recommend heart, hip, thyroid, eye, or elbow tests during routine checkups.

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HISTORY AND BACKGROUND
Lord Tweedmouth, often credited for the development of the Golden Retriever, lived along
the Tweed River, north of the Scottish border, during the mid-19th century. There were
already many retriever breeds used for hunting fowl and other game, but seeing further
potential in the dogs, he sought to create a new breed which could combat the adverse
conditions of the area.
To accomplish this, he crossed a Wavy-Coated Retriever with a Tweed Water Spaniel. The
result was four puppies with excellent bird-hunting abilities. Later, the yellow Wavy-Coated
Retriever was cross-bred with Bloodhounds, black retrievers, setters, and Tweed Spaniels.
This crossbreeding produced dogs with similar characteristics but with a distinct yellow flat
coat. Some of these dogs entered the United States in the early 1900s with Lord
Tweedmouth's sons, and in 1912, they were formally recognized as the Golden (or Yellow)
Retriever. This breed has since gained much popularity in America.
Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1927, the Golden Retriever remains today one
of the most popular dog breeds in the United States.
Active Vocabulary
Write out words from the text corresponding to their synonyms and definitions in the
table.
1 synonym of ‘thick’ (about hair, forest) D
2 Something which has this quality does W
not let water pass through it. For example,
coat, watch, mascara
3 be smart and learn something quickly. P
For example, new commands
4 adjective, an animal which does what it is O
told to do.
5 If someone has IT, they have a sudden S
violent attack of an illness, especially one
that affects their heart or brain. Synonym of
convulsion
6 the length of time for which a person or L
animal lives
7 adjective, giving or showing firm and L
constant support to a person
8 a thorough examination, esp. a medical or C
dental one.

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Text c

Read the text and answer the question: What a Samoyed should do, if it’s bored?

Samoyed

The Samoyed is a breed that has a characteristic "smile,"

formed by a slight upturning at the corners of the mouth. It
is a hardy working dog, bred for herding and pulling sleds,
and will even turn its experience to the family’s children,
playfully herding them.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The compact, muscular, and strong body of the breed is
short but long. The Samoyed resembles spitz dogs in its
combination of strength, dignity, agility, and grace. Its agile
and quick stride has a good drive and reach. The
Samoyed's lively expression, meanwhile, is characterized
by its smile, formed by the mouth’s upturned corners.
The weather-resistant and heavy double coat comprises a thick and soft undercoat and a
straight outer coat, which shines like silver.
PERSONALITY AND TEMPERAMENT
The Samoyed bonds very closely with its family. It is generally friendly with other dogs, pets,
and strangers. Indoors it remains calm, but this occasionally mischievous and clever dog
requires daily mental and physical workout, barking and digging up holes when bored.
It responds well to its owner and is willing to please, but may be stubborn and independent
at times. It also has a tendency to herd children. The mild and playful Samoyed, however,
makes a perfect companion for a kid or a person belonging to any age group.
CARE
The Samoyed is fond of cold weather, herding, and pulling. Even though it can live outside in
cold and temperate climates, it prefers to stay in the house, sharing human companionship.
This active and lively breed requires exercise daily, in the form of a jog, a long walk or a
spirited game. Its dense coat, meanwhile, should be combed and brushed two or three times
a week, and daily during the shedding season.
HEALTH
The Samoyed, which has an average lifespan of 10 to 12 years, occasionally is troubled with
progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and diabetes. The minor health issues affecting the breed
include hypothyroidism, gastric torsion, and cataract, while a major health concern is canine
hip dysplasia (CHD). To identify some of these issues, a veterinarian may recommend hip,
eye, and thyroid tests, or a DNA exam for to confirm PRA in the dog.
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND
The Samoyed breed is named after the nomadic Samoyed group of people, who came from
central Asia to northwestern Siberia. They were solely dependent on reindeer for their food,
thus they had to move constantly with the herd, to ensure the reindeer had enough food for
themselves. They used hardy and powerful spitz dogs for herding and protecting the reindeer
from ferocious Arctic predators. These dogs were treated like family members, lived in the

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nomads’ tents and kept the kids warm in bed. Sometimes they were helpful in hauling sledges
and boats and hunting bears.
During the late 1800s, the Samoyed dog breed began to arrive in England. However, not all
of the early imports were the unmixed white breed which is common today. One of these early
imports was gifted to Queen Alexandra, who worked hard to promote the Samoyed.
Interestingly, there are many modern pedigrees that can be traced back from this dog.
The first Samoyed was brought to the United States in 1906, a gift from Grand Duke Nicholas
of Russia. At the time, the breed became well known for its ability to outperform other sledge
dogs, and in the early 20th century, Samoyed dogs would become members of various sledge
teams on expedition to the South Pole and Antarctica.
Since World War II, American dog fanciers have made the Samoyed quite popular, attracted
to the breed for its glossy, refined appearance and brave feats.
The Samoyed people may have settled down long ago, but the Samoyed dog breed continues
to be spread out throughout the world.
Active Vocabulary
Write out words from the text corresponding to their synonyms and definitions in the
table.
1 to look after livestock e.g. cattle and H
sheep (children)
2 an animal's underfur or down U
3 causing or showing a fondness for M
causing trouble in a playful way
4 adjective, determined to do what he S
wants and is very unwilling to change his
mind.
5 noun, fall out (about hair, feathers) to SH
make way for new growth
6 have a similar appearance or qualities as R
someone
7 the length of time for which a person or L
animal lives
8 the state or quality of being worthy of D
honour or respect

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Name of the
Breed

History
of the breed

Physical
characterist
ics

Personality

Care

Lifespan

Health

Name of the
Breed

History
of the breed

Physical
characterist
ics

Personality

Care

Lifespan

Health

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