ตัวคูณร่วมน้อย (ค.ร.น.

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ตัวคูณร่วมน้อย คือ จานวนที่มีค่าน้อยที่สดุ เมื่อนาจานวนที่กาหนดให้ทั้งหมดมาหาร
จานวนนั้นได้ลงตัว เช่น
จานวนที่มี 6 เป็นตัวประกอบ คือ 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 ….
จานวนที่มี 9 เป็นตัวประกอบ คือ 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54 ….
จะเห็นว่า ตัวคูณร่วมของ 6 และ 9 ได้แก่ 18, 36, และจานวนอืน่ ๆ อีกหลายจานวน
เนื่องจาก 18 เป็นจานวนที่น้อยที่สุดที่นา 6 และ 9 ไปหารแล้วลงตัว
ดังนั้น ตัวคูณร่วมน้อย (ค.ร.น.) ของ 6 และ 9 คือ 18
1) 5 และ 6
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2) 2, 3 และ 4
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การหา ค.ร.น. โดยการแยกตัวประกอบ

ตัวอย่างที่ 1 จงหา ค.ร.น. ของ 12 และ 24

วิธีทา 12 = 2 x 2 x 3
24 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
ค.ร.น. ของ 12 และ 24 คือ 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24

ตัวอย่างที่ 2 จงหา ค.ร.น. ของ 18, 45 และ 84

วิธีทา 18 = 3 x 3 x 2
45 = 3 x 3 x 5
84 = 3 x 2 x 2 x 7
ค.ร.น. ของ 18, 45 และ 84 คือ 3 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 7 = 1,260

ตัวอย่างที่ 3 จงหา ค.ร.น. ของ 15 และ 16

วิธีทา 15 = 3 x 5
16 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
ค.ร.น. ของ 15 และ 16 คือ 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 240
1. 16 และ 24
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3. 12, 24 และ 6
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5. 15, 20 และ 30
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7. 14, 28 และ 21
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2. 9 และ 12
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4. 21, 24 และ 36
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6. 35, 60 และ 42
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8. 25, 105 และ 30
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การหา ค.ร.น. โดยการหาร
1. 15 และ 18
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3. 105 และ 75
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5. 16, 24 และ 46
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7. 36, 40 และ 45
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2. 5, 9 และ 15
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4. 99, 132 และ 110
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7. 28, 36 และ 42
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8. 140, 170 และ 136
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