Keep Going [Note- Making | Question No.18 4 Marks f importa ‘on from sources such as articles, newspapers and nr Maing crn npr eso en eer While preparing for competitive examinations or geting ready to write articles you need to outline the vane ty avoid missing important information. Note-making is the process of reviewing, connecting weer ythesising ideas from reading, We prepare notes while reading diffeent chapters of our textbooks, too, it should be simple, short and organised in an orderly manner. Such notes help us to revise before examinations, Note making helps to be active during reading and revising. A Business Management student attending a seminar on Organisation Behavioural psychology feels it challenging to remember everything presented in the same order. Therefore, he notes down the valuable and essential information briefly in phrases. These notes help him in time of need later. Noting down useful concepts or information and points during lectures is referred to s note taking as opposed to note-making. Generally, note-taking happens while listening. The objective is to capture content to refer back to it later quickly. it makes the listeners understand the topic easily and become active listeners. ‘When we pick up a newspaper we do not read each and evry line in all the columns of each page, Weread the headlines, glance through the headings of the columns and read only the news that, interests us. If we can practise reading large chunks of material quickly and get an idea of what the ‘main ideas in the passages are, we would be able to improve our reading skills, and consequently, our note-making skills too. Skimming and seanning are two ways we usually follow. Skimming is the process that we adopt while reading magazines or newspapers, The reader's focus is on the cetnral theme or the core information required. Scanning is the technique of selecting the relevant information See ee ee Procedure for note-making: Oya bemns: shared by the Teogieam™ ¢ _Plterthe important points fom the available information yrganise the topies and ideas logically and s i i ; ee Stay actveandengaged whilereadinglivening, ns ne nformation quickly. Revise the content quickly before exams, Stages in note-making: * “Before: * Read the passage/article once quickly ~ * Highlight the keywords or phrases Suen feeeecenen : 6 ae aa Ifnecessry underline the points, '&: This helps in making headings _ spelen hectic * Avoid mation in your own words * ¢ information in a suitable format riate title ;Keep Going * Mind mappings a in sequential order, Note-making starts with keywords ot ideas in the centre and sub-concepts branch off as sub-headings. It worls for subjects that have interrelated topics or complex and abstract ideas. it helps in thinking creatively and can be used as revision notes or presentations. Spider diagram note-makingis similar to mind mapping. Ithelps to include a lotof information on ndensing it into keywords, + Split method is one of the common note-making methods used during fectures. In this method, a blank page is divided into narrow and broad parts. The narrow column js the cue section, where the keywords or common main points are noted. This column helps to recall large topics. The other section helps to expand and explain the cue points in brief, Format of the note-making: 1. Sub - heading Ll Information (Phrase) 1.2 Subsub-heading 1.2a Information (Phrase) 1.2b Information (Phrase) Sub-heading 2.1 Information (Phrase) ; 2.2 Information (Phrase) - 2.3 SubSub-heading 2.3a Information (Phrase) 2.3b Information (Phrase) 2.4 Information (Phrase) Sub-heading 3.1 Information (Phrase) i 3.2 _ Information (Phrase) Key to abbreviations: ss * Max: maximum * Govt: Government a single page ‘ < -Ayeaitierd. 20 The information (Points) should be in a word or phrase. Here are some strategies to condense the information: one Coo aman TEE Use minimum words. No complete sentence is to eas Devs Use numbers instead of number words. nee? Substitute long words with short forms Create your own abbreviations if necessary ‘Maths for mathematics sit ‘Mark full stop after the abbreviation. Reduce verb forms=—— Keep Going essential to m: ain rich diversity to build a harmonious environment. It enables the survival of jes beings by providing them with their basie needs such as food, shelter, medicines, etc sanveves the inereasing Pollution which is continually degrading the environment is also having iRduative impact on biodiversity, Several species that inhabited Earth earlier are now extinct ty gmany others are feared to become extinct in the coming years, ‘This will further lead to a ieonmental imbalance and can prove to be hazardous for the human species. Different species of plants] ‘Unequal distribution and animals on Earth a ————_ Due to varied climatic conditions Maintain rich diversity: hrmonious * environment * the survival of human beings| Terrestrial High near the equator] _ [High near western pacific coast] L Duct warm climate and ] [Due to highest sea surface high primary producitivity temperature Negative impact: 1, Pollution 2. Extinet of several species 3. Environmental imbalance. ‘You have observed the examples discussed. Now, it’s your turn to make notes of the given passages. Read the passages carefully and make notes. |. Sripathi Panditaradhyula Balasubrahmanyam also Known as SPB or Balu, was an Indian playback singer, television presenter, music director, actor and film producer who worked” predominantly in Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Hindi and Malayalam films. He is widely considered eee ofthe greatest Indian singersw of alltime. Balasubrahmanyam has won six National Film see ods for Best Male Playback singer for his works in four different languages-Telugu, ‘Tamil, Kannada and Hindi; 25 Andhra Pradesh state awards from Karnataka and Tami! Nadu. Tn addition, he won the Filmfare Award and six Filmfare Awards South, According to someKeep Going INTERactive English ound Yeu? 1 shows that online teaching may raise dropouts at primary and ‘d from the survey report that online classes are neh for cl Sand above. it is beneficial to the one who can afford, but detrimental to the one mei ea “ilatTord i. This reflects adversely for primary classes. Most of the rural and BPL parents may’ not afford mobile phones, network charges, computers and even, TV sets. This ‘ead to discrimination, Parents are not educated on cyber security and it may create a ‘as well as students, Our education system exists on the same planet as we ions around us as we are. Primary victims of Online classes are rural students, particularly in the public sector. Most of the government school students from tural and interior areas can neither afford technology nor have parental support. It is the misfortune of these innocent kids. The system has to be considerate to them. Progress in life depends a good deal on ctossing one threshold after another. Some time ago a man watched his little nephew trying to write his name. It was hard work, very hard work. ‘The little boy had arrived at an effort to clear a threshold. today he writes his name with comparative ease. Some people make the mistake of steering clear of thresholds. Anything that requires genuine thinking and use of energy, they avoid. Some middle-aged and elderly people greatly enrich their lives by continuing to cross thresholds. One man went into an entirely new business when he was past middle life and made a success of it. De Morgan didn’t start to write novels until he was past sixty. Psychologists have discovered that man ‘can continue to learn throughout life. And itis undoubtedly better to try and fail, than not to try atall. Then, one can be placed in the category of the Swiss mountaineer of whom it was said, “He died climbing”. When a new difficulty raises to obstruct your path, do not complain. Accept the challenge. Determine to cross this threshold as you have crossed numerous other Peele Yosser neeoe (0 dream. and Pitfalls of Online Edu y levels. It is observes upper print mess for parent are and affected by the con: Many religions existed in India in the Middle Age. The most widely preval Hinduism and Islam. But there were other religions too, like ‘Buddhism, Puan ce The outlook of the people, whether they were Hindus or Muslims, was the same. Th believed that the world was a vale of sorrow, and the only way to escape from it and the apa of true happiness were by turning their hearts away from: temptations of the senses and aking refuge in complete surrender to the wil of God whose unlimited grace alone could seveman, It was, therefore necessary to place oneself under the control ofa spiritual guide gneiprecepor,andto follow the path of inner discipline which ledto the goal of realization of God Both aang te Hindus and the Muslims, thete were many orders that saintly preceptors eet op heads o1 these orders ministered to the needs of their disciples. Kabir, jets among the Hindus had founded such orders, : wards before joining the house and surgeon finished their rounds, was a fortifying meal of mutton -m, she returned to theee surgical ward to accompany any visiting surgeor arrived back at home by 4.30, where she rested for halfan hour, talking to Louie and James and playing with their children, ‘After changing her clothes into something more dainty, she did algebra till teatime at seven o'clock. To close out her day, she wrote letters to friends and family by the fire or practised Latis 6. “Thanks to the internet, women can become entrepreneurs, In the last four years between 2012 and 2015, the number of new women-owned small and medium business Pages on Facebook has increased six-fold”, said Ankhi, “Kalpana Rajesh, a woman from India, was inspired to start her own business making bridal hair accessories after having done so for years for friends. She started her business in 2012 with three people- herself, her domestic worker and her friend. Today, she employs more than 200 women, working across thirty-six branches from Delhi to Tuticorin, with multiple product lines. She says that without Facebook, she estimates it would have taken her fifteen-twenty years to grow her busienss to the same size itis today. Not only has Kalpana made a difference to her own life, but she has also made a telling difference to the lives of more than 200 women who are now earning their livelihood, thanks to Kalpana” 7. Itisnot enough to prepare well for examinations. Success in the exams depends also on your mental state of mind during the exam, proper time management, neat presentation of answers and other small details. Sleep well on the night before the exam and resist the acini of, last minute cramming. You should be well rested and relaxed, On the morning of the exam, have a light breakfast and set out. Reach the examination hall well in time, particularly on the first day. Once you get the question paper, read it carefully. Remain calm as any silly mistake you may make in understanding the questions can have damaging consequences. Spend at least five minutes going through the different sections of the paper. It is advisable to start with those questions you are confident with, instead of ‘wasting time with the difficult ones. Do not panic if you get stuck with a question. Leave incomplete and move on to the other questions. After completing the easier questions move on to the next level of difficulty. Save the toughtest questions for the end. All the “bits’ pertaining to a question should be answered in a sequence and at the papers as you proceed. Draw all diagrams neatly and colour them more attractive. After you complete the paper, tie up1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) ” Keep Going eee me ANSWERS ) LEGEND SP BALASUBRAMANIAM ~ 1 Or a SP BALASUBRAMANIAM - PLAY BACK SINGER THE LEGEN PB or Balu. ot be rector, actor, producer and TV presenter: . different languages-Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Hindi, Karnataka and Tamilnadu besides Film SP Balasubramanian is popularly known as A multifaced personality - singer, mu He won Six National Film Awards in four 25 Nandi Awards from AP state and vallied awards from Fare Awards (07) Resources a ho won the Guinness World Record for over 40,000 songs by a singer. He won the state NTR National Award in 2012 and silver Peacock Medal in 2016 for his major contribution to Indian Cinema, A recipient of Padmashri (2001) Padma Bhushan (2011) and Padma Vibushan (Posthumanously) (2021) from the GOI. ‘Another feather in his crown in the form of Harivarasanam Award from the Government of Kerala. ‘SPB died on 25th September due to Covid-19 ONLINE EDUCATION - A MESS The only solution during the Pandemic is online classes. According to researcher EBS Loeb, online teaching increases dropouts at Primary and Upper Primary levels. As per Survey report's observation online classes are meant for higher classes. Itis good for those who can afford and bad to the affordless. BPL and rural parents are the worst sufferers. A big discrimination between haves and havenots. ‘A mess for students and parents because of lack of knowledge on cyber security,» Primary victims are the students from rural and interior areas particularly from Government Schools as they neither afford technology nor parental support. Online classes a blow for innocent kids, : CROSS THE THRESHOLD - REACH YOUK GOAL Crossing one threshold after another leads to progress. 2 Alias boy started writing with ease after strenuous effort. cop] ‘can’t clear the threshold with improper ‘thinking and avoid usi ergy. Midale aged and elderly men make their lives rich with their anheeeeeen : : A business man tasted his success after crossing his middle life. Deseret tarted writing : er crossing his 60 years of age. ere "man can continue learning throughtout his life. ‘It is better to try and(oom 4 ) 2 3) 6 D 8) 9) 10) Keep Going PITY INTERactive English EXISTENCE OF RELIGION: Many religions exissed in India in the Middle Age. ‘The more prevalent were, Hinduism and Islam and other religions too like Budhism, Jainism and Christianity. The outlook of Hindus or Muslims were same, They believed that the world was a valley of sorrow, the only way to escape it is the true happiness that comes by taking refuge in complete surrender to the will of God. Therefore, it is necessary to be under the control of spiritual guidance and preceptor. rhe Path of inner discipline leads to the goal of realization of God, nily preceptors had established many orders among the Hindus and Muslims, kabir, Nanak and others ministered to the needs of their disciples. LIZZIE’S DOCKET/SCHEDULE Lizzie, a medical intern arrives hospital promptly at 8.00 am every morning. Immediately she prepares for the dressings by spreading the different ointments, preparing lint, Jotion, poultices, bandages ete. While Lizzie is doing at a table, her sister goes for rounds examining all wounds. ‘The simple cases will be dressed by Lizzie and the complicated by her sister. By the time House Surgeon Thomas joins for 11 O’clock rounds, her sister generally finds time in visiting patients in two medical wards. Lizzie gives patients, the medicines prescribed by the doctor and surgeon. Lizzie finishes her lunch alone containing mutton chops and ale, She will accompany visiting surgeons at 1.00 Pm Livzie arrives at 4.30pm, takes rest for half an hour, talks to Louis and James and plays with her children. She does .... till 7 O° clock. closes her day..... by writing letters to friends and family or practising Latin. i INTERNET - A BOON FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS” Internet paved the way for women entrepreneurs. Benveen 2012-2015 numerous women owned small and medium business pages on Facebook has increased six-times. Ki Kalpana Rajesh’s business in 2012 with her three supporters made enormous Progress spreading her business far and wide in India. j iad C She says, without Facebook I would have not made my business grow in such 8 short time. Not only Kalpana, more than 200 women are now leaning theit livelihood and making their prospects through internet. sur ‘Thanks to internet. ‘ TIPS FOR SUCCESS IN EXAMINATION‘ Meee rok fe exam depends on your mental... of mind, time management. presenition of