Chapter 4

CHAPTER – 4
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
Exercise 4.1
Page No 4.4:
Question 1: Which of the following are quadratic equations?
(i) 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 4 = 0
1
T IO S
(ii) √3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + = 0
2
I
1
(iii) 𝑥 2 +
NO A D 𝑥2
=5
CO N
A
3
(iv) 𝑥 − = 𝑥 2
𝑥
PY
DO U A
(v) 2𝑥 2 − √3𝑥 + 9 = 0
T
ED PR
(vi) 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − √𝑥 − 5 = 0
(vii) 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 9 = 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 3
C
©
1
(viii) 𝑥 + = 1
𝑥
(ix) 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 = 0
1 2 1
(x) (𝑥 + ) = 3 (𝑥 + ) + 4
𝑥 𝑥
(xi) (2𝑥 + 1)(3𝑥 + 2) = 6(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)

1
(xii) 𝑥 + = 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 ≠ 0
𝑥
(xiii) 16𝑥 2 − 3 = (2𝑥 + 5)(5𝑥 − 3)

(xiv) (𝑥 + 2)3 = 𝑥 3 − 4
(xv) 𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) + 8 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2)
ANSWER:
We are given the following algebraic expressions and are asked to find
out which one is quadratic.
(i) Here it has been given that,
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 4 = 0
Now, the above equation clearly represents a quadratic equation of the
form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 6 and 𝑐 = −4.
Hence, the above equation is a quadratic equation.
T IO S
(ii) Here it has been given that,
I
1
NO A D
√3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 = 0
CO N
A
Now, solving the above equation further we get,
PY
DO U A
2√3𝑥 2 −4𝑥+1
=0
T 2
ED PR
2√3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
Now, the above equation clearly represents a quadratic equation of the
C
form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 2√3 , 𝑏 = −4 and 𝑐 = 1.

©

(iii) Here it has been given that,
1
𝑥2 + =5
𝑥2

𝑥 4 +1
=5
𝑥2
⇒ 𝑥 4 + 1 = 5𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 2 + 1 = 0
Now, the above equation clearly does not represent a quadratic equation
of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because 𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 2 + 1 is a polynomial of
degree 4.
Hence, the above equation is not a quadratic equation.
(iv) Here it has been given that,
3
𝑥 − = 𝑥2
𝑥
T IO S
𝑥 2 −3
= 𝑥2
I
NO A D 𝑥
CO N
𝑥2 − 3 = 𝑥3
A
−𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 3 = 0
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because −𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 3 is a polynomial of

degree 3.
C

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(v) Here it has been given that,

2𝑥 2 − √3𝑥 + 9 = 0
of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because 2𝑥 2 − √3𝑥 + 9 = 0 contains a
1
1
term 𝑥 2 , where is not an integer.
2

(vi) Here it has been given that,
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − √𝑥 − 5 = 0
Now, as we can see the above equation clearly does not represent a
quadratic equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 −
1
1
√𝑥 − 5 = 0contains an extra term 𝑥 2 , where 2 is not an integer.
(vii) Here it has been given that,
3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 9 = 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 3
Now, after solving the above equation further we get,
T IO S
2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 6 = 0
I
NO A D
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 3 = 0
CO N
A
Now as we can see, the above equation clearly represents a quadratic
PY
DO U A
equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 1 and 𝑐 = 3.
T
ED PR
(viii) Here it has been given that,

C
1
𝑥+ =1
©

𝑥 2 +1
=1
𝑥
𝑥2 + 1 = 𝑥
𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −1 and c = 1.
(ix) Here it has been given that,
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 = 0
equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −3 and c = 0.
(x) Here it has been given that,
1 2 1
(𝑥 + ) = 3 (𝑥 + ) + 4
𝑥 𝑥
T IO S
2
𝑥 2 +1 3𝑥 2 +1+4𝑥
( ) =
I
𝑥 𝑥
NO A D𝑥 4 + 1 + 2𝑥 2 = 3𝑥 3 + 𝑥 + 4𝑥 2
CO N
A
𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
PY
DO U A
Now as we can see, the above equation clearly does not represent a
T
quadratic equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because 𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 −
ED PR
2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 is a polynomial having a degree of 4 which is never present

in a quadratic polynomial.
C
©

(xi) Here it has been given that,
(2𝑥 + 1)(3𝑥 + 2) = 6(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)
6𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 2 = 6𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 12
25𝑥 − 10 = 0
5𝑥 − 2 = 0
quadratic equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because 5𝑥 − 2 = 0 is
a linear equation.
(xii) Here it has been given that,
1
𝑥 + = 𝑥2
𝑥

𝑥 2 +1
( ) = 𝑥2
𝑥
𝑥2 + 1 = 𝑥3
−𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 1 = 0
T IO S
I
NO A D
quadratic equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because −𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 +
CO N
1 is a polynomial having a degree of 3 which is never present in a
A
quadratic polynomial.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
(xiii) Here it has been given that,

16𝑥 2 − 3 = (2𝑥 + 5)(5𝑥 − 3)
C

©
16𝑥 2 − 3 = 10𝑥 2 + 19𝑥 − 15

4𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 + 12 = 0
equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −19 and 𝑐 =
12.
(xiv) Here it has been given that,
(𝑥 + 2)3 = 𝑥 3 − 4
𝑥 3 + 8 + 3(𝑥 )(2)(𝑥 + 2) = 𝑥 3 − 4
12 + 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 = 0
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 2 = 0
equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2 and 𝑐 = 2.
(xv) Here it has been given that,
𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) + 8 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2)
T IO S
I
NO A D
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 8 = 𝑥2 − 4
CO N
A
𝑥 + 12 = 0
PY
DO U A
T
quadratic equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because 𝑥 + 12 = 0 is
ED PR
a linear equation which does not have a 𝑥 2 term in it.

C
©
Page No 4.4:
Question 2: In each of the following, determine whether the given
values are solutions of the given equation or not:
(i) 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = 0, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = −1
(ii) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0, 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1
(iii) 𝑥 2 − 3√3𝑥 + 6 = 0, 𝑥 = √3, 𝑥 = −2√3
1 13 5 4
(iv) 𝑥 + = ,𝑥 = ,𝑥 =
𝑥 6 6 3
(v) 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 9 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = 3
(vi) 𝑥2 − √2𝑥 − 4 = 0, 𝑥 = −√2, 𝑥 = −2√2
𝑎 𝑏
(vii) 𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 2 = 0, 𝑥 = , 𝑥 =
𝑏 𝑎
ANSWER:
We are given the following quadratic equations and we are asked to find
whether the given values are solutions or not
(i)
We have been given that,
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = 0, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = −1
T IO S
Now if 𝑥 = 2 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
I
equation
NO A D
CO N
A
So, substituting 𝑥 = 2 in the equation we get
PY
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = (2)2 − 3(2) + 2
DO U A
T
=4−6+2
ED PR
=0
C
Hence, 𝑥 = 2 is a solution of the given quadratic equation.

©
Also, if 𝑥 = −1 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the

equation
So, substituting 𝑥 = −1 in the equation, we get
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = (−1)2 − 3(−1) + 2
=1+3+2
=6
Hence 𝑥 = −1 is not a solution of the quadratic equation
Therefore, from the above results we find out that 𝑥 = 2 is a solution
and 𝑥 = −1 is not a solution of the given quadratic equation.
(ii) We have been given that,
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0, 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1
equation.
So, substituting 𝑥 = 0 in the equation, we get
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = (0)2 + (0) + 1
=1
Hence 𝑥 = 0 is not a solution of the given quadratic equation.
T IO S
Also, if 𝑥 = 1 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
I
NO A D
equation.
CO N
A
PY
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = (1)2 + (1) + 1
DO U A
T
=3
ED PR
Hence 𝑥 = 1 is not a solution of the quadratic equation.

C
Therefore, from the above results we find out that both 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = −1
©
are not a solution of the given quadratic equation.

(iii) We have been given that,
𝑥 2 − 3√3𝑥 + 6 = 0, 𝑥 = √3, 𝑥 = −2√3
Now if 𝑥 = √3is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
equation.
So, substituting 𝑥 = √3 in the equation, we get
2
𝑥 2 − 3√3 + 6 = (√3) − 3√3(√3) + 6
=3−9+6
=0
Hence 𝑥 = √3 is a solution of the quadratic equation.
Also, if 𝑥 = −2√3 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
equation
So, substituting 𝑥 = −2√3 in the equation, we get
Hence 𝑥 = −2√3 is a solution of the quadratic equation.
T IO S
Therefore, from the above results we find out that 𝑥 = √3 and 𝑥 =
I
−2√3 are the solutions of the given quadratic equation.
NO A D
CO N
(iv) We have been given that,
A
PY
DO U A
1 13
𝑥+ =
T
𝑥 6
ED PR
1 13 5 4
𝑥+ − = 0, 𝑥 = , 𝑥 =
𝑥 6 6 3
C
5
Now if 𝑥 = is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
©
6
equation.
5
So, substituting 𝑥 = in the equation, we get
6
1 13 5 6 13
𝑥+ − = ( )+ −
𝑥 6 6 5 6
25+36−65
=
30
−4
=
30
5
Hence 𝑥 = is not a solution of the quadratic equation.
6
4
Also, if 𝑥 = is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
3
equation.
4
3
1 13 4 3 13
𝑥+ − = + −
𝑥 6 3 4 6
16+−9−26
=
12
−1
=
12
4
Hence, 𝑥 = is not a solution of the quadratic equation.
3
T IO S
5 4
Therefore, from the above results we find out that both 𝑥 = and 𝑥 =
I
6 3
NO A D
are not the solutions of the given quadratic equation.
CO N
A
(v) We have been given that,
PY
2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 9 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3
DO U A
T
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 = 0, 𝑥 = 2𝑥 = 3
ED PR

equation.
C
©

𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 = (2)2 − 5(2) + 6
= 10 − 10
=0
Hence 𝑥 = 2 is a solution of the given quadratic equation
Also, if 𝑥 = 3 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
equation.
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 = (3)2 − 5(3) + 6
= 15 − 15
=0
Hence 𝑥 = 3 is a solution of the quadratic equation.
Therefore, from the above results we find out that both 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑥 = 3
are solutions of the quadratic equation.
(vi) We have been given that,
𝑥 2 − √2𝑥 − 4 = 0, 𝑥 = −√2, 𝑥 = −2√2
Now if 𝑥 = −√2 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
T IO S
equation.
I
NO A D
So, substituting 𝑥 = −√2 in the equation, we get
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
2
𝑥 2 − √2𝑥 − 4 = (−√2) − √2(−√2) − 4
T
ED PR
=2+2−4
=0
C
©
Hence 𝑥 = −√2 is a solution of the quadratic equation.

Also, if 𝑥 = −2√2 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
equation.
So, substituting 𝑥 = −2√2 in the equation, we get
2
𝑥 2 − √2𝑥 − 4 = (−2√2) − √2(−2√2) − 4
=8+4–4
=8
Hence 𝑥 = −2√2 is not a solution of the quadratic equation.
Therefore, from the above results we find out that 𝑥 = −√2 is a solution
but 𝑥 = −2√2 is not a solution of the given quadratic equation.
(vii) We have been given that,
𝑎 𝑏
𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 2 = 0, 𝑥 = , 𝑥 =
𝑏 𝑎
𝑎
Now if 𝑥 = is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
𝑏
equation.
𝑎
𝑏
𝑎 2 𝑎
𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 ( ) − 3𝑎𝑏 ( ) + 2𝑏 2
T IO S
𝑏 𝑏
I
𝑎4 −3𝑎2 𝑏2 +2𝑏4
=
NO A D 𝑏2
CO N
𝑎
A
Hence 𝑥 = is not a solution of the quadratic equation.
𝑏
PY
DO U A
𝑏
Also, if 𝑥 = is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the
𝑎
T
ED PR
equation.
𝑏
𝑎
C
2
©
2 2 2 2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑎 𝑥 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 = 𝑎 ( ) − 3𝑎𝑏 ( ) + 2𝑏 2
𝑏 𝑏
= 𝑏 2 − 3𝑏 2 + 2𝑏 2
=0
𝑏
Hence 𝑥 = is a solution of the quadratic equation.
𝑎
𝑎
Therefore, from the above results we find out that 𝑥 = is not a solution
𝑏
𝑏
and 𝑥 = is a solution of the given quadratic equation.
𝑎
Page No 4.4:
Question 3: In each of the following, find the value of k for which the
given value is a solution of the given equation:
2
(i) 7𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 − 3 = 0, 𝑥 =
3
(ii) 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 (𝑎 + 𝑏) + 𝑘 = 0, 𝑥 = 𝑎
(iii) 𝑘𝑥 2 + √2𝑥 − 4 = 0, 𝑥 = √2
(iv) 𝑥 2 + 3𝑎𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, 𝑥 = −𝑎
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
In each of the following cases find k.
A
(i) We are given here that,
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
2
7𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 − 3 = 0, 𝑥 =
3
2
Now, as we know that 𝑥 = is a solution of the quadratic equation, hence
C
3
©
2
it should satisfy the equation. Therefore substituting 𝑥 = in the above
3
equation gives us,
2 2 2
7( ) + 𝑘( ) − 3 = 0
3 3
28+6𝑘−27
=0
3
6𝑘 = −1
1
𝑘=−
6
1
Hence, the value of 𝑘 = − .
6
(ii) We are given here that,

𝑥 2 − 𝑥 (𝑎 + 𝑏) + 𝑘 = 0, 𝑥 = 𝑎
Now, as we know that 𝑥 = 𝑎 is a solution of the quadratic equation, hence
it should satisfy the equation. Therefore substituting 𝑥 = 𝑎 in the above
equation gives us,
𝑎2 − 𝑎(𝑎 + 𝑏) + 𝑘 = 0
𝑎2 − 𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑘 = 0
𝑘 = 𝑎𝑏
T IO S
Hence, the value of 𝑘 = 𝑎𝑏.
I
NO A D
(iii) We are given here that,
CO N
A
𝑘𝑥 2 − √2𝑥 − 4 = 0, 𝑥 = √2
PY
DO U A
Now, as we know that 𝑥 = √2 is a solution of the quadratic equation,
T
hence it should satisfy the equation. Therefore substituting 𝑥 = √2 in the
ED PR
above equation gives us,

2
C
𝑘(√2) + √2(√2) − 4 = 0
©
5𝑘 + 2 − 4 = 0
2𝑘 = 2
𝑘=1
Hence, the value of 𝑘 = 1.
(iv) We are given here that,
𝑥 2 + 3𝑎𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, 𝑥 = −𝑎
Now, as we know that 𝑥 = −𝑎 is a solution of the quadratic equation,
hence it should satisfy the equation. Therefore substituting 𝑥 = −𝑎 in the
above equation gives us,
(−𝑎)2 + 3𝑎(−𝑎) + 𝑘 = 0
𝑎2 − 3𝑎2 + 𝑘 = 0
𝑘 = 2𝑎2
Hence the value of 𝑘 = 2𝑎2 .
Page No 4.5:
Question 4: Determine. if 3 is a root of the equation given below:
√𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 + √𝑥 2 − 9 = √4𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 + 16
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
√𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 + √𝑥 2 − 9 = √4𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 + 16
PY
DO U A
We have to check whether x = 3 is the solution of the given equation or
T
not.
ED PR
Now, if 𝑥 = 3 is a root of the above quadratic equation, then it should

satisfy the whole. So substituting 𝑥 = 3 in the above equation, we have,
C
©
Left hand side
= √(3)2 − 4(3) + 3 + √(3)2 − 9

= √0 + √0
=0
Right hand side
= √4(3)2 − 14(3) + 16
= √36 − 42 + 16
= √10
Now since, we can see from above that left hand side and right hand side
are not equal. Therefore 𝑥 = 3 is not the solution of the given quadratic
equation.
Page No 4.5:
Question 5: If x = 2/3 and x = −3 are the roots of the equation ax2 +
7x + b = 0, find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
2
𝑎𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0, 𝑥 = , 𝑥 = −3
A
3
PY
We have to find 𝑎 and b
DO U A
T 2
Now, if 𝑥 = is a root of the equation, then it should satisfy the equation
ED PR
3
2
completely. Therefore we substitute 𝑥 = in the above equation. We get,
3
C
©
2 2 2
𝑎( ) + 7( ) + 𝑏 = 0
3 3
4𝑎+42+9𝑏
=0
9
−9𝑏−42
𝑎= …… (1)
4
Also, if 𝑥 = −3 is a root of the equation, then it should satisfy the

equation completely. Therefore we substitute 𝑥 = −3 in the above
equation. We get,
𝑎(−3)2 + 7(−3) + 𝑏 = 0
9𝑎 − 21 + 𝑏 = 0 …… (2)
Now, we multiply equation (2) by 9 and then subtract equation (1) from
it. So we have,
81𝑎 + 9𝑏 − 189 − 4𝑎 − 9𝑏 − 42 = 0
77𝑎 − 231 = 0
231
𝑎=
77
𝑎=3
Now, put this value of ‘a’ in equation (2) in order to get the value of ‘b’.
T IO S
So,
I
NO A D
9(3) + 𝑏 − 21 = 0
CO N
A
𝑏 = −6
PY
DO U A
Therefore, we have 𝑎 = 3 and 𝑏 = −6.
T
ED PR
C
©
Exercise 4.2
Page No 4.8:
Question 1: The product of two consecutive positive integers is 306.
Form the quadratic equation to find the integers, if x denotes the smaller
integer.
ANSWER:
Since it is given in the question that the numbers we have to find are
T IO S
consecutive positive integer numbers, therefore the difference between
the two numbers should be equal to 1.
I
NO A D
For e.g. 7 and 8 or 26 and 27 are consecutive numbers.
CO N
A
Let us assume the first number to be ‘x’. So our next consecutive number
should be ‘x + 1’. Now the question also says that the product of these two
PY
DO U A
numbers is 306.
T
ED PR
Therefore,
(𝑥 )(𝑥 + 1) = 306
C
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 = 306
©
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 306 = 0
Hence, this is our required quadratic equation.
Page No 4.8:
Question 2: John and Jivanti together have 45 marbles. Both of them lost
5 marbles each, and the product of the number of marbles they now have
is 128. Form the quadratic equation to find how many marbles they had
to start with, if John and x marbles.
ANSWER:
It is given that John had ‘x’ marbles.
We are also given that both John and Javanti had 45 marbles together.
So, Javanti should have ’45 − x’ marbles with her.
Now, it is given that both of them lose 5 marbles each.
So in the new situation, John will have ‘x − 5’marbles and Javanti will
have ’45 − x − 5’ marbles.
Also it is given that the product of the number of marbles both of them
now is 128.
Therefore,
T IO S I
(𝑥 − 5)(45 − 𝑥 − 5) = 128
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 5)(40 − 𝑥 ) = 128
A
40𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 200 + 5𝑥 = 128
PY
DO U A
𝑥 2 − 45𝑥 + 200 + 128 = 0

T
ED PR
𝑥 2 − 45𝑥 + 328 = 0
Hence, this is the required quadratic equation.
C
©
Page No 4.8:
Question 3: A cottage industry produces a certain number of toys in a
day. The cost of production of each toy (in rupees) was found to be 55
minus the number of articles produced in a day. On a particular day, the
total cost of production was Rs. 750. If x denotes the number of toys
produced that day, from the quadratic equation of find x.
ANSWER:
Now we know that ‘x’ denotes the total number of toys produced in that
day.
But, the cost of production of a single toy is 55 minus the number of

toys produced that day i.e. ‘x’.
So, the total production cost would be the product of the cost of a single
toy and the total number of toys i.e. product of ‘55 − x’ and ‘x’. Now, it
is given here that total production cost of that day was Rs.750.
Therefore,
(𝑥 )(55 − 𝑥 ) = 750
55𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 750
𝑥 2 − 55𝑥 + 750 = 0
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.8:
PY
Question 4: The height of a right triangle is 7 cm less than its base. If the
DO U A
hypotenuse is 13 cm, form the quadratic equation to find the base of the
T
ED PR
triangle.
ANSWER:
C
Now, since we have to find out base, let us assume the base to be ‘x’ cm.
©
Therefore the height of the triangle becomes ‘x −7’.
It is also given that the hypotenuse is 13 cm.

By Pythagoras Theorem,
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 − 7)2 = (13)2
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 49 − 14𝑥 = 169
2𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 120 = 0
𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 60 = 0
Hence, this is our required quadratic equation.
Page No 4.8:
Question 5: An express train takes 1 hour less than a passenger train to
travel 132 km between Mysore and Banglore. If the average speed of the
express train is 11 km/hr more than that of the passenger train, from the
quadratic equation to find the average speed of express train.
ANSWER:
Now let us assume that the speed of the express train be ‘x’ km/hr.
Therefore, according to the question speed of the passenger train will be
T IO S
‘x −11’ km/hr. Now we know that the total distance travelled by both the
I
trains was 132 km.
NO A D
CO N
We also know that
A
132
PY
So the time taken by express train would be ( ) hr and the time taken
DO U A
𝑥
T 132
by the passenger train would be ( ) hr. Now, we also know that the
ED PR
𝑥−11
express train took 1 hr less than the passenger train to travel the whole
distance.
C
©
Therefore, we have
132 132
( )=( )−1
𝑥 𝑥−11
132 132
( )−( )=1
𝑥−11 𝑥
132𝑥−132(𝑥−11)
( )=1
𝑥 2 −11𝑥
𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 − 1452 = 0
Therefore, this is the required equation.
Page No 4.8:
Question 6: A train travels 360 km at a uniform speed. If the speed had
been 5 km/hr more, it would have taken 1 hour less for the same journey.
Form the quadratic equation to find the speed of the train.
ANSWER:
Let us assume that the speed of the train be ‘x’ km/hr. We are also given
that the distance covered during the journey is 360 km.
360
Now, time taken during the journey = ( ) hr
𝑥
T IO S
360
Time taken for the new journey = ( ) hr
I
𝑥+5
NO A D
CO N
According to the question,
A
360 360
( )−( )=1
PY
𝑥 𝑥+5
DO U A
360𝑥+1800−360𝑥
T
( )=1
ED PR
𝑥 2 +5𝑥
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 = 1800
C
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 1800 = 0
©

Exercise 4.3
Page No 4.19:
Question 1: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:
(x − 4) (x + 2) = 0
ANSWER:
T IO S
We have been given,
I
(x − 4) (x + 2) = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
Therefore,
PY
(x − 4) = 0
DO U A
T
𝑥=0
ED PR
or
C
(x + 2) = 0
©
𝑥 = −2
Therefore, 𝑥 = 4 or 𝑥 = −2.
Page No 4.19:
(2x + 3)(3x − 7) = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given,
(2x + 3)(3x − 7) = 0
Therefore,
(2𝑥 + 3) = 0
2𝑥 = −3
−3
𝑥=
2
T IO S
or
I
NO A D
(3𝑥 − 7) = 0
CO N
A
3𝑥 = 7
PY
7
DO U A
𝑥=
3
T
ED PR
C
©
−3 7
Therefore, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = .
2 3
Page No 4.19:
3x2 − 14x − 5 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
3𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 5 = 0
3𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 𝑥 − 5 = 0
3𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) + 1(𝑥 − 5) = 0
(3𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
Therefore,
3𝑥 + 1 = 0
3𝑥 = −1
−1
𝑥=
3
T IO S
or,
I
𝑥−5=0
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥=5
PY
−1
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = 5.
DO U A
3
T
ED PR
Page No 4.19:
C

©
9x2 − 3x − 2 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given,
9𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2 = 0
9𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 2 = 0
3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 2) + 1(3𝑥 − 2) = 0
(3𝑥 + 1)(3𝑥 − 2) = 0
Therefore,
3𝑥 + 1 = 0
3𝑥 = −1
−1
𝑥=
3
or,
3𝑥 − 2 = 0
T IO S
3𝑥 = 2
I
2
NO A D
𝑥=
CO N
3
A
−1 2
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = .
3 3
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.19:
C
1 1 6
− = , 𝑥 ≠ 1, −5
©
𝑥−1 𝑥+5 7
ANSWER:
We have been given
1 1 6
− =
𝑥−1 𝑥+5 7
6 6
=
𝑥 2 +4𝑥−5 7
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 6) − 2(𝑥 + 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥−2=0
𝑥=2
or,
𝑥+6=0
𝑥 = −6
Hence, x = 2 or x = −6.
T IO S I
Page No 4.19:
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
6x2 + 11x + 3 = 0
DO U A
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
We have been given

6𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 3 = 0
C
©
6𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 3 = 0
3𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) + 1(2𝑥 + 3) = 0
(2𝑥 + 3)(3𝑥 + 1) = 0
2𝑥 + 3 = 0
−3
𝑥=
2
or,
3𝑥 + 1 = 0
−1
𝑥=
3
−3 −1
Hence 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = .
2 3
Page No 4.19:
5x2 − 3x − 2 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
5𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2 = 0
T IO S
5𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 2 = 0
I
NO A D
5𝑥 (𝑥 − 1) + 2(𝑥 − 1) = 0
CO N
A
(5𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
PY
Therefore,
DO U A
T
5𝑥 + 2 = 0
ED PR
5𝑥 = −2
C
−2
𝑥=
©
5
or,
𝑥−1=0
𝑥=1
−2
5
Page No 4.19:
48x2 − 13x − 1 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
48𝑥 2 − 13𝑥 − 1 = 0
48𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 1 = 0
16𝑥 (3𝑥 − 1) + 1(3𝑥 − 1) = 0
(16 + 1)(3𝑥 − 1) = 0
Therefore,
T IO S
16𝑥 + 1 = 0
I
16𝑥 = −1
NO A D
CO N
−1
𝑥=
A
16
PY
or,
DO U A
T
3𝑥 − 1 = 0
ED PR
3𝑥 = 1
1
C
𝑥=
3
©
−1 1
16 3
Page No 4.19:
3x2 = −11x − 10
ANSWER:
We have been given
3x2 = −11x − 10
3𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 10 = 0
3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 10 = 0
3𝑥 (𝑥 + 2) + 5(𝑥 + 2) = 0
(3𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
Therefore,
3𝑥 + 5 = 0
T IO S
3𝑥 = −5
I
−5
𝑥=
NO A D
3
CO N
A
or,
PY
𝑥+2=0
DO U A
T
𝑥 = −2
ED PR
−5
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = −2.
3
C
©
Page No 4.19:
25x (x + 1) = −4
ANSWER:
We have been given
25x (x + 1) = −4
25𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 + 4 = 0
25𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 4 = 0
5𝑥 (5𝑥 + 4) + 1(5𝑥 + 4) = 0
(5𝑥 + 1)(5𝑥 + 4) = 0
Therefore,
5𝑥 + 1 = 0
5𝑥 = −1
−1
𝑥=
5
or,
T IO S
5𝑥 + 4 = 0
I
5𝑥 = −4
NO A D
CO N
−4
A
𝑥=
5
PY
DO U A
−1 −4
5 5
T
ED PR
Page No 4.19:
C

©
10
16𝑥 − = 27
𝑥
ANSWER:
10
16𝑥 − = 27
𝑥
⇒ 16𝑥 2 − 10 = 27𝑥
⇒ 16𝑥 2 − 27𝑥 − 10 = 0
⇒ 16𝑥 2 − 32𝑥 + 5𝑥 − 10 = 0
⇒ 16𝑥 (𝑥 − 2) + 5(𝑥 − 2) = 0
⇒ (16𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
⇒ 16𝑥 + 5 = 0 or 𝑥 − 2 = 0
5
⇒𝑥=− or 𝑥 = 2
16
5
Hence, the factors are 2 and − .
16
Page No 4.19:
Question 12:
T IO S
Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:
I
NO A D
CO N
1 1
− = 3, 𝑥 ≠ 0, 2
A
𝑥 𝑥−2
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
We have been given
ED PR
1 1
− =3
𝑥 𝑥−2
C
−2 = 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥
©
3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2 = 0
3𝑥 2 − (3 + √3)𝑥 − (3 − √3)𝑥 + 3 − √3 + √3 − 1 = 0
−3+√3
𝑥(3𝑥 − 3 − √3) + ( ) (3𝑥 − 3 − √3) = 0
3
3𝑥−3+√3
( ) (3𝑥 − 3 − √3) = 0
3
(√3𝑥 − √3 + 1)(√3𝑥 − √3 − 1) = 0
Therefore,
√3𝑥 − √3 + 1 = 0
√3𝑥 = √3 − 1
√3−1
𝑥=
√3
or,
(√3𝑥 − √3 − 1) = 0
√3𝑥 = √3 + 1
√3+1
T IO S
𝑥=
√3
I
√3−1 √3+1
NO A D
CO N
√3 √3
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.19:
T
ED PR

1
𝑥 − = 3, 𝑥 ≠ 0
𝑥
C
ANSWER:
©
We have been given

1
𝑥 − = 3, 𝑥 ≠ 0
𝑥
𝑥 2 − 1 = 3𝑥
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 = 0
3−√3 3+√3 3+√3 3−√3
𝑥2 = ( )𝑥 − ( )𝑥 + ( )( )=0
2 2 2 2
3−√3 3+√3 3−√3

𝑥 (𝑥 − ( )) − ( ) (𝑥 − ( )) = 0
2 2 2
3−√3 3+√3
[𝑥 − ( )] [𝑥 − ( )] = 0
2 2
Therefore,
3−√3
𝑥−( )=0
2
3−√3
𝑥=
2
or,
3+√3
𝑥−( )=0
2
T IO S
3+√3
𝑥=
I
2
NO A D 3−√3 3+√3
CO N
A
2 2
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.19:
T
ED PR

C
1 1 11
− = , 𝑥 ≠ 4, 7
©
𝑥+4 𝑥−7 30
ANSWER:
We have been given
1 1 11
− =
𝑥+4 𝑥−7 30
−11 11
=
𝑥 2 −3𝑥−28 30
−30 = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 28
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 + 2 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 2) − 1(𝑥 − 2) = 0
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥−1=0
𝑥=1
or,
𝑥−2=0
T IO S
𝑥=2
I
Hence, 𝑥 = 1 or 𝑥 = 2.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.19:
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
1 2 8
+ = ; 𝑥 ≠ 0, 2, 3
C
𝑥−3 𝑥−2 𝑥
©
ANSWER:
1 2 8
+ =
𝑥−3 𝑥−2 𝑥
(𝑥−2)+2(𝑥−3) 8
⇒ (𝑥−3)(𝑥−2)
=
𝑥
𝑥−2+2𝑥−6 8
⇒ =
𝑥 2 −2𝑥−3𝑥+6 𝑥
3𝑥−8 8
⇒ =
𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 (3𝑥 − 8) = 8(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6)
⇒ 3𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 = 8𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 48
⇒ 5𝑥 2 − 32𝑥 + 48 = 0
⇒ 5𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 − 12𝑥 + 48 = 0
⇒ 5𝑥 (𝑥 − 4) − 12(𝑥 − 4) = 0
⇒ (5𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
⇒ 5𝑥 − 12 = 0 or 𝑥 − 4 = 0
12
⇒𝑥= or 𝑥 = 4
5
12
Hence, the factors are 4 and .
5
T IO S I
NO A D Page No 4.19:
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 2 = 0
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
We have been given
C
©
𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 2 = 0
𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑥 − 𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑏 2 = 0
𝑎𝑥 (𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏) − 𝑏(𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏) = 0
(𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏)(𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏) = 0
Therefore,
𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏 = 0
𝑎𝑥 = 𝑏
𝑏
𝑥=
𝑎
or,
𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏 = 0
𝑎𝑥 = 2𝑏
2𝑏
𝑥=
𝑎
𝑏 2𝑏
𝑎 𝑎
T IO S
Page No 4.19:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
9𝑥 2 − 6𝑏 2 𝑥 − (𝑎4 − 𝑏 4 ) = 0
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
9𝑥 2 − 6𝑏 2 𝑥 − (𝑎4 − 𝑏 4 ) = 0
C
⇒ 9𝑥 2 − 6𝑏 2 𝑥 − (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) = 0
©
⇒ 9𝑥 2 + 3(𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )𝑥 − 3(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 − (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) = 0

⇒ 3𝑥 [3𝑥 + (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )] − (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )[3𝑥 + (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )] = 0
⇒ [3𝑥 − (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )][3𝑥 + (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )] = 0
⇒ 3𝑥 − (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) = 0 or 3𝑥 + (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) = 0
𝑎2 +𝑏2 −𝑎2 −𝑏2
⇒𝑥= or 𝑥 =
3 3
𝑎2 +𝑏2 𝑏2 −𝑎2
⇒𝑥= or 𝑥 =
3 3
𝑎2 +𝑏2 𝑏2 −𝑎2
Hence, the factors are and .
3 3
Page No 4.19:
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑏𝑥 − (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑏𝑥 − (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) = 0
T IO S
4𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 − 2(𝑎 − 𝑏)𝑥 − (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) = 0
I
NO A D
2𝑥 (2𝑥 + 𝑎 + 𝑏) − (𝑎 − 𝑏)(2𝑥 + 𝑎 + 𝑏) = 0
CO N
A
(2𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏))(2𝑥 + 𝑎 + 𝑏) = 0
PY
DO U A
Therefore,
T
2𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏) = 0
ED PR
2𝑥 = 𝑎 − 𝑏
C
𝑎−𝑏
𝑥=
©
2
or,
2𝑥 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 0
2𝑥 = −(𝑎 + 𝑏)
−(𝑎+𝑏)
𝑥=
2
𝑎−𝑏 −(𝑎+𝑏)
2 2
Page No 4.19:
𝑎𝑥 2 + (4𝑎2 − 3𝑏)𝑥 − 12𝑎𝑏 = 0

ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑎𝑥 2 + (4𝑎2 − 3𝑏)𝑥 − 12𝑎𝑏 = 0
𝑎𝑥 2 + 4𝑎2 𝑥 − 3𝑏𝑥 − 12𝑎𝑏 = 0
T IO S
𝑎𝑥 (𝑥 + 4𝑎) − 3𝑏(𝑥 + 4𝑎) = 0
I
NO A D
(𝑎𝑥 − 3𝑏)(𝑥 + 4𝑎) = 0
CO N
A
Therefore,
PY
𝑎𝑥 − 3𝑏 = 0
DO U A
T
𝑎𝑥 = 3𝑏
ED PR
3𝑏
𝑥=
𝑎
C
or
©
𝑥 + 4𝑎 = 0
𝑥 = −4𝑎
3𝑏
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = −4𝑎.
𝑎
Page No 4.19:
2𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎2 = 0
ANSWER:
2𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎2 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎2 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 (𝑥 + 𝑎) − 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑎) = 0
⇒ (2𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑎) = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 − 𝑎 = 0 or 𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0
𝑎
⇒𝑥= or 𝑥 = −𝑎
2
𝑎
Hence, the factors are and −𝑎.
2
T IO S I
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
16 15
−1= ; 𝑥 ≠ 0, −1
ED PR
𝑥 𝑥+1
ANSWER:
C
16 15
−1=
©
𝑥 𝑥+1
16−𝑥 15
⇒ =
𝑥 𝑥+1
⇒ (16 − 𝑥 )(𝑥 + 1) = 15𝑥

⇒ 16𝑥 + 16 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 = 15𝑥
⇒ −𝑥 2 + 16 + 15𝑥 = 15𝑥
⇒ −𝑥 2 + 16 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 16 = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 4 = 0 or 𝑥 + 4 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 4 or 𝑥 = −4
Hence, the factors are 4 and −4.
Page No 4.20:
𝑥+3 3𝑥−7
=
𝑥+2 2𝑥−3
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
We have been given
CO N
A
𝑥+3 3𝑥−7
=
PY
𝑥+2 2𝑥−3
DO U A
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 9 = 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 14
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5 = 0
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 𝑥 − 5 = 0
C
©
𝑥 (𝑥 + 5) + 1(𝑥 − 5) = 0
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥+1=0
𝑥 = −1
or,
𝑥−5=0
𝑥=5
Hence, 𝑥 = −1 or 𝑥 = 5.
Page No 4.20:
2𝑥 2𝑥−5 25
+ =
𝑥−4 𝑥−3 3
ANSWER:
We have been given
2𝑥 2𝑥−5 25
+ =
𝑥−4 𝑥−3 3
2𝑥(𝑥−3)+(2𝑥−5)(𝑥−4) 25
T IO S
=
𝑥 2 −7𝑥+12 3
I
6𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 6𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 − 15𝑥 + 60 = 25𝑥 2 − 175𝑥 + 300
NO A D
CO N
A
13𝑥 2 − 118𝑥 + 240 = 0
PY
13𝑥 2 − 78𝑥 − 40𝑥 + 240 = 0
DO U A
T
13𝑥(𝑥 − 6) − 40(𝑥 − 6) = 0
ED PR
(𝑥 − 6)(13𝑥 − 40) = 0
C
Therefore,
©
𝑥−6=0
𝑥=0
or,
13𝑥 − 40 = 0
13𝑥 = 40
40
𝑥=
13
40
Hence, 𝑥 = 6 or 𝑥 = .
13
Page No 4.20:
𝑥+3 1−𝑥 17
− =
𝑥−2 𝑥 4
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑥+3 1−𝑥 17
− =
𝑥−2 𝑥 4
4(𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 2 − 2𝑥 ) = 17(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 )
T IO S I
9𝑥 2 − 34𝑥 − 8 = 0
NO A D
CO N
9𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 8 = 0
A
9𝑥 (𝑥 − 4) + 2(𝑥 − 4) = 0
PY
DO U A
(9𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
T
ED PR
Therefore,
9𝑥 + 2 = 0
C
©
9𝑥 = −2
−2
𝑥=
9
or,
𝑥−4=0
𝑥=4
−2
9
Page No 4.20:
𝑥−3 𝑥+3 48
− = , 𝑥 ≠ 3, 𝑥 ≠ −3
𝑥+3 𝑥−3 7
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑥−3 𝑥+3 48
− =
𝑥+3 𝑥−3 7
7(𝑥 2 + 9 − 6𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 9 − 6𝑥 ) = 48(𝑥 2 − 9)
T IO S I
48𝑥 2 + 84𝑥 − 432 = 0
NO A D
CO N
4𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 36 = 0
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A
4𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 9𝑥 − 36 = 0
T
ED PR
4𝑥 (𝑥 + 4) − 9(𝑥 + 4) = 0
(4𝑥 − 9)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
C
©
Therefore,
4𝑥 − 9 = 0
4𝑥 = 9
9
𝑥=
4
or,
𝑥+4=0
𝑥 = −4
9
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = −4
4
Page No 4.20:
1 2 6
+ = , 𝑥≠0
𝑥−2 𝑥−1 𝑥
ANSWER:
We have been given
1 2 6
+ =
𝑥−2 𝑥−1 𝑥
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 6(𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 2)
T IO S I
3𝑥 2 − 13𝑥 + 12 = 0
NO A D
CO N
Therefore,
A
3𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 12 = 0
PY
DO U A
3𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) − 4(𝑥 − 3) = 0
T
ED PR
(3𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
Therefore,
C
©
3𝑥 − 4 = 0
3𝑥 = 4
4
𝑥=
3
or,
𝑥−3=0
𝑥=3
4
3
Page No 4.20:
𝑥+1 𝑥−1 5
− = , 𝑥 ≠ 1, − 1
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 6
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑥+1 𝑥−1 5
− =
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 6
6(𝑥 2 + 1 + 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 1 + 2𝑥 ) = 5(𝑥 2 − 1)
T IO S I
5𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 − 5 = 0
NO A D
CO N
5𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 𝑥 − 5 = 0
A
5𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) + 1(𝑥 − 5) = 0
PY
DO U A
(5𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
T
ED PR
Therefore,
5𝑥 + 1 = 0
C
©
5𝑥 = −1
−1
𝑥=
5
or,
𝑥−5=0
𝑥=5
−1
5
Page No 4.20:
𝑥−1 2𝑥+1 5 1
+ = , 𝑥≠− , 1
2𝑥+1 𝑥−1 2 2
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑥−1 2𝑥+1 5
+ =
2𝑥+1 𝑥−1 2
2(𝑥 2 + 1 − 2𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 + 1 + 4𝑥 ) = 5(2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 1)
T IO S I
10𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 10𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 5
NO A D
CO N
9𝑥 + 9 = 0
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A
9𝑥 = −9
T
ED PR
−9
𝑥=
9
C
𝑥 = −1
©
Hence, 𝑥 = −1.
Page No 4.20:
4 5 3
−3= , 𝑥 ≠ 0, −
𝑥 2𝑥+3 2
ANSWER:
4 5
−3=
𝑥 2𝑥+3
4−3𝑥 5
⇒ =
𝑥 2𝑥+3
⇒ (4 − 3𝑥 )(2𝑥 + 3) = 5𝑥
⇒ 8𝑥 + 12 − 6𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 = 5𝑥
⇒ −6𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 12 = 0
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 2) − 1(𝑥 + 2) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
T IO S
⇒ 𝑥 − 1 = 0 or 𝑥 + 2 = 0
I
⇒ 𝑥 = 1 or 𝑥 = −2
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.20:
T
ED PR

C
©
𝑥−4 𝑥−6 10
+ = ; 𝑥 ≠ 5, 7
𝑥−5 𝑥−7 3
ANSWER:
𝑥−4 𝑥−6 10
+ =
𝑥−5 𝑥−7 3
(𝑥−4)(𝑥−7)+(𝑥−6)(𝑥−5) 10
⇒ (𝑥−5)(𝑥−7)
=
3
𝑥 2 −11𝑥+28+𝑥 2 −11𝑥+30 10
⇒ =
𝑥 2 −12𝑥+35 3
2𝑥 2 −22𝑥+58 10
⇒ =
𝑥 2 −12𝑥+35 3
⇒ 3(2𝑥 2 − 22𝑥 + 58) = 10(𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 35)

⇒ 6𝑥 2 − 66𝑥 + 174 = 10𝑥 2 − 120𝑥 + 350
⇒ 4𝑥 2 − 54𝑥 + 176 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 27𝑥 + 88 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 − 16𝑥 + 88 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (2𝑥 − 11) − 8(2𝑥 − 11) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 8)(2𝑥 − 11) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 8 = 0 or 2𝑥 − 11 = 0
T IO S
⇒ 𝑥 = 8 or 𝑥 = 112
I
Hence, the factors are 8 and 112.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.20:
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
𝑥−2 𝑥−4 10
+ = ; 𝑥 ≠ 3, 5
C
𝑥−3 𝑥−5 3
©
ANSWER:
𝑥−2 𝑥−4 10
+ =
𝑥−3 𝑥−5 3
𝑥−2 10 𝑥−4
⇒ − =−
𝑥−3 3 𝑥−5
3(𝑥−2)−10(𝑥−3) 𝑥−4
⇒ =−
3(𝑥−3) 𝑥−5
3𝑥−6−10𝑥+30 𝑥−4
⇒ =−
3𝑥−9 𝑥−5
7𝑥−24 𝑥−4
⇒− =−
3𝑥−9 𝑥−5
⇒ (7𝑥 − 24)(𝑥 − 5) = (3𝑥 − 9)(𝑥 − 4)

⇒ 7𝑥 2 − 59𝑥 + 120 = 3𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 + 36
⇒ 4𝑥 2 − 38𝑥 + 84 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 + 42 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 42 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 (𝑥 − 6) − 7(𝑥 − 6) = 0
⇒ (2𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 − 6) = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 − 7 = 0 or 𝑥 − 6 = 0
T IO S
⇒ 𝑥 = 72 or 𝑥 = 6
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.20:
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
5+𝑥 5−𝑥 3
− = 3 ; 𝑥 ≠ 5, −5
5−𝑥 5+𝑥 4
C
ANSWER:
©
5+𝑥 5−𝑥 3
− =3
5−𝑥 5+𝑥 4
(5+𝑥)2 −(5−𝑥)2 15
⇒ (5+𝑥)(5−𝑥)
=
4
25+𝑥 2 +10𝑥−25−𝑥 2 +10𝑥 15

⇒ =
25−𝑥 2 4
20𝑥 15
⇒ =
25−𝑥 2 4
4𝑥 3
⇒ =
25−𝑥 2 4
⇒ 16𝑥 = 75 − 3𝑥 2
⇒ 3𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 75 = 0
⇒ 3𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 − 9𝑥 − 75 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (3𝑥 + 25) − 3(3𝑥 + 25) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 3)(3𝑥 + 25) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 3 = 0 or 3𝑥 + 25 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 3 or 𝑥 = −253
T IO S
Page No 4.20:
I
NO A D
CO N
3 1 2 1
− = , 𝑥 ≠ −1,
A
𝑥+1 2 3𝑥−1 3
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
3 1 2
T
− =
ED PR
𝑥+1 2 3𝑥−1
6−(𝑥+1) 2
⇒ =
2(𝑥+1) 3𝑥−1
C
6−𝑥−1 2
©
⇒ =
2𝑥+2 3𝑥−1
⇒ (5 − 𝑥 )(3𝑥 − 1) = 2(2𝑥 + 2)
⇒ 15𝑥 − 5 − 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 4
⇒ −3𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 5 − 4𝑥 − 4 = 0
⇒ −3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 9 = 0
⇒ 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥 + 3 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) − 1(𝑥 − 3) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 1 = 0 or 𝑥 − 3 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 1 or 𝑥 = 3
Page No 4.20:
T IO S
I
3 4 29 1
+ = ; 𝑥 ≠ 1, −1,
𝑥+1
NO A D
𝑥−1 4𝑥−1 4
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
3 4 29
+ =
DO U A
𝑥+1 𝑥−1 4𝑥−1
T
3(𝑥−1)+4(𝑥+1) 29
ED PR
⇒ (𝑥+1)(𝑥−1)
=
4𝑥−1
3𝑥−3+4𝑥+4 29
⇒ =
C
𝑥 2 −1 4𝑥−1
©
7𝑥+1 29
⇒ =
𝑥 2 −1 4𝑥−1
⇒ (7𝑥 + 1)(4𝑥 − 1) = 29(𝑥 2 − 1)

⇒ 28𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 1 = 29𝑥 2 − 29
⇒ 29𝑥 2 − 28𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 28 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 28 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 28 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 7) − 4(𝑥 + 7) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 7) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 4 = 0 or 𝑥 + 7 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 4 or 𝑥 = −7
Page No 4.20:
2 3 23
+ = ; 𝑥 ≠ 0, −1, 2
𝑥+1 2(𝑥−2) 5𝑥
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
2 3 23
+
NO A D =
CO N
𝑥+1 2(𝑥−2) 5𝑥
A
4(𝑥−2)+3(𝑥+1) 23
⇒ =
PY
2(𝑥−2)(𝑥+1) 5𝑥
DO U A
4𝑥−8+3𝑥+3 23
T
⇒ =
2(𝑥 2 +𝑥−2𝑥−2)
ED PR
5𝑥
7𝑥−5 23
⇒ =
2𝑥 2 −2𝑥−4 5𝑥
C
⇒ 5𝑥 (7𝑥 − 5) = 23(2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 4)
©
⇒ 35𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 = 46𝑥 2 − 46𝑥 − 92

⇒ 46𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 2 − 46𝑥 + 25𝑥 − 92 = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 − 92 = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 2 − 44𝑥 + 23𝑥 − 92 = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 (𝑥 − 4) + 23(𝑥 − 4) = 0
⇒ (11𝑥 + 23)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 + 23 = 0 or 𝑥 − 4 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = −2311 or 𝑥 = 4
Page No 4.20:
Question 36: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorisation:
𝑥 2 − (√3 + 1)𝑥 + √3 = 0
ANSWER:
Consider the equation 𝑥 2 − (√3 + 1)𝑥 + √3 = 0
T IO S
⇒ 𝑥 2 − (√3 + 1)𝑥 + √3 = 0
I
NO A D
⇒ 𝑥 2 − √3𝑥 − 𝑥 + √3 = 0
CO N
A
⇒ 𝑥(𝑥 − √3) − 1(𝑥 − √3) = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ (𝑥 − √3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ (𝑥 − √3) = 0 or (𝑥 − 1) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = √3 or 𝑥 = 1
C
©
Page No 4.20:
3√5𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 − 10√5 = 0
ANSWER:
Consider the equation 3√5𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 − 10√5 = 0
⇒ 3√5𝑥 2 + 30𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 10√5 = 0
⇒ 3√5𝑥(𝑥 + 2√5) − 5(𝑥 + 2√5) = 0
⇒ (3√5𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 2√5) = 0
⇒ (3√5𝑥 − 5) = 0 or (𝑥 + 2√5) = 0
√5
⇒𝑥= or 𝑥 = −2√5
3
Page No 4.20:
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
√3𝑥 2 − 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
√3𝑥 2 − 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0

⇒ √3𝑥 2 − 3√2𝑥 + √2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
C
©
⇒ √3𝑥(𝑥 − √6) + √2(𝑥 − √6) = 0
⇒ (√3𝑥 + √2)(𝑥 − √6) = 0
⇒ √3𝑥 + √2 = 0 or 𝑥 − √6 = 0
2
⇒ 𝑥 = √ or 𝑥 = √6
3
2
Hence, the factors are √6 and −√ .
3
Page No 4.20:
Question 39:
Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:
4√3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
4√3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
T IO S
4√3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
I
NO A D
4𝑥(√3 + 2) − √3(√3𝑥 + 2) = 0
CO N
A
(√3 + 2)(4𝑥 − √3) = 0
PY
DO U A
Therefore,
T
ED PR
√3𝑥 + 2 = 0
√3𝑥 = −2
C
©
−2
𝑥=
√3
or,
4𝑥 − √3 = 0
4𝑥 = √3
√3
𝑥=
4
−2 √3
√3 4
Page No 4.20:
√2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2√2 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
√2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2√2 = 0
√2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2√2 = 0
T IO S
√2𝑥(𝑥 − 2√2) + 1(𝑥 − 2√2) = 0
I
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 2√2)(√2𝑥 + 1) = 0
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A
𝑥 − 2√2 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑥 = 2√2
or,
C
©
√2𝑥 + 1 = 0
√2𝑥 = −1
−1
𝑥=
√2
−1
Hence, 𝑥 = 2√2 or 𝑥 = .
√2
Page No 4.20:
Question 41: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorisation:
𝑥2 − (√2 + 1)𝑥 + √2 = 0
ANSWER:
Consider the equation 𝑥 2 − (√2 + 1)𝑥 + √2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − √2𝑥 − 𝑥 + √2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥(𝑥 − √2) − 1(𝑥 − √2) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − √2) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 1 = 0 or 𝑥 − √2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 1 or 𝑥 = √2
T IO S I
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
3𝑥 2 − 2√6𝑥 + 2 = 0
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
We have been given
C
©
3𝑥 2 − 2√6𝑥 + 2 = 0
3𝑥 2 − √6𝑥 − √6𝑥 + 2 = 0
√3𝑥(√3𝑥 − √2) − √2(√3𝑥 − √2) = 0
(√3𝑥 − √2)(√3𝑥 − √2) = 0
Therefore,
√3𝑥 − √2 = 0
√3𝑥 = √2
2
𝑥=√
3
or,
√3𝑥 − √2 = 0
√3𝑥 = √2
2
𝑥=√
3
2 2
Hence, 𝑥 = √ or 𝑥 = √ .
3 3
T IO S I
CO N
A
Question 43: Find the roots of the quadratic equation √2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 +
PY
DO U A
5√2 = 0.
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
We write, 7𝑥 = 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 as √2𝑥 2 × 5√2 = 10𝑥 2 = 5𝑥 × 2𝑥

C
∴ √2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 5√2 = 0
©
⇒ √2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 5√2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥(√2𝑥 + 5) + √2(√2𝑥 + 5) = 0
⇒ (√2𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + √2) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 + √2 = 0 or √2𝑥 + 5 = 0
5 5√2
⇒ 𝑥 = −√2 or 𝑥 = − =−
√2 2
5√2
Hence, the roots of the given equation are −√2 and − .
2
Page No 4.20:
𝑚 𝑛
𝑥2 + = 1 − 2𝑥
𝑛 𝑚
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑚 𝑛
𝑥2 + = 1 − 2𝑥
𝑛 𝑚
𝑚2 𝑥 2 +𝑛2
T IO S
= 1 − 2𝑥
𝑚𝑛
I
𝑚2 𝑛2 + 2𝑚𝑛𝑥 + (𝑛2 − 𝑚𝑛) = 0
NO A D
CO N
2
𝑚2 𝑥 2 + 𝑚𝑛𝑥 + 𝑚𝑛𝑥 + [𝑛2 − (√𝑚𝑛) ] = 0
A
PY
𝑚2 𝑥 2 + 𝑚𝑛𝑥 + 𝑚𝑛𝑥 + (𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛)(𝑛 − √𝑛𝑚) + (𝑚√𝑚𝑛𝑥 − 𝑚√𝑚𝑛𝑥) = 0
DO U A
T
[𝑚2 𝑥 2 + 𝑚𝑛𝑥 + 𝑚√𝑚𝑛𝑥] + [𝑚𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 √𝑚𝑛𝑥 + (𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛)(𝑛 − √𝑚𝑛)] = 0
ED PR
[𝑚2 𝑥 2 + 𝑚𝑛𝑥 + 𝑚√𝑚𝑛𝑥] + [(𝑚𝑛)(𝑛 − √𝑚𝑛) + (𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛)(𝑛 − √𝑚𝑛)] = 0

C
(𝑚𝑥)(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛) + (𝑛 − √𝑚𝑛)(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛) = 0

©
(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛)(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛) = 0
Therefore,
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛 = 0
𝑚𝑥 = −𝑛 − √𝑚𝑛
−𝑛−√𝑚𝑛
𝑥=
𝑚
or,
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 − √𝑚𝑛 = 0
𝑚𝑥 = −𝑛 + √𝑚𝑛
−𝑛+√𝑚𝑛
𝑥=
𝑚
−𝑛+√𝑚𝑛 −𝑛−√𝑚𝑛
𝑚 𝑚
Page No 4.20:
𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
+ = +
T IO S
𝑥−𝑏 𝑥−𝑎 𝑏 𝑎
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
We have been given
A
𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
+ = +
PY
𝑥−𝑏 𝑥−𝑎 𝑏 𝑎
DO U A
𝑥 2 +𝑎2 −2𝑎𝑥+𝑥 2 +𝑏2 −2𝑎𝑥 𝑎2 +𝑏2

T
=
ED PR
𝑥 2 −(𝑎+𝑏)𝑥+𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑏
2𝑎𝑏𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 2

C
−(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )

©
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 𝑥 = 0

𝑥 (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 (𝑥(𝑎 + 𝑏)) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥 (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 0
𝑥=0
or,
𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑏) = 0
𝑥 =𝑎+𝑏
Hence, 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 = 𝑎 + 𝑏.
Page No 4.21:
1 1 1 1
(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2)
+ (𝑥−2)(𝑥−3)
+ (𝑥−3)(𝑥−4)
=
6
ANSWER:
We have been given,
T IO S
1 1 1 1
I
(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2)
+ (𝑥−2)(𝑥−3)
+ (𝑥−3)(𝑥−4)
=
6
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥−3)(𝑥−4)+∗𝑥−1)(𝑥−4)+(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2) 1
A
=
(𝑥−1)(𝑥−4)(𝑥−2)(𝑥−3) 6
PY
DO U A
3(𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6) 1
(𝑥 2 −5𝑥+4)(𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6)
=
6
T
ED PR
18 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 14 = 0
C
©
𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 14 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 7) + 2(𝑥 − 7) = 0
(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 7) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥+2=0
𝑥 = −2
or,
𝑥−7=0
𝑥=7
Hence, 𝑥 = −2 or 𝑥 = 7.
Page No 4.21:
Question 47: Solve the following quadratic equation by factorization:
𝑎 𝑏
+ =2
𝑥−𝑏 𝑥−𝑎
ANSWER:
𝑎 𝑏
+ =2
𝑥−𝑏 𝑥−𝑎
T IO S
𝑎𝑥−𝑎2 +𝑏𝑥−𝑏2
⇒ =2
I
(𝑥−𝑎) (𝑥−𝑏)
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏 2 = 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑏𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑏
A
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑏𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑏 2 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 [−2𝑏 − 2𝑎 − 𝑎 − 𝑏] + 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥[𝑎 + 𝑏] + (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 0
C
©
⇒ 2𝑥 [𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)] − (𝑎 + 𝑏)[𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)] = 0

⇒ [2𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)][𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)] = 0
So, the value of x will be
𝑎+𝑏
𝑥= ,𝑎 + 𝑏
2
Page No 4.21:
𝑥+1 𝑥−2 2𝑥+3
+ =4− ; 𝑥 ≠ 1, −2, 2
𝑥−1 𝑥+2 𝑥−2
ANSWER:
𝑥+1 𝑥−2 2𝑥+3
+ =4−
𝑥−1 𝑥+2 𝑥−2
(𝑥+1)(𝑥+2)+(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2) 4(𝑥−2)−(2𝑥+3)
⇒ (𝑥−1)(𝑥+2)
=
𝑥−2
(𝑥 2 +2𝑥+𝑥+2)+(𝑥 2 −2𝑥−𝑥+2) 4𝑥−8−2𝑥−3

⇒ =
𝑥 2 +2𝑥−𝑥−2 𝑥−2
𝑥 2 +3𝑥+2+𝑥 2 −3𝑥+2 2𝑥−11
⇒ =
𝑥 2 +𝑥−2 𝑥−2
2𝑥 2 +4 2𝑥−11
⇒ =
T IO S
𝑥 2 +𝑥−2 𝑥−2
I
⇒ (2𝑥 2 + 4)(𝑥 − 2) = (2𝑥 − 11)(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2)
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 2𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 8 = 2𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 11𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 22
A
⇒ 2𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 8 = 2𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 22
PY
DO U A
⇒ 2𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 15𝑥 − 8 − 22 = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ 5𝑥 2 + 19𝑥 − 30 = 0
⇒ 5𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 30 = 0
C
©
⇒ 5𝑥 (𝑥 + 5) − 6(𝑥 + 5) = 0
⇒ (5𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 + 5) = 0
⇒ 5𝑥 − 6 = 0, 𝑥 + 5 = 0
6
⇒ 𝑥 = , 𝑥 = −5
5
Page No 4.21:
𝑎 𝑏 2𝑐
+ =
𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏 𝑥−𝑐
ANSWER:
We have been given,
𝑎 𝑏 2𝑐
(𝑥−𝑎)
+ (𝑥−𝑏) = (𝑥−𝑐)
𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑐) + 𝑏(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑐) = 2𝑐(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑏)

𝑎(𝑥 2 − (𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑏𝑐) + 𝑏(𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑐) = 2𝑐(𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏)
(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑐 )𝑥 2 − (2𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏𝑐)𝑥 = 0
𝑥 [(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑐)𝑥 − (2𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏𝑐)] = 0
T IO S
Therefore,
I
𝑥=0
NO A D
CO N
A
or,
PY
(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑐)𝑥 − (2𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏𝑐) = 0
DO U A
T
(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2𝑐)𝑥 = (2𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏𝑐)
ED PR
(2𝑎𝑏−𝑎𝑐−𝑏𝑐)
𝑥= (𝑎+𝑏−2𝑐)
C
(2𝑎𝑏−𝑎𝑐−𝑏𝑐)
Hence, 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 =
©
(𝑎+𝑏−2𝑐)
.
Page No 4.21:
x2 + 2ab = (2a + b)x

ANSWER:
We have been given
x2 + 2ab = (2a + b) x
𝑥 2 − (2𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑏 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑏 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 2𝑎) − 𝑏(𝑥 − 2𝑎) = 0
(𝑥 − 2𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑏) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥 − 2𝑎 = 0
𝑥 = 2𝑎
T IO S
or,
I
𝑥−𝑏 =0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥=𝑏
A
Hence, 𝑥 = 2𝑎 or 𝑥 = 𝑏.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.21:
C
©
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 2 − 4𝑎𝑏𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 0

ANSWER:
We have been given
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 2 − 4𝑎𝑏𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 0
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 𝑥(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 0
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥(𝑥 − 1) + (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 (𝑥 − 1) = 0
((𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 + (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 )(𝑥 − 1) = 0
Therefore,
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 + (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 0
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 𝑥 = −(𝑎 − 𝑏)2
𝑎−𝑏 2
𝑥 = −( )
𝑎+𝑏
or,
𝑥−1=0
𝑥=1
𝑎−𝑏 2
Hence, 𝑥 = − ( ) or 𝑥 = 1.
T IO S
𝑎+𝑏
I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.21:
A
PY
DO U A
T
𝑎(𝑥 2 + 1) − 𝑥 (𝑎2 + 1) = 0
ED PR
ANSWER:
C
We have been given

©
𝑎(𝑥 2 + 1) − 𝑥 (𝑎2 + 1) = 0
𝑎𝑥 2 − (𝑎2 + 1)𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0
𝑎𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0
𝑎𝑥 (𝑥 − 𝑎) − 1(𝑥 − 𝑎) = 0
(𝑎𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 𝑎) = 0
Therefore,
𝑎𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑎𝑥 = 1
1
𝑥=
𝑎
or,
𝑥−𝑎 =0
𝑥=𝑎
1
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = 𝑎.
𝑎
Page No 4.21:
T IO S
I
NO A D
x2 − x − a(a + 1) = 0
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
We have been given
T
x2 − x − 𝑎(𝑎 + 1) = 0
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 − (𝑎 + 1)𝑥 − 𝑎(𝑎 + 1) = 0
C
𝑥 (𝑥 + 𝑎) − (𝑎 + 1)(𝑥 + 𝑎) = 0
©
(𝑥 − (𝑎 + 1))(𝑥 + 𝑎) = 0
Therefore,
𝑥 − (𝑎 + 1) = 0
𝑥 = (𝑎 + 1)
or,
𝑥+𝑎 =0
𝑥 = −𝑎
Hence, 𝑥 = 𝑎 + 1 or 𝑥 = −𝑎.
Page No 4.21:
1
𝑥 2 + (𝑎 + ) 𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑎
ANSWER:
We have been given
T IO S
1
𝑥 2 + (𝑎 + ) 𝑥 + 1 = 0
I
𝑎
NO A D
CO N
Therefore,
A
1
𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑎
T 1
𝑥 (𝑥 + 𝑎) + (𝑥 + 𝑎) = 0
ED PR
𝑎
1
(𝑥 + ) (𝑥 + 𝑎) = 0
𝑎
C
©
Therefore,
1
𝑥+ =0
𝑎
1
𝑥=−
𝑎
or,
𝑥+𝑎 =0
𝑥 = −𝑎
1
Hence, 𝑥 = − or 𝑥 = −𝑎.
𝑎
Page No 4.21:
𝑎𝑏𝑥 2 + (𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑐)𝑥 − 𝑏𝑐 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
T IO S
𝑎𝑏𝑥 2 + (𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑐)𝑥 − 𝑏𝑐 = 0
I
𝑎𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑐𝑥 − 𝑏𝑐 = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑏𝑥 (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) + −𝑐 (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) = 0
PY
(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)(𝑏𝑥 − 𝑐) = 0
DO U A
T
Therefore,
ED PR
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0
C
𝑎𝑥 = −𝑏
©
𝑏
𝑥=−
𝑎
or,
𝑏𝑥 − 𝑐 = 0
𝑏𝑥 = 𝑐
𝑐
𝑥=
𝑏
𝑏 𝑐
Hence, 𝑥 = − or 𝑥 = .
𝑎 𝑏
Page No 4.21:
𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑥 − 𝑎2 𝑥 − 1 = 0
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑥 − 𝑎2 𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑏 2 𝑥(𝑎2 𝑥 + 1) − 1(𝑎2 𝑥 + 1) = 0
T IO S
(𝑏 2 𝑥 − 1)(𝑎2 𝑥 + 1) = 0
I
NO A D
Therefore,
CO N
A
𝑏2 𝑥 − 1 = 0
PY
𝑏2 𝑥 = 1
DO U A
T
1
𝑥=
ED PR
𝑏2
or,
C
𝑎2 𝑥 + 1 = 0
©
𝑎2 𝑥 = −1
1
𝑥=−
𝑎2
1 1
Hence, 𝑥 = or 𝑥 = − .
𝑏2 𝑎2
Page No 4.21:
𝑥−1 𝑥−3 1
+ = 3 , 𝑥 ≠ 2, 4
𝑥−2 𝑥−4 3
ANSWER:
We have been given
𝑥−1 𝑥−3 1
+ =3
𝑥−2 𝑥−4 3
3(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4 + 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6) = 10(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8)
4𝑥 2 − 30𝑥 + 50 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 25 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 25 = 0
T IO S
2𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) − 5(𝑥 − 5) = 0
I
(2𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
Therefore,
PY
2𝑥 − 5 = 0
DO U A
T
2𝑥 = 5
ED PR
5
𝑥=
2
C
or,
©
𝑥−5=0
𝑥=5
5
2
Page No 4.21:
1 1 1 1
= + +
2𝑎+𝑏+2𝑥 2𝑎 𝑏 2𝑥
ANSWER:
1 1 1 1
= + +
1 1 1 1
⇒ − = +
2𝑎−(2𝑎+𝑏+2𝑥) 2𝑥+𝑏
⇒ (2𝑎+𝑏+2𝑥)(2𝑎) =
2𝑏𝑥
−𝑏−2𝑥 2𝑥+𝑏
⇒ =
4𝑎2 +2𝑎𝑏+4𝑎𝑥 2𝑏𝑥
−1(2𝑥+𝑏) 2𝑥+𝑏
⇒ =
4𝑎2 +2𝑎𝑏+4𝑎𝑥 2𝑏𝑥
T IO S
⇒ −2𝑏𝑥 (2𝑥 + 𝑏) = (4𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑎𝑥 )(2𝑥 + 𝑏)
I
NO A D
⇒ (4𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑎𝑥 )(2𝑥 + 𝑏) + 2𝑏𝑥 (2𝑥 + 𝑏) = 0
CO N
A
⇒ (2𝑥 + 𝑏)(4𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑎𝑥 + 2𝑏𝑥 ) = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 2𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 or 4𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + (4𝑎 + 2𝑏)𝑥 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑏 4𝑎2 +2𝑎𝑏
⇒𝑥=− or 𝑥 = −
2 4𝑎+2𝑏
𝑏 𝑎(4𝑎+2𝑏)
C
⇒𝑥=− or 𝑥 = −
2 4𝑎+2𝑏
©
𝑏
⇒𝑥=− 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −𝑎
2
𝑏
Hence, the factors are −𝑎 and − .
2
Page No 4.21:
3𝑥−1 2𝑥+3 1 3
3( )−2( ) = 5; 𝑥 ≠ , −
2𝑥+3 3𝑥−1 3 2
ANSWER:
3𝑥−1 2𝑥+3
3( )−2( )=5
2𝑥+3 3𝑥−1
3(3𝑥−1)2 −2(2𝑥+3)2
⇒ (2𝑥+3)(3𝑥−1)
=5
3(9𝑥 2 +1−6𝑥)−2(4𝑥 2 +9+12𝑥)

⇒ =5
6𝑥 2 −2𝑥+9𝑥−3
27𝑥 2 +3−18𝑥−8𝑥 2 −18−24𝑥
⇒ =5
6𝑥 2 +7𝑥−3
⇒ 19𝑥 2 − 42𝑥 − 15 = 5(6𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 3)
T IO S
⇒ 19𝑥 2 − 42𝑥 − 15 = 30𝑥 2 + 35𝑥 − 15
I
NO A D
⇒ 30𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 2 + 35𝑥 + 42𝑥 − 15 + 15 = 0
CO N
A
⇒ 11𝑥 2 + 77𝑥 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 7) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 + 7 = 0
C
⇒ 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 = −7
©
Page No 4.21:
7𝑥+1 5𝑥−3 3 1
3( )−4( ) = 11; 𝑥 ≠ , −
5𝑥−3 7𝑥+1 5 7
ANSWER:
7𝑥+1 5𝑥−3
3( )−4( ) = 11
5𝑥−3 7𝑥+1
3(7𝑥+1)2 −4(5𝑥−3)2
⇒ (5𝑥−3)(7𝑥+1)
= 11
3(49𝑥 2 +1+14𝑥)−4(25𝑥 2 +9−30𝑥)

⇒ = 11
35𝑥 2 +5𝑥−21𝑥−3
147𝑥 2 +3+42𝑥−100𝑥 2 −36+120𝑥
⇒ = 11
35𝑥 2 −16𝑥−3
⇒ 47𝑥 2 + 162𝑥 − 33 = 11(35𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 3)
T IO S
⇒ 47𝑥 2 + 162𝑥 − 33 = 385𝑥 2 − 176𝑥 − 33
I
NO A D
⇒ 385𝑥 2 − 47𝑥 2 − 176𝑥 − 162𝑥 − 33 + 33 = 0
CO N
A
⇒ 338𝑥 2 − 338𝑥 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑥2 − 𝑥 = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 1) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 − 1 = 0
C
⇒ 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 = 1
©
Page No 4.21:
25
(𝑥 − 5) (𝑥 − 6) =
(24)2
ANSWER:
25
(𝑥 − 5) (𝑥 − 6) =
(24)2
25
𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 30 − =0
576
17255
𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + =0
576
145 119 17255
𝑥2 − 𝑥− 𝑥+ =0
24 24 576
145 119 145
𝑥 (𝑥 − )− (𝑥 − )=0
24 24 24
T IO S
119 145
(𝑥 − ) (𝑥 − )=0
I
24 24
NO A D
CO N
Therefore,
A
119
𝑥− =0
PY
DO U A
24
T 119
𝑥=
ED PR
24
or,
C
145
𝑥− =0
©
24
145
𝑥=
24
119 23 145 1
Hence, 𝑥 = =4 or 𝑥 = =6 .
24 24 24 24
Page No 4.21:
3 3
7𝑥 + = 35
𝑥 5
ANSWER:
We have been given,
3 3
7𝑥 + = 35
𝑥 5
3
7𝑥 2 + 3 = (35 + ) 𝑥
5
3
7𝑥 2 − (35 + ) 𝑥 + 3 = 0
5
Therefore,
3
7𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 − 𝑥 + 3 = 0
5
T IO S
3
7𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) − (𝑥 − 5) = 0
I
5
NO A D 3
(7𝑥 − ) (𝑥 − 5) = 0
CO N
5
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A
3
7𝑥 − = 0
T
5
ED PR
3
7𝑥 =
5
C
3
𝑥=
©
35
or,
𝑥−5=0
𝑥=5
3
35
Exercise 4.4
Page No 4.26:
Question 1: Find the roots of the following quadratic equations (if they
exist) by the method of completing the square.
𝑥 2 − 4√2𝑥 + 6 = 0
ANSWER:
T IO S
𝑥 2 − 4√2𝑥 + 6 = 0
I
NO A D
CO N
Now we take the constant term to the right hand side and we get
A
𝑥 2 − 4√2𝑥 = −6
PY
DO U A
Now add square of half of co-efficient of ‘x’ on both the sides. We have,
T
ED PR
2 2
𝑥 2 − 4√2𝑥(2√2) = (2√2) − 6
2
C
𝑥 2 + (2√2) − 2(2√2)𝑥 = 2
©
2
(𝑥 − 2√2) = 2
Since right hand side is a positive number, the roots of the equation exist.
So, now take the square root on both the sides and we get
𝑥 − 2√2 = ± √2
𝑥 = 2√2 ± √2
Now, we have the values of ‘x’ as
𝑥 = 2√2 + √2
= 3√2
Also we have,
𝑥 = 2√2 − √2
= √2
Therefore the roots of the equation are 3√2 and √2.
Page No 4.26:
T IO S
2x2 − 7x + 3 = 0
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
We have to find the roots of given quadratic equation by the method of
completing the square. We have,
PY
DO U A
2x2 − 7x + 3 = 0
T
ED PR
We should make the coefficient of 𝑥 2 unity. So,

7 3
𝑥2 − 𝑥 + = 0
C
2 2
©
Now shift the constant to the right hand side,

7 3
𝑥2 − 𝑥 = −
2 2
Now add square of half of coefficient of on both the sides,

7 7 2 3 7 2
𝑥2 − 2 ( ) 𝑥 + ( ) = − + ( )
4 4 2 4
We can now write it in the form of perfect square as,

7 2 3 49
(𝑥 − ) = − +
4 2 16
25
=
16
Taking square root on both sides,

7 25
(𝑥 − ) = √
4 16
So the required solution of 𝑥,

7 5
𝑥= ±
4 4
1
= 3,
2
T IO S
Page No 4.26:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
3𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 10 = 0
DO U A
T
ANSWER:
ED PR

C
3𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 10 = 0
©
Now divide throughout by 3. We get,

11 10
𝑥2 + 𝑥+ =0
3 3
Now take the constant term to the RHS and we get

10
𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 = −
3
11 11 2 11 2 10
𝑥2 + 𝑥+( ) =( ) −
3 6 6 3
2 11 2 11 1
𝑥 + ( ) + 2( )𝑥 =
6 3 36
11 2 1
(𝑥 + ) =
6 36
Since RHS is a positive number, therefore the roots of the equation exist.
11 1
𝑥+ =±
6 6
11 1
𝑥=− ±
6 6
T IO S I
11 1
𝑥=− +
NO A D
6 6
CO N
A
5
=−
3
PY
DO U A
Also we have,
T
11 1
ED PR
𝑥=− −
6 6
= −2
C
5
©
Therefore the roots of the equation are −2 and − .

3
Page No 4.26:
2x2 + x − 4 = 0
ANSWER:
2x2 + x − 4 = 0
1
𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 2 = 0
2

1
𝑥2 + 𝑥 = 2
2
2 1 1 2 1 2
𝑥 + 𝑥+( ) =( ) +2
2 4 4
1 2
T IO S
1 33
𝑥2 + ( ) + 2 ( ) 𝑥 =
4 4 16
I
NO A D 1 2 33
CO N
(𝑥 + ) =
A 4 16
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
1 √33
𝑥+ =±
4 4
C
−1±√33
𝑥=
©

−1+√33
𝑥=
4
Also we have,
−1−√33
𝑥=
4
√33−1 −1−√33
Therefore the roots of the equation are and .
4 4
Page No 4.26:
2x2 + x + 4 = 0
ANSWER:
2x2 + x + 4 = 0
T IO S
I
1
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 2 = 0
2
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
1
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 = −2
DO U A
2
T
ED PR
1 1 2 1 2
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + ( ) = ( ) − 2
C
2 4 4
©
2 1 2 1 −31
𝑥 + ( ) + 2( )𝑥 =
4 4 16
1 2 31
(𝑥 + ) = −
4 16
Since RHS is a negative number, therefore the roots of the equation do

not exist as the square of a number cannot be negative.
Therefore, the roots of the equation do not exist.
Page No 4.26:
4𝑥 2 + 4√3𝑥 + 3 = 0
ANSWER:
4𝑥 2 + 4√3𝑥 + 3 = 0
3
𝑥 2 + √3𝑥 + = 0
T IO S
4
I
NO A D
CO N
3
𝑥 2 + √3𝑥 = −
A
4
PY
DO U A
T 2 2
√3 √3 √3 3
ED PR
2
𝑥 + 2( )𝑥 + ( ) = ( ) −
2 2 2 4
2
√3 √3
C
2
𝑥 + 2( )𝑥 + ( ) =0
2 2
©
2
√3
(𝑥 + ) =0
2
√3
𝑥+ =0
2
√3
𝑥=−
2

√3
𝑥=−
2
Also we have,
√3
𝑥=−
2
√3 √3
Therefore the roots of the equation are − and − .
2 2
Page No 4.26:
√2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2√2 = 0
T IO S I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
A
√2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2√2 = 0
PY
DO U A
Now divide throughout by √2. We get,

T
ED PR
3
𝑥2 − 𝑥−2=0
√2
C

©
3
𝑥2 − 𝑥=2
√2
3 3 2 3 2
2
𝑥 − 𝑥+( ) =( ) +2
√2 2√2 2√2
3 2 3 25
𝑥2 + ( ) − 2( )𝑥 =
2√2 2√2 8
3 2 25
(𝑥 − ) =
2√2 8
3 5
𝑥− =±
2√2 2√2
3 5
𝑥= ±
2√2 2√2

3 5
𝑥= +
2√2 2√2
= 2√2
T IO S
Also we have,
I
3 5
𝑥= −
NO A D
2√2 2√2
CO N
A
1
=−
√2
PY
DO U A
1
Therefore the roots of the equation are 2√2 and − .
T
√2
ED PR
Page No 4.26:
C
©
√3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 7√3 = 0

ANSWER:
√3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 7√3 = 0
Now divide throughout by √3. We get,
10
𝑥2 + 𝑥+7=0
√3

10
𝑥2 + 𝑥 = −7
√3
10 10 2 10 2
2
𝑥 + 𝑥+( ) =( ) −7
√3 2√3 2√3
10 2 10 16
𝑥2 + ( ) + 2( )𝑥 =
2√3 2√3 12
10 2 16
(𝑥 + ) =
T IO S
2√3 12
I
NO A D
CO N
A
10 4
𝑥+ =±
PY
2√3 2√3
DO U A
10 4
T
𝑥=− ±
ED PR
2√3 2√3

C
10 4
𝑥= +
©
2√3 2 √3
= −√3
Also we have,
10 4
𝑥=− −
2√3 2√3
7
=−
√3
7
Therefore the roots of the equation are −√3 and − .
√3
Page No 4.26:
𝑥 2 − (√2 + 1)𝑥 + √2 = 0
ANSWER:
𝑥 2 − (√2 + 1)𝑥 + √2 = 0
𝑥 2 − (√2 + 1)𝑥 = −√2
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
2 2
√2+1 √2+1
A
2
𝑥 − (√2 + 1)𝑥 + ( ) = ( ) − √2
2 2
PY
DO U A
2
2 √2+1 √2+1 3−2√2
𝑥 + ( ) − 2( )𝑥 =
T
2 2 4
ED PR
2 2
√2+1 (√2−1)
(𝑥 − ) =
2 22
C
©
√2+1 √2−1
𝑥− = ±( )
2 2
√2+1 √2−1
𝑥= ±
2 2

√2+1 √2−1
𝑥= +
2 2
= √2
Also we have,
√2+1 √2−1
𝑥= −
2 2
=1
Therefore the roots of the equation are √2 and 1.
Page No 4.26:
T IO S
𝑥 2 − 4𝑎𝑥 + 4𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = 0
I
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
We have to find the roots of given quadratic equation by the method of
PY
DO U A
completing the square. We have,
T
𝑥 2 − 4𝑎𝑥 + 4𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = 0
ED PR
Now shift the constant to the right hand side,

C
𝑥 2 − 4𝑎𝑥 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2
©
Now add square of half of coefficient of on both the sides,

𝑥 2 − 2(2𝑎)𝑥 + (2𝑎)2 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 + (2𝑎)2
We can now write it in the form of perfect square as,
(𝑥 − 2𝑎)2 = 𝑏 2
Taking square root on both sides,
(𝑥 − 2𝑎) = √𝑏 2
So the required solution of 𝑥,
𝑥 = 2𝑎 ± 𝑏
= 2𝑎 + 𝑏, 2𝑎 − 𝑏
Exercise 4.5
Page No 4.32:
Question 1: Write the discriminant of the following quadratic equations:
(i) 2x2 − 5x + 3 = 0
(ii) x2 + 2x + 4 = 0
(iii) (x − 1) (2x − 1) = 0
(iv) x2 − 2x + k = 0, k ∈ R
T IO S
(v) √3𝑥 2 + 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
I
(vi) x2 − x + 1 = 0
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
We have to find the discriminant of the following quadratic equations
PY
DO U A
(i) We have been given, 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0

T
ED PR
Now we also know that for an equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, the

discriminant is given by the following equation:
C
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
©
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −5 and

𝑐 = 3.
Therefore, the discriminant is given as,
𝐷 = (−5)2 − 4(2)(3)
= 25 − 24
=1
Therefore, the discriminant of the equation is 1.
(ii) We have been given, 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 4 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2 and
𝑐 = 4.
𝐷 = (2)2 − 4(1)(4)
= 4 − 16
= −12
T IO S
Therefore, the discriminant of the equation is −12.
I
NO A D
(iii) We have been given, (𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 − 1) = 0
CO N
A
Now, simplify the equation to be represented in the quadratic form, so we
PY
DO U A
have
T
2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
ED PR
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 1 = 0
C
Now we also know that for an equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 , the

©

𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑐 = 1.
𝐷 = (−3)2 − 4(2)(1)
=9−8
=1
(iv) We have been given, 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑐 = 𝑘.
𝐷 = (−2)2 − 4(1)(𝑘)
T IO S
= 4 − 4𝑘
I
NO A D
Therefore, the discriminant of the equation is 4 − 4𝑘.
CO N
A
(v) We have been given, √3𝑥 2 + 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
C
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have,𝑎 = √3, 𝑏 =

©
2√2 and 𝑐 = −2√3.

2
𝐷 = (2√2) − 4(√3)(−2√3)
= 8 + 24
= 32
(vi) We have been given, 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑐 = 1.
𝐷 = (−1)2 − 4(1)(1)
=1−4
= −3
Therefore, the discriminant of the equation is −3.
T IO S I
CO N
A
Question 2: In the following, determine whether the given quadratic
PY
DO U A
equations have real roots and if so, find the roots:
T
(i) 16𝑥 2 = 24𝑥 + 1
ED PR
(ii) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2 = 0
C
(iii) √3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 8√3 = 0

©
(iv) 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 = 0
(v) 2𝑥 2 − 2√6𝑥 + 3 = 0
(vi) 3𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 8𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 4𝑏 2 = 0, 𝑎 ≠ 0
(vii) 3𝑥 2 + 2√5𝑥 − 5 = 0
(viii) 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
(ix) 2𝑥 2 + 5√3𝑥 + 6 = 0
(x) √2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 5√2 = 0
(xi) 2𝑥 2 − 2√2𝑥 + 1 = 0
(xii) 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2 = 0
ANSWER:
In the following parts we have to find the real roots of the equations
(i) We have been given,
16𝑥 2 = 24𝑥 + 1
16𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 − 1 = 0
T IO S
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
I
NO A D
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 16, 𝑏 = −24
CO N
A
and 𝑐 = −1.
PY
DO U A
T
𝐷 = (−24)2 − 1(16)(−1)
ED PR
= 576 + 64
C
= 640
©
Since, in order for a quadratic equation to have real roots, 𝐷 ≥ 0.Here we

find that the equation satisfies this condition, hence it has real roots.
Now, the roots of an equation are given by the following equation,
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎
Therefore, the roots of the equation are given as follows,

−(−24) ± √640
𝑥=
2(16)
24 ± 8√10
=
32
3 ± √10
=
4
Now we solve both cases for the two values of x. So, we have,
3+ √10
𝑥=
4
Also,
3−√10
𝑥=
4
T IO S
3+ √10 3− √10
Therefore, the roots of the equation are and
I
4 4
NO A D
(ii) We have been given, 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2 = 0
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
ED PR

𝑐 = 2.
C
©

𝐷 = (1)2 − 4(1)(2)
=1−8
= −7
find that the equation does not satisfies this condition, hence it does not
have real roots.
(iii) We have been given, √3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 8√3 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = √3, 𝑏 = 10 and
𝑐 = −8√3.
𝐷 = (10)2 − 4(√3)(−8√3)
= 100 + 96
T IO S
= 196
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
T
2𝑎
ED PR

−(10)± √196
C
𝑥=
2(√3)
©
−10±14
=
2√3
−5±7
=
√3
−5+7
𝑥=
√3
2
=
√3
Also,
−5−7
𝑥=
√3
= −4√3
2
Therefore, the roots of the equation are and −4√3.
√3
(iv) We have been given, 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 = 0

𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
T IO S
I
𝑐 = 2.
NO A D
CO N
A
𝐷 = (−2)2 − 4(3)(2)
PY
DO U A
= 4 − 24
T
ED PR
= −20
C
find that the equation does not satisfies this condition, hence it does not
©
have real roots.

(v) We have been given, 2𝑥 2 − 2√6𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −2√6
and 𝑐 = 3.
2
𝐷 = (−2√6) − 4(2)(3)
= 24 − 24
=0
find that the equation satisfies this condition, hence it has real and equal
roots.
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎
T IO S
−(2√6)±0
I
𝑥=
NO A D2(2)
CO N
A
−√6
=
2
PY
DO U A
3
= −√
T
2
ED PR
Therefore, the roots of the equation are real and equal and its value is
C
3
−√ .
©
(vi) We have been given, 3𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 8𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 4𝑏 2 = 0

𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 3𝑎2 , 𝑏 = 8𝑎𝑏
and 𝑐 = 4𝑏 2 .
𝐷 = (8𝑎𝑏)2 − 1(3𝑎2 )(4𝑏 2 )
= 64𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 48𝑎2 𝑏 2
= 16𝑎2 𝑏 2
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎
T IO S
I
−(8𝑎𝑏)±√16𝑎2 𝑏2
𝑥=
NO A D
2(3𝑎2 )
CO N
A
−8𝑎𝑏±4𝑎𝑏
=
6𝑎2
PY
DO U A
−4𝑏±2𝑏
=
T
3𝑎
ED PR
−4𝑏+2𝑏
C
𝑥=
3𝑎
©
2𝑏
=−
3𝑎
Also,
−4𝑏−2𝑏
𝑥=
3𝑎
−2𝑏
=
𝑎
2𝑏 2𝑏
Therefore, the roots of the equation are − and − .
3𝑎 𝑎
(vii) We have been given, 3𝑥 2 + 2√5𝑥 − 5 = 0

𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 2√5 and
𝑐 = −5.
2
𝐷 = (2√5) − 4(3)(−5)
= 20 + 60
T IO S
= 80
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
T
2𝑎
ED PR

−(2√5)±√80
C
𝑥=
2(3)
©
−2√5±4√5
=
2(3)
−√5±2√5
=
3
−√5+2√5
𝑥=
3
√5
=
3
Also,
−√5−2√5
𝑥=
3
= −√5
√5
Therefore, the roots of the equation are and −√5.
3
(viii) We have been given, 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0

𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
T IO S
I
𝑐 = 1.
NO A D
CO N
A
𝐷 = (−2)2 − 4(1)(1)
PY
DO U A
=4−4
T
ED PR
=0
C
©
roots.
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(−2)±√10
𝑥=
2(1)
2
=
2
=1
Therefore, the roots of the equation are real and equal and its value is 1.
(ix) We have been given, 2𝑥 2 + 5√3𝑥 + 6 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 5√3 and
𝑐 = 6.
T IO S
2
𝐷 = (5√3) − 4(2)(6)
I
NO A D
CO N
= 75 − 48
A
= 27
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
©
2𝑎

−(5√3)±√27
𝑥=
2(2)
−5√3±3√3
=
4
−5√3+3√3
𝑥=
4
−√3
=
2
Also,
−5√3−3√3
𝑥=
4
= −2√3
−√3
Therefore, the roots of the equation are and −2√3.
2
(x) We have been given, √2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 5√2

T IO S
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
I
NO A D
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = √2, 𝑏 = 7 and
CO N
A
𝑐 = 5√2.
PY
DO U A
T
𝐷 = (7)2 − 4(√2)(5√2)
ED PR
= 49 − 40 = 9
C

©
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(7)±√9
𝑥=
2(√2)
−7 ± 3
=
2√2
−7+ 3
𝑥=
2√2
= −√2
Also,
−7− 3
𝑥=
2√2
5
=−
√2
5
Therefore, the roots of the equation are − and −√2
√2
T IO S
(xi) We have been given, 2𝑥 2 − 2√2𝑥 + 1 = 0
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
PY
DO U A
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 =
T
ED PR
−2√2 and 𝑐 = 1.
C
2
𝐷 = (−2√2) − 4(2)(1)
©
=8−8
=0
roots.
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(2√2)±√0
𝑥=
2(2)
2√2
=
4
1
=
√2
1
Therefore, the roots of the equation are real and equal and its value is
√2
(xii) We have been given, 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2 = 0

T IO S
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑐 = 2.
PY
DO U A
T
𝐷 = (−5)2 − 4(3)(2)
ED PR
= 25 − 24
C
=1
©

−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(−5)±√1
𝑥=
2(3)
5±1
=
6
5+ 1
𝑥=
6
=1
Also,
5−1
𝑥=
6
2
=
3
2
T IO S
Therefore, the roots of the equation are and 1.
3
I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.32:
A
PY
Question 3: Solve for x:
DO U A
𝑥−1 𝑥−3 1
T
(i) + = 3 ; 𝑥 ≠ 2, 4
ED PR
𝑥−2 𝑥−4 3
1 1
(ii) − = 3, 𝑥 ≠ 0, 2
𝑥 𝑥−2
C
1
(iii) 𝑥 + = 3, 𝑥 ≠ 0
©
𝑥
16 15
(iv) −1= , 𝑥 ≠ 0, −1
𝑥 𝑥+1
1 1 1
(v) − = , 𝑥 ≠ 3, −5
𝑥−3 𝑥+5 6
ANSWER:
(i) We have been given,
𝑥−1 𝑥−3 1
+ = 3 ; 𝑥 ≠ 2, 4
𝑥−2 𝑥−4 3
Now we solve the above equation as follows,

(𝑥−1)(𝑥+4)+(𝑥−3)(𝑥−2) 10
(𝑥−2)(𝑥−4)
=
3
𝑥 2 −5𝑥+4+𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 10
=
𝑥 2 −6𝑥+8 3
6𝑥 2 − 30𝑥 + 30 = 10𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 + 80

4𝑥 2 − 30𝑥 + 50 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 25 = 0
T IO S
I
NO A D
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
CO N
A
Now, according to the equation given to us, we have, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −15
PY
and 𝑐 = 25.
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝐷 = (−15)2 − 4(2)(25)
C
= 225 − 200
©
= 25
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(−15)±√25
𝑥=
2(2)
15±5
=
4
15+5
𝑥=
4
=5
Also,
15−5
𝑥=
4
5
=
2
5
T IO S
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 = 5,
2
I
NO A D
(ii) We have been given,
CO N
A
1 1
− = 3, 𝑥 ≠ 0, 2
PY
𝑥 𝑥−2
DO U A
T
ED PR
(𝑥−2)−𝑥
=3
(𝑥−2)(𝑥)
−2
C
=3
𝑥 2 −2𝑥
©
−2 = 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥
3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑐 = 2.
𝐷 = (−6)2 − 4(3)(2)
= 36 − 24
= 12
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎
T IO S
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
I
2𝑎
NO A D
CO N
−(−6)±√12
=
A
2(3)
PY
6±2√3
DO U A
=
6
T
ED PR
3±√3
=
3
C
©
3+√3
𝑥=
3
Also,
3−√3
𝑥=
3
3+√3 3−√3
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 = ,
3 3
(iii) We have been given,

1
𝑥 + = 3,𝑥 ≠ 0
𝑥
Now, we solve the equation as follows:

𝑥 2 +1
=3
𝑥
𝑥 2 + 1 = 3𝑥
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
T IO S
I
𝑐 = 1.
NO A D
CO N
A
𝐷 = (−3)2 − 4(1)(1)
PY
DO U A
=9−4
T
ED PR
=5
C
−𝑏±√𝐷
©
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(−3)±√5
𝑥=
2(1)
3±√5
=
2
3+√5
𝑥=
2
Also,
3−√5
𝑥=
2
3+√5 3−√5
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 =
2 2
(iv) We have been given,
16 15
−1= , 𝑥 ≠ 0, −1
𝑥 𝑥+1
T IO S
16−𝑥 15
=
𝑥 𝑥+1
I
NO A D
⇒ (16 − 𝑥 )(𝑥 + 1) = 15𝑥
CO N
A
⇒ 16𝑥 + 16 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 = 15𝑥
PY
⇒ 15𝑥 + 16 − 𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 = 0
DO U A
T
⇒ 16 − 𝑥 2 = 0
ED PR
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 16 = 0
C

©

𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑐 = −16.
𝐷 = (0)2 − 4(1)(−16)
= 64
−𝑏±√𝐷
𝑥=
2𝑎

−0±√64
𝑥=
2(1)
±8
=
2
= ±4
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 = ±4.
1 1 1
(v) − = , 𝑥 ≠ 3, −5
𝑥−3 𝑥+5 6
T IO S
1 1 1
− =
𝑥−3 𝑥+5 6
I
NO A D
𝑥+5−𝑥+3
⇒ (𝑥−3)(𝑥+5) =
1
CO N
6
A
8 1
⇒ (𝑥−3)(𝑥+5) =
PY
6
DO U A
⇒ 48 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15
T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15 − 48 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 63 = 0
C
©
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 − 7𝑥 − 63 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 9) − 7(𝑥 + 9) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 + 9) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 7, −9
Exercise 4.6
Page No 4.41:
Question 1: Determine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic
equations:
(i) 2x2 − 3x + 5 = 0
(ii) 2x2 − 6x + 3 = 0
3 2
(iii) 𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
T IO S
5 3
2
(iv) 3𝑥 − 4√3𝑥 + 4 = 0
I
(v) 3𝑥 2 − 2√6𝑥 + 2 = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
(i) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 5 = 0
DO U A
T
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −3 and 𝑐 = 5
ED PR
As we know that 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐

C
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −3 and 𝑐 = 5

©
= (−3)2 − 4 × 2 × 5
= 9 − 40
= −31
Since, 𝐷 < 0
Therefore, root of the given equation are not real.
(ii) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 3 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −6 and 𝑐 = 3
= (−6)2 − 4 × 2 × 3
= 36 − 24
= 12
Since, 𝐷 < 0
Therefore, root of the given equation are real and distinct.
3 2
(iii) The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
5 3
T IO S I
⇒ 9𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 15 = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
Here, 𝑎 = 9, 𝑏 = −10 and 𝑐 = 15
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
= (−10)2 − 4 × 9 × 15
C
= 100 − 540
©
= −440
Since, 𝐷 < 0
(iv) The given quadric equation is 3𝑥 2 − 4√3𝑥 + 4 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = −4√3 and 𝑐 = 4
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = −4√3 and 𝑐 = 4
2
= (−4√3) − 4 × 3 × 4
= 48 − 48
=0
Since, 𝐷 = 0
Therefore, root of the given equation are real and equal.
(v) The given quadric equation is 3𝑥 2 − 2√6𝑥 + 2 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = −2√6 and 𝑐 = 2
T IO S
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = −2√6 and 𝑐 = 2
I
2
NO A D
= (−2√6) − 4 × 3 × 2
CO N
A
= 24 − 24
PY
DO U A
=0
T
Since, 𝐷 = 0
ED PR

C
©
Page No 4.41:
Question 2: Find the values of k for which the roots are real and equal in
each of the following equations:
(i) 𝑘𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
(ii) 𝑘𝑥 2 − 2√5𝑥 + 4 = 0
(iii) 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑘 = 0
(iv) 4𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0
(v) 2𝑘𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 25 = 0
(vi) 9𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
(vii) 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑘𝑥 + 1 = 0
(viii) 𝑥 2 − 2(5 + 2𝑘)𝑥 + 3(7 + 10𝑘) = 0
(ix) (3𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
(x) 𝑘𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 1 = −4𝑥 2 − 𝑥
(xi) (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 3)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 8) = 0
(xii) 𝑥 2 − 2𝑘𝑥 + 7𝑘 − 12 = 0
T IO S
(xiii) (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 − 2(3𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 8𝑘 + 1 = 0
I
(xiv) (2𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 3)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 5) = 0
NO A D
CO N
(xv) 4𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 4) = 0
A
(xvi) 4𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 1) = 0
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
(i) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are real

and equal
C
Then find the value of k.

©
Here, 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 4 and, 𝑐 = 1
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 4 and, 𝑐 = 1
= (4)2 − 4 × 𝑘 × 1
= 16 − 4𝑘
The given equation will have real and equal roots, if 𝐷 = 0
Thus,
16 − 4𝑘 = 0
4𝑘 = 16
𝑘=4
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 4
(ii) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 − 2√5𝑥 + 4 = 0, and roots are real
and equal
Here, 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = −2√5 and, 𝑐 = 4
T IO S I
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = −2√5 and, 𝑐 = 4
NO A D
CO N
2
= (2√5) − 4 × 𝑘 × 4
A
PY
= 20 − 16𝑘
DO U A
T
The given equation will have real and equal roots, if D = 0
ED PR
Thus,
5
C
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 =

4
©
(iii) The given quadric equation is 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑘 = 0, and roots are real

and equal
Here, 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = −5 and, 𝑐 = 2𝑘
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = −5 and, 𝑐 = 2𝑘
= (−5)2 − 4 × 3 × 𝑘
= 25 − 12𝑘
Thus,
25
24
(iv) The given quadric equation is 4𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0, and roots are real

and equal
Here, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 9
T IO S
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 9
I
= (𝑘)2 − 4 × 4 × 9
NO A D
CO N
= 𝑘 2 − 144
A
PY
DO U A
Thus,
T
ED PR
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = ±12

C
©
(v) The given quadric equation is 2𝑘𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 25 = 0, and roots are
real and equal
Here, 𝑎 = 2𝑘, 𝑏 = −40 and, 𝑐 = 25
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2𝑘, 𝑏 = −40 and, 𝑐 = 25
= (−40)2 − 4 × 2𝑘 × 25
= 1600 − 200𝑘
Thus,
1600 − 200𝑘 = 0
200𝑘 = 1600
1600
𝑘=
200
=8
T IO S
(vi) The given quadric equation is 9𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, and
I
roots are real and equal
NO A D
CO N
A
Here, 𝑎 = 9, 𝑏 = −24 and, 𝑐 = 𝑘
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 9, 𝑏 = −24 and, 𝑐 = 𝑘

= (−24)2 − 4 × 9 × 𝑘
C
©
= 576 − 36𝑘
Thus,

(vii) The given quadric equation is 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑘𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are real
and equal
Here, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −3𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 1
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −3𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 1
= (−3𝑘)2 − 4 × 4 × 1
= 9𝑘 2 − 16
Thus,
9𝑘 2 − 16 = 0
T IO S I
9𝑘 2 = 16
NO A D
CO N
16
A
𝑘=√
9
PY
DO U A
4
=±
T 3
ED PR
4
Therefore, the value of k = ±
3
(viii) The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 2(5 + 2𝑘)𝑥 + 3(7 + 10𝑘) = 0,

C
©
and roots are real and equal

Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2(5 + 2𝑘) and, 𝑐 = 3(7 + 10𝑘)
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2(5 + 2𝑘) and, 𝑐 = 3(7 + 10𝑘)
2
= (−2(5 + 2𝑘)) − 4 × 1 × 3(7 + 10𝑘)
= 4(25 + 20𝑘 + 4𝑘 2 ) − 12(7 + 10𝑘)
= 100 + 80𝑘 + 16𝑘 2 − 84 − 120𝑘
= 16 − 40𝑘 + 16𝑘 2
Thus,
16 − 40𝑘 + 16𝑘 2 = 0
8(2𝑘 2 − 5𝑘 + 2) = 0
(2𝑘 2 − 5𝑘 + 2) = 0
Now factorizing of the above equation
(2𝑘 2 − 5𝑘 + 2) = 0
T IO S I
2𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 − 𝑘 + 2 = 0
NO A D
CO N
2𝑘(𝑘 − 2) − 1(𝑘 − 2) = 0
A
(𝑘 − 2)(2𝑘 − 1) = 0
PY
DO U A
So, either
T
ED PR
(𝑘 − 2) = 0
𝑘=2
C
©
Or
(2𝑘 − 1) = 0
1
𝑘=
2
1
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 2,
2
(ix) The given quadric equation is (3𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, and
Here, 𝑎 = (3𝑘 + 1), 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 𝑘
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (3𝑘 + 1), 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 𝑘
2
= (2(𝑘 + 1)) − 4 × (3𝑘 + 1) × 𝑘
= 4(𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 1) − 4𝑘(3𝑘 + 1)
= 4𝑘 2 + 8𝑘 + 4 − 12𝑘 2 − 4𝑘
= −8𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 + 4
T IO S
Thus,
I
−8𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 + 4 = 0
NO A D
CO N
−4(2𝑘 2 − 𝑘 − 1) = 0
A
PY
(2𝑘 2 − 𝑘 − 1) = 0
DO U A
T
ED PR
(2𝑘 2 − 𝑘 − 1) = 0
2𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 + 𝑘 − 1 = 0
C
©
2𝑘(𝑘 − 1) + 1(𝑘 − 1) = 0
(𝑘 − 1)(2𝑘 + 1) = 0
So, either
(𝑘 − 1) = 0
𝑘=1
Or
(2𝑘 + 1) = 0
−1
𝑘=
2
−1
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 1,
2
(x) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 1 = −4𝑥 2 − 𝑥, and roots
are real and equal
Here,
𝑘𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 1 = −4𝑥 2 − 𝑥
4𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0
(4 + 𝑘)𝑥 2 + (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0
T IO S
So,
I
NO A D
𝑎 = (4 + 𝑘), 𝑏 = (𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 1
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (4 + 𝑘), 𝑏 = (𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 1
T
ED PR
= (𝑘 + 1)2 − 4 × (4 × 𝑘) × 1
= (𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 1) − 16 − 4𝑘
C
= 𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 − 15
©

Thus,
𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 − 15 = 0
𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 − 15 = 0
𝑘 2 − 5𝑘 + 3𝑘 − 15 = 0
𝑘(𝑘 − 5) + 3(𝑘 − 5) = 0
(𝑘 − 5)(𝑘 + 3) = 0
So, either
(𝑘 − 5) = 0
𝑘=5
Or
(𝑘 + 3) = 0
𝑘 = −3
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 5, −3
(xi) The given quadric equation is (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 3)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 8) =
T IO S
0, and roots are real and equal
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Here,
PY
DO U A
𝑎 = (𝑘 + 1), 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 3) and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 8
T
ED PR

Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑘 + 1), 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 3) and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 8
C
2
= (2(𝑘 + 3)) − 4 × (𝑘 + 1) × (𝑘 + 8)
©
= (4𝑘 2 + 24𝑘 + 36) − 4(𝑘 2 + 9𝑘 + 8)

= 4𝑘 2 + 24𝑘 + 36 − 4𝑘 2 − 36𝑘 − 32
= −12𝑘 + 4
−12𝑘 + 4 = 0
4
𝑘=
12
1
=
3
1
3
(xii) The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 2𝑘𝑥 + 7𝑘 − 12 = 0 , and roots
are real and equal
Here,
𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 7𝑥 − 12
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2𝑘 and 𝑐 = 7𝑘 − 12
T IO S
= (−2𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × (7𝑘 − 12)
I
NO A D
= 4𝑘 2 − 28𝑘 + 48
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
4𝑘 2 − 28𝑘 + 48 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑘 2 − 7𝑥 + 12 = 0
C
𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 − 3𝑘 + 12 = 0
©
𝑘(𝑘 − 4) − 3(𝑘 − 4) = 0
(𝑘 − 4)(𝑘 − 3) = 0
So, either
(𝑘 − 4) = 0
𝑘=4
Or
(𝑘 − 3) = 0
𝑘=3
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 4, 3
(xiii) The given quadric equation is (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 − 2(3𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 8𝑘 + 1,
Here,
𝑎 = 𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = −2(3𝑘 + 1) and, 𝑐 = 8𝑘 + 1
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = −2(3𝑘 + 1) and, 𝑐 = 8𝑘 + 1
T IO S
2
I
= (−2(3𝑘 + 1)) − 4 × (𝑘 + 1) × (8𝑘 + 1)
NO A D
CO N
= 4(9𝑘 2 + 6𝑘 + 1) − 4(8𝑘 2 + 9𝑘 + 1)
A
= 36𝑘 2 + 24𝑘 + 4 − 32𝑘 2 − 36𝑘 − 4
PY
DO U A
= 4𝑘 2 − 12𝑘
T
ED PR

4𝑘 2 − 12𝑘 = 0
C
©
𝑘 2 − 3𝑘 = 0
𝑘(𝑘 − 3) = 0
So, either
𝑘=0
Or
(𝑘 − 3) = 0
𝑘=3
(xiv) The given quadric equation is 5𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2 + 𝑘(4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 1) =
Here,
5𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2 + 𝑘(4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 1) = 0
5𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2 + 4𝑘𝑥 2 − 2𝑘𝑥 − 𝑘 = 0
(5 + 4𝑘)𝑥 2 − (4 + 2𝑘)𝑥 + (2 − 𝑘) = 0
T IO S
So,
I
NO A D
𝑎 = (5 + 4𝑘), 𝑏 = (4 + 2𝑘) and 𝑐 = (2 − 𝑘)
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (5 + 4𝑘), 𝑏 = (4 + 2𝑘) and 𝑐 = (2 − 𝑘)
T
ED PR
= {−(4 + 2𝑘)}2 − 4 × (5 + 4𝑘) × (2 − 𝑘)

= (16 + 16𝑘 + 4𝑘 2 ) − 4(10 + 3𝑘 − 4𝑘 2 )
C
= 16 + 16𝑘 + 4𝑘 2 − 40 − 12𝑘 + 16𝑘 2

©
= 20𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 − 24
Thus,
20𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 − 24 = 0
4(5𝑘 2 + 𝑘 − 6) = 0
(5𝑘 2 + 𝑘 − 6) = 0
(5𝑘 2 + 𝑘 − 6) = 0
5𝑘 2 + 6𝑘 − 5𝑘 − 6 = 0
𝑘(5𝑘 + 6) − 1(5𝑘 + 6) = 0
(5𝑘 + 6)(𝑘 − 1) = 0
So, either
(5𝑥 + 6) = 0
−6
𝑘=
5
or
T IO S
(𝑘 − 1) = 0
I
𝑘=1
NO A D
CO N
−6
A
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = ,1
5
PY
DO U A
(xv) The given quadric equation is (4 − 𝑘)𝑥 2 + (2𝑘 + 4)𝑥 + 8𝑘 + 1 =
T
ED PR

C
Here,
©
𝑎 = 4 − 𝑘, 𝑏 = (2𝑘 + 4) and, 𝑐 = 8𝑘 + 1
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4 − 𝑘, 𝑏 = (2𝑘 + 4) and, 𝑐 = 8𝑘 + 1
= (2𝑘 + 4)2 − 4 × (4 − 𝑘) × (8𝑘 + 1)
= (4𝑘 2 + 16𝑘 + 16) − 4(−8𝑘 2 + 31𝑘 + 4)
= 4𝑘 2 + 16𝑘 + 16 + 32𝑘 2 − 124𝑘 − 16
= 36𝑘 2 − 108𝑘 + 0
36𝑘 2 − 108𝑘 + 0 = 0
36(𝑘 2 − 3𝑘) = 0
(𝑘 2 − 3𝑘) = 0
𝑘(𝑘 − 3) = 0
So, either
𝑘=0
T IO S
Or
I
(𝑘 − 3) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑘=3
A
PY
DO U A
(xvi) The given quadric equation is (2𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 3)𝑥 + 𝑘 + 5,

T
ED PR

C
Here,
©
𝑎 = (2𝑘 + 1), 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 3) and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 5

Putting the value of 𝑎 = (2𝑘 + 1), 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 3) and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 5
= {2(𝑘 + 3)}2 − 4 × (2𝑘 + 1) × (𝑘 + 5)
= {4(𝑘 2 + 6𝑘 + 9)} − 4(2𝑘 2 + 11𝑘 + 5)
= 4𝑘 2 + 24𝑘 + 36 − 8𝑘 2 − 44𝑘 − 20
= −4𝑘 2 − 20𝑘 + 16
−4𝑘 2 − 20𝑘 + 16 = 0
−4(𝑘 2 + 5𝑘 − 4) = 0
(𝑘 2 + 5𝑘 − 4) = 0
Now factorizing the above equation
(𝑘 2 + 5𝑘 − 4) = 0
−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
𝑘=
2𝑎
−5±√25+16
𝑘=
T IO S
2
I
−5±√41
𝑘=
NO A D
2
CO N
A
So, either
PY
−5±√41
DO U A
2
T
ED PR
(xvii) The given quadric equation is 4𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 𝑘 + 4 = 0, and

C

©
Here,
𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 4
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 4
= {−2(𝑘 + 1)}2 − 4 × 4 × (𝑘 + 4)
={4(𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 1)} − 16(𝑘 + 4)
= 4𝑘 2 + 8𝑘 + 4 − 16𝑘 − 64
= 4𝑘 2 − 8𝑘 − 60
4𝑘 2 − 8𝑘 − 60 = 0
4(𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 − 15) = 0
(𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 − 15) = 0
(𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 − 15) = 0
𝑘 2 + 3𝑘 − 5𝑘 − 15 = 0
T IO S
𝑘(𝑘 + 3) − 5(𝑘 + 3) = 0
I
(𝑘 + 3)(𝑘 − 5) = 0
NO A D
CO N
So, either
A
(𝑘 + 3) = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑘 = −3
T
ED PR
Or
(𝑘 − 5) = 0
C
©
𝑘=5
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = −3, 5
(xviii) The given equation is 4𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + (𝑘 + 1) = 0 where 𝑎 =

4, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 + 1), 𝑐 = (𝑘 + 1)
As we know that
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 + 1), 𝑐 = (𝑘 + 1)
{−2(𝑘 + 1)}2 − 4 × 4 × (𝐾 + 1)
4(𝐾 + 1)2 − 16(𝐾 + 1)
(𝐾 + 1){4(𝐾 + 1) − 16}
(𝐾 + 1)(4𝐾 − 12)
4(𝐾 + 1)(𝐾 − 3)
For real and equal roots D = 0
4(𝐾 + 1)(𝐾 − 3) = 0
𝐾 = −1 or 𝑘 = 3
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = −1, 3
T IO S I
Page No 4.42:
NO A D
CO N
Question 3: In the following , determine the set of values of k for which
A
the given quadratic equation has real roots:
PY
(i) 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 (ii) 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
DO U A
T
(iii) 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 𝑘 = 0 (iv) 𝑘𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 1 = 0
ED PR
(v) 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
C
ANSWER:
©
(i) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, and roots are real.

Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 3 and 𝑐 = 𝑘
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 3 and 𝑐 = 𝑘
= (3)2 − 4 × 2 × 𝑘
= 9 − 8𝑘
The given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷 ≥ 0
9 − 8𝑘 ≥ 0
8𝑘 ≤ 9
9
𝑘≤
8
9
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤
8
(ii)
The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, and roots are real.
T IO S
I
NO A D
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 1, 𝑐 = 𝑘
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 1, 𝑐 = 𝑘
𝐷 = 1 − 8𝑘
T
ED PR

𝐷 = 1 − 8𝑘 ≥ 0
C
⇒ 8𝑘 ≤ 1
©
⇒ 𝑘 ≤ 18
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤ 18.
(iii) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 𝑘 = 0, and roots are real
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −5 and 𝑐 = −𝑘
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −5 and 𝑐 = −𝑘
= (−5)2 − 4 × 2 × (−𝑘)
= 25 + 8𝑘
25 + 8𝑘 ≥ 0
8𝑘 ≥ −25
25
𝑘≥−
8
25
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≥ −
8
(iv) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are real
T IO S
I
NO A D
Here, 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 6 and 𝑐 = 1
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 6 and 𝑐 = 1
T
= (6)2 − 4 × 𝑘 × 1
ED PR
= 36 − 4𝑘
C

©
36 − 4𝑘 ≥ 0
4𝑘 ≤ 36
36
𝑘≤
4
𝑘≤9
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤ 9
(v) The given quadric equation is 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, and roots are real.

Here, 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 2 and, 𝑐 = 𝑘
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 2 and, 𝑐 = 𝑘
= (2)2 − 4 × 3 × 𝑘
= 4 − 12𝑘
4 − 12𝑘 ≥ 0
T IO S
12𝑘 ≤ 4
I
4
𝑘≤
NO A D
12
CO N
1
A
≤
3
PY
DO U A
1
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤
3
T
ED PR
Page No 4.42:
C
©
Question 4: Find the values of k for which the following equations have
real and equal roots:
(i) 𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 𝑘 2 = 0
(ii) 𝑘 2 𝑥 2 − 2(2𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 4 = 0
(iii) (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0
(iv) 𝑥 2 + 𝑘(2𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 2 = 0
ANSWER:
(i) The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 𝑘 2 = 0, and roots are
real and equal
Here,
𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 + 1) and, 𝑐 = 𝑘 2
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 + 1) and, 𝑐 = 𝑘 2
= {−2(𝑘 + 1)}2 − 4 × 1 × 𝑘 2
= {4(𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 1)} − 4𝑘 2
= 4𝑘 2 + 8𝑘 + 4 − 4𝑘 2
T IO S
= 8𝑘 + 4
I
NO A D
CO N
8𝑘 + 4 = 0
A
8𝑘 = −4
PY
DO U A
−4
𝑘=
T
8
ED PR
−1
=
2
C
−1
©
(ii) The given quadric equation is 𝑘 2 𝑥 2 − 2(2𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 4 = 0, and roots

are real and equal
Here,
𝑎 = 𝑘 2 , 𝑏 = −2(2𝑘 − 1) and 𝑐 = 4
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘 2 , 𝑏 = −2(2𝑘 − 1) and 𝑐 = 4
= {−2(2𝑘 − 1)}2 − 4 × 𝑘 2 × 4
= {4(4𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 + 1)} − 16𝑘 2
= 16𝑘 2 − 16𝑘 + 4 − 16𝑘 2
= −16𝑘 + 4
−16𝑘 + 4 = 0
16𝑘 = 4
4
𝑘=
16
T IO S
1
=
I
4
NO A D
1
CO N
4
A
(iii) The given quadric equation is (𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 − 2(𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0, and
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Here,
C
𝑎 = 𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 − 1) and, 𝑐 = 1
©

Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 − 1) and, 𝑐 = 1
= {−2(𝑘 − 1)}2 − 4 × (𝑘 + 1) × 1
= {4(𝑘 2 − 2𝑘 + 1)} − 4𝑘 − 4
= 4𝑘 2 − 8𝑘 + 4 − 4𝑘 − 4
= 4𝑘 2 − 12𝑘 + 0
4𝑘 2 − 12𝑘 + 0 = 0
4𝑘 2 − 12𝑘 = 0
4𝑘(𝑘 − 3) = 0
𝑘(𝑘 − 3) = 0
So, either
𝑘=0
Or
(𝑘 − 3) = 0
T IO S I
𝑘=3
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 0, 3.
A
PY
DO U A
(iv) The given equation is 𝑥 2 + 𝑘(2𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 2 = 0.

T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘(𝑘 − 1) + 2 = 0
So, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2𝑘, 𝑐 = 𝑘(𝑘 − 1) + 2
C
©
We know 𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
⇒ 𝐷 = (2𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × [𝑘(𝑘 − 1) + 2]
⇒ 𝐷 = 4𝑘 2 − 4[𝑘 2 − 𝑘 + 2]
⇒ 𝐷 = 4𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 − 8
⇒ 𝐷 = 4𝑘 − 8 = 4(𝑘 − 2)
For equal roots, D = 0
Thus, 4(𝑘 − 2) = 0
So, 𝑘 = 2.
Page No 4.42:
Question 5: Find the values of k for which the following equations have
real roots
(i) 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 3 = 0 (ii) 𝑘𝑥 (𝑥 − 2) + 6 = 0
(iii) 𝑥 2 − 4𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 (iv) 𝑘𝑥(𝑥 − 2√5) + 10 = 0
(v) 𝑘𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) + 9 = 0 (vi) 4𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 3 = 0
ANSWER:
(i) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 3 = 0 , and roots are real
T IO S
and equal
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Here,
PY
DO U A
𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and 𝑐 = 3
T
ED PR
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and 𝑐 = 3

C
= 𝑘2 − 4 × 2 × 3
©
= 𝑘 2 − 24
𝑘 2 − 24 = 0
𝑘 2 = 24
𝑘 = √24
= √4 × 6
= ± 2√6
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = ± 2√6
(ii) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 (𝑥 − 2) + 6 = 0, and roots are real
and equal
Here,
𝑘𝑥 (𝑥 − 2) + 6 = 0
𝑘𝑥 2 − 2𝑘𝑥 + 6 = 0
So,
T IO S
𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = −2𝑘 and 𝑐 = 6
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = −2𝑘 and 𝑐 = 6
PY
DO U A
= (−2𝑘)2 − 4 × 𝑘 × 6
T
ED PR
= 4𝑘 2 − 24𝑘
C
4𝑘 2 − 24𝑘 = 0
©

4𝑘(𝑘 − 6) = 0
𝑘(𝑘 − 6) = 0
So, either
𝑘 = 0 or
(𝑘 − 6) = 0
𝑘=6
(iii) The given quadratic equation is 𝑥 2 − 4𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, and roots are real
and equal.
Here,
𝑥 2 − 4𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
So,
𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −4𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑘.
T IO S
I
NO A D
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −4𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑘.
CO N
A
𝐷 = (−4𝑘)2 − 4(1)(𝑘)
PY
DO U A
= 16𝑘 2 − 4𝑘
T
ED PR
The given equation will have real and equal roots, if D = 0.

So, 16𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 = 0
C
Now factorizing the above equation,

©
16𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 = 0
⇒ 4𝑘 (4𝑘 − 1) = 0
⇒ 4𝑘 = 0 or 4𝑘 − 1 = 0
1
⇒ 𝑘 = 0 or 𝑘 =
4
1
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 0, .
4
(iv) The given quadratic equation is 𝑘𝑥(𝑥 − 2√5) + 10 = 0, and roots

are real and equal.
Here,
𝑘𝑥(𝑥 − 2√5) + 10 = 0
⇒ 𝑘𝑥 2 − 2√5𝑘𝑥 + 10 = 0
So,
𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = −2√5𝑘 and 𝑐 = 10.
T IO S
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = −2√5𝑘 and 𝑐 = 10.
I
NO A D 2
𝐷 = (−2√5𝑘) − 4(𝑘)(10)
CO N
A
= 20𝑘 2 − 40𝑘
PY
DO U A
T
So, 20𝑘 2 − 40𝑘 = 0
ED PR

C
20𝑘 2 − 40𝑘 = 0
©
⇒ 20𝑘 (𝑘 − 2) = 0
⇒ 20𝑘 = 0 or 𝑘 − 2 = 0
⇒ 𝑘 = 0 or 𝑘 = 2
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 0, 2.
(v) The given quadratic equation is 𝑝𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) + 9 = 0, and roots are real

and equal.
Then find the value of p.
Here,
𝑝𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) + 9 = 0
⇒ 𝑝𝑥 2 − 3𝑝𝑥 + 9 = 0
So,
𝑎 = 𝑝, 𝑏 = −3𝑝 and 𝑐 = 9.
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑝, 𝑏 = −3𝑝 and 𝑐 = 9.
T IO S I
𝐷 = (−3𝑝)2 − 4(𝑝)(9)
NO A D
CO N
= 9𝑝2 − 36𝑝
A
PY
DO U A
So, 9𝑝2 − 36𝑝 = 0

T
ED PR

9𝑝2 − 36𝑝 = 0
C
©
⇒ 9𝑝(𝑝 − 4) = 0
⇒ 9𝑝 = 0 or 𝑝 − 4 = 0
⇒ 𝑝 = 0 or 𝑝 = 4
Therefore, the value of 𝑝 = 0, 4.
(vi) The given quadratic equation is 4𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 3 = 0, and roots are real

and equal.
Then find the value of p.
Here,
4𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 3 = 0
So,
𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 𝑝 and 𝑐 = 3.
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 𝑝 and 𝑐 = 3.
𝐷 = (𝑝)2 − 4(4)(3)
= 𝑝2 − 48
T IO S
I
So, 𝑝2 − 48 = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑝2 − 48 = 0
PY
DO U A
2
⇒ 𝑝2 − (4√3) = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ (𝑝 − 4√3)(𝑝 + 4√3) = 0
C
⇒ 𝑝 − 4√3 = 0 or 𝑝 + 4√3 = 0
©
⇒ 𝑝 = 4√3 or 𝑝 = −4√3
Therefore, the value of 𝑝 = ± 4√3.
Page No 4.42:
Question 6: Find the values of k for which the given quadratic equation
has real and distinct roots:
(a) kx2 + 2x + 1 = 0
(b) kx2 + 6x + 1 = 0
(c) x2 − kx + 9 = 0
ANSWER:
(i) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are real
and distinct
Here,
𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 2 and 𝑐 = 1
T IO S
𝐷 = (2)2 − 4 × 𝑘 × 1
I
NO A D
= 4 − 4𝑘
CO N
A
The given equation will have real and distinct roots, if 𝐷 > 0
PY
DO U A
4 − 4𝑘 > 0
T
ED PR

4 − 4𝑘 > 0
C
4𝑘 < 4
©
4
𝑘<
4
<1
Now according to question, the value of k less than 1
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 < 1
(ii) The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are real
and distinct.
Here,
𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 6 and 𝑐 = 1
𝐷 = (6)2 − 4 × 𝑘 × 1
= 36 − 4𝑘
36 − 4𝑘 > 0
T IO S
I
36 − 4𝑘 > 0
NO A D
CO N
4𝑘 < 36
A
36
PY
𝑘<
DO U A
4
T
<9
ED PR
Now according to question, the value of k less than 9

C

©
(iii) The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0, and roots are real

and distinct
Here,
𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and 𝑐 = 9
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and 𝑐 = 9
𝐷 = (𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × 9
= 𝑘 2 − 36
𝑘 2 − 36 > 0
𝑘 2 − 36 > 0
𝑘 2 > 36
𝑘 > √36 = ± 6
𝑘 < −6 or 𝑘 > 6
T IO S
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 < −6 or 𝑘 > 6
I
Page No 4.42:
NO A D
CO N
Question 7: For what value of k, (4 − 𝑘)𝑥 2 + (2𝑘 + 4)𝑥 + (8𝑘 + 1) =
A
0, is a perfect square.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
The given quadric equation is (4 − 𝑘)𝑥 2 + (2𝑘 + 4)𝑥 + (8𝑘 + 1) = 0,

C

©
Here, 𝑎 = (4 − 𝑘), 𝑏 = (2𝑘 + 4) and, 𝑐 = (8𝑘 + 1)

Putting the value of 𝑎 = (4 − 𝑘), 𝑏 = (2𝑘 + 4) and, 𝑐 = (8𝑘 + 1)
= (2𝑘 + 4)2 − 4 × (4 − 𝑘) × (8𝑘 + 1)
= 4𝑘 2 + 16𝑘 + 16 − 4(4 + 31𝑘 − 8𝑘 2 )
= 4𝑘 2 + 16𝑘 + 16 − 16 − 124𝑘 + 32𝑘 2
= 36𝑘 2 − 108𝑘 + 0
= 36𝑘 2 − 108𝑘
Thus,
36𝑘 2 − 108𝑘 = 0
18𝑘(2𝑘 − 6) = 0
𝑘(2𝑘 − 6) = 0
𝑘(2𝑘 − 6) = 0
T IO S
So, either
I
𝑘=0
NO A D
CO N
Or
A
(2𝑘 − 6) = 0
PY
DO U A
2𝑘 = 6
T
ED PR
6
𝑘=
2
C
𝑘=3
©
Page No 4.42:
Question 8: Find the least positive value of k for which the
equation x2 + kx + 4 = 0 has real roots.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 4 = 0, and roots are real.
Here,
𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 4
= (𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × 4
= 𝑘 2 − 16
𝑘 2 − 16 = 0
T IO S
I
𝑘 2 − 16 = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑘 2 = 16
A
PY
𝑘 = √16
DO U A
=±4
T
ED PR
Now according to question, the value of k is positive.

Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = 4.
C
©
Page No 4.42:
Question 9: Find the values of k for which the quadratic equation
(3𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0 has equal roots. Also, find the roots.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is (3𝑘 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0, and
roots are real and equal.
Then, find the value of k.
Here, 𝑎 = 3𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 1.
Putting the values of 𝑎 = 3𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = 2(𝑘 + 1) and 𝑐 = 1.
𝐷 = [2(𝑘 + 1)]2 − 4(3𝑘 + 1)(1)
= 4(𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 1) − 12𝑘 − 4
= 4𝑘 2 + 8𝑘 + 4 − 12𝑘 − 4
= 4𝑘 2 − 4𝑘
T IO S I
Thus, 4𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 = 0
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 4𝑘 (𝑘 − 1) = 0
A
⇒ 𝑘 = 0 or 𝑘 − 1 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑘 = 0 or 𝑘 = 1
T
ED PR
Therefore, the value of k is 0 or 1.

Now, for k = 0, the equation becomes
C
©
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) + 1(𝑥 + 1) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 1)2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = −1, −1
for 𝑘 = 1, the equation becomes
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
⇒ 4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
⇒ 2𝑥 (2𝑥 + 1) + 1(2𝑥 + 1) = 0
⇒ (2𝑥 + 1)2 = 0
1 1
⇒ 𝑥 = − ,−
2 2
1
Hence, the roots of the equation are −1 and − .
2
Page No 4.42:
Question 10: Find the values of p for which the quadratic equation
(2𝑝 + 1)𝑥 2 − (7𝑝 + 2)𝑥 + (7𝑝 − 3) = 0 has equal roots. Also, find
T IO S
these roots.
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
The given quadric equation is (2𝑝 + 1)𝑥 2 − (7𝑝 + 2)𝑥 + (7𝑝 − 3) = 0,
A
and roots are real and equal.
PY
DO U A
Then, find the value of p.
T
ED PR
Here, 𝑎 = 2𝑝 + 1, 𝑏 = −7𝑝 − 2 and 𝑐 = 7𝑝 − 3.

C
Putting the values of 𝑎 = 2𝑝 + 1, 𝑏 = −7𝑝 − 2 and 𝑐 = 7𝑝 − 3.

©
𝐷 = [−(7𝑝 + 2)]2 − 4(2𝑝 + 1)(7𝑝 − 3)

= (49𝑝2 + 28𝑝 + 4) − 4(14𝑝2 − 6𝑝 + 7𝑝 − 3)
= 49𝑝2 + 28𝑝 + 4 − 56𝑝2 − 4𝑝 + 12
= −7𝑝2 + 24𝑝 + 16
Thus, −7𝑝2 + 24𝑝 + 16 = 0

⇒ 7𝑝2 − 24𝑝 − 16 = 0
⇒ 7𝑝2 − 28𝑝 + 4𝑝 − 16 = 0
⇒ 7𝑝(𝑝 − 4) + 4(𝑝 − 4) = 0
⇒ (7𝑝 + 4)(𝑝 − 4) = 0
⇒ 7𝑝 + 4 = 0 or 𝑝 − 4 = 0
4
⇒ 𝑝 = − or 𝑝 = 4
7
4
Therefore, the value of p is 4 or − .
7
Now, for p = 4, the equation becomes
T IO S
9𝑥 2 − 30𝑥 + 25 = 0
I
NO A D
⇒ 9𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 − 15𝑥 + 25 = 0
CO N
A
⇒ 3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 5) − 5(3𝑥 − 5) = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ (3𝑥 − 5)2 = 0
T
5 5
ED PR
⇒𝑥= ,
3 3
4
for 𝑝 = − , the equation becomes
C
7
©
8
(− + 1) 𝑥 2 − (−4 + 2)𝑥 + (−4 − 3) = 0
7
−8+7
⇒( ) 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 7 = 0
7
⇒ −17𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 7 = 0
⇒ −𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 − 49 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 + 49 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 49 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 7) − 7(𝑥 − 7) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 7)2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 7, 7
5
Hence, the roots of the equation are and 7.
3
Page No 4.42:
Question 11: If −5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 − 15 =
0 and the quadratic equation 𝑝(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 ) + 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots, find the
value of k.
ANSWER:
T IO S
The given quadratic equation is 2𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 − 15 = 0, and one root is −5.
I
NO A D
Then, it satisfies the given equation.
CO N
A
2(−5)2 + 𝑝(−5) − 15 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 50 − 5𝑝 − 15 = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ −5𝑝 = −35
⇒𝑝=7
C
The quadratic equation 𝑝(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 ) + 𝑘 = 0, has equal roots.

©
Putting the value of p, we get

7(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 ) + 𝑘 = 0
⇒ 7𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 7, 𝑏 = 7 and 𝑐 = 𝑘.
Putting the values of 𝑎 = 7, 𝑏 = 7 and 𝑐 = 𝑘.
𝐷 = (7)2 − 4(7)(𝑘)
= 49 − 28𝑘
Thus, 49 − 28𝑘 = 0
⇒ 28𝑘 = 49
49
⇒𝑘=
28
7
⇒𝑘=
4
7
Therefore, the value of k is .
4
T IO S I
Page No 4.42:
NO A D
Question 12: If 2 is a root of the quadratic equation 3𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 − 8 = 0
CO N
A
and the quadratic equation 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑝𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots, find the
PY
value of k.
DO U A
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
The given quadratic equation is 3𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 − 8 = 0, and one root is 2.

C

©
3(2)2 + 𝑝(2) − 8 = 0
⇒ 12 + 2𝑝 − 8 = 0
⇒ 2𝑝 = −4
⇒ 𝑝 = −2
The quadratic equation 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑝𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, has equal roots.
Putting the value of p, we get
4𝑥 2 − 2(−2)𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
⇒ 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 4 and 𝑐 = 𝑘.
Putting the values of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 4 and 𝑐 = 𝑘.
𝐷 = (4)2 − 4(4)(𝑘)
= 16 − 16𝑘
Thus, 16 − 16𝑘 = 0
T IO S
⇒ 16𝑘 = 16
I
⇒𝑘=1
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the value of k is 1.
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.42:
T
ED PR
Question 13: If 1 is a root of the quadratic equation 3𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 − 2 = 0

and the quadratic equation a (𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 ) − 𝑏 = 0 has equal roots, find the
C
value of b.
©
ANSWER:
The given quadratic equation is 3𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 − 2 = 0, and one root is 1.
3(1)2 + 𝑎(1) − 2 = 0
⇒3+𝑎−2=0
⇒1+𝑎 =0
⇒ 𝑎 = −1
The quadratic equation 𝑎(𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 ) − 𝑏 = 0, has equal roots.
Putting the value of a, we get
−1(𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 ) − 𝑏 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0
Here, 𝐴 = 1, 𝐵 = 6 and 𝐶 = 𝑏.
As we know that 𝐷 = 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶
Putting the values of 𝐴 = 1, 𝐵 = 6 and 𝐶 = 𝑏.
𝐷 = (6)2 − 4(1)(𝑏)
T IO S
= 36 − 4𝑏
I
NO A D
CO N
Thus, 36 − 4𝑏 = 0
A
⇒ 4𝑏 = 36
PY
DO U A
⇒𝑏=9
T
ED PR
Therefore, the value of b is 9.

C
©
Page No 4.42:
Question 14: Find the value of p for which the quadratic equation
(𝑝 + 1)𝑥 2 − 6(𝑝 + 1)𝑥 + 3(𝑝 + 9) = 0, 𝑝 ≠ −1 has equal roots. Hence,
find the roots of the equation.
Disclaimer: There is a misprinting in the given question. In the question
'q' is printed instead of 9.
ANSWER:
The given quadratic equation (𝑝 + 1)𝑥 2 − 6(𝑝 + 1)𝑥 + 3(𝑝 + 9) = 0,
has equal roots.
Here, 𝑎 = 𝑝 + 1, 𝑏 = −6𝑝 − 6 and 𝑐 = 3𝑝 + 27.
Putting the values of 𝑎 = 𝑝 + 1, 𝑏 = −6𝑝 − 6 and 𝑐 = 3𝑝 + 27.
𝐷 = [−6(𝑝 + 1)]2 − 4(𝑝 + 1)[3(𝑝 + 9)]
= 36(𝑝2 + 2𝑝 + 1) − 12(𝑝2 + 10𝑝 + 9)
= 36𝑝2 − 12𝑝2 + 72𝑝 − 120𝑝 + 36 − 108
= 24𝑝2 − 48𝑝 − 72
Thus, 24𝑝2 − 48𝑝 − 72 = 0
T IO S I
⇒ 𝑝2 − 2𝑝 − 3 = 0
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 𝑝2 − 3𝑝 + 𝑝 − 3 = 0
A
⇒ 𝑝(𝑝 − 3) + 1(𝑝 − 3) = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ (𝑝 + 1)(𝑝 − 3) = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑝 + 1 = 0 or 𝑝 − 3 = 0
⇒ 𝑝 = −1 or 𝑝 = 3
C
©
Therefore, the value of p is −1, 3.

It is given that 𝑝 ≠ −1, thus 𝑝 = 3 only.
Now the equation becomes
4𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 36 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 9 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) − 3(𝑥 − 3) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 3)2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 3, 3
Hence, the root of the equation is 3.
Page No 4.42:
Question 15: Determine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic
equations:
(i) (𝑥 − 2𝑎)(𝑥 − 2𝑏) = 4𝑎𝑏
(ii) 9𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 − 24𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑𝑥 + 16𝑐 2 𝑑2 ,𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0
(iii) 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 1 = 0
T IO S
(iv) (𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
(i) The given quadric equation is (𝑥 − 2𝑎)(𝑥 − 2𝑏) = 4𝑎𝑏
A
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 4𝑥𝑏 − 4𝑥𝑏 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 = 0
T
ED PR
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑎 + 𝑏) and 𝑐 = 0

C
©
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑎 + 𝑏) and 𝑐 = 0

2
= (−2(𝑎 + 𝑏)) − 4 × 1 × 0
= 4(𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ) − 0
=4𝑎2 + 8𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑏 2
Since, 𝐷>0
(ii) The given quadric equation is 9𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 − 24𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑𝑥 + 16𝑐 2 𝑑2 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 9𝑎2 𝑏 2 , 𝑏 = −24𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 and 𝑐 = 16𝑐 2 𝑑2
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 9𝑎2 𝑏 2 , 𝑏 = −24𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 and 𝑐 = 16𝑐 2 𝑑2
= (24𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑)2 − 4 × 9𝑎2 𝑏 2 × 16𝑐 2 𝑑2
= (576𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 𝑑2 ) − 57𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 𝑑2
=0
Since, 𝐷 = 0
(iii) The given quadric equation is 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 1 = 0
T IO S I
Here, 𝑎 = 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏) and 𝑐 = 1
NO A D
CO N
A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏) and 𝑐 = 1
PY
DO U A
2
= (2(𝑎 + 𝑏)) − 4 × 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) × 1
T
ED PR
= (4𝑎2 + 4𝑏 2 + 8𝑎𝑏) − 8𝑎2 − 8𝑏 2

= 8𝑎𝑏 − 4𝑎2 − 4𝑏 2
C
©
Since, 𝐷 < 0
(iv) The given quadric equation is (𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 )𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = (𝑏 + 𝑐), 𝑏 = −(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) and 𝑐 = 𝑎
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑏 + 𝑐), 𝑏 = −(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) and 𝑐 = 𝑎
2
= (−(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)) − 4 × (𝑏 + 𝑐) × 𝑎
= (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏𝑐 + 2𝑐𝑎) − 4𝑎𝑏 − 4𝑐𝑎
= 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏𝑐 − 2𝑐𝑎
Since, 𝐷 > 0
Therefore, root of the given equation are real and unequal.
Page No 4.42:
Question 16: Determine the set of values of k for which the following
quadratic equation have real roots:
(i) 𝑥 2 − 𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0 (ii) 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 2 = 0
T IO S
(iii) 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑘𝑥 + 1 = 0 (iv) 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 − 4 = 0
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
(i) The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0, and roots are real
A
PY
DO U A
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 9
T
ED PR

Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 9
C
©
= (−𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × 9
= 𝑘 2 − 36
𝑘 2 − 36 ≥ 0
𝑘 2 ≥ 36
𝑘 ≥ √36 or 𝑘 ≤ −√36
𝑘 ≤ −6 or 𝑘 ≥ 6
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤ −6 or 𝑘 ≥ 6
(ii) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 2 = 0, and roots are real.
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 2
= (𝑘)2 − 4 × 2 × 2
= 𝑘 2 − 16
T IO S I
𝑘 2 − 16 ≥ 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑘 2 ≥ 16
A
𝑘 ≥ √16 or 𝑘 ≤ −√16
PY
DO U A
𝑘 ≤ −4 or 𝑘 ≥ 4
T
ED PR
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤ −4 or 𝑘 ≥ 4

(iii) The given quadric equation is 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑘𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are
C
real.
©

Here, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −3𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 1
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −3𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 1
= (−3𝑘)2 − 4 × 4 × 1
= 9𝑘 2 − 16
9𝑘 2 − 16 ≥ 0
9𝑘 2 ≥ 16
16
𝑘2 ≥
9
16
𝑘≥√
9
4 4
𝑘 ≤ − or 𝑘 ≥
3 3
4 4
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ≤ − or 𝑘 ≥
3 3
T IO S
(iv) The given quadric equation is 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 − 4 = 0, and roots are real
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = −4
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = −4

= (𝑘)2 − 4 × 2 × (−4)
C
= 𝑘 2 + 32
©
The given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷≥0

𝑘 2 + 32 ≥ 0
Since left hand side is always positive. So 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅
Page No 4.42:
Question 17: If the roots of the equation (𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑥 2 + (𝑐 − 𝑎)𝑥 +
(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 0 are equal, then prove that 2b = a + c.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is(𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑥 2 + (𝑐 − 𝑎)𝑥 + (𝑎 − 𝑏) = 0, and
roots are real
Then prove that 2𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑐.
Here,
𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐), 𝑏 = (𝑐 − 𝑎) and 𝑐 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐), 𝑏 = (𝑐 − 𝑎) and 𝑐 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)
T IO S
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
I
NO A D
= (𝑐 − 𝑎)2 − 4 × (𝑏 − 𝑐) × (𝑎 − 𝑏)
CO N
A
= 𝑐 2 − 2𝑐𝑎 + 𝑎2 − 4(𝑎𝑏 − 𝑏 2 − 𝑐𝑎 + 𝑏𝑐)
PY
DO U A
= 𝑐 2 − 2𝑐𝑎 + 𝑎2 − 4𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑏 2 + 4𝑐𝑎 − 4𝑏𝑐
T
ED PR
= 𝑐 2 + 2𝑐𝑎 + 𝑎2 − 4𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑏 2 − 4𝑏𝑐

= 𝑎2 + 4𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑐𝑎 − 4𝑎𝑏 − 4𝑏𝑐
C
As we know that 𝑎2 + 4𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑐𝑎 − 4𝑎𝑏 − 4𝑏𝑐) = (𝑎 + 𝑐 − 2𝑏)

©
𝐷 = (𝑎 + 𝑐 − 2𝑏)
The given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷 = 0
(𝑎 + 𝑐 − 2𝑏)2 = 0
Square root both side we get
√(𝑎 + 𝑐 − 2𝑏)2 = 0
𝑎 + 𝑐 − 2𝑏 = 0
𝑎 + 𝑐 = 2𝑏
Hence 2𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑏
Page No 4.43:
Question 18: If the roots of the equation (a2 + b2)x2 − 2 (ac + bd)x +
𝑎 𝑐
(c2 + d2) = 0 are equal, prove that = .
𝑏 𝑑
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is (a2 + b2) x2 − 2 (ac + bd) x + (c2 + d2) = 0,
and roots are real
𝑎 𝑐
Then prove that = .
T IO S
𝑏 𝑑
I
Here,
NO A D
𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = −2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑) and, 𝑐 = (𝑐 2 + 𝑑2 )
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ), 𝑏 = −2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑) and, 𝑐 = (𝑐 2 + 𝑑2 )
T
ED PR
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
= {−2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑)}2 − 4 × (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) × (𝑐 2 + 𝑑2 )
C
= 4(𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 + 𝑏 2 𝑑2 ) − 4(𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑑2

©
= 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 8𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 + 4𝑏 2 𝑑2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑑2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑑2

= −4𝑎2 𝑑2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 8𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑
= −4(𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑)
−4(𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 ) = 0
(𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑) = 0
(𝑎𝑑)2 + (𝑏𝑐)2 − 2(𝑎𝑑)(𝑏𝑐) = 0
(𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐)2 = 0
Square root both sides we get,
𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 = 0
𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐
𝑎 𝑐
=
𝑏 𝑑
𝑎 𝑐
Hence =
𝑏 𝑑
T IO S
Page No 4.43:
I
NO A D
Question 19: If the roots of the equations ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 and 𝑏𝑥 2 −
CO N
2√𝑎𝑐𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 are simultaneously real, then prove that b2 = ac.
A
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
The given equations are
ED PR
𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 …... (1)

𝑏𝑥 2 − 2√𝑎𝑐𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 …… (2)
C
©
Roots are simultaneously real

Then prove that 𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑐.
Let 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 be the discriminants of equation (1) and (2) respectively,
Then,
𝐷1 = (2𝑏)2 − 4𝑎𝑐
= 4𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
And
2
𝐷2 = (−2√𝑎𝑐) − 4 × 𝑏 × 𝑏
= 4𝑎𝑐 − 4𝑏 2
Both the given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷1 ≥ 0 and 𝐷2 ≥ 0
4𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 0
4𝑏 2 ≥ 4𝑎𝑐
𝑏 2 ≥ 𝑎𝑐 …… (3)
4𝑎𝑐 − 4𝑏 2 ≥ 0
4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 4𝑏 2
𝑎𝑐 ≥ 𝑏 2
T IO S
…... (4)
I
From equations (3) and (4) we get
NO A D
CO N
𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑐
A
Hence, 𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑐
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.43:
Question 20: If p, q is real and p ≠ q, then show that the roots of the
C
equation (p − q) x2 + 5(p + q) x − 2(p − q) = 0 are real and unequal.

©
ANSWER:
The quadric equation is (𝑝 + 𝑞 )𝑥 2 + 5(𝑝 + 𝑞 )𝑥 − 2(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) = 0
Here,
𝑎 = (𝑝 − 𝑞 ), 𝑏 = 5(𝑝 + 𝑞 ) and 𝑐 = −2(𝑝 − 𝑞 )
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑝 − 𝑞 ), 𝑏 = 5(𝑝 + 𝑞 ) and, 𝑐 = −2(𝑝 − 𝑞 )
𝐷 = {5(𝑝 + 𝑞 )}2 − 4(𝑝 − 𝑞 )(−2(𝑝 − 𝑞 ))
= 25(𝑝2 + 2𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2 ) + 8(𝑝2 − 2𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2 )
= 25𝑝2 + 50𝑝𝑞 + 25𝑞 2 + 8𝑝2 − 16𝑝𝑞 + 8𝑞 2
= 33𝑝2 + 34𝑝𝑞 + 33𝑞 2
Since, P and q are real and 𝑝 ≠ 𝑞, therefore, the value of 𝐷 ≥ 0.
Thus, the roots of the given equation are real and unequal.
Hence, proved
T IO S I
Page No 4.43:
NO A D
CO N
Question 21: If the roots of the equation (𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏)𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑐)𝑥 +
A
𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑐 = 0 are equal, prove that either a = 0 or a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
The given quadric equation is(𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏)𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑏2 − 𝑎𝑐 = 0, and

roots are equal.
C
Then prove that either 𝑎 = 0 or 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 = 3𝑎𝑏𝑐

©
Here,
𝑎 = (𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏), 𝑏 = −2(𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑐) and 𝑐 = (𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑐)
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏), 𝑏 = −2(𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑐) and 𝑐 = (𝑏2 − 𝑎𝑐)
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
= {−2(𝑎2 − 𝑏𝑐)}2 − 4 × (𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏) × (𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑐)
= 4(𝑎4 − 2𝑎2 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 ) − 4(𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑐 3 − 𝑎𝑏 3 + 𝑎2 𝑏𝑐)
= 4𝑎4 − 8𝑎2 𝑏𝑐 + 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 𝑎𝑐 3 + 4𝑎𝑏 3 − 4𝑎2 𝑏𝑐
= 4𝑎4 − 12𝑎2 𝑏𝑐 + 4𝑎𝑐 3 + 4𝑎𝑏 3
= 4𝑎(𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑐 )
4𝑎(𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑐 ) = 0
𝑎(𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑐 ) = 0
So, either
𝑎=0
T IO S
Or
I
(𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑐 ) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 = 3𝑎𝑏𝑐
A
Hence 𝑎 = 0 or 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 = 3𝑎𝑏𝑐
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.43:
Question 22: Show that the equation 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏2 )𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 1 = 0
C
has no real roots, when a ≠ b.

©
ANSWER:
The quadric equation is 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 1 = 0
Here,
𝑎 = 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏) and 𝑐 = 1
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏) and 𝑐 = 1
𝐷 = {2(𝑎 + 𝑏)}2 − 4 × 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) × 1
= 4(𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ) − 8(𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )
= 4𝑎2 + 8𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑏 2 − 8𝑎2 − 8𝑏 2
= 8𝑎𝑏 − 4𝑎2 − 4𝑏 2
𝐷 = −4(𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
= −4(𝑎 − 𝑏)2
We have,
𝑎≠𝑏
𝑎−𝑏 ≠0
T IO S
Thus, the value of 𝐷 < 0
I
Therefore, the roots of the given equation are not real
NO A D
CO N
Hence, proved
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.43:
T
ED PR
Question 23: Prove that both the roots of the equation (𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑏) +
(𝑥 − 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑐) + (𝑥 − 𝑐)(𝑥 − 𝑎) = 0 are real but they are equal only
C
when a = b = c.
©
ANSWER:
The quadric equation is (𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑏) + (𝑥 − 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑐) + (𝑥 − 𝑐)(𝑥 − 𝑎) = 0
Here,
After simplifying the equation
𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑥 2 − (𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑥 2 − (𝑐 + 𝑎)𝑥 + 𝑐𝑎 = 0
3𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 + (𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎) = 0
𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) and, 𝑐 = (𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎)
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) and, 𝑐 = (𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎)
𝐷 = {2(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 )}2 − 4 × 3 × (𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎)
= 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏𝑐 + 2𝑐𝑎) − 12(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎)
= 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏𝑐 + 2𝑐𝑎 − 3𝑎𝑏 − 3𝑏𝑐 − 3𝑐𝑎)
= 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑐𝑎)
𝐷 = 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑐𝑎)
= 2[2𝑎2 + 2𝑏 2 + 2𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑐 − 2𝑏𝑐]
T IO S
= 2[(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 + (𝑏 − 𝑐)2 + (𝑐 − 𝑎)2 ]
I
Since, 𝐷 > 0. So the solutions are real
NO A D
CO N
Let 𝑎 = 𝑏 = 𝑐
A
Then
PY
DO U A
𝐷 = 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑐𝑎)
T
ED PR
= 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑎𝑎 − 𝑏𝑏 − 𝑐𝑐)
= 4(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 − 𝑐 2 )
C
©
=4×0
Thus, the value of 𝐷 = 0
Therefore, the roots of the given equation are real and but they are equal
only when, 𝑎 = 𝑏 = 𝑐
Hence proved
Page No 4.43:
Question 24: If a, b, c are real numbers such that ac ≠ 0, then show that
at least one of the equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 and −ax2 + bx + c = 0 has
real roots.
ANSWER:
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 …... (1)
−𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 …… (2)
Roots are simultaneously real
Then,
T IO S I
𝐷1 = (𝑏)2 − 4𝑎𝑐
NO A D
CO N
= 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
A
And
PY
DO U A
𝐷2 = (𝑏)2 − 4 × (−𝑎) × 𝑐
T
ED PR
= 𝑏 2 + 4𝑎𝑐
Both the given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷1 ≥ 0 and 𝐷2 ≥ 0.
C
Thus,
©
𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 0
𝑏 2 ≥ 4𝑎𝑐 ...... (3)
And,
𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 0 …... (4)
Now given that 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are real number and 𝑎𝑐 ≠ 0as well as from
equations (3) and (4) we get
At least one of the given equation has real roots
Hence, proved
Page No 4.43:
Question 25: If the equation (1 + 𝑚2 )𝑥 2 + 2 𝑚𝑐𝑥 + (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 ) = 0 has
equal roots, prove that c2 = a2(1 + m2).
ANSWER:
The given equation (1 + 𝑚2 )𝑥 2 + 2 𝑚𝑐𝑥 + (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 ) = 0, has equal roots
Then prove that 𝑐 2 = (1 + 𝑚2 ).
Here,
𝑎 = (1 + 𝑚2 ), 𝑏 = 2𝑚𝑐 and, 𝑐 = (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )
T IO S
I
NO A D
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (1 + 𝑚2 ), 𝑏 = 2𝑚𝑐 and 𝑐 = (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )
CO N
A
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
PY
DO U A
= {2𝑚𝑐}2 − 4 × (1 + 𝑚2 ) × (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )
T
ED PR
= 4(𝑚2 𝑐 2 ) − 4(𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 + 𝑚2 𝑐 2 − 𝑚2 𝑎2
= 4𝑚2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑐 2 + 4𝑎2 − 4𝑚2 𝑐 2 + 4𝑚2 𝑎2
C
= 4𝑎2 + 4𝑚2 𝑎2 − 4𝑐 2
©

4𝑎2 + 4𝑚2 𝑎2 − 4𝑐 2 = 0
4𝑎2 + 4𝑚2 𝑎2 = 4𝑐 2
4𝑎2 (1 + 𝑚2 ) = 4𝑐 2
𝑎2 (1 + 𝑚2 ) = 𝑐 2
Hence, 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 (1 + 𝑚2 )
Exercise 4.7
Page No 4.51:
Question 1: Find two consecutive numbers whose squares have the sum
85.
ANSWER:
Let two consecutive numbers be x and (𝑥 + 1)
Then according to question
T IO S
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 1)2 = 85
I
NO A D
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 85
CO N
A
2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 85 + 1 = 0
PY
DO U A
2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 84 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 42 = 0
C
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 42 = 0
©
𝑥 (𝑥 + 7) − 6(𝑥 + 7) = 0
(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 6) = 0
(𝑥 + 7) = 0
𝑥 =−7
Or
(𝑥 − 6) = 0
𝑥=6
Since, x being a number,
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = −7 then
𝑥 + 1 = −7 + 1
= −6
And when 𝑥 = 6 then
𝑥+1=6+1
=7
T IO S
Thus, two consecutive number be either 6, 7 or −6, −7
I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.51:
A
Question 2: Divide 29 into two parts so that the sum of the squares of the
PY
DO U A
parts is 425.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
Let first numbers be x and other (29 − 𝑥 )
C

©
𝑥 2 + (29 − 𝑥 )2 = 425
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 + 841 = 425
2𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 + 841 = 425
2𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 + 841 − 425 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 + 416 = 0
𝑥 2 − 29𝑥 + 208 = 0
𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 13𝑥 + 208 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 16) − 13(𝑥 − 16) = 0
(𝑥 − 16)(𝑥 + 13) = 0
(𝑥 − 16) = 0
𝑥 = 16
Or
(𝑥 + 13) = 0
𝑥 = −13
T IO S
Since, 29 being a positive number, so x cannot be negative.
I
Therefore,
NO A D
CO N
When 𝑥 = 16 then
A
29 − 𝑥 = 29 − 16
PY
DO U A
= 13
T
ED PR
Thus, two consecutive number be 13, 16

C
©
Page No 4.51:
Question 3: Two squares have sides x cm and (x + 4) cm. The sum of
their areas is 656 cm2. Find the sides of the squares.
ANSWER:
Given that the sides of two square be x cm and (𝑥 + 4) cm
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 4)2 = 656
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16 = 656
2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16 − 656 = 0
2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 640 = 0
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 320 = 0
𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 − 16𝑥 − 320 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 20) − 16(𝑥 + 20) = 0
(𝑥 + 20)(𝑥 − 16) = 0
(𝑥 + 20) = 0
𝑥 = −20
T IO S
Or
I
(𝑥 − 16) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 = 16
A
Since, sides of the squares being a positive, so x cannot be negative.
PY
DO U A
Therefore,
T
ED PR
When 𝑥 = 16 then
𝑥 + 4 = 16 + 4
C
©
= 20
Thus, sides of the squares be 16 cm, 20 cm
Page No 4.51:
Question 4: The sum of two numbers is 48 and their product is 432. Find
the numbers.
ANSWER:
𝑥 (48 − 𝑥 ) = 432
48𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 432
𝑥 2 − 48𝑥 + 432 = 0
𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 − 12𝑥 + 432 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 36) − 12(𝑥 − 36) = 0
(𝑥 − 36)(𝑥 − 12) = 0
(𝑥 − 36) = 0
T IO S
𝑥 = 36
I
Or
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 12) = 0
A
𝑥 = 12
PY
DO U A
Thus, two number be 36, 12

T
ED PR
Page No 4.51:
C
©
Question 5: If an integer is added to its square, the sum is 90. Find the
integer with the help of quadratic equation.
ANSWER:
Let an integer be x.
𝑥 + 𝑥 2 = 90
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 90 = 0
𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 9𝑥 − 90 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 10) − 9(𝑥 + 10) = 0
(𝑥 + 10)(𝑥 − 9) = 0
(𝑥 + 10) = 0
𝑥 = −10
Or
(𝑥 − 9) = 0
𝑥=9
Thus, an integer be −10, 9
T IO S I
Page No 4.51:
NO A D
CO N
Question 6: Find the whole number which when decreased by 20 is equal
A
to 69 times the reciprocal of the number.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
Let the whole numbers be x.

C
1
(𝑥 − 20) = 69 ×
©
𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) = 69
𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 − 69 = 0
𝑥 2 − 23𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 69 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 23) + 2(𝑥 − 23) = 0
(𝑥 − 23)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
(𝑥 − 23) = 0
𝑥 = 23
Or
(𝑥 + 3) = 0
𝑥 = −3
Since, whole numbers being a positive, so x cannot be negative.
Thus, whole numbers be 23
Page No 4.51:
Question 7: Find two consecutive natural numbers whose product is 20.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
Let two consecutive numbers be x and (𝑥 + 1)
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥 (𝑥 + 1) = 20
PY
DO U A
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 20 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 20 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 5) − 4(𝑥 + 5) = 0
C
©
(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
(𝑥 + 5) = 0
𝑥 = −5
Or
(𝑥 − 4) = 0
𝑥=4
Since, x being a natural number,
Therefore, negative value is not possible
So when 𝑥 = 4 then
𝑥+1=4+1
=5
Thus, two consecutive numbers are 4, 5
Page No 4.51:
Question 8: The sum of squares of two consecutive odd positive integers
is 394. Find them.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
Let two consecutive odd positive integer be (2𝑥 − 1) and other (2𝑥 + 1)
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
(2𝑥 + 1)2 + (2𝑥 + 1)2 = 394
T
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 + 4𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 394
ED PR
8𝑥 2 + 2 = 394
C
8𝑥 2 = 394 − 2
©
392
𝑥2 =
8
𝑥 2 = 49
𝑥 = √49
=±7
Since, x being a positive number, so x cannot be negative.
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 5 then odd positive
2𝑥 − 1 = 2 × 7 − 1
= 13
And
2𝑥 + 1 = 2 × 7 + 1
= 15
Thus, two consecutive odd positive integer be 13, 15
Page No 4.51:
Question 9: The sum of two numbers is 8 and 15 times the sum of their
reciprocals is also 8. Find the numbers.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
1 1
{ + (8−𝑥)} × 15 = 8
𝑥
T
ED PR
8−𝑥+𝑥 8
{ }=
𝑥(8−𝑥) 15
C
1 8 1
{ }= ×
©
𝑥(8−𝑥) 15 8
𝑥 (8 − 𝑥 ) = 15
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 15 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) − 3(𝑥 − 5) = 0
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
(𝑥 − 5) = 0
𝑥=5
Or
(𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥=3
Thus, two consecutive number be 3, 5
Page No 4.51:
Question 10: The sum of a number and its positive square root is 6/25.
Find the number.
ANSWER:
Let first numbers be x
T IO S
6
𝑥 + √𝑥 =
I
25
NO A D
CO N
Let 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 then
A
6
𝑦2 + 𝑦 =
PY
DO U A
25
25𝑦 2 + 25𝑦 = 6
T
ED PR
25𝑦 2 + 25𝑦 − 6 = 0
25𝑦 2 + 30𝑦 − 5𝑦 − 6 = 0
C
©
5𝑦(5𝑦 + 6) − 1(5𝑦 + 6) = 0
(5𝑦 + 6)(5𝑦 − 1) = 0
(5𝑥 + 6) = 0
−6
𝑦=
5
Or
(5𝑦 − 1) = 0
1
𝑥=
5
Since, being a positive number, so y cannot be negative.

Therefore,
𝑥 = 𝑦2
1 2
=( )
5
1
=( )
25
1
Thus, the required number be ( )
25
T IO S
Page No 4.51:
I
Question 11: The sum of a number and its square is 63/4, find the
NO A D
CO N
numbers.
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
Let first numbers be x
T
ED PR

63
𝑥 + 𝑥2 =
C
4
©
Let 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 then
4(𝑥 + 𝑥 2 ) = 63
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 63 = 0
4𝑥 2 + 18𝑥 − 14𝑥 − 63 = 0
2𝑥 (2𝑥 + 9) − 7(2𝑥 + 9) = 0
(2𝑥 + 9)(2𝑥 − 7) = 0
(2𝑥 + 9) = 0
9
𝑥=−
2
Or
(2𝑥 − 7) = 0
7
𝑥=
2
7 −9
Thus, the required number be ,
2 2
Page No 4.52:
Question 12: There are three consecutive integers such that the square of
T IO S
the first increased by the product of the other two gives 154. What are the
I
integers?
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
Let three consecutive integer be 𝑥, (𝑥 + 1) and (𝑥 + 2)
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 154
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 = 154
C
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 − 154 = 0
©
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 152 = 0
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 152 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 19𝑥 − 152 = 0
2𝑥(𝑥 − 8) + 19(𝑥 − 8) = 0
(𝑥 − 8)(2𝑥 + 19) = 0
(𝑥 − 8 ) = 0
𝑥=8
Or
(2𝑥 + 19) = 0
−19
𝑥=
2

Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 8 then other positive integer
𝑥+1=8+1
=9
T IO S
And
I
𝑥+2=8+2
NO A D
CO N
A
= 10
PY
Thus, three consecutive positive integer be 8, 9, 10
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.52:
Question 13: The product of two successive integral multiples of 5 is 300.
C
©
Determine the multiples.

ANSWER:
Let the successive integer multiples of 5 be 5𝑥 and 5(𝑥 + 1)
5𝑥 × 5(𝑥 + 1) = 300
25(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 ) = 300
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 = 12
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) + 4(𝑥 − 3) = 0
(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
Therefore,
(𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥=3
Or
(𝑥 + 4) = 0
T IO S
𝑥 = −4
I
When 𝑥 = 3 then integer
NO A D
CO N
5𝑥 = 5 × 3
A
= 15
PY
DO U A
5(𝑥 + 1) = 5(3 + 1)
T
ED PR
=5×4
= 20
C
©
And when 𝑥 = −4 then integer

5𝑥 = 5 × −4
= −20
5(𝑥 + 1) = 5(−4 + 1)
= 5 × (−3)
= −15
Thus, three consecutive positive integer be 15, 20 𝑜𝑟 − 20, −15
Page No 4.52:
Question 14: The sum of the squares of two numbers is 233 and one of
the number is 3 less than twice the other number. Find the numbers.
ANSWER:
Let the numbers be integers. One of the numbers be x. So, the other will
be (2𝑥 − 3).
Then according to question,
𝑥 2 + (2𝑥 − 3)2 = 233
T IO S
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 = 233
I
NO A D
5𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 − 233 = 0
CO N
A
5𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 224 = 0
PY
5𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 28𝑥 − 244 = 0
DO U A
T
5𝑥(𝑥 − 8) + 28(𝑥 − 8) = 0
ED PR
(𝑥 − 8)(5𝑥 + 28) = 0
C
(𝑥 − 8) = 0
©
𝑥=8
Or
(5𝑥 + 28) = 0
−28
𝑥=
5
Since, we have assumed the numbers to be integers, so x cannot be a

rational number/fraction.
Therefore, for x = 8
Other number =
(2𝑥 − 3) = 2 × 8 − 3
= 16 − 3
= 13
Thus, whole numbers be 8, 13.
Page No 4.52:
T IO S
Question 15: Find the consecutive even integers whose squares have the
sum 340.
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
Let two consecutive even integer be 2𝑥 and other (2𝑥 + 2)
PY
DO U A
T
(2𝑥 )2 + (2𝑥 + 2)2 = 340
ED PR
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 4 = 340
C
8𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 340 − 4
©
8𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 336 = 0
8𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 336 = 0
8(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 42) = 0
(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 42) = 0
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 42 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 7) − 6(𝑥 + 7) = 0
(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
(𝑥 + 7) = 0
𝑥 = −7
Or
(𝑥 − 6) = 0
𝑥=6
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 6 then even integer
T IO S I
2𝑥 = 2 × 6
NO A D
CO N
= 12
A
And
PY
DO U A
2𝑥 + 2 = 2 × 6 + 2
T
ED PR
= 14
Thus, two consecutive odd positive integer be 12, 14
C
©
Page No 4.52:
Question 16: The difference of two numbers is 4. If the difference of their
4
reciprocal is , find the numbers.
21
ANSWER:
Let one numbers be x then other (𝑥 + 4).
1 1 4
− (𝑥+4) =
𝑥 21
𝑥+4−𝑥 4
=
𝑥(𝑥+4) 21
4 4
(𝑥 2 +4𝑥)
=
21
By cross multiplication
4𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 = 84
4𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 84 = 0
4(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 21) = 0
(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 21) = 0
T IO S I
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 21 = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥 (𝑥 + 7) − 3(𝑥 + 7) = 0
PY
(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
DO U A
T
(𝑥 + 7) = 0
ED PR
𝑥 = −7
C
Or
©
(𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥=3
Therefore,
𝑥 + 4 = −7 + 4
= −3
𝑥+4=3+4
=7
Thus, two consecutive number be either 7, 3 𝑜𝑟 − 7, −3
Page No 4.52:
Question 17: Find two natural numbers which differ by 3 and whose
squares have the sum 17.
ANSWER:
T IO S
Let one natural number be 𝑥 and other (𝑥 − 3).
I
NO A D
CO N
A
(𝑥 )2 + (𝑥 − 3)2 = 117
PY
DO U A
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 117
T
2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 − 117 = 0
ED PR
2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 108 = 0
C
©
2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 108 = 0
2(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 54) = 0
(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 54) = 0
𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 54 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 9) + 6(𝑥 + 9) = 0
(𝑥 − 9)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 9) = 0
𝑥=9
Or
(𝑥 + 6) = 0
𝑥 = −6
Since, x being a natural number, so x cannot be negative.
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 9 then even integer
𝑥−3=9−3
T IO S I
=6
NO A D
CO N
Thus, two natural number be 9, 6
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.52:
T
ED PR
Question 18: The sum of the squares of three consecutive natural number
is 149. Find the numbers.
C
ANSWER:
©

𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 1)2 + (𝑥 + 2)2 = 149
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 149
3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 5 − 149 = 0
3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 144 = 0
3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 144 = 0
3(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 48) = 0
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 48 = 0
𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 48 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 8) − 6(𝑥 + 8) = 0
(𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 − 6) = 0
(𝑥 + 8) = 0
𝑥 = −8
Or
T IO S
(𝑥 − 6) = 0
I
𝑥=6
NO A D
CO N
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
𝑥+1=6+1
=7
C
©
And
𝑥+2=6+2
=8
Page No 4.52:
Question 19: The sum of two numbers is 16. The sum of their reciprocals
is 1/3. Find the numbers.
ANSWER:
Let one numbers be x then other (16 − 𝑥 ).
1 1 1
+ (16−𝑥) =
𝑥 3
16−𝑥+𝑥 1
=
𝑥(16−𝑥) 3
16 1
(16𝑥−𝑥 2 )
=
3
T IO S
16𝑥 + 𝑥 2 = 48
I
𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 48 = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 2 − 12 − 4𝑥 − 48 = 0
A
𝑥 (𝑥 − 12) − 4(𝑥 − 12) = 0
PY
DO U A
(𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
T
ED PR
(𝑥 − 12) = 0
𝑥 = 12
C
©
Or
(𝑥 − 4) = 0
𝑥=4
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 12 then
16 − 𝑥 = 16 − 12
=4
Thus, two consecutive number be either 4, 12
Page No 4.52:
Question 20: Determine two consecutive multiples of 3 whose product is
270.
ANSWER:
Let the required number be 3𝑥 and (3𝑥 + 3)
(3𝑥 )(3𝑥 + 3) = 270
T IO S
9𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 − 270 = 0
I
NO A D
9(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 30) = 0
CO N
A
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 30 = 0
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 30 = 0
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 30 = 0
C
𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) + 6(𝑥 − 5) = 0
©
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 5) = 0
𝑥=5
Or
(𝑥 + 6) = 0
𝑥 = −6
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 5 then positive integer
3𝑥 = 3 × 5
= 15
And
3𝑥 + 3 = 3 × 5 + 3
= 18
Thus, three consecutive positive integer be 15, 18
T IO S
Page No 4.52:
I
Question 21: The sum of a number and its reciprocal is 17/4. Find the
number. NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
1
Let a numbers be x and its reciprocal is
T 𝑥
ED PR

1 17
𝑥+ =
C
𝑥 4
©
𝑥 2 +1 17
=
𝑥 4
4𝑥 2 + 4 = 17𝑥
4𝑥 2 − 17𝑥 + 4 = 0
4𝑥 2 − 17𝑥 + 4 = 0
4𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 16𝑥 + 4 = 0
𝑥 (4𝑥 − 1) − 4(4𝑥 − 1) = 0
(4𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
(4𝑥 − 1) = 0
1
𝑥=
4
Or
(𝑥 − 4) = 0
𝑥=4
1
Thus, two consecutive number be either 4 or
4
T IO S
Page No 4.52:
I
NO A D
Question 22: A two-digit number is such that the product of its digits is
CO N
A
8. When 18 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their
places. Find the number.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
8
Let the tens digit be 𝑥, then, the unit digits =
𝑥
8
C
Therefore, number = (10𝑥 + )

𝑥
©
8
And number obtained by interchanging the digits = (10 × + 𝑥)
𝑥

8 8
(10𝑥 + ) − (10 × + 𝑥) = 18
𝑥 𝑥
8 8
(10𝑥 + ) − (10 × + 𝑥) = 18
𝑥 𝑥
(10𝑥 2 +8)−(80+𝑥 2 )
= 18
𝑥
10𝑥 2 +8−80−𝑥 2
= 18
𝑥
9𝑥 2 −72
= 18
𝑥
9𝑥 2 − 72 = 18𝑥
9𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 − 72 = 0
9(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8) = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 = 0
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 8 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 4) + +2(𝑥 − 4) = 0
T IO S
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
I
(𝑥 − 4) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥=4
A
Or
PY
DO U A
(𝑥 + 2) = 0
T
ED PR
𝑥 = −2
So the digit can never be negative.
C
©
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 4 then the unit digits is
8
=
𝑥
8
=
4
=2
And therefore the number is
8
= (10𝑥 + )
𝑥
= (10 × 4 + 2)
= 42
Thus, the required number be 42
Page No 4.52:
Question 23: A two-digit number is such that the product of digit is 12.
When 36 is added to the number the digits interchange their places.
Determine the number.
ANSWER:
T IO S
12
Let the tens digit be 𝑥 then, the unit digits =
I
𝑥
NO A D 12
CO N
𝑥
A
12
PY
And number obtained by interchanging the digits = (10𝑥 × + 𝑥)
DO U A
𝑥
T
ED PR
12 12
(10𝑥 + ) + 36 = (10𝑥 × + 𝑥)
𝑥 𝑥
C
12 120
(10𝑥 + ) + 36 = ( + 𝑥)
©
𝑥 𝑥
12 120
(10𝑥 + )−( + 𝑥) + 36 = 0
𝑥 𝑥
(10𝑥 2 +12)−(120+𝑥 2 )+36𝑥
=0
𝑥
10𝑥 2 + 12 − 120 − 𝑥 2 + 36𝑥 = 0

9(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 12) = 0
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 2) + 6(𝑥 − 2) = 0
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 2) = 0
𝑥=2
Or
(𝑥 + 6) = 0
𝑥 = −6
So, the digit can never be negative.
T IO S
Therefore,
I
When 𝑥 = 2 then the unit digits
NO A D
CO N
12
=
A
𝑥
PY
12
DO U A
=
2
T
= 6.
ED PR
And number
C
12
= (10𝑥 + )
©
= (10 × 2 + 6)
= 26
Page No 4.52:
Question 24: A two-digit number is such that the product of the digits is
16. When 54 is subtracted from the number, the digits are interchanged.
Find the number.
ANSWER:
16
Let the tens digit be 𝑥 then the unit digits =
𝑥
16
𝑥
16
And number obtained by interchanging the digits = (10𝑥 × + 𝑥)
𝑥
16 16
T IO S
(10𝑥 + ) − (10𝑥 × + 𝑥) = 54
𝑥 𝑥
I
16
NO A D
(10𝑥 + 6) − (10𝑥 × + 𝑥) = 54
CO N
𝑥
A
(10𝑥 2 +16)−(160+𝑥 2 )
= 54
PY
𝑥
DO U A
10𝑥 2 +16−160−𝑥 2
T
= 54
ED PR
𝑥
9𝑥 2 −144
= 54
𝑥
C
9𝑥 2 − 144 = 54𝑥
©
9𝑥 2 − 54𝑥 − 144 = 0
9(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 16) = 0
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 16 = 0
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 16 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 8) + 2(𝑥 − 8) = 0
(𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
(𝑥 − 8) = 0
𝑥=8
Or
(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 = −2
So the digit can never be negative.
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 8 then the unit digits
16
T IO S
=
𝑥
I
16
=
NO A D
CO N
8
A
= 2.
PY
DO U A
And the number is
T
16
ED PR
= (10𝑥 + )
𝑥
= (10 × 8 + 2)
C
©
= 82
Page No 4.52:
Question 25: Two number differ by 3 and their product is 504. Find the
numbers.
ANSWER:
Let two required numbers be x and (𝑥 + 3)
𝑥 (𝑥 + 3) = 504
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 504 = 0
𝑥 2 + 24𝑥 − 21𝑥 − 504 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 24) − 21(𝑥 + 24) = 0
(𝑥 + 24)(𝑥 − 21) = 0
(𝑥 + 24) = 0
𝑥 = −24
T IO S
Or
I
(𝑥 − 21) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 = 21
A
PY
DO U A
Therefore,
T
ED PR

𝑥 + 3 = −24 + 3
C
©
= −21
𝑥 + 3 = 21 + 3
= 24
Thus, two consecutive number be either 21, 24 or − 21, −24
Page No 4.52:
Question 26: Two number differ by 4 and their product is 192. Find the
numbers.
ANSWER:
Let two required numbers be x and (𝑥 + 4)
𝑥 (𝑥 + 4) = 192
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 192 = 0
𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 12𝑥 − 192 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 16) − 12(𝑥 + 16) = 0
T IO S
(𝑥 + 16)(𝑥 − 12) = 0
I
Or
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 12) = 0
A
𝑥 = 12
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
Therefore,
C
©
𝑥 + 4 = −16 + 4
= −12
𝑥 + 4 = 12 + 4
= 16
Thus, two consecutive number be either 12, 16 or −16, −12
Page No 4.52:
Question 27: A two-digit number is 4 times the sum of its digits and twice
the product of its digits. Find the number.
ANSWER:
Let the require digit be = (10 + 𝑦)
(10𝑥 + 𝑦) = 4(𝑥 + 𝑦)
(10𝑥 + 𝑦) = 4𝑥 + 4𝑦
10𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 0
T IO S I
6𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 0
NO A D
CO N
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 0
A
2𝑥 = 𝑦 .….. (1)
PY
DO U A
And, (10𝑥 + 𝑦) = 2𝑥𝑦 .…..(2)

T
ED PR
Now putting the value of y in equation (2) from (1)

(10𝑥 + 2𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 × 2𝑥
C
4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 = 0
©
4𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) = 0
So, either
𝑥=0
Or
(𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥=3
So, the digit can never be negative.
When 𝑥 = 3 then
𝑦 = 2𝑥
=2×3
=6
Therefore, number
= 10𝑥 + 𝑦
= 10 × 3 + 6
T IO S
= 36
I
Thus, the required number be 36.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.52:
PY
DO U A
Question 28: The difference of the squares of two positive integers is 180.
T
ED PR
The square of the smaller number is 8 times the larger, find the numbers.
ANSWER:
C
Let the larger number be x.

©
Then according to the question,

Square of the smaller number = 8x, then
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 = 180
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 180 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 10𝑥 − 180 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 18) + 10(𝑥 − 18) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 10)(𝑥 − 18) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 + 10 = 0 or 𝑥 − 18 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = −10 or 𝑥 = 18
Since, x being a positive integer so, x cannot be negative,
Therefore, larger number = 18.
then the smaller number = √8 × 18 = 12
Thus, the two positive numbers are 12 and 18.
T IO S
Page No 4.52:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
Let one of the number be x then other number is (18 − x).
T
ED PR

1 1 1
+ =
𝑥 18−𝑥 4
C
18−𝑥+𝑥 1
©
⇒ =
𝑥(18−𝑥) 4
⇒ 18 × 4 = 18𝑥 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 72 = 18𝑥 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 72 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 72 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 12) − 6(𝑥 − 12) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 − 12) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 6 = 0 or 𝑥 − 12 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 6 or 𝑥 = 12
Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 12 then another number will be
18 − 𝑥 = 18 − 12 = 6
And when 𝑥 = 6 then another number will be
18 − 𝑥 = 18 − 6 = 12
T IO S
Thus, the two numbers are 6 and 12.
I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.52:
A
Question 30: The sum of two number 𝑎 and b is 15, and the sum of their
PY
DO U A
1 1
reciprocals and is 3/10. Find the numbers 𝑎 and b.
T 𝑎 𝑏
ED PR
ANSWER:
Given that 𝑎 and b be two numbers in such a way that 𝑏 = (15 − 𝑎).
C
©

1 1 3
+ =
𝑎 𝑏 10
(𝑏+𝑎) 3
=
𝑎𝑏 10
(𝑎+𝑏) 3
=
𝑎𝑏 10
10𝑎 + 10𝑏 = 3𝑎𝑏 …. (1)
Now putting the value of b in equation (1)
10𝑎 + 10(15 − 𝑎) = 3𝑎(15 − 𝑎)
10𝑎 + 150 − 10𝑎 = 45𝑎 − 3𝑎2
3𝑎2 − 45𝑎 + 150 = 0
3(𝑎2 − 15𝑎 + 50) = 0
(𝑎2 − 15𝑎 + 50) = 0
𝑎2 − 10𝑎 − 5𝑎 + 50 = 0
𝑎(𝑎 − 10) − 5(𝑎 − 10) = 0
(𝑎 − 10)(𝑎 − 5) = 0
T IO S
(𝑎 − 10) = 0
I
𝑎 = 10
NO A D
CO N
Or
A
(𝑎 − 5) = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑎=5
T
ED PR
Therefore,
When 𝑎 = 10 then
C
©
𝑏 = 15 − 𝑎 = 15 − 10
=5
And when 𝑎 = 5 then
𝑏 = 15 − 𝑎 = 15 − 5
= 10
Thus, two consecutive number be either 𝑎 = 5, 𝑏 = 10 or 𝑎 = 10, 𝑏 = 5
Page No 4.52:
ANSWER:
Let one numbers be x then other (9 − x).
1 1 1
+ (9−𝑥) =
𝑥 2
(9−𝑥)+𝑥 1
⇒ =
𝑥(9−𝑥) 2
9 1
⇒ =
T IO S
𝑥(9−𝑥) 2
I
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 18 = 𝑥 (9 − 𝑥 )
A
⇒ 𝑥2 − 9𝑥 + 18 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑥2 − 6𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 18 = 0
T
ED PR
⇒ (𝑥 − 6)𝑥 − 3(𝑥 − 6) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 − 3) = 0
C
©
⇒ 𝑥 = 6, 3
Therefore,
When x = 6 then
(9 − x) = (9 − 6) = 3
When x = 3 then
(9 − x) = (9 − 3) = 6
Thus, two consecutive number be either 3, 6 or 6, 3.
Page No 4.52:
Question 32: Three consecutive positive integers are such that the sum of
the square of the first and the product of other two is 46, find the integers.
ANSWER:
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 46
T IO S
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 = 46
I
NO A D
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 − 46 = 0
CO N
A
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 44 = 0
PY
DO U A
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 44 = 0
T
ED PR
2𝑥 (𝑥 − 4) + 11(𝑥 − 4) = 0
(𝑥 − 4)(2𝑥 + 11) = 0
C
(𝑥 − 4) = 0
©
𝑥=4
Or
(2𝑥 + 11) = 0
−11
𝑥=
2

Therefore,
𝑥+1=4+1
=5
And
𝑥+2=4+2
=6
T IO S
Page No 4.52:
I
Question 33: The difference of squares of two number is 88. If the larger
NO A D
number is 5 less than twice the smaller number, then find the two
CO N
A
numbers.
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
Let the smaller numbers be x
ED PR

C
The larger number be = 2𝑥 − 5, then

©
(2𝑥 − 5)2 − 𝑥 2 = 88
4𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 25 − 𝑥 2 − 88 = 0
3 − 20𝑥 − 63 = 0
3𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 − 63 = 0
3𝑥 2 − 27𝑥 + 7𝑥 − 63 = 0
3(𝑥 − 9) + 7(𝑥 − 9) = 0
(𝑥 − 9)(3𝑥 + 7) = 0
(𝑥 − 9) = 0
𝑥=9
Or
(3𝑥 + 7) = 0
−7
𝑥=
3

Therefore,
When 𝑥 = 9 then larger number be
T IO S
2𝑥 − 5 = 2 × 9 − 5
I
= 18 − 5
NO A D
CO N
A
= 13
PY
Thus, two consecutive number be either 9, 13
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.52:
C
Question 34: The difference of squares of two numbers is 180. The square
©
of the smaller number is 8 times the larger number. Find two numbers.
ANSWER:
Let the larger numbers be x
Square of the smaller number be = 8𝑥 then
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 = 180
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 180 = 0
𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 10𝑥 − 180 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 18) + 10(𝑥 − 18) = 0
(𝑥 − 18)(𝑥 + 10) = 0
(𝑥 − 18) = 0
𝑥 = 18
Or
(𝑥 + 10) = 0
𝑥 = −10
T IO S
Therefore,
I
When 𝑥 = 18 then smaller number be
NO A D
CO N
√8𝑥 = √8 × 18
A
PY
= √144
DO U A
= ± 12
T
ED PR
Thus, two consecutive number be 18,12 𝑜𝑟 18, −12

C
©
Page No 4.52:
Question 35: Find two consecutive odd positive integers, sum of whose
squares is 970.
ANSWER:
Let one of the number be x then other number is x + 2.
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 2)2 = 970
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 970
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 966 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 483 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 23𝑥 − 21𝑥 − 483 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 23) − 21(𝑥 + 23) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 21)(𝑥 + 23) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 21 = 0 or 𝑥 + 23 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 21 or 𝑥 = −23
Since, x being an odd positive integer,
T IO S
Therefore, x = 21.
I
Then another number will be
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 + 2 = 21 + 2 = 23
A
Thus, the two consecutive odd positive integers are 21 and 23.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.52:
Question 36: The difference of two natural numbers is 3 and the
C
3
difference of their reciprocals is . Find the numbers.
©
28
ANSWER:
Let the smaller number be x then the other number be 3 + x.
1 1 3
− =
𝑥 3+𝑥 28
3+𝑥−𝑥 3
⇒ =
𝑥(3+𝑥) 28
3 3
⇒ =
3𝑥+𝑥 2 28
⇒ 28 = 3𝑥 + 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 28 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 28 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 7) − 4(𝑥 + 7) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 7) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 4 = 0 or 𝑥 + 7 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 4 or 𝑥 = −7
Since, x being a natural number,
T IO S
Therefore, x = 4.
I
NO A D
CO N
3+𝑥 =3+4=7
A
Thus, the two natural numbers are 7 and 4.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.52:
Question 37: The sum of the squares of two consecutive odd numbers is
C
394. Find the numbers.

©
ANSWER:
Let one of the number be x then the other number be x + 2.
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 2)2 = 394
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 394
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 390 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 195 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 − 13𝑥 − 195 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 15) − 13(𝑥 + 15) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 13)(𝑥 + 15) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 13 = 0 or 𝑥 + 15 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 13 or 𝑥 = −15
Since, x being an odd number,
Therefore, x = 13.
𝑥 + 2 = 13 + 2 = 15
T IO S I
Thus, the two consecutive odd numbers are 13 and 15.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.53:
PY
DO U A
Question 38: The sum of the squares of two consecutive multiples of 7 is

T
ED PR
637. Find the multiples.

ANSWER:
C
Let one of the number be 7x then the other number be 7(x + 1).
©

(7𝑥 )2 + [7(𝑥 + 1)]2 = 637
⇒ 49𝑥 2 + 49(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1) = 637
⇒ 49𝑥 2 + 49𝑥 2 + 98𝑥 + 49 − 637 = 0
⇒ 98𝑥 2 + 98𝑥 − 588 = 0
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 6 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 3) − 2(𝑥 + 3) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 2 = 0 or 𝑥 + 3 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 2 or 𝑥 = −3
Since, the numbers are multiples of 7,
Therefore, one number = 7 × 2 = 14.
7(𝑥 + 1) = 7 × 3 = 21
T IO S
Thus, the two consecutive multiples of 7 are 14 and 21.
I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.53:
A
Question 39: The sum of the squares of two consecutive even numbers is
PY
DO U A
340. Find the numbers.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
Let one of the number be x then the other number be x + 2.
C

©
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 2)2 = 340
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 340
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 336 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 168 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 − 12𝑥 − 168 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 14) − 12(𝑥 + 14) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 + 14) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 12 = 0 or 𝑥 + 14 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 12 or 𝑥 = −14
Since, x being an even number,
Therefore, x = 12.
𝑥 + 2 = 12 + 2 = 14
Thus, the two consecutive even numbers are 12 and 14.
T IO S
Page No 4.53:
I
Question 40: The numerator of a fraction is 3 less than the denominator.
NO A D
If 2 is added to both the numerator and the denominator, then the sum of
CO N
A
29
the new fraction and the original fraction is . Find the original fraction.
20
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
Let the denominator of the original fraction be x then the numerator be x

− 3.
C

©
𝑥−3 𝑥−3+2 29
+ =
𝑥 𝑥+2 20
𝑥−3 𝑥−1 29
⇒ + =
𝑥 𝑥+2 20
(𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)+(𝑥−1)𝑥 29
⇒ =
𝑥(𝑥+2) 20
𝑥 2 −3𝑥+2𝑥−6+𝑥 2 −𝑥 29
⇒ =
𝑥 2 +2𝑥 20
⇒ 20(2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 6) = 29(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 )
⇒ 40𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 − 120 − 29𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 2 − 98𝑥 − 120 = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 2 − 110𝑥 + 12𝑥 − 120 = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 (𝑥 − 10) + 12(𝑥 − 10) = 0
⇒ (11𝑥 + 12)(𝑥 − 10) = 0
⇒ 11𝑥 + 12 = 0 or 𝑥 − 10 = 0
12
⇒𝑥=− or 𝑥 = 10
11
Since, x being an integer,

Therefore, x = 10.
T IO S
Then the numerator will be
I
𝑥 − 3 = 10 − 3 = 7
NO A D
CO N
7
A
Thus, the original fraction is .
10
PY
DO U A
T
Page No 4.53:
ED PR
Question 41: Find a natural number whose square diminished by 84 is

C
equal to thrice of 8 more than the given number.

©
ANSWER:
Let the given number be x.
Given that the square of a natural number diminished by 84 is equal to
thrice of 8 more than the given number.
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 84 = 3(8 + 𝑥 )
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 84 = 24 + 3𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 108 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9𝑥 − 108 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 12) + 9(𝑥 − 12) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 9)(𝑥 − 12) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = −9 or 𝑥 = 12
We ignore the negative value as we have taken natural numbers under
consideration.
Hence, x = 12 is the required number.
Page No 4.53:
Question 42: A natural number when increased by 84 equals 160 times
T IO S
its reciprocal. Find the number.
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
Disclaimer: There is some error in the given question.
PY
Let the natural number be x.
DO U A
T
Given that natural number when increased by 84 equals 160 times its
ED PR
reciprocal.
1
(𝑥 + 84) = 160 ( )
C
𝑥
©
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 84) = 160
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 84𝑥 − 160 = 0
The given quadratic equation does not factories. Thus, there is no natural
number that satisfies the given condition.
Exercise 4.8
Page No 4.58:
Question 1: The speed of a boat in still water is 8 km/hr. It can go 15 km
upstream and 22 km downstream in 5 hours. Find the speed of the stream.
ANSWER:
Let the speed of stream be 𝑥 km/hr then
Speed downstream = (8 − 𝑥 ) km/hr.
T IO S
Therefore, Speed upstream= (8 − 𝑥 ) km/hr
I
NO A D 15
Time taken by the boat to go 15 km upstream = (8−𝑥) hr
CO N
A
22
PY
Time taken by the boat to returns 22 km downstream= (8+𝑥) hr
DO U A
T
Now it is given that the boat returns to the same point in 5 hr.
ED PR
So,
C
15 22
+ (8+𝑥) = 5
©
(8−𝑥)
15(8−𝑥)+22(8−𝑥)
=5
(8−𝑥)(8+𝑥)
120+15𝑥+176−22𝑥
=5
64−𝑥 2
296−7𝑥
=5
64−𝑥 2
5𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 296 − 320 = 0
5𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 24 = 0
5𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 8𝑥 − 24 = 0
5𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) + 8(𝑥 − 3) = 0
(𝑥 − 3)(5𝑥 + 8) = 0
8
𝑥 = 3, 𝑥 = −
5
But, the speed of the stream can never be negative.

Hence, the speed of the stream is 𝑥 = 3 km/hr
Page No 4.58:
Question 2: A train, travelling at a uniform speed for 360 km, would have
T IO S
taken 48 minutes less to travel the same distance if its speed were 5 km/hr
more. Find the original speed of the train.
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
Let the speed of train be x km/h
PY
DO U A
Distance to be travelled = 360 km
T
ED PR
We know that,
speed equals distance over time
C
Time take by the train initially when it was travelling with uniform speed
©
of x km/h =360 over x

If the speed was increased by 5 km/h
Time taken by train =fraction numerator 360 over denominator x plus 5
end fraction
With increased speed, the time taken is 48 min less. So, difference in time
will be
360 over x minus fraction numerator 360 over denominator x plus 5 end
fraction equals 48 over 60rightwards double arrow 360 open square
brackets fraction numerator x plus 5 minus x over denominator x open
parentheses x plus 5 close parentheses end fraction close square brackets
equals 4 over 5rightwards double arrow fraction numerator 5 over
denominator x open parentheses x plus 5 close parentheses end fraction
equals 1 over 450rightwards double arrow x squared plus 5 x minus 2250
equals 0rightwards double arrow open parentheses x plus 50 close
parentheses open parentheses x minus 45 close parentheses equals
0rightwards double arrow x equals negative 50 comma space 45
Hence, the speed of train = 45 km/hr
Page No 4.58:
T IO S
Question 3: A fast train takes one hour less than a slow train for a journey
of 200 km. If the speed of the slow train is 10 km/hr less than that of the
I
NO A D
fast train, find the speed of the two trains.
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
Let the speed of the fast train be 𝑥 km/hr then
T
the speed of the slow train be = (𝑥 − 10) km/hr
ED PR
200
Time taken by the fast train to cover 200 km = hr
𝑥
C
200
Time taken by the slow train to cover 200 km = (𝑥−10) hr
©
Therefore,
200 200
(𝑥−10)
− =1
𝑥
200𝑥−200(𝑥−10)
⇒ =1
𝑥(𝑥−10)
200𝑥−220𝑥+2000
⇒ =1
𝑥 2 −10𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 = 2000
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 2000 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 50𝑥 + 40𝑥 − 2000 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 50) + 40(𝑥 − 50) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 50)(𝑥 + 40) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 50) = 0
𝑥 = 50
Or
(𝑥 + 40) = 0
T IO S I
𝑥 = −40
NO A D
CO N
But, the speed of the train can never be negative.
A
Thus, when 𝑥 = 50 then
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
= (𝑥 − 10)
= (50 − 10)
C
©
= 40
Hence, the speed of the fast train is 𝑥 = 50 km/hr
and the speed of the slow train is 𝑥 = 40 km/hr respectively.
Page No 4.58:
Question 4: A passenger train takes one hour less for a journey of 150 km
if its speed is increased by 5 km/hr from its usual speed. Find the usual
speed of the train.
ANSWER:
Let the usual speed of train be 𝑥 km/hr then
Increased speed of the train = (𝑥 + 5) km/hr
150
Time taken by the train under usual speed to cover 150 km = hr
𝑥
150
Time taken by the train under increased speed to cover 150 km = (𝑥+5) hr
Therefore,
150 150
− (𝑥+5) = 1
𝑥
T IO S
{150(𝑥+5)−150𝑥}
=1
𝑥(𝑥+5)
I
NO A D
150𝑥+750−150𝑥
=1
CO N
𝑥 2 +5𝑥
A
750 = 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥
PY
DO U A
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 750 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 750 = 0
C
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 750 = 0
©
𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 30𝑥 − 750 = 0

𝑥 (𝑥 − 25) + 30(𝑥 − 25) = 0
(𝑥 − 25)(𝑥 + 30) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 25) = 0
𝑥 = 25
Or
(𝑥 + 30) = 0
𝑥 = −30
Hence, the usual speed of train is 𝑥 = 25 km/hr
Page No 4.58:
Question 5: The time taken by a person to cover 150 km was 2.5 hrs more
than the time taken in the return journey. If he returned at a speed of 10
km/hr more than the speed of going, what was the speed per hour in each
T IO S
direction?
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
Let the ongoing speed of person be 𝑥 km/hr. Then,
A
Returning speed of the person is = (𝑥 + 10) km/hr.
PY
DO U A
150
T
Time taken by the person in going direction to cover 150 km = hr
ED PR
Time taken by the person in returning direction to cover 150 km =

150
hr
C
(𝑥+10)
©
Therefore,
150 150 5
− (𝑥+10) =
𝑥 2
{150(𝑥+10)−150𝑥} 5
=
𝑥(𝑥+10) 2
150𝑥+1500−150𝑥 5
=
𝑥 2 +10𝑥 2
150𝑥+1500−150𝑥 5
=
𝑥 2 +10𝑥 2
1500 5
=
𝑥 2 +10𝑥 2
3000 = 5𝑥 2 + 50𝑥
5𝑥 2 + 50𝑥 − 3000 = 0
5𝑥 2 + 50𝑥 − 3000 = 0
5(𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 600) = 0
𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 600 = 0
𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 30𝑥 − 600 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) + 30(𝑥 − 20) = 0
(𝑥 − 20)(𝑥 + 30) = 0
T IO S
So, either
I
(𝑥 − 20) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 = 20
A
Or
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
(𝑥 + 30) = 0
𝑥 = −30
C
©

Thus, when 𝑥 = 20 then
= (𝑥 + 10)
= (20 + 10)
= 30
Hence, ongoing speed of person is 𝑥 = 20 km/hr
and returning speed of the person is 𝑥 = 30 km/hr respectively.
Page No 4.58:
Question 6: A plane left 40 minutes late due to bad weather and in order
to reach its destination, 1600 km away in time, it had to increase its speed
by 400 km/hr from its usual speed. Find the usual speed of the plane.
ANSWER:
Let the usual speed of plane be 𝑥 km/hr. Then,
Increased speed of the plane = (𝑥 + 400) km/hr
1600
Time taken by the plane under usual speed to cover 1600 km = hr
𝑥
T IO S
Time taken by the plane under increased speed to cover 1600 km =
I
1600
NO A D
hr
CO N
(𝑥+400)
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A
1600 1600 40
− (𝑥+400) =
𝑥
T 60
ED PR
{1600(𝑥+400)−1600𝑥} 2
=
𝑥(𝑥+400) 3
C
1600𝑥+640000−1600𝑥 2
=
©
𝑥 2 +400𝑥 3
1600𝑥+640000−1600𝑥 2
=
𝑥 2 +400𝑥 3
1920000 = 2𝑥 2 + 800𝑥
2𝑥 2 + 800𝑥 − 1920000 = 0
2(𝑥 2 + 400𝑥 − 960000) = 0
𝑥 2 + 400𝑥 − 960000 = 0
𝑥 2 − 800𝑥 + 1200𝑥 − 960000 = 0
𝑥 2 − 800𝑥 + 1200𝑥 − 960000 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 800) + 1200(𝑥 − 800) = 0
(𝑥 − 800)(𝑥 + 1200) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 800) = 0
𝑥 = 800
Or
(𝑥 + 1200) = 0
𝑥 = −1200
T IO S
But, the speed of the plane can never be negative.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.58:
Question 7: An aeroplane take 1 hour less for a journey of 1200 km if its
C
speed is increased by 100 km/hr from its usual speed. Find its usual speed.
©
ANSWER:
Let the usual speed of aero plane be 𝑥 km/hr. Then,
Increased speed of the aero plane = (𝑥 + 100) km/hr
Time taken by the aero plane under usual speed to cover 1200 km =
1200
hr
𝑥
Time taken by the aero plane under increased speed to cover 1200 km =
1200
(𝑥+100)
hr
Therefore,
1200 1200
− (𝑥+100) = 1
𝑥
{1200(𝑥+100)−1200𝑥}
=1
𝑥(𝑥+100)
1200𝑥+120000−1200𝑥
=1
𝑥 2 +100𝑥
1200𝑥+120000−1200𝑥
=1
𝑥 2 +100𝑥
120000 = 𝑥 2 + 100𝑥
𝑥 2 + 100𝑥 − 120000 = 0
𝑥 2 − 300𝑥 + 400𝑥 − 120000 = 0
T IO S I
𝑥 (𝑥 − 300) + 400(𝑥 − 300) = 0
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 300)(𝑥 + 400) = 0
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
So, either
(𝑥 − 300) = 0
C
©
𝑥 = 300
Or
(𝑥 + 400) = 0
𝑥 = −400
But, the speed of the aero plane can never be negative.
Page No 4.58:
Question 8: A train travels at a certain average speed for a distance 63
km and then travels a distance of 72 km at an average speed of 6 km/hr
more than the original speed. If it takes 3 hours to complete total journey,
what is its original average speed ?133007
ANSWER:
Let the original speed of the train be x.
For a distance of 63 km, let the speed be x km/h.
63
So, time =
𝑥
T IO S
For a distance of 72 km, speed = 6 + x km/h
I
72
Time =
NO A D𝑥+6
CO N
A
Total time = 3 hours
PY
63 72
+ =3
DO U A
𝑥 𝑥+6
T
63𝑥+378+72𝑥
ED PR
⇒ =3
𝑥(𝑥+6)
⇒ 63𝑥 + 378 + 72𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 + 18𝑥

C
⇒ 3𝑥 2 − 117𝑥 − 378 = 0
©
⇒ (3𝑥 − 126)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = −3, 42
So, the original speed = 42 km/h.
Page No 4.59:
Question 9: A train covers a distance of 90 km at a uniform speed. Had
the speed been 15 km/hour more, it would have taken 30 minutes less for
a journey. Find the original speed of the train.
ANSWER:
Let the original speed of train be 𝑥 km/hr. Then,
90
𝑥
90
Therefore,
90 90 30
− (𝑥+15) =
𝑥 60
T IO S
{90(𝑥+15)−90𝑥} 1
=
𝑥(𝑥+100) 2
I
NO A D
90𝑥+1350−90𝑥
=
1
CO N
𝑥 2 +15𝑥 2
A
90𝑥+1350−90𝑥 1
=
PY
𝑥 2 +15𝑥 2
DO U A
2700 = 𝑥 2 + 15𝑥
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 − 2700 = 0
𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 − 2700 = 0
C
©
𝑥 2 − 45𝑥 + 60𝑥 − 2700 = 0

𝑥 (𝑥 − 45) + 60(𝑥 − 45) = 0
(𝑥 − 45)(𝑥 + 60) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 45) = 0
𝑥 = 45
Or
(𝑥 + 60) = 0
𝑥 = −60
Hence, the original speed of train is 𝑥 = 45 km/hr
Page No 4.59:
Question 10: A train travels 360 km at a uniform speed. If the speed had
been 5 km/hr more, it would have taken 1 hour less for the same journey.
Find the speed of the train.
ANSWER:
T IO S
Let the original speed of train be 𝑥 km/hr . Then,
I
NO A D
CO N
A
360
𝑥
PY
DO U A
360
T
ED PR
Therefore,
360 360
− (𝑥+5) = 1
C
𝑥
©
{360(𝑥+5)−360𝑥}
=1
𝑥(𝑥+5)
360𝑥+1800−360𝑥
=1
𝑥 2 +5𝑥
360𝑥+1800−360𝑥
=1
𝑥 2 +5𝑥
1800 = 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 1800 = 0
𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 45𝑥 − 1800 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 40) + 45(𝑥 − 40) = 0
(𝑥 − 40)(𝑥 + 45) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 40) = 0
𝑥 = 40
Or
(𝑥 + 45) = 0
𝑥 = −45
T IO S
I
Hence, the original speed of train is 𝑥 = 40 km/hr
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.59:
PY
DO U A
Question 11: An express train takes 1 hour less than a passenger train to
T
ED PR
travel 132 km between Mysore and Bangalore (without taking into

consideration the time they stop at intermediate stations). If the average
speed of the express train is 11 km/hr more than that of the passenger
C
train, find the average speed of two trains.

©
ANSWER:
Let the speed of the passenger train be 𝑥 km/hr. Then,
Speed of the express train= (𝑥 + 11) km/hr
Time taken by the passenger train to cover 132 km between Mysore to
132
Bangalore = hr
𝑥
Time taken by the express train to cover 132 km between Mysore to

132
Bangalore = (𝑥+11) hr
Therefore,
132 132
− (𝑥+11) = 1
𝑥
{132(𝑥+11)−132𝑥}
=1
𝑥(𝑥+11)
132𝑥+1452−132𝑥
=1
𝑥 2 +11𝑥
132𝑥+1452−132𝑥
=1
𝑥 2 +11𝑥
1452 = 𝑥 2 + 11𝑥
𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 − 1452 = 0
T IO S
𝑥 2 − 33𝑥 + 44𝑥 − 1452 = 0
I
𝑥 (𝑥 − 33) + 44(𝑥 − 33) = 0
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 33)(𝑥 + 44) = 0
A
So, either
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
(𝑥 − 33) = 0
𝑥 = 33
C
©
Or
(𝑥 + 44) = 0
𝑥 = −44
Thus, when 𝑥 = 33 then speed of express train
= (𝑥 + 11)
= (33 + 11)
= 44
Hence, the speed of the passenger train is 𝑥 = 33 km/hr
and the speed of the express train is 𝑥 = 44 km/hr respectively.
Page No 4.59:
Question 12: An aeroplane left 50 minutes later than its scheduled time,
and in order to reach the destination, 1250 km away, in time, it had to
increase its speed by 250 km/hr from its usual speed. Find its usual speed.
ANSWER:
Let the usual speed of aero plane be 𝑥 km/hr. Then,
T IO S
Increased speed of the aero plane = (𝑥 + 250) km/hr
I
NO A D
Time taken by the aero plane under usual speed to cover 1250 km =
CO N
1250
hr
A
𝑥
PY
Time taken by the aero plane under increased speed to cover 1250 km =
DO U A
1250
T
hr
ED PR
(𝑥+250)
Therefore,
C
1250 1250 50
− (𝑥+250) =
©
𝑥 60
{1250(𝑥+250)−1250𝑥} 5
=
𝑥(𝑥+250) 6
1250𝑥+312500−1250𝑥 5
=
𝑥 2 +250𝑥 6
1250𝑥+312500−1250𝑥 5
=
𝑥 2 +250𝑥 6
1875000 = 5𝑥 2 + 1250𝑥
5𝑥 2 + 1250𝑥 − 1875000 = 0
5(𝑥 2 + 250𝑥 − 375000) = 0
𝑥 2 + 250𝑥 − 375000 = 0
𝑥 2 − 500𝑥 + 750𝑥 − 375000 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 500) + 750(𝑥 − 500) = 0
(𝑥 − 500)(𝑥 + 750) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 500) = 0
𝑥 = 500
T IO S
Or
I
(𝑥 + 750) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 = −750
A
But, the speed of the aero plane can never be negative.
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
Page No 4.59:
C
©
Question 13: While boarding an aeroplane, a passenger got hurt. The pilot
showing promptness and concern, made arrangements to hospitalize the
injured and so the plane started late by 30 minutes to reach the destination,
1500 km away in time, the pilot increased the speed by 100 km/hr. Find
the original speed/hour of the plane.
ANSWER:
Let the original speed of the plane be x km/hr.
Increased speed of the plane = (x + 100) km/hr.
Total Distance = 1500 km.
Distance
We know that, Time =
Speed
1500
Time taken to reach the destination at original speed = 𝑡1 = hr
𝑥
1500
Time taken to reach the destination at increasing speed = 𝑡2 = hr
𝑥+100

t1 − t2 = 30 min
1500 1500 30
⇒ − =
𝑥 𝑥+100 60
1500(𝑥+100)−1500𝑥 1
T IO S
⇒ =
𝑥(𝑥+100) 2
I
1500𝑥+150000−1500𝑥 1
⇒
NO A D
𝑥 2 +100𝑥
=
CO N
2
A
150000 1
⇒ =
𝑥 2 +100𝑥
PY
2
DO U A
⇒ 300000 = 𝑥 2 + 100𝑥
T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 100𝑥 − 300000 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 600𝑥 − 500𝑥 − 300000 = 0
C
©
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 600) − 500(𝑥 + 600) = 0

⇒ (𝑥 − 500)(𝑥 + 600) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 500 = 0 or 𝑥 + 600 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 500 or 𝑥 = −600
Since, speed cannot be negative.
Thus, the original speed/hour of the plane is 500 km/hr.
Page No 4.59:
Question 14: A motor boat whose speed in still water is 18 km/hr takes 1
hour more to go 24 km up stream that to return downstream to the same
spot. Find the speed of the stream.
ANSWER:
Let the speed of the stream be x km/hr.
speed of the boat in still water = 18 km/hr.
Total Distance = 24 km.
T IO S
We know that,
I
Speed of the boat up stream = speed of the boat in still water − speed of
NO A D
CO N
the stream
A
= (18 − x) km/hr
PY
DO U A
Speed of the boat downstream = speed of the boat in still water + speed
T
ED PR
of the stream
= (18 + x) km/hr
C
24
Time of upstream journey = t1 = hr
©
18−𝑥
24
Time of downstream journey = t2 = hr
18−𝑥

t1 − t2 = 1 hr
24 24
⇒ − =1
18−𝑥 18−𝑥
24(18+𝑥−18+𝑥)
⇒ (18−𝑥)(18+𝑥)
=1
24(2𝑥)
⇒ (18)2 =1
−𝑥 2
⇒ 48𝑥 = 324 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 48𝑥 − 324 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 54𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 324 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 54) − 6(𝑥 + 54) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 + 54) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 6 = 0 or 𝑥 + 54 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 6 or 𝑥 = −54
T IO S
Since, speed cannot be negative.
I
Thus, speed of the stream is 6 km/hr.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.59:
PY
DO U A
Question 15: A car moves a distance of 2592 km with uniform speed. The
T
ED PR
number of hours taken for the journey is one-half the number representing
the speed, in km/hour. Find the time taken to cover the distance.
C
ANSWER:
©
Distance covered = 2592 km

Let the speed of the car be x km/h
speed 𝑥
According to the question, Time = = ℎ
2 2
we know that
distance
speed =
time
2592
𝑥= 𝑥
2
𝑥 2 = 5184
𝑥 = √5184
𝑥 = 72
Speed of the car = 72 km/h
Time taken to cover the given distance = 36 h
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©
Exercise 4.9
Page No 4.61:
Question 1: Ashu is x years old while his mother Mrs Veena is x2 years
old. Five years hence Mrs Veena will be three times old as Ashu. Find
their present ages.
ANSWER:
Given that Ashu’s present age is = 𝑥 years and his mother Mrs. Veena is =
T IO S
𝑥 2 years
I
NO A D
CO N
Five years later, Ashu’s is = (𝑥 + 5)years
A
And his mother Mrs. Veena is = (𝑥 2 + 5)years
PY
DO U A
Thus
T
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 5 = 3(𝑥 + 5)
𝑥 2 + 5 = 3𝑥 + 15
C
©
𝑥 2 + 5 − 3𝑥 − 15 = 0
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 10 = 0
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 10 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 5) + 2(𝑥 − 5) = 0
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 5) = 0
𝑥=5
Or
(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 = −2
But, the age can never be negative.
Therefore, when 𝑥 = 5 then
𝑥 2 = 52
= 25
Hence, Ashu’s present age is = 5 years and his mother Mrs. Veena is =
25 years
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.61:
PY
DO U A
Question 2: The sum of ages of a man and his son is 45 years. Five years
T
ago, the product of their ages was four times the man's age at the time.
ED PR
Find their present ages.

ANSWER:
C
©
Let the present age of the man be 𝑥 years

Then present age of his son is = (45 − 𝑥 ) years
Five years ago, man’s age = (𝑥 − 5) years
And his son’s age (45 − 𝑥 − 5) = (40 − 𝑥 ) years
(𝑥 − 5)(40 − 𝑥 ) = 4(𝑥 − 5)
40𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 200 = 4𝑥 − 20
−𝑥 2 + 45𝑥 − 200 = 4𝑥 − 20
−𝑥 2 + 45𝑥 − 200 − 4𝑥 + 20 = 0
−𝑥 2 + 41𝑥 − 180 = 0
𝑥 2 − 41𝑥 + 180 = 0
𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 180 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 36) − 5(𝑥 − 36) = 0
(𝑥 − 36)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 36) = 0
T IO S
𝑥 = 36
I
Or
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 5) = 0
A
𝑥=5
PY
DO U A
But, the father’s age never be 5 years

T
ED PR

45 − 𝑥 = 45 − 36
C
©
=9
Hence, man’s present age is = 36 years and his son’s age is = 9 years
Page No 4.61:
Question 3: The product of Shikha's age five years ago and her age 8
years later is 30, her age at both times being given in years. Find her
present age.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of Shikha be 𝑥 years
Then, 8 years later, age of her = (𝑥 + 8) years
Five years ago, her age = (𝑥 − 5) years
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 8) = 30
𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 40 = 30
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 40 − 30 = 0
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 70 = 0
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 70 = 0
A
𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 10𝑥 − 70 = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑥 (𝑥 − 7) + 10(𝑥 − 7) = 0
T
ED PR
(𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 + 10) = 0
So, either
C
©
(𝑥 − 7) = 0
𝑥=7
Or
(𝑥 + 10) = 0
𝑥 = −10
But the age never be negative
Hence, the present age of Shikha be = 7 years
Page No 4.61:
Question 4: The product of Ramu's age (in years) five years ago and his
age (in years) nice years later is 15. Determine Ramu's present age.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of Ramu be 𝑥 years
Five years ago, her age = (𝑥 − 5) years
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 9) = 15
PY
𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 45 = 15
DO U A
T
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 45 − 15 = 0
ED PR
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 60 = 0
C
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 60 = 0
©
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10𝑥 − 60 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 6) + 10(𝑥 − 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 6)(𝑥 + 10) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 6) = 0
𝑥=6
Or
(𝑥 + 10) = 0
𝑥 = −10
Hence, the present age of Ramu be = 6 years
Page No 4.61:
Question 5: Is the following situation possible? If so, determine their
present ages. The sum of the ages of two friends is 20 years ago, the
product of their ages in years was 48.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
Let the present age of two friends be x years and (20 − x) years
NO A D
CO N
respectively.
A
Then, 4 years later, the age of two friends will be (x − 4) years and (20
PY
DO U A
− x − 4) years respectively
T
ED PR

(𝑥 − 4)(20 − 𝑥 − 4) = 48
C
(𝑥 − 4)(16 − 𝑥 ) = 48
©
16𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 64 + 4𝑥 = 48
−𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 − 64 − 48 = 0
𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 112 = 0
Let D be the discriminant of the above quadratic equation.
Then,
𝐷 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Putting the value of a = 1, b = − 20 and c = 112
𝐷 = (−20)2 − 4 × 1 × 112
= 400 – 448
= − 48
Thus, 𝐷 < 0
So, the above equation does not have real roots.
Hence, the given situation is not possible.
Page No 4.61:
Question 6: A girls is twice as old as her sister. Four years hence, the
product of their ages (in years) will be 160. Find their present ages.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D 𝑥
CO N
Let the present age of girl be 𝑥 years then, age of her sister( ) years
2
A
Then, 4 years later, age of girl = (𝑥 + 4) years and her sister’s age be
PY
DO U A
𝑥
( + 4) years
2
T
ED PR

𝑥
(𝑥 + 4) ( + 4) = 160
C
2
©
(𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 + 8) = 160 × 2
𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 32 = 320
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 32 − 320 = 0
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 288 = 0
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 288 = 0
𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 24𝑥 − 288 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 12) + 24(𝑥 − 12) = 0
𝑥 (−12) + 24(𝑥 − 12) = 0
(𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 + 24) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 12) = 0
𝑥 = 12
Or
(𝑥 + 24) = 0
𝑥 = −24
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥 12
=
PY
DO U A
2 2
T
=6
ED PR
Hence, the present age of girl be = 12 years and her sister’s age be 6
years.
C
©
Page No 4.62:
Question 8: If Zeba were younger by 5 years than what she really is, then
the square of her age (in years) would have been 11 more than 5 times her
actual age. What is her age now?
ANSWER:
Let, the present age of Zeba be x years.
If she were 5 years younger, then the square of her age would have been
11 more than 5 times her actual age
⇒ (𝑥 − 5)2 = 11 + 5𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 25 − 10𝑥 = 11 + 5𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 14 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 𝑥 + 14 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 14) − 1(𝑥 − 14) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 14)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 14 or 𝑥 = 1
The age cannot be 1 year as we have also talked about the age 5 years ago.
T IO S
Therefore, Zeba's present age is x=14 years.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.62:
PY
DO U A
Question 9: At present Asha's age (in years) is 2 more than the square of
T
ED PR
her daughter Nisha's age. When Nisha grows to her mother's present age,
Asha's age would be one year less than 10 times the present age of Nisha.
Find the present ages of both Asha and Nisha.
C
©
ANSWER:
Let, the present age of Asha be 𝑎 years
Present age of Nisha be n years.
Given that at present Asha's age is 2 more than the square of her daughter
Nisha's age.
⇒ 𝑎 = 2 + 𝑛2
So, we can say that Nisha will take (2 + 𝑛2 ) − 𝑛 years to reach her
mother's age.
So, after (2 + 𝑛2 ) − 𝑛 years, her mother's age will be (2 + 𝑛2 ) +
(2 + 𝑛2 − 𝑛) years.
It is also given that when Nisha grows to her mother's present age, Asha's
age would be one year less than 10 times the present age of Nisha.
Therefore, after 2 + 𝑛2 − 𝑛 years, Asha's age will be 10𝑛 − 1 years
⇒ 2 + 𝑛2 + 2 + 𝑛2 − 𝑛 = 10𝑛 − 1
⇒ 2𝑛2 − 10𝑛 − 𝑛 + 5 = 0
⇒ 2𝑛(𝑛 − 5) − 1(𝑛 − 5) = 0
⇒ (2𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 5) = 0
T IO S
1
I
⇒𝑛= or 𝑛 = 5
2
NO A D
CO N
We ignore the fractional value.
A
Therefore, Nisha's age is n = 5 years.
PY
DO U A
Asha's age = 2 + 𝑛2 = 2 + 25 = 27 years

T
ED PR
Page No 4.62-:
C
©
Question 7: The sum of the reciprocals of Rehman's ages (in years) 3

years ago and 5 years from now is 1/3. Find his present age.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of Rehman be 𝑥 years
Five years ago, her age = (𝑥 − 3) yyears
1 1 1
(𝑥−3)
+ (𝑥+5)
=
3
𝑥+5+𝑥−3 1
=
(𝑥−3)(𝑥+5) 3
2𝑥+2 1
=
𝑥 2 +5𝑥−3𝑥−15 3
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15 − 6𝑥 − 6 = 0
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 21 = 0
𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 21 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 7) + 3(𝑥 − 7) = 0
(𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
T IO S
So, either
I
(𝑥 − 7) = 0
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥=7
PY
Or
DO U A
T
(𝑥 + 3) = 0
ED PR
𝑥 =−3
C

©
Hence, the present age of Rehman be = 7 years

Exercise 4.10
Page No 4.64:
Question 1: The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 25 cm. The difference
between the lengths of the other two sides of the triangle is 5 cm. Find the
lengths of these sides.
ANSWER:
Let the length of one side of right triangle be = 𝑥 cm then other side be =
T IO S
(𝑥 + 5) cm
I
And given that hypotenuse = 25 cm
NO A D
CO N
As we know that by Pythagoras theorem,
A
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 5)2 = (25)2
PY
DO U A
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 25 = 625
T
ED PR
2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 25 − 625 = 0
2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 600 = 0
C
©
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 300 = 0
𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 20𝑥 − 300 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 15) + 20(𝑥 − 15) = 0
(𝑥 − 15)(𝑥 + 20) = 0
So, either
(𝑥 − 15) = 0
𝑥 = 15
Or
(𝑥 + 20) = 0
𝑥 = −20
But the side of right triangle can never be negative
𝑥 + 15 = 15 + 5
= 20
Hence, length of one side of right triangle be = 15 cm then other side be =
20 cm
T IO S I
CO N
A
Question 2: The diagonal of a rectangular field is 60 meters more than
PY
the shorter side. If the longer side is 30 meters more than the shorter side,
DO U A
find the sides of the field.

T
ED PR
ANSWER:
Let the length of smaller side of rectangle be = 𝑥 metres then larger side
C
be = 𝑥 + 30 metres and their diagonal be = 𝑥 + 60 metres

©
Then, as we know that Pythagoras theorem

𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 30)2 = (𝑥 + 60)2
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 30)2 = (𝑥 + 60)2
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 60𝑥 + 900 = 𝑥 2 + 120𝑥 + 3600
2𝑥 2 + 60𝑥 + 900 − 𝑥 2 − 120𝑥 − 3600 = 0
𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 − 2700 = 0
𝑥 2 − 90𝑥 + 30𝑥 − 2700 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 90) + 30(𝑥 − 90) = 0
(𝑥 − 90)(𝑥 + 30) = 0
(𝑥 − 90) = 0
𝑥 = 90
Or
T IO S
(𝑥 + 30) = 0
I
𝑥 = −30
NO A D
CO N
But, the side of rectangle can never be negative.
A
PY
DO U A
𝑥 + 30 = 90 + 30
T
ED PR
= 120
Hence, length of smaller side of rectangle be = 90 metres and larger side
C
be = 120 metres.
©
Page No 4.64:
Question 3: The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 3√10 cm. If the smaller
leg is tripled and the longer leg doubled, new hypotenuse will be 9√5 cm.
How long are the legs of the triangle?
ANSWER:
Let the length of smaller side of right triangle be = 𝑥 cm then larger side
be = 𝑦 cm
Then, as we know that by Pythagoras theorem
2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (3√10)
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 90 ….. (1)
If the smaller side is triple and the larger side be doubled, the new
hypotenuse is 9√5 cm
Therefore,
2
(3𝑥 )2 + (2𝑦)2 = (9√5)
9𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 405 ….. (2)
T IO S
From equation (1) we get 𝑦 2 = 90 − 𝑥 2
I
Now putting the value of 𝑦 2 in equation (2)
NO A D
CO N
9𝑥 2 + 4(90 − 𝑥 2 ) = 405
A
9𝑥 2 + 360 − 4𝑥 2 − 405 = 0
PY
DO U A
5𝑥 2 − 45 = 0
T
ED PR
5(𝑥 2 − 9) = 0
𝑥2 − 9 = 0
C
©
𝑥2 = 9
𝑥 = √9
= ±3
But, the side of right triangle can never be negative
𝑦 2 = 90 − 𝑥 2
= 90 − (3)2
= 90 − 9
= 81
𝑦 2 = √81
=±9
Hence, length of smaller side of right triangle be = 3 cm then larger side
be = 9 cm
Page No 4.64:
Question 4: A pole has to be erected at a point on the boundary of a
T IO S
circular park of diameter 13 meters in such a way that the difference of its
I
distances from two diametrically opposite fixed gates A and B on the
NO A D
CO N
boundary is 7 meters. Is it the possible to do so? If yes, at what distances
A
from the two gates should the pole be erected?
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
Let P be the required location on the boundary of a circular park such that
ED PR
its distance from gate B is = 𝑥 metres that is BP = 𝑥 metres

Then, AP = 𝑥 + 7
C
©
In the right triangle ABP we have by using Pythagoras theorem

𝐴𝑃2 + 𝐵𝑃2 = 𝐴𝐵2
(𝑥 + 7)2 + 𝑥 2 = (13)2
𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 + 49 + 𝑥 2 = 169
2𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 + 49 − 169 = 0
2𝑥 2 + 14𝑥120 = 0
2(𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 60) = 0
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 60 = 0
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 60 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 12) − 5(𝑥 + 12) = 0
(𝑥 + 12)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
(𝑥 + 12) = 0
𝑥 = −12
Or
(𝑥 − 5) = 0
T IO S
𝑥=5
I
But the side of right triangle can never be negative
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, 𝑥 = 5
A
Hence, P is at a distance of 5 metres from the gate B.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©
Exercise 4.11
Page No 4.70:
Question 1: The perimeter of a rectangular field is 82 m and its area is
400 m2. Find the breadth of the rectangle.
ANSWER:
Let the breadth of the rectangle be = 𝑥 metres. Then
Perimeter = 82 metres
T IO S
2(length + breadth) = 82
I
NO A D
(length + 𝑥 ) = 41
CO N
A
length = 41 − 𝑥
PY
DO U A
And area of the rectangle
T
ED PR
length × breadth = 400

(41 − 𝑥 )𝑥 = 400
C
41𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 400
©
𝑥 2 − 41𝑥 + 400 = 0
𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 − 16𝑥 + 400 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 25) − 16(𝑥 − 25) = 0
(𝑥 − 25)(𝑥 − 16) = 0
(𝑥 − 25) = 0
𝑥 = 25
Or
(𝑥 − 16) = 0
𝑥 = 16
Since perimeter is 82 meter. So breadth can’t be 25 meter.
Hence, breadth 16 metres
Page No 4.70:
Question 2: The length of a hall is 5 m more than its breadth. If the area
of the floor of the hall is 84 m2, what are the length and breadth of the
hall?
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
Let the breadth of the rectangular hall be = 𝑥 metres and the length =
CO N
(𝑥 + 5) metres Then
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
(𝑥 + 5)𝑥 = 84
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 84 = 0
C
©
𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 12𝑥 − 84 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 7) + 12(𝑥 − 7) = 0
(𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 + 12) = 0
(𝑥 − 7) = 0
𝑥=7
Or
(𝑥 + 12) = 0
𝑥 = −12
Sides of the rectangular hall never are negative.
Therefore, length
= (𝑥 + 5)
=7+5
= 12
Hence, breadth of the hall be 7 metres and length be 12 metres.
Page No 4.70:
T IO S
Question 3: Two squares have sides x cm and (x + 4) cm. The sum of
their areas is 656 cm2. Find the sides of the squares.
I
ANSWER: NO A D
CO N
A
Given that sides of the squares are = 𝑥 cm and = (𝑥 + 4) cm. Then
PY
DO U A
According to question,
T
ED PR
Sum of the areas of square = 656 cm²

So,
C
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 4)2 = 656
©
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16 = 656
2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16 − 656 = 0
2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 640 = 0
2(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 320) = 0
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 320 = 0
𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 20𝑥 − 320 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 16) + 20(𝑥 − 16) = 0
(𝑥 − 16)(𝑥 + 20) = 0
(𝑥 − 16) = 0
𝑥 = 16
Or
(𝑥 + 20) = 0
𝑥 = −20
Sides of the square never are negative.
Therefore, the side of the other square is
= (𝑥 + 4)
T IO S I
= 16 + 4
NO A D
CO N
= 20
A
Hence, sides of the square be 16 cm and 20 cm respectively.
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.71:
T
ED PR
Question 4: The area of a right angled triangle is 165 m2. Determine its
base and altitude if the latter exceeds the former by 7 m.
C
ANSWER:
©
Let the base of the right triangle be = 𝑥 metres and the altitude = (𝑥 + 7)
metres Then
Areas of the right triangle = 165 m2
1
And as we know that the area of the right triangle = × base × height
2
1
× 𝑥 × (𝑥 + 7) = 165
2
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 = 330
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 330 = 0
𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 22𝑥 − 330 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 15) + 22(𝑥 − 15) = 0
(𝑥 − 15)(𝑥 + 22) = 0
(𝑥 − 15) = 0
𝑥 = 15
Or
(𝑥 + 22) = 0
T IO S
𝑥 = −22
I
Since negative value is not possible. So x =15 m
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the altitude is
A
PY
DO U A
= (𝑥 + 7)
T
ED PR
= 15 + 7
= 22
C
©
Hence, base of the right triangle be 15 cm and altitude be 22 cm
Page No 4.71:
Question 5: Is it possible to design a rectangular mango grove whose
length is twice its breadth and the area is 800 m2? If so, find its length and
breadth.
ANSWER:
Let the breadth of the rectangular mango grove be x meter and the length
= 2𝑥 metres. Then
Area of the rectangle
𝑥 × 2𝑥 = 800
2𝑥 2 = 800
𝑥 2 = 400
𝑥 = √400
= ± 200
Sides of the rectangular hall never be negative
T IO S
Therefore, length
I
= 2𝑥
NO A D
CO N
= 2 × 20
A
= 40
PY
DO U A
𝑦𝑒𝑠 , it is possible.
T
ED PR
Hence, breadth of the hall be 20 metres and length be 40 metre.

C
©
Page No 4.71:
Question 6: Is it possible to design a rectangular park of perimeter 80 m
and area 400 m2. If so, find its length and breadth.
ANSWER:
Let the breadth of the rectangle be = 𝑥 metres. Then
Perimeter = 80 metres
2(length + breadth) = 80
(length + 𝑥 ) = 40
length = 40 − 𝑥
(40 − 𝑥 )𝑥 = 400
40𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 400
𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 400 = 0
𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 − 20𝑥 + 400 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) − 20(𝑥 − 20) = 0
T IO S
(𝑥 − 20)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
I
(𝑥 − 20)2 = 0
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 20) = 0
A
𝑥 = 20
PY
DO U A
𝑦𝑒𝑠, it is possible.
T
ED PR
Hence, breadth of the rectangular park be 20 metres and length be 20

metres.
C
Page No 4.71:
©
Question 7: Sum of the areas of two squares is 640 m2. If the difference
of their perimeters is 64 m. Find the sides of the two squares.
ANSWER:
Let the sides of the squares are x m and = 𝑦 m.Then
Sum of the difference of their perimeter= 64 𝑚
4𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 64
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 16
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 16 ….. (1)
And sum of the areas of square = 640 m²
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 640 ….. (2)
Putting the value of x in equation (2) from equation (1)
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 − 16)2 = 640
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 − 32𝑥 + 256 = 640
2𝑥 2 − 32𝑥 + 256 − 640 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 32𝑥 − 384 = 0
T IO S I
2(𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 192) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 192 = 0
A
𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 8𝑥 − 192 = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑥 (𝑥 − 24) + 8(𝑥 − 24) = 0

T
ED PR
(𝑥 − 24)(𝑥 + 8) = 0
(𝑥 − 24) = 0
C
©
𝑥 = 24
Or
(𝑥 + 8) = 0
𝑥 = −8
Sides of the square never are negative.
Therefore, putting the value of x in equation (1)
𝑦 = (𝑥 − 16)
= 24 − 16
=8
Hence, sides of the square be 24 m and 8 m respectively.
Page No 4.71:
Question 8: Sum of the area of two squares is 400 cm2. If the difference
of their perimeters is 16 cm, find the sides of two squares.
ANSWER:
Let the side of the smaller square be x cm.
Perimeter of any square = (4 × side of the square) cm.
It is given that the difference of the perimeters of two squares is 16 cm.
T IO S
16+4𝑥
Then side of the bigger square = = (4 + 𝑥 ) cm.
I
4
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥 2 + (4 + 𝑥 )2 = 400
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 16 + 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 400
T
ED PR
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 384 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 192 = 0
C
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 12𝑥 − 192 = 0

©
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 + 16) − 12(𝑥 + 16) = 0

⇒ (𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 + 16) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 − 12 = 0 or 𝑥 + 16 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = 12 or 𝑥 = −16
Since, side of the square cannot be negative.
Thus, the side of the smaller square is 12 cm.
and the side of the bigger square is (4 + 12) = 16 cm.
Page No 4.71:
Question 9: The area of a rectangular plot is 528 m2. The length of the
plot (in metres) is one metre more than twice its breadth. Find the length
and the breadth of the plot.
ANSWER:
Let the breadth of the rectangular plot be x m.
Then, the length of the rectangular plot = (1 + 2x) m.
T IO S
Length × Breadth = Area
I
NO A D
𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 ) = 528
CO N
A
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 528 = 0
PY
⇒ 2𝑥 2 + 33𝑥 − 32𝑥 − 528 = 0
DO U A
T
⇒ 𝑥 (2𝑥 + 33) − 16(2𝑥 + 33) = 0
ED PR
⇒ (𝑥 − 16)(2𝑥 + 33) = 0
C
⇒ 𝑥 − 16 = 0 or 2𝑥 + 33 = 0
©
⇒ 𝑥 = 16 or 𝑥 = −332
Since, length and breadth of the rectangle cannot be negative.
Thus, the breadth of the rectangular plot is 16 m.
and the length of the rectangular plot is (1 + 2 × 16) = 33 m.
Page No 4.71:
Question 10: In the centre of a rectangular lawn of dimensions 50 m ×
40 m, a rectangular pond has to be constructed so that the area of the
grass surrounding the pond would be 1184 m2. Find the length and
breadth of the pond.
ANSWER:
It is given that the dimensions of rectangular park is 50 m × 40 m.
∴ Area of the rectangular park = 50 × 40 = 2000 m2
Area of the grass surrounding the pond = 1184 m2
Now,
Area of the rectangular pond
= Area of the rectangular park − Area of the grass surrounding the
rectangular pond
= 2000 − 1184
T IO S
= 816 m2
I
NO A D
Let the uniform width of the surrounding grass be x.
CO N
∴ Length of the rectangular pond = (50 − 2x) m
A
Breadth of the rectangular pond = (40 − 2x) m
PY
DO U A
Now,
Area of rectangular pond = 816 m2
T
ED PR
∴ (50 − 2x) × (40 − 2x) = 816

⇒ 2000 − 80x − 100x + 4x2 = 816
⇒ 4x2 − 180x + 2000 − 816 = 0
C
©
⇒ 4x2 − 180x + 1184 = 0

⇒ x2 − 45x + 296 = 0
⇒ x2 − 37x − 8x + 296 = 0
⇒ x(x − 37) − 8(x − 37) = 0
⇒ (x − 8)(x − 37) = 0
⇒ x − 8 = 0 or x − 37 = 0
⇒ x = 8 or x = 37
For x = 37,
Length of rectangular pond = 50 − 2 × 37 = −24 m, which is not possible
So, x ≠ 37
Therefore, x = 8.
When x = 8,
Length of the rectangular pond = 50 − 2 × 8 = 50 − 16 = 34 m
Breadth of the rectangular pond = 40 − 2 × 8 = 40 − 16 = 24 m.
Exercise 4.12
Page No 4.73:
Question 1: A takes 10 days less than the time taken by B to finish a
piece of work. If both A and B together can finish the work in 12 days,
find the time taken by B to finish the work.
ANSWER:
1
Let B alone takes x days to finish the work. Then, B’s one day’s work = 𝑥.
T IO S
Similarly, A alone can finish it in (𝑥 − 10) days to finish the work.
I
1
NO A D
Then, A’s one day’s work =
𝑥−10
.
CO N
A
It is given that
PY
DO U A
A’s one day’s work + B’s one day’s work = (𝐴 + 𝐵)’s one day’s work
T
1 1 1
ED PR
+ =
𝑥 𝑥−10 12
𝑥−10+𝑥 1
=
C
𝑥(𝑥−10) 12
©
2𝑥−10 1
=
𝑥(𝑥−10) 12
𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 = 24𝑥 − 120

𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 24𝑥 + 120 = 0
𝑥 2 − 34𝑥 + 120 = 0
𝑥 2 − 30𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 120 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 30) − 4(𝑥 − 30) = 0
(𝑥 − 30)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
(𝑥 − 30) = 0
𝑥 = 30
Or
(𝑥 − 4) = 0
𝑥=4
But 𝑥 = 3 is not correct.
therefore, 𝑥 = 30 is correct
Hence, the time taken by B to finish the work in𝑥 = 30 days
T IO S
Page No 4.73:
I
Question 2: If two pipes function simultaneously, a reservoir will be
NO A D
filled in 12 hours. One pipe fills the reservoir 10 hours faster than the
CO N
A
other. How many hours will the second pipe take to fill the reservoir?
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
Let the first pipe takes x hours to fill the reservoir. Then the second pipe
ED PR
will takes = (𝑥 + 10) hours to fill the reservoir.

Since, the faster pipe takes x hours to fill the reservoir.
C
©
1
Therefore, portion of the reservoir filled by the faster pipe in one hour = 𝑥
12
So, portion of the reservoir filled by the faster pipe in 12 hours =
𝑥
Similarly,
12
Portion of the reservoir filled by the slower pipe in 12 hours =
𝑥+10
It is given that the reservoir is filled in 12 hours.

So,
12 12
+ =1
𝑥 𝑥+10
12(𝑥+10)+12𝑥
=1
𝑥(𝑥+10)
12𝑥 + 120 + 12𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥
𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 24𝑥 − 120 = 0
𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 120 = 0
𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 120 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) + 6(𝑥 − 20) = 0
(𝑥 − 20)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 120 = 0
T IO S I
𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) + 6(𝑥 − 20) = 0
NO A D
CO N
(𝑥 − 20)(𝑥 + 6) = 0
A
(𝑥 − 20) = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑥 = 20
T
ED PR
Or
(𝑥 + 6) = 0
C
©
𝑥 = −6
But, 𝑥 cannot be negative.
(𝑥 + 10) = 20 + 10
= 30
Hence, the second pipe will takes 30 hours to fill the reservoir.
Page No 4.73:
Question 3: Two water taps together can fill a tank in 938 hours
938 hours. The tap of larger diameter takes 10 hours less than the smaller
one to fill the tank separately. Find the time in which each tap can
separately fill the tank.
ANSWER:
Let the first water tape takes x hours to fill the tank. Then the second
water tape will takes = (𝑥 + 10) hours to fill the tank.
Since, the faster water tape takes x hours to fill the tank.
Therefore, portion of the tank filled by the faster water tape in one hour
T IO S
1
=
𝑥
I
3 75
NO A D
So, portion of the tank filled by the faster water tape in 9 hours =
CO N
8 8𝑥
A
Similarly,
PY
DO U A
3 75
Portion of the tank filled by the slower water tape in 9 hours =
T 8 8(𝑥+10)
ED PR
3
It is given that the tank is filled in 9 hours.
8
C
So,
©
75 75
+ =1
8𝑥 8(𝑥+10)
75(𝑥+10)𝑥+75𝑥
=1
8𝑥(𝑥+10)
75𝑥 + 750 + 75𝑥 = 8𝑥 2 + 80𝑥

8𝑥 2 + 80𝑥 − 150𝑥 − 750 = 0
8𝑥 2 − 70𝑥 − 750 = 0
4𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 − 375 = 0
4𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 + 25𝑥 − 375 = 0
4𝑥 (𝑥 − 15) + 25(𝑥 − 15) = 0
(𝑥 − 15)(4𝑥 + 25) = 0
(𝑥 − 15) = 0
𝑥 = 15
Or
(4𝑥 + 25) = 0
−25
𝑥=
4
T IO S
I
(𝑥 + 10) = 15 + 10
NO A D
CO N
A
= 25
PY
Hence, the first water tape will takes 15 hours to fill the tank, and the
DO U A
second water tape will takes 25 hours to fill the tank.

T
ED PR
Page No 4.73:
C
©
Question 4: Two pipes running together can fill a tank in 1119

minutes1119minutes. If one pipe takes 5 minutes more than the other to
fill the tank separately, find the time in which each pipe would fill the tank
separately.
ANSWER:
Let the first pipe takes x minutes to fill the tank. Then the second pipe will
takes = (𝑥 + 5) minutes to fill the tank.
Since, the first pipe takes x minutes to fill the tank.
1
Therefore, portion of the tank filled by the first pipe in one minutes =
𝑥
1 100
So, portion of the tank filled by the first pipe in 11 minutes =
9 9𝑥
Similarly,
1 100
Portion of the tank filled by the second pipe in 11 minutes =
9 9(𝑥+5)
1
It is given that the tank is filled in 11 minutes.
9
So,
100 100
+ =1
9𝑥 9(𝑥+5)
100(𝑥+5)+100𝑥
T IO S
=1
9𝑥(𝑥+5)
I
NO A D
100𝑥 + 500 + 100𝑥 = 9𝑥 2 + 45𝑥
CO N
A
9𝑥 2 + 45𝑥 − 200𝑥 − 500 = 0
PY
9𝑥 2 − 155𝑥 − 500 = 0
DO U A
T
9𝑥 2 − 180𝑥 + 25𝑥 − 500 = 0
ED PR
9𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) + 25(𝑥 − 20) = 0

C
(𝑥 − 20)(9𝑥 + 25) = 0
©
(𝑥 − 20) = 0
𝑥 = 20
Or
(9𝑥 + 25) = 0
−25
𝑥=
9

Therefore, when x = 20 then
(𝑥 + 5) = 20 + 5 = 25
Hence, the first water tape will take 20 min to fill the tank, and the second
water tape will take 25 min to fill the tank.
Page No 4.74:
Question 5: To fill a swimming pool two pipes are used. If the pipe of
larger diameter used for 4 hours and the pipe of smaller diameter for 9
hours, only half of the pool can be filled. Find, how long it would take for
each pipe to fill the pool separately, if the pipe of smaller diameter takes
T IO S
10 hours more than the pipe of larger diameter to fill the pool?
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
A
Let the pipe of larger diameter takes x hours.
PY
DO U A
Then, the pipe of smaller diameter takes x + 10 hours to fill the pool.
T
Now, the part of the pool filled by the larger pipe in 1 hour = 1x
ED PR
1
and the part of the pool filled by the smaller pipe in 1 hour =
𝑥+10
C
If the larger pipe is used for 4 hours and the smaller pipe is used for 9
©
hours, only half of the pool can be filled,

4 9 1
∴ + =
𝑥 𝑥+10 2
4(𝑥+10)+9𝑥 1
⇒ =
𝑥(𝑥+10) 2
4𝑥+40+9𝑥 1
⇒ =
𝑥 2 +10𝑥 2
⇒ 2(13𝑥 + 40) = 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥

⇒ 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 26𝑥 − 80 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 80 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 80 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (𝑥 − 20) + 4(𝑥 − 20) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 + 4 = 0 or 𝑥 − 20 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 = −4 or 𝑥 = 20
Since, time cannot be negative.
∴ x = 20
T IO S
Thus, the pipe of larger diameter takes 20 hours and the pipe of smaller
diameter takes (20 + 10) = 30 hours to fill the pool separately.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©
Exercise 4.13
Page No 4.80:
Question 1: A piece of cloth costs Rs. 35. If the piece were 4 m longer
and each meter costs Rs. one less, the cost would remain unchanged. How
long is the piece?
ANSWER:
Let the length of the piece be x metres.
T IO S
35
Then, rate per metre =
I
𝑥
NO A D
According to question, new length = (𝑥 + 4) metres.
CO N
A
35
Since the cost remain same. Therefore, new rate per metre =
PY
𝑥+4
DO U A
It is given that
T
ED PR
35 35
− =1
𝑥 𝑥+4
35(𝑥+4)−35𝑥
C
=1
𝑥(𝑥+4)
©
35𝑥+140−35𝑥
=1
𝑥(𝑥+4)
140
=1
𝑥(𝑥+4)
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 = 140
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 140 = 0
𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 − 10𝑥 − 140 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 14) − 10(𝑥 + 14) = 0
(𝑥 + 14)(𝑥 − 10) = 0
(𝑥 + 14) = 0
𝑥 = −14
Or
(𝑥 − 10) = 0
𝑥 = 10
Because x cannot be negative.
Thus, 𝑥 = 10 is the require solution.
Therefore, the length of the piece be 𝑥 = 10 metres
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.80:
A
Question 2: Some students planned a picnic. The budget for food was Rs.
PY
DO U A
480. But eight of these failed to go and thus the cost of food for each
T
member increased by Rs. 10. How many students attended the picnic?
ED PR
ANSWER:
C
Let x students planned a picnic.

©
480
Then, the share of each student =
𝑥
According to question, 8 students fail to go picnic, then remaining

students = (𝑥 − 8).
480
Therefore, new share of each student =
𝑥−8
It is given that
480 480
− = 10
𝑥−8 𝑥
480−480(𝑥−8)
(𝑥−8)𝑥
= 10
480𝑥+3840−480𝑥
(𝑥−8)𝑥
= 10
3840
(𝑥−8)𝑥
= 10
10(𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 ) = 3840
(𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 ) = 384
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 384 = 0
𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 24𝑥 − 384 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 16) − 24(𝑥 + 16) = 0
T IO S
(𝑥 + 16)(𝑥 − 24) = 0
I
NO A D
(𝑥 + 16) = 0
CO N
A
𝑥 = −16
PY
DO U A
Or
T
(𝑥 − 24) = 0
ED PR
𝑥 = 24
C

©
Thus, the total numbers of students attend a picnic

=𝑥−8
= 24 − 8
= 16
Therefore, the total numbers of students attend a picnic be 𝑥 = 16
Page No 4.80:
Question 3: A dealer sells an article for Rs. 24 and gains as much percent
as the cost price of the article. Find the cost price of the article.
ANSWER:
Let the cost price of article be Rs. x.
Then, gain percent = x
Therefore, the selling price of article
𝑥
= (𝑥 + × 𝑥)
100
𝑥 2 +100𝑥
=
100
It is given that
T IO S
𝑥 2 +100𝑥
I
= 24
100
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 2 + 100𝑥 = 2400
A
𝑥 2 + 100𝑥 − 2400 = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑥 2 + 120𝑥 − 20𝑥 − 2400 = 0

T
ED PR
(𝑥 + 120)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
(𝑥 + 120) = 0
C
©
𝑥 = 120
Or
(𝑥 − 20) = 0
𝑥 = 20
Therefore, the cost price of article be 𝑥 = Rs. 20
Page No 4.80:
Question 4: Out of a group of swans, 7/2 times the square root of the total
number are playing on the share of a pond. The two remaining ones are
swinging in water. Find the total number of swans.
ANSWER:
Let the total number of swans be x.
T IO S
7
Then, total numbers of swans are playing on the share of a pond = √𝑥
I
2
NO A D
It is given that
CO N
A
7
√𝑥 + 2 = 𝑥
PY
2
DO U A
7
Let 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 , then 𝑦 + 2 = 𝑦 2
T
2
ED PR
7𝑦+4
= 𝑦2
2
C
2𝑦 2 = 7𝑦 + 4
©
2𝑦 2 − 7𝑦 − 4 = 0
2𝑦 2 + 8𝑦 − 𝑦 − 4 = 0
2𝑦(𝑦 + 4) − 1(𝑦 + 4) = 0
(𝑦 + 4)(2𝑦 − 1) = 0
(𝑦 + 4) = 0
𝑦 = −4
Or
(2𝑦 − 1) = 0
1
𝑦=
2
1
Because 𝑦 = is not correct.
2
Thus, 𝑦 = −4 is correct. Putting the value of y

𝑦 = −4
√𝑥 = −4
Square root both sides, we get
2
(√𝑥) = (−4)2
T IO S
𝑥 = 16
I
NO A D
Therefore, the total number of swans be 𝑥 = 16
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.80:
T
ED PR
Question 5: If the list price of a toy is reduced by Rs. 2, a person can buy
2 toys more for Rs. 360. Find the original price of the toy.
C
ANSWER:
©
Let the original list price of the toy be Rs. x.

360
Then, the number of toys brought for Rs.360 =
𝑥
According to question, reduced list price of the toys = Rs. (𝑥 − 2).

360
Therefore, the number of toys brought for Rs.360 =
𝑥−2
It is given that
360 360
− =2
𝑥−2 𝑥
360𝑥−360(𝑥−2)
(𝑥−2)𝑥
=2
360𝑥−360𝑥+720
(𝑥−2)𝑥
=2
720
(𝑥−2)𝑥
=2
2(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 ) = 720
(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 ) = 360
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 360 = 0
𝑥 2 + 18𝑥 − 20𝑥 − 360 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 18) − 20(𝑥 + 18) = 0
T IO S
(𝑥 + 18) = 0
I
NO A D
𝑥 = −18
CO N
A
Or
PY
(𝑥 − 20) = 0
DO U A
T
𝑥 = 20
ED PR

C

©
Therefore, the original list price of the toy be 𝑥 = 𝑅𝑠. 20
Page No 4.80:
Question 6: Rs. 9000 were divided equally among a certain number of
persons. Had there been 20 more persons, each would have got Rs. 160
less. Find the original number of persons.
ANSWER:
Let the original number of persons be x.
Then, by the given information,
9000 9000
− 160 =
𝑥 𝑥+20
9000−160𝑥 9000
=
𝑥 𝑥+20
(𝑥 + 20)(9000 − 160𝑥 ) = 9000𝑥

9000𝑥 − 160𝑥 2 + 180000 − 3200𝑥 = 9000𝑥
16𝑥 2 − 180000 + 3200 = 0
𝑥 2 − 1125 + 20𝑥 = 0
𝑥 2 − 1125 + 20𝑥 + 100 = 100
T IO S
(𝑥 + 10)2 = 1225
I
NO A D 𝑥 + 10 = 35
CO N
A
𝑥 = 25
PY
Thus, the original number of persons is Rs 25.
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.80:
C
Question 7: Some students planned a picnic. The budget for food was Rs.
©
500. But, 5 of them failed to go and thus the cost of food for each member
increased by Rs. 5. How many students attended the picnic?
ANSWER:
Let x students planned a picnic.
500
Then, the share of each student =
𝑥
According to question, 5 students fail to go picnic, then remaining

students = (𝑥 − 5).
500
Therefore, new share of each student =
𝑥−5
It is given that
500 500
− =5
𝑥−5 𝑥
500𝑥−500(𝑥−5)
(𝑥−5)𝑥
=5
500𝑥−500𝑥+2500
(𝑥−5)𝑥
=5
2500
(𝑥−5)𝑥
=5
T IO S
5(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 ) = 2500
I
NO A D
(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 ) = 500
CO N
A
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 500 = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑥 (𝑥 + 20) − 25(𝑥 + 20) = 0
T
(𝑥 + 20)(𝑥 − 25) = 0
ED PR
(𝑥 + 20) = 0
C
𝑥 = −20
©
Or
(𝑥 − 25) = 0
𝑥 = 25
Thus, the total numbers of students attend a picnic
=𝑥−5
= 25 − 5
= 20
Therefore, the total numbers of students attend a picnic be 𝑥 = 20
Page No 4.80:
Question 8: A pole has to be erected at a point on the boundary of a
circular park of diameter 13 meters in such a way that the difference of its
distance from two diametrically opposite fixed gates A and B on the
boundary is 7 meters. Is it the possible to do so? If yes, at what distances
from the two gates should the pole be erected?
ANSWER:
T IO S
Let P be the required location on the boundary of a circular park such that
I
NO A D
its distance from gate B is = 𝑥 metres that is BP = 𝑥 metres
CO N
A
Then, AP = 𝑥 + 7
PY
DO U A
In the right triangle ABP we have by using Pythagoras theorem
T
𝐴𝑃2 + 𝐵𝑃2 = 𝐴𝐵²
ED PR
(𝑥 + 7)2 + 𝑥 2 = (13)2
C
𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 + 49 + 𝑥 2 = 169
©
2𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 + 49 − 169 = 0
2𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 − 120 = 0
2(𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 60) = 0
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 60 = 0
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 60 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 12) − 5(𝑥 + 12) = 0
(𝑥 + 12)(𝑥 − 5) = 0
(𝑥 + 12) = 0
𝑥 = −12
Or
(𝑥 − 5) = 0
𝑥=5
But, the side of right triangle can never be negative.
Therefore, 𝑥 = 5
Hence, P is at a distance of 5 metres from the gate B.
T IO S I
Page No 4.80:
NO A D
CO N
Question 9: In a class test, the sum of the marks obtained by P in
A
Mathematics and science is 28. Had he got 3 marks more in mathematics
PY
and 4 marks less in Science. The product of his marks would have been
DO U A
180. Find his marks in two subjects.

T
ED PR
ANSWER:
Let marks obtained by P in mathematics be x, then in science = (28 − 𝑥 )
C
©
It is given that,
(𝑥 + 3) × (28 − 𝑥 − 4) = 180
(𝑥 + 3) × (24 − 𝑥 ) = 180
24𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 72 − 3𝑥 = 180
−𝑥 2 + 21𝑥 + 72 − 180 = 0
−(𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 + 108) = 0
𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 + 108 = 0
𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 9𝑥 + 108 = 0
(𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 − 9) = 0
(𝑥 − 12) = 0
𝑥 = 12
Or
(𝑥 − 9) = 0
𝑥=9
(28 − 𝑥 ) = (28 − 12)
T IO S
= 16
I
Hence, marks in mathematics 𝑥 = 12 and marks in science = 16.
NO A D
CO N
Or, when 𝑥 = 9 then
A
(28 − 𝑥 ) = (28 − 9)
PY
DO U A
= 19
T
ED PR

C
Page No 4.81:
©
Question 10: In a class test, the sum of Shefali's marks in Mathematics

and English is 30. Had she got 2 marks more in mathematics and 3 marks
less in English, the product of her marks would have been 210. Find her
marks in two subjects.
ANSWER:
Let marks obtained by Shefali in mathematics be x, then in English =
(30 − 𝑥)
It is given that,
(𝑥 + 2) × (30 − 𝑥 − 3) = 210
(𝑥 + 2) × (27 − 𝑥 ) = 210
27𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 54 − 2𝑥 = 210
−𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 + 54 − 210 = 0
−(𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 156) = 0
𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 156 = 0
𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 13𝑥 + 156 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 12) − 13(𝑥 − 12) = 0
T IO S
(𝑥 − 12)(𝑥 − 13) = 0
I
(𝑥 − 12) = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 = 12
A
Or
PY
DO U A
(𝑥 − 13) = 0
T
ED PR
𝑥 = 13
C
©
(30 − 𝑥 ) = (30 − 12)

= 18
Or,
when 𝑥 = 13 then
(30 − 𝑥 ) = (28 − 13)
= 17
Page No 4.81:
Question 11: A cottage industry produces a certain number of pottery
articles in a day. It was observed on a particular day that the cost of
production on each article (in rupees) was 3 more than twice the number
of articles produced on that day. If the total cost of production on that day
was Rs. 90, find the number of articles produced and the cost of each
article.
ANSWER:
Let the number of article produced by the cottage industry be x.
T IO S
Then the cost of production of each article = 𝑅𝑠. (2𝑥 + 3)
I
NO A D
It is given that total cost of production = 𝑅𝑠. 90
CO N
A
Therefore,
PY
DO U A
𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) = 90
T
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 = 90
ED PR
2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 90 = 0
C
2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 15𝑥 − 90 = 0
©
2𝑥 (𝑥 − 6) + 15(𝑥 − 6) = 0
(𝑥 − 6)(2𝑥 + 15) = 0
(𝑥 − 6) = 0
𝑥=6
Or
(2𝑥 + 15) = 0
−15
𝑥=
2
Therefore, x cannot be negative.

So, when 𝑥 = 6 then
(2𝑥 + 3) = (2 × 6 + 3)
= 12 + 3
= 15
Hence, the number of article produced by the cottage industry be 𝑥 =
6 and the cost of production of each article = 15.
Page No 4.81:
T IO S
Question 12: At t minutes past 2 pm the time needed by the minute’s hand
I
NO A D
and a clock to show 3 pm was found to be 3 minutes less than
𝑡2
minutes.
CO N
4
A
Find t.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
It is given that at t minutes past 2 pm the time needed by the minute’s
ED PR
𝑡2
hand and a clock to show 3 pm was found to be 3 minutes less than
4
𝑡2
C
minutes i.e. −3.

©
There are 60 minutes in 1 hour, so at t minutes past 2, time left to 3 will

be 60 − 𝑡 minutes.
𝑡2
⇒ 60 − 𝑡 = −3
4
⇒ 240 − 4𝑡 = 𝑡 2 − 12
⇒ 𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 − 252 = 0
⇒ 𝑡 2 + 18𝑡 − 14𝑡 − 252 = 0
⇒ 𝑡(𝑡 + 18) − 14(𝑡 + 18) = 0
⇒ (𝑡 − 14)(𝑡 + 18) = 0
⇒ 𝑡 = 14 or 𝑡 = −18
We ignore the negative value because time cannot be negative.
Therefore, t = 14
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (VSAQs)

Page No 4.82:
Question 1: Write the value of k for which the quadratic equation
x2 − kx + 4 = 0 has equal roots.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
The given quadric equation is x2 − kx + 4 = 0, and roots are equal.
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 4
T
ED PR
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 4

C
= (−𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × 4
©
= 𝑘 2 − 16
The given equation will have equal roots, if 𝐷 = 0
𝑘 2 − 16 = 0
𝑘 2 = 16
𝑘 = √16
=±4
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = ±4
Page No 4.82:
Question 2: What is the nature of roots of the quadratic equation 4x2 −
12x − 9 = 0?
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is 4x2 − 12x − 9 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −13 and, 𝑐 = 9
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −12 and, 𝑐 = −9
T IO S
= (−12)2 − 4 × 4 × −9
I
NO A D
= 144 + 144
CO N
A
= 288
PY
DO U A
Since, 𝐷 ≥ 0
T
ED PR
Therefore, root of the given equation are real and distinct .

Page No 4.82:
C
Question 3: If 1 + √2 is a root of a quadratic equation will rational

©
coefficients, write its other root.

ANSWER:
Given that (1 + √2 ) is a root of the quadratic equation with rational
coefficients.
Then find the other root.
As we know that if (1 + √2 ) is a root of the quadratic equation with
rational coefficients then other roots be (1 − √2 ).
Hence, the require root of the quadratic equation be (1 − √2 )

Page No 4.82:
Question 4: Write the number of real roots of the equation x2 + 3 |x| + 2
= 0.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is x2 + 3 |x| + 2 = 0
x2 + 3 |x| + 2 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = ±3 and, 𝑐 = 2
T IO S
I
NO A D
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = ±3 and, 𝑐 = 2
CO N
A
= (±3)2 − 4 × 1 × 2
PY
DO U A
=9−8
T
ED PR
=1
Since, 𝐷 ≥ 0
C
Therefore, roots of the given equation are real and distinct.

©
∴ The number of real roots of the given equation is 4.
Page No 4.82:
Question 5: Write the sum of real roots of the equation x2 + |x| − 6 = 0.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is x2 + |x| − 6 = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = ±1 and, 𝑐 = −6
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = ±1 and, 𝑐 = −6
= (±1)2 − 4 × 1 × −6
= 1 + 24
= 25
Since, 𝐷 ≥ 0
Thus, sum of the roots be = 0
T IO S I
Page No 4.82:
NO A D
CO N
Question 6: Write the set of value of 'a' for which the equation x2 + ax −
A
1 = 0 has real roots.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
The given quadric equation is x2 + ax − 1 = 0
ED PR
Then find the value of a.

C
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑎 and, 𝑐 = −1
©

Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑎 and, 𝑐 = −1
= (𝑎)2 − 4 × 1 × −1
= 𝑎2 + 4
The given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷 > 0.
𝑎2 + 4 > 0
⇒ 𝑎2 > −4 which is true for all real values of a.
Therefore, for all real values of a, the given equation has real roots.
Page No 4.82:
Question 7: Is there any real value of 'a' for which the equation x2 + 2x +
(a2 + 1) = 0 has real roots?
ANSWER:
Let quadratic equation x2 + 2x + (a2 + 1) = 0 has real roots.
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2 and, 𝑐 = (𝑎2 + 1)
T IO S
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2 and, 𝑐 = (𝑎2 + 1) we get
I
NO A D
𝐷 = (2)2 − 4 × 1 × (𝑎2 + 1)
CO N
A
= 4 − 4(𝑎2 + 1)
PY
= − 4𝑎2
DO U A
T
The given equation will have equal roots, if 𝐷 > 0
ED PR
i.e. −4𝑎2 > 0

C
©
⇒ 𝑎2 < 0
which is not possible, as the square of any number is always positive.
Thus, No, there is no any real value of a for which the given equation has
real roots.
Page No 4.82:
Question 8: Write the value of λ for which x2 + 4x + λ is a perfect square.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is x2 + 4x + λ = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4 and, 𝑐 = λ
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4 and, 𝑐 = λ
= (4)2 − 4 × 1 × λ
= 16 − 4λ
The given equation are perfect square, if 𝐷 = 0
T IO S
14 − 4λ = 0
I
4λ = 16
NO A D
CO N
16
λ=
A
4
PY
=4
DO U A
T
Therefore, the value of λ = 4
ED PR
Page No 4.82:
C
Question 9: Write the condition to be satisfied for which equations ax2 +

©
2bx + c = 0 and 𝑏𝑥 2 − 2√𝑎𝑐𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 have equal roots.

ANSWER:
𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 …... (1)
And, 𝑏𝑥 2 − 2√𝑎𝑐𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 …… (2)
roots are equal.
Then,
𝐷1 = (2𝑏)2 − 4𝑎𝑐
= 4𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2
And 𝐷2 = (−2√𝑎𝑐) − 4 × 𝑏 × 𝑏
= 4𝑎𝑐 − 4𝑏 2
Both the given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷1 ≥ 0 and 𝐷2 ≥ 0.
4𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 0
4𝑏 2 ≥ 4𝑎𝑐
𝑏 2 ≥ 𝑎𝑐 …… (3)
T IO S
4𝑎𝑐 − 4𝑏 2 ≥ 0
I
4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 4𝑏 2
NO A D
CO N
𝑎𝑐 ≥ 𝑏 2
A
…... (4)
PY
From equations (3) and (4) we get
DO U A
T
𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑐
ED PR
Hence, 𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑐 is the condition under which the given equations have

equal roots.
C
©
Page No 4.82:
Question 10: Write the set of value of k for which the quadratic equations
has 2x2 + kx − 8 = 0 has real roots.
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is 2x2 + kx − 8 = 0, and roots are real.
Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = −8
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = −8
= (𝑘)2 − 4 × 2 × (−8)
= 𝑘 2 + 64
The given equation will have real roots, if 𝐷 > 0
I.e., 𝑘 2 + 64 > 0 which is true for all real values of k.
Therefore, for all real values of k, the given equation has real roots.
T IO S
Page No 4.82:
I
Question 11: Write a quadratic polynomial, sum of whose zeros
NO A D
is 2√3 and their product is 2.
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
As we know that the quadratic polynomial
T
ED PR
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑘[𝑥 2 − (sum of their roots)𝑥 + (product of their roots)]

C
(sum of their roots) = 2√3

©
And (product of their roots) = 2

Thus putting the value in above,
𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑘[𝑥 2 − 2√3𝑥 + 2] where k is real number.
Therefore, the quadratic polynomial be 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑘[𝑥 2 − 2√3𝑥 + 2].
Page No 4.82:
Question 12: Show that x = −3 is a solution of x2 + 6x + 9 = 0.
ANSWER:
Given that the equation 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9 = 0
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 = 9 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 + 3) + 3(𝑥 + 3) = 0
(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
(𝑥 + 3)2 = 0
Square root both side, we get
(𝑥 + 3) = 0
T IO S
𝑥 = −3
I
Therefore, 𝑥 = −3 is the solution of given equation.
NO A D
CO N
Hence, proved.
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.82:
C
Question 13: Show that x = −2 is a solution of 3x2 + 13x + 14 = 0.

©
ANSWER:
Given that the equation 3x2 + 13x + 14 = 0
3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 14 = 0
𝑥 (3𝑥 + 7) + 2(3𝑥 + 7) = 0
(3𝑥 + 7)(𝑧 + 2) = 0
(3𝑥 + 7) = 0
−7
𝑥=
3
Or
(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 = −2
Therefore, 𝑥 = −2 is the solution of given equation.
Hence, proved.
Page No 4.82:
Question 14: Find the discriminant of the quadratic equation 3√3𝑥 2 +
10𝑥 + √3 = 0.
T IO S I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
Given that quadric equation is 3√3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + √3 = 0.
A
Then, find the value of discrimenant.
PY
DO U A
Here, 𝑎 = 3√3, 𝑏 = 10 and, 𝑐 = √3

T
ED PR

Putting the value of 𝑎 = 3√3, 𝑏 = 10 and, 𝑐 = √3
C
©
= (10)2 − 4 × 3√3 × √3
= 100 − 36
= 64
Thus, the value of discriminant be 𝐷 = 64.
Page No 4.82:
1
Question 15: If 𝑥 = − , is a solution of the quadratic equation 3𝑥 2 +
2
2𝑘𝑥 − 3 = 0, find the value of k.
ANSWER:
1
Since, 𝑥 = − , is a solution of the quadratic equation 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑘𝑥 − 3 = 0.
2
So, it satisfies the given equation.

1 2 1
∴ 3 (− ) + 2𝑘 (− ) − 3 = 0
2 2
3
⇒ −𝑘−3=0
4
3
⇒𝑘 = −3
4
T IO S
3−12
⇒𝑘=
I
4
⇒𝑘=− NO A D
9
CO N
4
A
9
Thus, the value of k is − .
PY
DO U A
4
T
ED PR
Page No 4.82:
Question 16: If x = 3 is one root of the quadratic equation x2 – 2kx – 6 =
C
©
0, then find the value of k.

ANSWER:
If x = 3 is a root of the quadratic equation x2 − 2kx − 6 = 0, then it will
satisfy the given equation.
Put x = 3 in given quadratic equation
⇒ 32 − 2k(3) − 6 = 0
⇒ k = 1212
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Page No 4.82:
Question 1: If the equation x2 + 4x + k = 0 has real and distinct roots,
then
(a) k < 4
(b) k > 4
(c) k ≥ 4
T IO S
(d) k ≤ 4
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
The given quadric equation is x2 + 4x + k = 0, and roots are real and
A
distinct.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4 and, 𝑐 = 𝑘
C
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4 and, 𝑐 = 𝑘

©
= (4)2 − 4 × 1 × 𝑘
= 16 − 4𝑘
16 − 4𝑘 > 0
4𝑘 < 16
16
𝑘<
4
<4
Thus, the correct answer is (𝑎)
Page No 4.83:
Question 2: If the equation x2 − 𝑎𝑥 + 1 = 0 has two distinct roots, then
(a) |a| = 2
(b) |a| < 2
(c) |a| > 2
T IO S
(d) None of these
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
The given quadric equation is x2 − 𝑎𝑥 + 1 = 0, and roots are distinct.
PY
DO U A
T
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑎 and, 𝑐 = 1
ED PR

C
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑎 and, 𝑐 = 1

©
= (𝑎)2 − 4 × 1 × 1
= 𝑎2 − 4
𝑎2 − 4 > 0
𝑎2 > 4
𝑎 > √4
> ±2
Therefore, the value of |𝑎| > 2
Thus, the correct answer is (𝑐)
Page No 4.83:
Question 3: If the equation 9x2 + 6kx + 4 = 0 has equal roots, then the
roots are both equal to
2
(a) ±
3
T IO S
3
(b) ±
2
I
(c) 0
NO A D
CO N
(d) ±3
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
The given quadric equation is 9x2 + 6kx + 4 = 0, and roots are equal.
T
ED PR
Then find roots of given equation.

Here, 𝑎 = 9, 𝑏 = 6𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 4
C

©
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 9, 𝑏 = 6𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 4

= (6𝑘 2 ) − 4 × 9 × 4
= 36𝑘 2 − 144
36𝑘 2 − 144 = 0
36(𝑘 2 − 4) = 0
𝑘2 − 4 = 0
𝑘2 = 4
𝑘 = ±2
So, putting the value of k in quadratic equation
When 𝑘 = 2 then equation be and when 𝑘 = −2 then
9𝑥 2 + 6 × 2𝑥 + 4 = 0 9𝑥 2 + 6 × −2𝑥 + 4 = 0
9𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 4 = 0 9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 4 = 0
9𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 4 = 0 9𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 4 = 0
3𝑥 (3𝑥 + 2) + 2(3𝑥 + 2) = 0 3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 2) + 2(3𝑥 − 2) = 0
(3𝑥 + 2)(3𝑥 + 2) = 0 (3𝑥 − 2)(3𝑥 − 2) = 0

(3𝑥 + 2) = 0 (3𝑥 − 2) = 0
T IO S
2 2
𝑥=− 𝑥=
I
3 3
NO A D
CO N
A
2
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 = ±
PY
3
DO U A

T
ED PR
Page No 4.83:
C
©
Question 4: If ax2 + bx + c = 0 has equal roots, then c =
−𝑏
(a)
2𝑎
𝑏
(b)
2𝑎
−𝑏2
(c)
4𝑎
𝑏2
(d)
4𝑎
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is ax2 + bx + c = 0, and roots are equal
Then find the value of c.
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be two roots of given equation 𝛼 = 𝛽
Then, as we know that sum of the roots
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛼 =
𝑎
−𝑏
2𝛼 =
𝑎
−𝑏
𝛼=
2𝑎
T IO S
And the product of the roots
I
𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
NO A D
𝑎
CO N
A
𝑐
𝛼𝛼 =
𝑎
PY
DO U A
Putting the value of 𝛼
T
ED PR
−𝑏 −𝑏 𝑐
× =
C
2𝑎 2𝑎 𝑎
©
𝑏2
=𝑐
4𝑎
𝑏2
Therefore, the value of 𝑐 =
4𝑎
Thus, the correct answer is (𝑑)
Page No 4.83:
Question 5: If the equation ax2 + 2x + a = 0 has two distinct roots, if
(a) a = ±1
(b) a = 0
(c) a = 0, 1
(d) a = −1, 0
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is ax2 + 2x + a = 0, and roots are distinct.
Here, 𝑎 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = 2 and, 𝑐 = 𝑎
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = 2 and, 𝑐 = 𝑎
= (2)2 − 4 × 𝑎 × 𝑎
T IO S I
= 4 − 4𝑎2
NO A D
CO N
A
4 − 4𝑎2 = 0
PY
DO U A
4𝑎2 = 4
T
ED PR
4
𝑎2 =
4
C
𝑎 = √1
©
=±1
Therefore, the value of 𝑎 = ±1
Page No 4.83:
Question 6: The positive value of k for which the equation x2 + kx + 64
= 0 and x2 − 8x + k = 0 will both have real roots, is
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 12
(d) 16
ANSWER:
The given quadric equations are x2 + kx + 64 = 0, and x2 − 8x + k = 0
roots are real.
Here, 𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 64 = 0 ….. (1)
T IO S
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 ….. (2)
I
NO A D
𝑎1 = 1, 𝑏1 = 𝑘 and 𝑐1 = 64
CO N
A
𝑎2 = 1, 𝑏2 = −8 and 𝑐2 = 𝑘
PY
As we know that 𝐷1 = 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
DO U A
T
Putting the value of 𝑎1 = 1, 𝑏1 = 𝑘 and 𝑐1 = 64
ED PR
C
= (𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × 64
©
= 𝑘 2 − 256
𝑘 2 − 256 = 0
𝑘 2 = 256
𝑘 = √256
𝑘 = ±16
Therefore, putting the value of 𝑘 = 16 in equation (2) we get
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16 = 0
(𝑥 − 4)2 = 0
𝑥−4=0
𝑥=4
The value of 𝑘 = 16 satisfying to both equations
Page No 4.83:
T IO S
Question 7: The value of √6 + √6 + √6 + .... is
I
(a) 4
NO A D
CO N
(b) 3
A
(c) −2
PY
DO U A
(d) 3.5
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
Let 𝑥 = √6 + √6 + √6 + √6 + ....
C
©
Squaring both sides, we get
𝑥 2 = 6 + √6 + √6 + √6 + √6 + …..
𝑥2 = 6 + 𝑥
𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 6 = 0
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 6 = 0
𝑥 (𝑥 − 3) + 2(𝑥 − 3) = 0
(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
(𝑥 + 3) = 0
𝑥=3
Or
(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 = −2
The value of x cannot be negative.
Thus, the value of x = 3
Therefore, the correct answer is (𝑏)
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 4.83:
A
Question 8: If 2 is a root of the equation x2 + bx + 12 = 0 and the
PY
DO U A
equation x2 + bx + q = 0 has equal roots, then q =
T
ED PR
(a) 8
(b) −8
C
(c) 16
©
(d) −16
ANSWER:
2 is the common roots given quadric equation are x2 + bx + 12 = 0,
and x2 + bx + q = 0
Then find the value of q.
Here, x2 + bx + 12 = 0 …... (1)
x2 + bx + q = 0 …... (2)
Putting the value of 𝑥 = 2 in equation (1) we get
22 + 𝑏 × 2 + 12 = 0
4 + 2𝑏 + 12 = 0
2𝑏 = −16
𝑏 = −8
Now, putting the value of 𝑏 = −8 in equation (2) we get
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0
Then,
𝑎2 = 1, 𝑏2 = −8 and 𝑐2 = 𝑞
T IO S I
Putting the value of 𝑎2 = 1, 𝑏2 = −8 and 𝑐3 = 𝑞
NO A D
CO N
= (−8)2 − 4 × 1 × 𝑞
A
= 64 − 4𝑞
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
64 − 4𝑞 = 0
4𝑞 = 64
C
©
64
𝑞=
4
𝑞 = 16
Page No 4.83:
Question 9: If the equations (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 )𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑)𝑥 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑑 2 = 0 has
equal roots, then
(a) ab = cd
(b) ad = bc
(c) 𝑎𝑑 = √𝑏𝑐
(d) 𝑎𝑏 = √𝑐𝑑
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 )𝑥 2 − 2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑)𝑥 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑑 2 = 0,
and roots are equal.
Here, 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ), 𝑏 = −2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑) and, 𝑐 = 𝑐2 + 𝑑2
T IO S
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ), 𝑏 = −2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑) and, 𝑐 = 𝑐2 + 𝑑2
I
NO A D
= {−2(𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑)}2 − 4 × (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) × (𝑐2 + 𝑑2 )
CO N
A
= 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 4𝑏 2 𝑑2 + 8𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 − 4(𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑑2 )
PY
DO U A
= 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 4𝑏 2 𝑑2 + 8𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑑2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑑2
T
= +8𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 − 4𝑎2 𝑑 2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2
ED PR
= −4(𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑)
C

©
−4(𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑) = 0
𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 = 0
(𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐)2 = 0
𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 = 0
𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐
Thus, the correct answer is (𝑏)
Page No 4.83:
Question 10: If the roots of the equations (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 2 − 2𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐)𝑥 +
(𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ) = 0 are equal, then
(a) 2b = a + c
(b) b2 = ac
2𝑎𝑐
(c) 𝑏 =
𝑎+ 𝑐
(d) b = ac
ANSWER:
T IO S
The given quadric equation is (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 )𝑥 2 − 2𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 = 0, and
I
roots are equal.
NO A D
CO N
Here, 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ), 𝑏 = −2𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐) and, 𝑐 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐2
A
PY
DO U A
T
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ), 𝑏 = −2𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐) and, 𝑐 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐2
ED PR
= {−2𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐)}2 − 4 × (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) × (𝑏2 + 𝑐2 )

= 4𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 8𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐 − 4(𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 4 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 )
C
©
= 4𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 8𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐 − 4𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑏 4 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2

= +8𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑏 4
= −4(𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 4 − 2𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐)
−4(𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 4 − 2𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐) = 0
𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 4 − 2𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐 = 0
(𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏 2 )2 = 0
𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏 2 = 0
𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏 2
Page No 4.83:
Question 11: If the equation x2 − bx + 1 = 0 does not possess real roots,
then
(a) −3 < b < 3

(b) −2 < b < 2
T IO S
(c) b > 2
I
(d) b < −2
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
The given quadric equation is x2 − bx + 1 = 0, and does not have real roots.
PY
DO U A
T
Then find the value of b.
ED PR
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑏 and, 𝑐 = 1
C
©
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑏 and, 𝑐 = 1

= (−𝑏)2 − 4 × 1 × 1
= 𝑏2 − 4
The given equation does not have real roots, if 𝐷 > 0
𝑏2 − 4 < 0
𝑏2 < 4
𝑏 < √4
𝑏 <±2
Therefore, the value of −2 < 𝑏 < 2
Page No 4.83:
Question 12: If x = 1 is a common roots of the equations ax2 + ax + 3 = 0
and x2 + x + b = 0, then ab =
(a) 3
(b) 3.5
(c) 6
(d) −3
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
𝑥 = 1 is the common roots given quadric equation are ax2 + ax + 3 = 0,
CO N
A
and x2 + x + b = 0
PY
DO U A
T
Here, ax2 + ax + 3 = 0 …... (1)
ED PR
x2 + x + b = 0 ….. (2)
C

©
𝑎 × 12 + 𝑎 × 1 + 3 = 0
𝑎+𝑎+3=0
2𝑎 = −3
3
𝑎=−
2
Now, putting the value of 𝑥 = 1 in equation (2) we get

12 + 1 + 𝑏 = 0
2+𝑏 =0
𝑏 = −2
Then,
−3
𝑎𝑏 = × (−2)
2
=3
Page No 4.83:
Question 13: If p and q are the roots of the equation x2 − px + q = 0,
T IO S
then
I
(a) p = 1, q = −2
NO A D
CO N
(b) b = 0, q = 1
A
(c) p = −2, q = 0
PY
(d) p = −2, q = 1
DO U A
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
Given that p and q be the roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0

C
Then find the value of p and q.

©
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −𝑝 and 𝑐 = 𝑞
p and q be the roots of the given equation
Therefore, sum of the roots
−𝑏
𝑝+𝑞 =
𝑎
−𝑝
=
1
= −𝑝
𝑞 = −𝑝 − 𝑝
= −2𝑝 ….. (1)
Product of the roots
𝑞
As we know that 𝑝 × 𝑞 =
1
𝑞
𝑝=
𝑞
=1
Putting the value of 𝑝 = 1 in equation (1)

𝑞 = −2 × 1
T IO S
= −2
I
NO A D
Therefore, the value of 𝑝 = 1; 𝑞 = −2
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
Page No 4.83:
ED PR
Question 14: If a and b can take values 1, 2, 3, 4. Then the number of

the equations of the form ax2 + bx + 1 = 0 having real roots is
C
©
(a) 10
(b) 7
(c) 6
(d) 12
ANSWER:
Given that the equation ax2 + bx + 1 = 0.
For given equation to have real roots, discriminant (D) ≥ 0
⇒ b2 − 4a ≥ 0
⇒ b2 ≥ 4a
⇒ b ≥ 2√a
Now, it is given that 𝑎 and b can take the values of 1, 2, 3 and 4.
The above condition b ≥ 2√a can be satisfied when
i) b = 4 and a = 1, 2, 3, 4
ii) b = 3 and a = 1, 2
iii) b = 2 and a = 1
So, there will be a maximum of 7 equations for the values of (a, b) = (1,
4), (2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4), (1, 3), (2, 3) and (1, 2).
T IO S
Thus, the correct option is (b).
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 4.83:
PY
DO U A
Question 15: The number of quadratic equations having real roots and
T
which do not change by squaring their roots is
ED PR
(a) 4
C
(b) 3
©
(c) 2
(d) 1
ANSWER:
As we know that the number of quadratic equations having real roots and
which do not change by squaring their roots is 2.
Page No 4.84:
Question 16:If (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑑)𝑥 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑑2 = 0 has no real
roots, then
(a) ab = bc
(b) ab = cd
(c) ac = bd
(d) ad ≠ bc
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 )𝑥 2 + 2(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑑)𝑥 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑑 2 = 0,
and roots are equal.
Here, 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = 2(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑑) and, 𝑐 = 𝑐 2 + 𝑑2
T IO S
I
NO A D
Putting the value of 𝑎 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ), 𝑏 = 2(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑑) and, 𝑐 = 𝑐 2 + 𝑑2
CO N
A
= {2(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑑)}2 − 4 × (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) × (𝑐 2 + 𝑑2 )
PY
DO U A
= 4𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 4𝑏 2 𝑑2 + 8𝑎𝑏 2 𝑑 − 4(𝑎2 𝑐 2 + 𝑎2 𝑑2 + 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑑2 )
T
ED PR
= 4𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 4𝑏 2 𝑑2 + 8𝑎𝑏 2 𝑑 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑑2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑐 2 − 4𝑏 2 𝑑2

= 4(𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 2 𝑑 − 𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 𝑑2 − 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 )
C
The given equation will have no real roots, if 𝐷 < 0

©
4(𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 2 𝑑 − 𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 𝑑2 − 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 ) < 0

𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 2 𝑑 − 𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 𝑑2 − 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 < 0
𝑎𝑑 ≠ 𝑏𝑐
Page No 4.84:
Question 17: If the sum of the roots of the equation x2 − x = λ(2x − 1) is
zero, then λ =
(a) −2
(b) 2
1
(c) −
2
1
(d)
2
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 = 𝜆(2𝑥 − 1), and roots are zero.
Then find the value of 𝜆.
Here,
T IO S
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 = 𝜆(2𝑥 − 1)
I
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2𝜆𝑥 + 𝜆 = 0
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2𝜆𝑥 + 𝜆 = 0
A
PY
𝑥 2 − (1 + 2𝜆)𝑥 + 𝜆 = 0
DO U A
T
ED PR
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = (1 + 2𝜆) and 𝑐 = 𝜆

C
= {−1(1 + 2𝜆)}2 − 4 × 1 × 𝜆
©
= 1 + 4𝜆 + 𝜆2 − 4𝜆
= 1 + 4𝜆2
The given equation will have zero roots, if 𝐷 = 0
1 + 4𝜆2 = 0
4𝜆2 = −1
−1
𝜆2 =
4
−1
𝜆=√
4
−1
=
2
1
Therefore, the value of 𝜆 = −
2
Page No 4.84:
Question 18: If x = 1 is a common root of ax2 + ax + 2 = 0
and x2 + x + b = 0, then, ab =
(a) 1
T IO S
(b) 2
I
(c) 4
NO A D
CO N
(d) 3
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
𝑥 = 1 is the common roots given quadric equation are ax2 + ax + 2 = 0,
T
and x2 + x + b = 0
ED PR
Then find the value of ab.

C
Here, ax2 + ax + 2 = 0 …... (1)

©
x2 + x + b = 0 …... (2)
12 + 1 + 𝑏 = 0
2+𝑏 =0
𝑏 = −2
Now, putting the value of 𝑥 = 1 in equation (1) we get
𝑎+𝑎+2=0
2𝑎 + 2 = 0
−2
𝑎=
2
= −1
Then, 𝑎𝑏 = (−1) × (−2)
=2
Page No 4.84:
Question 19: The value of c for which the equation ax2 + 2bx + c = 0
T IO S
has equal roots is
I
𝑏2
(a) NO A D
CO N
𝑎
A
𝑏2
(b)
4𝑎
PY
DO U A
𝑎2
(c)
𝑏
T
ED PR
𝑎2
(d)
4𝑏
ANSWER:
C
©
The given quadric equation is ax2 + 2bx + c = 0, and roots are equal
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽be two roots of given equation 𝛼 = 𝛽
−2𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−2𝑏
𝛼+𝛼 =
𝑎
−2𝑏
2𝛼 =
𝑎
−𝑏
𝛼=
𝑎

𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
𝑎
𝑐
𝛼𝛼 =
𝑎
Putting the value of 𝛼

−𝑏 −𝑏 𝑐
× =
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
𝑏2
=𝑐
𝑎
T IO S
𝑏2
𝑎
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 4.84:
T
Question 20: If 𝑥 2 + 𝑘(4𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 2 = 0 has equal roots, then k =
ED PR
2
(a) − , 1
C
3
©
2
(b) , −1
3
3 1
(c) ,
2 3
3 1
(d) − , −
2 3
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 + 𝑘 (4𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 2 = 0, and roots are
equal
𝑥 2 + 𝑘 (4𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 2 = 0
𝑥 2 + 4𝑘𝑥 + (𝑘 2 − 𝑘 + 2) = 0
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑘 2 − 𝑘 + 2
Putting the value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 4𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑘 2 − 𝑘 + 2
= (4𝑘)2 − 4 × 1 × (𝑘 2 − 𝑘 + 2)
= 16𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 − 8
= 12𝑘 2 + 4𝑘 − 8
= 4(3𝑘 2 + 𝑘 − 2)
T IO S
The given equation will have real and distinct roots, if 𝐷 = 0
I
4(3𝑘 2 + 𝑘 − 2) = 0
NO A D
CO N
3𝑘 2 + 𝑘 − 2 = 0
A
3𝑘 2 + 3𝑘 − 2𝑘 − 2 = 0
PY
DO U A
3𝑘(𝑘 + 1) − 2(𝑘 + 1) = 0
T
ED PR
(𝑘 + 1)(3𝑘 − 2) = 0
(𝑘 + 1) = 0
C
©
𝑘 = −1
Or
(3𝑘 − 2) = 0
2
𝑘=
3
2
Therefore, the value of 𝑘 = ; −1
3
Page No 4.84:
Question 21: If the sum and product of the roots of the equation kx2 +
6x + 4k = 0 are real, then k =
3
(a) −
2
3
(b)
2
2
(c)
3
2
(d) −
3
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
The given quadric equation is 𝑘𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 4𝑘 = 0, and roots are equal
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be two roots of given equation
T
And, 𝑎 = 𝑘, 𝑏 = 6 and 𝑐 = 4𝑘
ED PR

C
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
©
𝑎
−6
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑘

𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
𝑎
4𝑘
𝛼𝛽 =
𝑘
=4
According to question, sum of the roots = product of the roots
−6
=4
𝑘
4𝑘 = −6
−6
𝑘=
4
−3
=
2
−3
2
Page No 4.84:
T IO S
Question 22: If sin α and cos α are the roots of the
I
NO A D
equations ax2 + bx + c = 0, then b2 =
CO N
A
(a) a2 − 2ac
PY
DO U A
(b) a2 + 2ac
T
(c) a2 − ac
ED PR
(d) a2 + ac
ANSWER:
C
©
The given quadric equation is ax2 + bx + c = 0, and sin 𝛼 and cos 𝛽 are
roots of given equation.
And, 𝑎 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = 𝑏 and 𝑐 = 𝑐
−𝑏
sin 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 = …. (1)
𝑎

𝑐
sin 𝛼 . cos 𝛽 = …. (2)
𝑎
Squaring both sides of equation (1) we get

−𝑏 2
(sin 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 )2 = ( )
𝑎
2 2 𝑏2
sin 𝛼 + cos 𝛽 + 2 sin 𝛼 cos 𝛽 =
𝑎2
Putting the value of sin2 𝛼 + cos2 𝛽 = 1, we get

𝑏2
1 + 2 sin 𝛼 cos 𝛽 =
𝑎2
𝑎2 (1 + 2 sin 𝛼 cos 𝛽 ) = 𝑏 2
𝑐
Putting the value of sin 𝛼. cos 𝛽 = , we get
𝑎
T IO S
𝑐
𝑎2 (1 + 2 ) = 𝑏 2
𝑎
I
NO A D
𝑎2 (
𝑎+2𝑐
) = 𝑏2
CO N
𝑎
A
𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏 2
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Therefore, the value of 𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑐

C
©
Page No 4.84:
Question 23: If 2 is a root of the equation x2 + ax + 12 = 0 and the
quadratic equation x2 + ax + q = 0 has equal roots, then q =
(a) 12
(b) 8
(c) 20
(d) 16
ANSWER:
𝑥 = 2 is the common roots given quadric equation are x2 + ax + 12 = 0,
and x2 + ax + q = 0
Here, x2 + ax + 12 = 0 …... (1)
x2 + ax + q = 0 …… (2)
22 + 𝑎 × 2 + 12 = 0
4 + 2𝑎 + 12 = 0
T IO S
2𝑎 = −16
I
𝑎 = −8
NO A D
CO N
Now, putting the value of 𝑎 = −8 in equation (2) we get
A
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0
PY
DO U A
Then,
T
ED PR
𝑎2 =, 𝑏2 = −8 and 𝑐2 = 𝑞
C
©
Putting the value of 𝑎2 =, 𝑏2 = −8 and 𝑐2 = 𝑞

= (−8)2 − 4 × 1 × 𝑞
= 64 − 4𝑞
64 − 4𝑞 = 0
4𝑞 = 64
64
𝑞=
4
𝑞 = 16
Page No 4.84:
Question 24: If the sum of the roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − (𝑘 + 6)𝑥 +
2(2𝑘 − 1) = 0 is equal to half of their product, then k =
(a) 6
T IO S
(b) 7
I
(c) 1
(d) 5
NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
The given quadric equation is 𝑥 2 − (𝑘 + 6)𝑥 + 2(2𝑘 − 1) = 0, and roots
DO U A
are equal
T
ED PR

C
©
And, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −(𝑘 + 6) and 𝑐 = 2(2𝑘 − 1)

−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−{−(𝑘+6)}
𝛼+𝛽 =
1
= (𝑘 + 6)
𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
𝑎
2(2𝑘−1)
𝛼. 𝛽 =
1
= 2(2𝑘 − 1)
1
According to question, sum of the roots = × product of the roots
2
1
(𝑘 + 6) = × 2(2𝑘 − 1)
2
𝑘 + 6 = 2𝑘 − 1
6 + 1 = 2𝑘 − 𝑘
T IO S
7=𝑘
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 4.84:
Question 25: If a and b are roots of the equation x2 + ax + b = 0,
C
then a + b =
©
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) −2
(d) −1
ANSWER:
The given quadric equation is x2 + ax + b = 0, and their roots are 𝑎 and b
Then find the value of (𝑎 + 𝑏)
And, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑎 and, 𝑐 = 𝑏
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−𝑎
𝑎+𝑏 =
1
= −𝑎
𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
𝑎
𝑏
𝑎𝑏 =
T IO S
1
I
𝑎=1
NO A D
CO N
Putting the value of 𝑎 in above
A
Therefore, the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 = −1
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
Page No 4.84:
C
©
Question 26: A quadratic equation whose one root is 2 and the sum of
whose roots is zero, is
(a) x2 + 4 = 0
(b) x2 − 4 = 0
(c) 4x2 − 1 = 0
(d) x2 − 2 = 0
ANSWER:
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be the roots of quadratic equation in such a way that 𝛼 = 2
Then, according to question sum of the roots
𝛼+𝛽 =0
2+𝛽 =0
𝛽 = −2
𝛼. 𝛽 = 2 × (−2)
=−4
As we know that the quadratic equation
𝑥 2 − (𝛼 + 𝛽 )𝑥 + 𝛼𝛽 = 0
T IO S I
Putting the value of 𝛼 and 𝛽 in above
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the require equation be
A
𝑥 2 − 0 × 𝑥 + (−4) = 0
PY
DO U A
𝑥2 − 4 = 0
T
ED PR

C
©
Page No 4.84:
Question 27: If one of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 is three times the
other, then b2 : ac =
(a) 3 : 1
(b) 3 : 16
(c) 16 : 3
(d) 16 : 1
ANSWER:
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be the roots of quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 in such
a way that 𝛼 = 3𝛽
Here, 𝑎 = 𝑎, 𝑏 = 𝑏 and 𝑐 = 𝑐
Then,
according to question sum of the roots
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−𝑏
3𝛽 + 𝛽 =
𝑎
−𝑏
4𝛽 =
T IO S
𝑎
I
−𝑏
𝛽= ….. (1)
NO A D
4𝑎
CO N
A
𝑐
PY
𝛼. 𝛽 =
DO U A
𝑎
T 𝑐
3𝛽 × 𝛽 =
ED PR
𝑎
𝑐
3𝛽 2 =
𝑎
C
𝑐
©
𝛽2 = ….. (2)
3𝑎
−𝑏
Putting the value of 𝛽 = in equation (2)
4𝑎
−𝑏 𝑐
( )=
4𝑎 3𝑎
𝑏2 𝑐
=
16𝑎2 3𝑎
𝑐
𝑏2 = × 16𝑎2
3𝑎
16𝑎𝑐
𝑏2 =
3
𝑏2 16
=
𝑎𝑐 3
𝑏 2 : 𝑎𝑐 = 16: 3
Page No 4.84:
Question 28: If one root the equation 2x2 + kx + 4 = 0 is 2, then the
other root is
T IO S
(a) 6
(b) −6
I
(c) −1
NO A D
CO N
(d) 1
A
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be the roots of quadratic equation 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 4 = 0 in

T
ED PR
such a way that 𝛼 = 2

Here, 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 𝑘 and, 𝑐 = 4
C
©

−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−𝑘
2+𝛽 =
2
−𝑘
𝛽= −2
2
−𝑘−4
𝛽=
2

𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
𝑎
4
=
2
=2
−𝑘−4
Putting the value of 𝛽 = in above
2
(−𝑘−4)
2× =2
2
(−𝑘 − 4) = 2
𝑘 = −4 − 2
T IO S
=−6
I
NO A D
Putting the value of k in 𝛽 =
−𝑘−4
CO N
2
A
−(−6)−4
𝛽=
PY
DO U A
2
6−4
T
=
ED PR
2
2
=
2
C
𝛽=1
©
Therefore, value of other root be 𝛽 = 1

Page No 4.84:
Question 29: If one of the equation x2 + ax + 3 = 0 is 1, then its other
root is
(a) 3
(b) −3
(c) 2
(d) 1
ANSWER:
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be the roots of quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 3 = 0 in such
a way that 𝛼 = 1
Here, 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 𝑎 and 𝑐 = 3
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
−𝑎
T IO S
1+𝛽 =
2
I
𝛽 = −𝑎 − 1
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
3
𝛼. 𝛽 =
DO U A
1
T
1×𝛽 =3
ED PR
𝛽=3
C
Therefore, value of other root be 𝛽 = 3

©
Page No 4.85:
Question 30: If one root of the equation 4x2 − 2x + (λ − 4) = 0 be the
reciprocal of the other, then λ =
(a) 8
(b) −8
(c) 4
(d) −4
ANSWER:
Let 𝛼 and 𝛽 be the roots of quadratic equation4x2 − 2x + (λ − 4) = 0 in
1
such a way that 𝛼 =
𝛽
Here, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −2 and 𝑐 = (λ − 4)
−𝑏
𝛼+𝛽 =
𝑎
1 −(−2)
+𝛽 =
T IO S
𝛽 4
1+𝛽 2
I
1
=
NO A D 𝛽 2
CO N
2 + 2𝛽 2 = 𝛽
A
PY
2𝛽 2 − 𝛽 + 2 = 0
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑐
𝛼. 𝛽 =
𝑎
C
1 𝜆−4
×𝛽 =
©
𝛽 4
𝜆−4
1=
4
𝜆−4=4
𝜆 =4+4
=8
Therefore, value of 𝜆 = 8
Page No 4.85:
Question 31: If y = 1 is a common root of the equations 𝑎𝑦 2 + 𝑎𝑦 + 3 = 0
and 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 + 𝑏 = 0, then ab equals
(a) 3
(b) −7/2
(c) 6
(d) −3
ANSWER:
T IO S
Since, y = 1 is a root of the equations 𝑎𝑦 2 + 𝑎𝑦 + 3 = 0.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
∴ 𝑎(1)2 + 𝑎(1) + 3 = 0
PY
DO U A
⇒ 2𝑎 + 3 = 0
T
3
ED PR
⇒𝑎=− … (1)
2
Since, 𝑦 = 1 is a root of the equations 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 + 𝑏 = 0.

C
©

∴ (1)2 + (1) + 𝑏 = 0
⇒2+𝑏 =0
⇒ 𝑏 = −2 … (2)
From (1) and (2),
3
𝑎𝑏 = (− ) (−2)
2
=3
Thus, ab is equal to 3.
Hence, the correct option is (a).
Page No 4.85:
Question 32: The values of k for which the quadratic equation 16𝑥 2 +
4𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0 has real and equal roots are
1
(a) 6, −
6
(b) 36, −36

(c) 6, −6
T IO S I
3 3
(d) , −
4
NO A D
4
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
The given quadratic equation 16𝑥 2 + 4𝑘𝑥 + 9 = 0, has equal roots.
DO U A
T
Here, 𝑎 = 16, 𝑏 = 4𝑘 and 𝑐 = 9.
ED PR

C
Putting the values of 𝑎 = 16, 𝑏 = 4𝑘 and 𝑐 = 9.

©
𝐷 = (4𝑘)2 − 4(16)(9)
= 16𝑘 2 − 576
Thus, 16𝑘 2 − 576 = 0
⇒ 𝑘 2 − 36 = 0
⇒ (𝑘 + 6)(𝑘 − 6) = 0
⇒ 𝑘 + 6 = 0 or 𝑘 − 6 = 0
⇒ 𝑘 = −6 or 𝑘 = 6
Therefore, the value of k is 6, −6.
Hence, the correct option is (c).

Chapter 4

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Chapter 4

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CHAPTER – 4

(xi) (2𝑥 + 1)(3𝑥 + 2) = 6(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)

(xiii) 16𝑥 2 − 3 = (2𝑥 + 5)(5𝑥 − 3)

form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎 = 2√3 , 𝑏 = −4 and 𝑐 = 1.

Hence, the above equation is a quadratic equation.

Now, solving the above equation further we get,

Now, solving the above equation further we get,

of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, because −𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 3 is a polynomial of

Hence, the above equation is not a quadratic equation.

(v) Here it has been given that,

Hence, the above equation is not a quadratic equation.

(viii) Here it has been given that,

Now, solving the above equation further we get,

Now, solving the above equation further we get,

2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 is a polynomial having a degree of 4 which is never present

Hence, the above equation is not a quadratic equation.

Now, solving the above equation further we get,

(xiii) Here it has been given that,

Now, after solving the above equation further we get,

16𝑥 2 − 3 = 10𝑥 2 + 19𝑥 − 15

a linear equation which does not have a 𝑥 2 term in it.

Hence, 𝑥 = 2 is a solution of the given quadratic equation.

Also, if 𝑥 = −1 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the

Hence 𝑥 = 1 is not a solution of the quadratic equation.

are not a solution of the given quadratic equation.

Hence 𝑥 = −2√3 is a solution of the quadratic equation.

Now if 𝑥 = 2 is a solution of the equation then it should satisfy the

So, substituting 𝑥 = 2 in the equation, we get

Hence 𝑥 = −√2 is a solution of the quadratic equation.

(ii) We are given here that,

above equation gives us,

Now, if 𝑥 = 3 is a root of the above quadratic equation, then it should

Left hand side

= √(3)2 − 4(3) + 3 + √(3)2 − 9

Also, if 𝑥 = −3 is a root of the equation, then it should satisfy the

𝑥 2 − 45𝑥 + 200 + 128 = 0

But, the cost of production of a single toy is 55 minus the number of

Therefore the height of the triangle becomes ‘x −7’.

It is also given that the hypotenuse is 13 cm.

Hence, this is the required quadratic equation.

Question 4: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

We have been given

Question 11: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

Question 13: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

We have been given

3−√3 3+√3 3−√3

Question 14: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

Question 15: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

⇒ 9𝑥 2 + 3(𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )𝑥 − 3(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )𝑥 − (𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 )(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) = 0

𝑎𝑥 2 + (4𝑎2 − 3𝑏)𝑥 − 12𝑎𝑏 = 0

⇒ (16 − 𝑥 )(𝑥 + 1) = 15𝑥

Question 30: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

⇒ 3(2𝑥 2 − 22𝑥 + 58) = 10(𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 35)

Question 31: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

⇒ (7𝑥 − 24)(𝑥 − 5) = (3𝑥 − 9)(𝑥 − 4)

Question 32: Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization:

25+𝑥 2 +10𝑥−25−𝑥 2 +10𝑥 15

⇒ (7𝑥 + 1)(4𝑥 − 1) = 29(𝑥 2 − 1)

⇒ 35𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 = 46𝑥 2 − 46𝑥 − 92

⇒ (3√5𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 2√5) = 0

√3𝑥 2 − 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0

⇒ √3𝑥(𝑥 − √6) + √2(𝑥 − √6) = 0

⇒ (√3𝑥 + √2)(𝑥 − √6) = 0