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Cultural Diversity Linguistic Plurality and Literary Traditions in India Eel for ‘The Department of English Universigy of Det hig Ber SUKRITA PAUL KUMAR tor VIBHA 5, CHAUHAN BODH PRAKASH Te Chere opr i te Age Sp ai Came Gas apr Tecan Vpn eed ap ee tn a a Ped ln Pe ‘na kre rou, e008 S29¢ el Poi 2 Contents dtr ne Aedncllgnees i of ap Introd Dives Ur b OVERVIEW Propo By Slt Maso User 2. LINGUISTIC PLURALITY WITHIN SUFT AND BHAKTLTRADITION Inaction 1 Exerps rom "The Mad Lave’ by Ser Kur Dax 2. KAP by Balch Sb 3, "Naha by aad 4 "Beal Song” Anny ‘User 5: LANGUAGE POLITIES: HINDI AND URDU Iredacion 1. Excerpt fom troduction A Conspect fom 4 He Dia by Art at 2 “Ghazal by ini ta 3. Law by Rajinder Singh a 4 "Hind by Rego Soy Une 4s TRIBAL VERSE Inrodion (Excerpt Pit Word A Aaa of bal by GX. Dy 2 Soa of Birth and Death A Mand Song 4, A Kondh Song 3. Adi Song forthe Recovery of Lost Hl lune 5: DALIT VOICES Incoicton 1 Exe om Dal Sats The Hatori Bacgroua by Ene Zeie » 6 6 2. "Hae by "she » 3. be Untied Poem by 7 Rahumar % 4 eure toe Aaa by on 3 Us 6: WRITING IN ENGLISH luesion 96 1 Exers fr ‘n Pride aelIt Prejaioe 8 Reflections on the Reloniip Beran Regal alan ers nd Ind Writing n Eh 3 ME Na 2, ther rg’ Pa Scher na 3. Excerpts Bom Kothpae by fa Ra us 4, "Pane to Ameria! by dy Per us [User 7 WOMANSPEAK: EXAMPLES ROM. KANBADA AND BANGLA, Srodion a 1 xcept hm A Flowering ee: A Wea Tie” m2 by AK Aaron 2, Except A Woman dling the RanaTile? 138 by Nabe Det Sen ‘Ube LITERARY CULTURES: GUJARAT AND SINDWL Inaction r 1, Excergskom From Hemachs to ad Srnt " Region Power in Gsjowt iery Cae” by Stabe 2, Eacerpt oe At he Cros of ti sl Ian 163 Ghiatins: Sha Literary Cuber hy $s Arve 7 ‘Sigg! Renny 18s Mars ye 184 Paps 2 ede yan Langs Moti Desi ad ya Ta Langage i ee Editors’ Note “Ths antoogy fern glinpe of the vibrant curl diversity of bra by Incing ecm om the wre erry cents ming sano in ary lage: be. Literary doi ns ve ‘Urine nthe cous, damian ad rimutasons Whether » Balch Sh er» Mahadeva, dry voman vile ed sre ferent forma cto coesemporary tums x Wed experiences. This “ook presente Sf bd Blake pty medial tines slong the ery talons ern da, ‘Dat rib and women's wes, nally led a ext sn, his Ey STE a om tpn, in Ub ad ein secre om Er Se a la ete cote ethno’ sn Sor Roce 6 eps — Jonerect and Gurbe: Sononsolt se nome given tool ‘Seprpies of Gar Nonck Fra) eden bing i Sia." Gorbios Is the Biography of Guru Gebind Singh [cent en Spe te ry Fs poonape "Nagochonde: wre an wn of Romayana in Konzod in “ich Rane i ot on ncraton bo paragon of humor Vives ard Bova ofthe ‘Gora Budhi Red be eampore Rorgontho Romayon, the Sale vin oop Tas Mahone Kanda yre® poet of futeth cnhiy in ‘Monje. Toned Vis Rameyane ond gore # a ea} ee 18 Lota Dives ot Dv Leite Paaliy & Lary aden, Powmacore ih 9 ized for of Persian and Hl ough ei "Mea, "Un Set Kar Car, he Cala eae ina 5 ogee Rar a te tf cae, son, 198 9 +4 Cote Diy Ling rly Lc fodsons roe fm 9a atic ma, ee, rea Aa we aan mers fe of ia wn nde ety ool ‘myrrh nk ae oa rk om or pean tl ed ly Sy i uf ‘cn tar ly a a ‘csv lm nao ie peal tea Ee cede aca a ‘yeh KR, Moe as Sl Ble Sh lomcony capo se ‘ety tt er was oar oe er ea ‘ect br) ah nae cp ea ‘SC Amc! ety aE a a Somat nan i ei ve Str a rt ne Si Mea let of ink) he Ghan seheh een Sa rene as ape o erence _captted in the English translaice. - eben ni ee dy i ss two independent languages. However, chese | dexounstrate serie) wh cc erm ey ty neces stipe ae tari ater {er ae be nos wid ene wa hooks fhe Pein srg were clot Urdu rnc Bob tor nest Teeside ere, cpa ott cat ec ence ar eth tn sr Inagage of jot god crane of wht we ak inka Lan gerald Parion oe Gok sh ad Det km St ae Cee ye Mme ee ei, Pts nn Aan AS From Hin to Hida toe ava Hin and Unda he ‘pli dec taken on Ub langage In after inp, oked ferent recon: and reponaes it Indi. gh Saby’s [pcm ‘Hin fer an ast arcation of one uf tae acone Ir the domain of ngage pl, "he pocm ica arp ite af the ontinsion of Engl arth ofl hogs of the Indian State [Need to wld, wile Sy pcm epost signi sent, there as aoa splice pla dion octet Engh a a offical language afer he country dependeno, fr Sw move year “Introduction: A Conspectus’ to A House Divided AMRIE RAT da Ra wos «pote Hd nove ‘hough hes enowed in ocadoic crc fx Ns dete Be Sophy of Pench Hh now, Gb ka Spo wick Sete Sys Ake hd 1909 ond r,t Saver {ed Nols Aad in 1971 Hon wo soar hr nove, sch oy hoon ve pda Ehekespares poy Mm ne Hed, ond woe sl wer sah Nes Se ra ad Nchehors ow Seine, Necofie invmony longue, he: coo de ae of he mow sant ota ty he Hint Sonn Enis, A Hore Died Te ‘Sign and Dymond Pn “Te soe ous props oe ata ft arti origin of he ‘ngge Hind Hind, and nvsigation foto the cane tha ed + Ex fy Art Racin: A Conca Ho a Og sd Dep of Fan, OU Se Oe, 888, 9-2 44 Ce Dey, inguiePy& toy oon {ot dso nooo apa ngs ind and mer ate nguges, mer Hi em enectins th word un ha wen» peal ese, es Pers, at on nan we of Ins dined om ae es "Hind San ete om or a Mulnay Macht gl Ma a ma fever at vain places Ki iin tae spi ese oe Lan "engage Khao had acai t comment, Jeli ne nt wh ae re ine way Infor to she Fee Wi ‘eePlon arbi, whch ake! el lnguagen sce Sanalltbe aber or ceed nguger sty! one 6 Aer cl igh, ound oboe to Fas ‘hes rte tlrsing hs opin “Hye ask esbow te epteve poe of ths lnguage — methinks atden than tat fay ee mee 8 ems Ferny Md Sl Suman, caer pox, kbar, se geo ONS CN re fl Pe se, set oi AP No othe prin of psy fore avs fl ee rant, La) ‘he aye wos and mo Lay very the hing my deals, “Troe, Masel Sal Solar to, iced with te dan, oe ach in Aabic, sian we Hind, ba athe aly oe a hee such caleton i Persian alone pein of th same poet, Ma Sa Salman, Mohamad af sy is hoe ig ellecions of poems oe in Arable, another in Pos and 3 Hh tego be note St Khao a Aa reer oth ame ngage os Hind and Hind, wou hs eae to nue atthe fe woe areitechngese, Three fal asin he core Fi ey, tte th er Hn Hs! or he ngage wer revi a in the intros of Brevity “Hind” alone aed, Kin clearly toe lunfertodthat aoe in excl the sates a dl Al a hr, ht minded mean aero dad Hind, beh: Gino cll High Hid? Te won seem shat ths se f the word Hida! ech he sae (5 Gio Hindawee Hee | ane etd the exc popety ofthe Hinds Sone a ane therfore coma apse te ol gue ‘fn, which reader the Moonen avon and ‘acc now constnes among them the bade or groundwork of the Hindcowanee, a comparatively recent roperstructare eeponed of Arie and Prin” 1 advicdly sy “mach the same brome Gilebrie’s base tara of the langage othe ol ngage of Ui proved before the Moowalman Ini” areal but with ome A Ke us Mabel Sh eh, ah 175, 26s * ahaa a ip. * Grea, op ot pe. * tm i, Th ling, Ca, 8029 48 Clr Dey, Linu Py 8 Urry Tons Seperate os ft i en ht to de {Rewer ni mh cn ppg a She i ep ee The want eg song ce mois we lac Sa snarl nd gue ge hiner i e he pt offen rena ep ey ne Bo ic ert sn vc rl nas srs tpt nye dec ga scan oan wo pure gue ao Mahi i or gi eae en "89 ab inte Ele Stentor ol gigas thar neg snu apne litt inguin gases iy athe an, ere Ce a sy hr ha Uc Hater qn See Soto vices fee metal oer fe {Bh Meio ind ert a ov deh inept Mar rn nae Ap ey Ui eek Aad mth al pn oo ming a RRA tet wriings he more Aad Pesan och wring have more words of Sankt orig, bark 9 Pe Cet ety a, dn Zh, joys Ro! 40 ise nel wey ing ag nome tte ge enn ea rae Safa eae of mare oe gg ent ent he bt re thane ho ef Ur he ie fig ont ae Spa wg les oe ce ange led Maly fn Maly rc in he Arabic ‘Sisley tees apogee Pn, Mate ee Fin he a eh Se Cra md Tien De i ex at ry wr ee mr cit nn gat Gg hw ket ‘gegen ie tcc) cero nore” Cpe eng pte lg ony “Toe resembles at not be mene cance simi bi ext hemi correspondences wich ny feu ge smnber (item a show psy Farr, esorting hic poly, be its det 3. cmon eri fran oly oe ens ca so Py a ta permet te whe fs me Tra meg ops of amen ga aed on ev pe mt et nb nh tras hl herr coe Sh thw room rt Ve ed) "Gea Ti wen te da nt ae gigs i hn nr Has Eg ren ta a Seppe ci a Pee the La 9, p58 "Gm Ch, nan Ba, tp 6 : SRD Gh ra nga dled i ang Uy Aeon ate ‘50 Cua ey, Unguitic Pray & rary Tone Aon bei opr Ht te many ein ht he my emi nan dE Noi whe el ht iis nd Hin seth sane ngage don sth ie ame ton tt Gatag pes of For sectie bo ‘heen Hin, ned Unde era tera, ‘The rth that Gm she cvret ay that Hil a ‘expe that pinion tandpint oF Koguinics, not Had ae lang No nga Wee, Monee apres exe the opto fates te Hinder Coda dee sx tom eine tno ae frp om tin vo ena ase Sa Sir Mealsca bathe oan ‘isis ofthe st frequently bang, vere hth ae spoken inGhemmediy inetd deere ean etn ge: wire Oats he in pip ney oni ‘while the Hindcce applies only to the Hi . ince ep of Hades ie ut hide mach © ind aan aye Hide ar oo spr ngage they we bal Sree pron ste ea sa Thee ae mo tw ter Unger ne tts Pima sri rene heed pe et ee “Kasi te Uirian ae much sin w ero Paes Beare nt Sct se ivory opinion. Rae Bila Sharm, noted im othe log teeing of he ings erties nied ie dc nin ring Fin hrs nace nar Resim a cnt Rei 51 fhe Mali ade ad ht the native ie nbs, 0 ‘Ths arose two principles of the modern languages of Una, Dearing to acheter he ae celina Ss wich te twas of the ove may be Formed of sky an ‘howe of he oer of tak I of wt enteral rac, aging, eae he ene.” At Rat quotes Gopichand Nang a Al Ha, eo wll now, Und scl, toh f whom comment onthe shared lexical be of “Hind and Ur and he ge umber Sai and Prt words ‘tat comet Us, [Rat ao quotes Jon Reames wh kes sar postin om the proximity of the two langage. Beamer pots out tat among the “nis close of Hin eum euverl fy of spec dct toed by edd people orgnated frm the Hind spoken in the ‘mighbouring ney cf Del Th pri des of Hind was ‘loc the bans a Dee phate of the ngage, i which ge toe f Pein, Alea Tk won nd le at ee sho privege Hin by ecerig to Ur a the Uk det of Hin” forthe Ur pie of Hind, der mx] This plethora of quotations wil give the reader sme de of the cumple of the problem, Kinde cl to cess how ‘we lngug 0 closely akin ave rite or pur nr moder stud ohh ore 4 0 become lone to each oer ‘Wien wai dat ey cme tn ap Det igh ad tally exe poane —of Ara eran puri the one hand and Saale rm on the ll ober wor, hyd iin! lor er plting? My we undertand the spl at ata couse cE te evelopment, governed bythe nena Samco the growth of 2 language, or atthe ret of extrincoue, divine Fces not ty ‘ntact the langage at growth! Thi = highly pertitent ‘gueton beat the anwer ee Fre the ny becom i merely cdo, ological ners but the te, he Sng * Sunn Arata Dance, Eo ee rp ad ert neg Lado, 13269 16 58 Coda Driy, Ungusc Phy & Lsoy Toons spy bare some octet sci impor, dn endestanding of the pst may ld ome lig or wt “ “The way lng pacts ae work te mom, did roto of Hind an Und nto two tomy cmp oop least sheming Therefore the shat ruck, bay voce leat and a 2 wer of Hid prose, as ene exeing Jmportance Onc onc han! gsi prom Hecke oy os he hes and carl growth of he two guages by egg ee ‘ential nity, and on the other creates deme el ey Ths seo oath user the need orn a ty Hones before we embark om scant ig tic wear on shi abject sams alable tof lk fore Suton one Sein the Wish con poly of dean ae Thee sede, nicery eva f «gencrlfertngansng pcrgeise of bet inland ny om tr spective glen, Bar he vce, sed wth Fre Wiliam College, whee St Jota Ci he foe ‘see the Hind yr twp Unk he me af none) i i ancl ook de ae hat hey vn on rs pe uly etches. Therfore ke rat lc kr de poke har the dston of Fete Win Coll in why ewes todd ead ‘what ngage oly we Notes 4 gorwa ary of ubje, 2 sop Fin oe tes ey Sa 2 eR ae ‘aged the pote tno ce inl. Boh Hine oa) Matin ce ald ints om Bet lee 1 sages Inn sir srs, Hid Guna genre man Sind cl fe el i Sr a [Sed spor: 101130 On te ete fain pert SG Oe ot ect fi

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