Minor surgical Procedures Major surgical procedures

1. Extractions 1. Orthognathic surgeries

2. Cosmetic surgeries
2. Surgical uncovering of teeth

3. Frenectomy 3. Surgical corrections in cleft lip and

palate patients

4. Pericision 4. Surgical assisted rapid maxillary

expansion

5. Transplantation of teeth

6. Corticotomy
 Minor surgical Procedures

Extractions:

a. Therapeutic extraction

b. Serial extraction

c. Extraction of supernumerary, Impacted and

ankylosed teeth
Corticotomy:It involves
the creation of shallow
perforations or cuts
made in the cortical
alveolar bone while the
trabecular or medullary
bone is left intact, in
order to maintain the
blood circulation.
Pericision: Circumferential supra crestal fibrotomy.
To prevent the relapse of derotated teeth.
 Major surgical procedures

Orthognathic surgeries:
• The following are the steps involved in orthognathic
surgery :
vDiagnosis (Pre-operative evaluation)
vPre-surgical orthodontics
v Mock surgery
vSurgery and stabilization
vPost-surgical orthodontics
• Diagnosis (Pre-operative evaluation)

• General medical evaluation

• Socio - psychological evaluation

• Cephalometric evaluation

• Radiographic examination

• Study model evaluation

• TMJ evaluation
• Pre-surgical orthodontics

• Tooth alignment within the arches :

• Alteration and co-ordination of the arches:

• Incisor inclinations:

• Decompensation: This is done to overcome the

natural compensation that has occurred during
the growth so that correct jaw relationship can be
achieved through surgical correction.
• Mock surgery:

• Surgery and stabilization:

• Post surgical orthodontics: Final occlusal

adjustments are done.
 Few common surgical procedures:
Maxillary prognathism
Maxillary segmental (anterior) set back
Maxillary retrognathism
Lefort I osteotomy with
maxillary advancement.
In Lefort I osteotomy the
surgical cut goes through
the wall of the maxillary
sinuses, lateral nasal
walls and the nasal
septum at the level just
superior to the apices of
the maxillary teeth.
 Mandibular prognathism
Sagittal split osteotomy with mandibular set back
 Mandibular retrognathism
• Sagittal split osteotomy with mandibular
advancement
• A forward sliding genioplasty of the chin may be
required in addition