INTRODUCTION : De Cm Omer eco meg complex numbers, written according to definite rule and the series thus formed is called a progression 0 i] vie \ eae PAK Eg Note {Minimum number of terms in a sequence should be 3ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION : It isa sequence whose terms increase or decrease by a fixed Dae eo Uc oe the first term and ' d' is the common difference, then the REE cc Lee at @td)+ @+2d)+-....+(a+n— Id) Pree Serer Ted eee acres et NCE eR eS ce wo eR cece ead Gnstat® ig Cas Dt Ree ecole ttc(i) 1f6 and 11" term of an A.P. are respectively 17 and 32 eA ae rae) CE ee OS Cone eae) ee oak a atk eka an guise! ad 7 eae cee(iii) Inan A.P. if. az + as — a3 = 10 and ap + ag = 17 then find the Sa EUR On Riera Ov a ae ee Ce coche a then prove that a(q — r) + b(r — p) €(p—q) =0 rar (Eran (C) a Sor Cae Q43d=lo ol Peaks wee na) an reUMM MCSE ROL ed Peer Prec ees oy eed eee) CeCe hd ee a eee]eee Pe ‘teens - men (1) Fa rae ia erie et ea eas eee tenn ee es (Heenan Ce) eS amend Oe eo ee {eto ain el vewaren) Te uD) ™ a SeHIGHLIGHTS ABOUT AN A.P. Oe RC Re ecm ccm sod Cee OE ee ee eee ed Toor Baud OM ee ee ee eee ee ec -_ Pee ee ce eee ee er numbers in AP are a — 2d,a— d,a,a-+d,a + 2d& six terms in AP ee rr ra etd CO nn ee eee ee Rea(iv) The sum of the two terms of an AP equidistant from the beginning & end is constant and equal to the sum of first & last ras (v) Ifthe number of terms in an A.P. is even then take it a(2n)ind if odd then take it a(@2n + 1)) (Caen (yi For any setieSTq = Sy — Surry) In a series if Sp is a quadratie function of n or T, is linear function of n, then the series is an A.P. eee b-a=Cb Far te(i) The sum of first 3 terms of an A.P. is 27 and the sum of their ra RPL eee eal Ce a eet ee ne ee CLE) \ se(ii) nan AP. ity, = + and ty =— then show that Smyy = 3 (mn + 1)Q hl 04 (iii) The sum of n terms of two A.P's are in the ratio ae PWC Se Re a a oben a, 4 Mn cd a arn Suna iM oan €CRuel ais — caren set] ya reise Presa Aaa ¢ cr =) SEAL bere ny] eles) ar ah ae aL rea mw 3a ee Cea a 7 Oe ee AUR iCal oat fied terms is 24 , of the even terms is 30 , and the last term exceeds the first term by 103. Find the number of terms. Uhearer Qa, 4, ane PY ny % aed Crary ara Tee 4 (ans 4-4 G5, = 3° ae _ Ce an nes riteete ;a ee ce Sate ot Onde 5)8logs (2*- pS coe 7 Cr -5)= an Pan Fhe i Per " Caen a eee a Pan TL 4) nh = eae *0) gesy aeIf a2, b?, c? are in A.P. then prove that ae coe eae [O herdpeetirr tuna (ew ierarer teenyARITHMETIC MEAN : AWM CCRC Ue Aw am Nom UCm Teel meee em td aaanenaniaian eeaaichian Arithmetic Mean of the other two. e.g. a,b, c are in A.P. then'b’ is CO ee hades 2b. Itis to be noted that between two given quantities it is Pre Peete ae) eee eRe eC RUB cel shall be in A.P. and the terms thus inserted are called the ENT TORTTo insert ' n' AM's between a and b. ca OW Cee RS ese irre pres morn eee ee canes cay (Gia) Hence b = a+ (n+1)dNow{Ai}= a +d AN Caer to (Sarees ( nl _ va A ein (Serta Cone ye eee ee) as cA Ate Che ae 1G) s al ier ae iene ence) Saeed ae SR WSs Rod EER eo Cen Tee a Wesco(i) Ifp arithmetic means are inserted between 5 and 41 so that the Ve a rt eat — ae a iad aa ae peak eerie ral ad) , yer oe | ret st ae qa Ras Lvs ha ds3(ii) A number sequence ay, a2, a3 .. PEC nuris Veen rd eae ae UC ed ee eee CCU PRU Um ee ee Fa Se ECE SR as 4fe EOMETRICAL Taco) Oe Re eS ec eee ee eck n same constant ratio with its immediately preceding term the series is RoE RCA EU RU eU See Rec OU RCO OnE LL Ae Eaton Kena Ce ee ae RUS nnd Se aa bar oor() InaG-P. ifts = 2 and tg = —3 find ty Gi) If pt qt and r* terms of a G.P. are x,y and z respectively hen prove that x9-" - y"-P -zP-9 = 1Sum of n terms of a G.P. n-1 ee ee a a Sr eae a Btuicrag ad - * ene er er rer cnet) (cow) ra s ee eee a ee ee ee WRnteRcoica TRS R CRU e CR CRT e CeCeIMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER (i) If each term of a GP be multiplied or divided by the same non- zero quantity, the resulting sequence is also a GP. (ii) Any 3 consecutive terms of a GP can be taken as a/r, a, ar ; any 4 Ree Re ete ae Yee a ed (Ce ee Cee, ee aoe Ce(i) The sum of first 3 consecutive terms of a G.P. is 19 and their product is 216 . Find Sp, also compute S.» if it exist.Cpr Sep ae eee)Gi) If the pt, qt , rth, sth terms of an AP. are in G.P. show that p—q,q—r,r— sare in G.P.ce RI Definition : Ifa, b, c are three positive number in G-P. then b is called the geometrical mean between a and c and b? = ac, Ifa and b are Neen emcee nee To insert 'n! GM's between a and b eee ee ne kn ee CVC eae aad Gq are 'n! 7 OMNOK AE oe ee ET Fed Cer Ucar Unt cere (Cal ls Ee ee ae OAT ete SACRE et Rene ECE Hence product of n GM's inserted between of a and b is equal to Crum Sm Rte ken ae rssn te(i) If AM between a and b is 15 and GM between a and b is 9 ining (ii) If sum of two numbers a and b is n times their GM then show that a:b = n+ Vn? — 4:n — vn? - 4CO Re EE Rech hme Wy PR Cn cet 3 ajc heeHARMONIC A sequence is said to be in H.P. if the reciprocals of its terms are in 6 ee oe Ca a, a2 as 1 a a Fa Cucina ae err Bere) Note: (i) If the term of an HP. is © this means that the Rete UR a eee eee (ii) There is no general formula for finding the sum to n terms of H.P. (iii) Ifa, b,c are in HP. > 2,4,2 are in AP a’b’c7 TCs 7 eee |) Oe del ee a ee etd errs Rd DT oemURC Un eae en ume t sr RCE To oe cy m Dee aE Eeved(CO) ee eee CE ocr Even cr Eee ee aC TNHARMONICAL MEAN : en eee ume Rute) Pee eM Cen Eu VO cca) SEM eee ee per Pee Mee pea ea ee ee A oe UCD CRAY eeuaaa 14 Po ae ce a-b a eekly eT) PCED a: er Seand aks eraSRC) CE ee Cee ea rary D Fy 2 ab(n+1) 7 =b) on Cha) ees = al eee rT rn Oe ed ee EN eee a SORE Ge Ey(i) If" a' is the A.M. of' b' and'c';'b' the G.M. of'c'and'a', then prove that ' c' is the H.M. of ‘a’ and 'b’Relation between A.M, and H. roteIf a and b are two positive numbers then A, G, H are in G-P. i.e. ew. |(i) Ifx > 0,y > 0,2 > 0 then prove that (x + y)(y +z)(z + x) > Bxyz(ii) Prove that a A ABC is equilateral if and only Ucn eae ene}(iii) Ifa + b + c = 3 and a, b,c are +ve then prove that a*b3c? <COS RU ete eae Seen Ce ae aARITHM. SEE cee eel S=at(atd)r+(at+2d)r?+(at+3d)r>+ Here each term is the product of corresponding terms in an arithmetic and een Let $ =a+(atd)r+(a+2d)r? + (a+ 3dr? +__+(a+n—1d)r"™™ d)r®"1 + (a+n—1d)r" Sr=+ar+(at+d)r?+__+(a+n—(i) If |x| < 1 then compute the sum (a) 1+ 2x + 3x? + 4x3 + (b) 1+ 3x + 6x? + 10x? +(ii) Find the sum to n terms and also Sep are) @1+d+5+h+ ae! er aay pareEMEC ONES) Coe 5 UD ria + ro)Miscellaneous sequences Ch pace cat Rp ieee n(n+1) () yn =" PeLUke a +1)1) p> ap a(2) Find the value(s) of the positive integer n for which the quadratic equation, Y (x+k—1)(x += 10n has solutions a and « + 1 for some « fet(3) Compute the sum (SUEY) eC) LeLs ig method of difference) : If Ty, Tz, Ts, bee a a es SU ee Le Rem mC RLS ee eee ee ec Ce ane Rm Cn Tat On Corona mc)(i) 6 +13 + 22 + 33 +n terms(i) 3 +8415 +244COLE ee SEER eLearn(iv) 2454144414 122+ ROErede bath. eco oe)a ae ee ieee eee (a) Here is a series in which each term is composed of the reciprocal Oa eee ECCS PUR LCS Cem On Rca no Pane ee e perry ri ri Pew ers (0) ar co) eer ae CUO tn ans ume eee onyPeo af coatdi... id 3_,_4 ere Cr rae rc) SeHere is a series in which each terms is composed of r factor in A.P., TESORO(i) 1-2-3-44+2-3-4-54+3-4-5-64+ Pa OnSUMMATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC SERI. (1) To find the sum of the series of sine / cosine of n angles which are eet ae a ee eS RTS Seay eS ia 74 ee ee Sr eect han ae ees COM eM OMe c emo ec ood(1) S = cos® + cos26 + cos30 + -.....+-cosn®. Find the sum of series, Pe eae irn et sm 7 ca Ce ee reer eee re an (2)S ST eae osSU RS ney ese] eens tar)PATO mS ey These tnd SSR eRe een ea Oot to cee ys ee a eS ax Fa 3 Pe ee eee Ue eee OC ee eedGiven @ € (0,2n) and if Y=}sec (= + 6) sec ( SUR e ue Olas on eh CL eeu os ee a rs 5 x (aje== Ces a mer Ol Rate (aed