(sna) Streit ayprst abpaso mapiin bw nvaibioyes nan “ppoww 37 RD Se menor Tae? AR ywar nupTIAA by EaZOSN ORS pO ey vTe DIM eT TUPI Map Tina by mnhzweA oye MwA MONA Birren & Schroots,) onwy97 ADA bw owenn mwa pL wasnnd baw Ponn> rapt nx [aNd wT DINNZ OPoWA bw MID AWE (1996 cypnd nose at pin .oby on bibos mheD mpm mown vay ymnnsna DTK PNM NI PAN NYPD oy PprmA OWA by anvmana ax aon Tox bo 8) oeND AMON OY aopA waseM IMP DM bor waxwD by Tapia baa ba nonin pean mwaxan mine mptas nx pany mona WR AVTDTT NPA OBA MPMNAA NN MIPS POH nt pA nena) men nna many nbs AyMwN wuxA map bo wn TE mmAEPD DA YA Waa aPW°D yond MwpAB FAV myDINA by apnA movariaen mene yp7 by np ypon cammDa aw BMD DoT Sw arian mm ans pon mndp mypn now by ooanm .mswa ann) YAW OPDINT-D OM PMD aNw mrwITAT Ipnoa MAYDA Mao penbrerizep movbnn by apron "PopR apn yin roy apn pon snmp brn ,baaman appr Swan Pra ATAVHS MaNp ens> yeanny MSU YTTa PmxBINT wen MwA MeTANAA MWA pay mebram mayan be 7 seabone ma TR TA MwA Me nA MyBDKT yor bw Taba Tin oy remy pesUA eo nN anna AEwHA MnnaAA AR PBRd MDS 2px by apres ayy bop an an pa pve NPN waMwA DIA PS pynpaat (1986) "ew map MupTIne bw napa MTHBa owe pr Bengston & Schaie, 1999; Birren, 1996; Biren & Bengston, 193 n°) Wy OOTTAK RIP MPTIAT apn aA pom maha an pow ay ana = 7 aacin (345)247 | mypaim by nyanowe mann shy TD py wwe ov mwa ras pen nee 5 oan: nx omwaN omy oY OF wren 9o “apm WsVA 7 ny wNS A AY IR Yoo sen mo by oMmAnonAA ober niva mun one ow pm gupm max nrna bo absoy oaho ay 1 aon bw MRT pone [Pane NEN oan M_ES oeMAB OW mew oAIMND A TaN tien mona mH Taye penn yom Yaa nw Sy amnnoANy WMT penn igo pri oa mot as mpATAID WD wy PAW Mere MIA nN ny yx99 animus) nese PPE 7 ow nnn PER: po mre Po WHY ft FRB Fanon any AWA opr awa tendencigs) “o»n max” van RIAD (1968 Tonk myoo mw oN AUD MPS Ab mM DAF ro? snooty ae mime AWN PI AR mere naan van na rors po” =a nn aon 922) bya Yo TIBOR sya veh wa map any wT Pay aby be man’ mop vow Tey neaA ANNA no woe ow w nosy one Sw inp oN rnp mnAABAIAR “PAN srw nnd area pann xo PMs pase Mew wpra DK“ reornnn 1277 nbvrna ra iraa DUNS “Te «Cath, 1972) 81 73 apabw memnnena mwa arma 7 TKS EMT! Iw iby anon aby mona pes ph bub nar03) gu ria 9 va nin ren aay OprMA A aA aan yp sb The — IMD Se jovnm 8) ¥o 7aba por PPM on manna wrod ome maT oT sh apse bum rruman Aaoe wor on MK HF {K maa meee by esr Ben MayON bw rep ma! bx ominy mana oma "OMA paBrD OUND fer WHR MT 72Duo | mupnia be mshi nanan By OME DOWNES MypHVAY MENT bua by ,Sbsa manks anwRn acta ann m upton oy nhs pm akPT sy ove by MDT McAdams, de Si. Ai snows byes mpozan moon ne’ ovvan aa by omen {9D mu nan KU MMA OAR NRT Oy ME nv mana inp xb opr owad mM APN NMI yvayS wD AKLAN I aovan na mad wRD ona’ moe $y uponpa pron snap mena onan, asian mann Sw mannn pason 17> ome Yap) wR ‘ty mapya a2 Dap ona py ownd sop sey Tw bu maby hon nota} mimoat wy mang Ap jun bu TaD! wren ne TA vptrany vy nb 17 TPO NX Tan nbs jaypA rma on ear Asa ADK aw 9 nM maven newnn 9x warin rns menue pond maa Nava fe review) "ann nvpor ova (Bul ot many AMET 12) TMS ODD sana pr? apy ow pe Drvpna won note Yn masa ange 2 pont 2x 80° JB PORMN DVB OWA THR wow soma ‘Tea mnnannn “aby mos vy (Erikson, 1982) Yoo ann OPM now qpa py ava map bos AM tenn obwa minpnan life eyele) “ern Sasa yw vavupieiaraT MoM ni ‘paby bp abi) $33 novana wa soba 02 RAIN Px MSM maIpD ba Ko OD aMYBwD NTN wT ribvoon nie at maqnn nepym “pa .orrnsa ooben be meavan oA be imsuure Yoo opm abe mv nVavAN way Pw dy MMPI ‘Taw vox nipame mmnnanan APO MN TBD Ap! IPN Osho ann fan ainzeen by nay ABBA Ane nan’ 23 a dw pO INN Amy FPN 9 FED BPA maT by oonD a AID KIN SNR wee shar amr bw sion oroza woh ney apn noma smmwwa bw AT TTD 7 Feaxvompe ipo nba by mwsin nin} wen rapa mayen a2. maan ow cox on Tw babe v BPOM TTOPAK non wna naw MMI Mana FABIA oon osbe novos rns wr-by wsnnw manana“ mamaan nraata mvsoxn mia “bow zmbyrnovos wovhnn ATT (Erikson, 1968) Poy be MK by waup saw pa yew awa Trax smn aye 49 a 1p) ONnTa ry we PSMA TT EM? Nes wawEN sD re na bo anpwNe manana woA by HEvON oMNinSOS aM MD Lppryonpa prom (OTK bp na o regs nraan pve mwa Tn no kD OY APM op oreAK OY mpd MVP Sorann ‘pn wom mous Sy worm mnmn anpon ane prbain nk one ay MATA Ahn Me ROAD vada) megan mrusn bo wen mma Tpke wen) bap seneral P rans mama Yo opYenpa Pree (aM oD yaa ps ww ryan ane My aT} TET Ty NO (versus stagnarast | nw vais me ns} (developmental sro rman rN spary nusroy yarn? oY EAN ina ny anny AwBY vaneT sash banonin pinata ar 23 Ow Ms mp > °9>p ST ,nwyDy eT mx be MRNA TO TTI sarby nen (disengagement) mpna pa by (Comming & Henry. sap oii ora yen Pon empmna” Ton Be mgr ne 9300 WR OVEPI MAN HMAK ON TI? rea “naneri anb qwoxD Kaw BID Mp Sumy) nemo Try yaa aw ome awe AMEN monn a epee pean mpranna ‘Ponn aT mHAN °B? aA MTT maa AAs penx srvpon nous boob orvisksr ppm by anbxwn’ 9x1 arrays? 02 osnusny onbo oronn mawp nin mryssn Basa A DBP evn TNT HPS? sp rap minyon nsntn (Maddox, 1964) 7AAAD 77IN39 ( ‘proba emia ontirsp nin by “yb wer apr BHR yo AzET NM frvga opr owwow 29 .pranny nprr7 1k) snr BMwHND |wONAW YO fone nxt Bp waxn One AMD A MDW Pp — OMe NT Chub cindy vamnyon maa fw mwoxn van AyD murDN 7B °> je wpusny Ax OHA TWIT Ervp|n yox'n MN mS ons MK She pris rman oman oy “wow YA wspy orvAk “yw ,7> aPesS cpava may ope ampa mann (Neagarten, 1968) jou povnymen napa naan mow mnnana oy erabw maw Cuanpm se APB! PY a a arash ax oromin min erore evomo MmMnnon Mnpy meee mean opann wR (Levinson, 1978) pam by ama nUIND WA aap aK eign gow manDAA-aw Ps rst mM ‘aby pa muna nemnnana mbooa om stray pron fra no (50-45 wha) om BaaN p ayn aby END PEW! PAN Ma Bh YD WH (60-55 Gould, 1978) som virby mana pom bu n> Avopa aby KN 3 9 voSnA oH 16 orwiraa orp 524 ‘ween. mina mnon nwa oom rma mnnaAA BAS jw AME Tos bo mee wa mney bx man rms ne nswa aro a vox 79 98 ara 1a novann vou bw rn (as—35 n'a "aM VaR wy" RAEI ANIA) ‘aa mpronn bo pod a rma 993 03 mwa 99 poo TMs Abo" MUNDVD eMaT on MMA NBR PA PY HOTA heMANA sa MA avroman mpns ow ne Tp oF 7 pt Ponbonw be pri ws yp ARMIN rw Om rvaad 030 §pra aM *Po_K 7p bw MMOD 2a Ww sure? maw maar Po nner oY FETED, mows mw oad MUM nwSTT TA AA28s | mmwn $e mE Paey ADwe aNd MIM AANA dy YPM Dw pay aye — npma mevsa Rb ok — MeDXw oVaWD nadwR MAM jan’ cearenn mansnnn obey mw axe map 4p pra myppy meson ready mnnena AANA mown pa onan boa mmx bw onnwA wey Ap EswR PTA ‘yy moan nown? wy smnnnsnAn TpaAA ¢noMy) Taya now? MIT 7 mnbbanwn pab da m7 nan penn mp3 nen! mA be MAK APTN map via arpa a maven monnanan_ non’ roan ye AmsH momnom reno mea ne rama Taam xb wR vB pron ovaman pp jou wae vo nan reo sya wT more ma armas nappa pat 70 wreabwn mera 3 va aA Nap "nD Toa PSI sone mam oomaw ap Neugarien, 1968, 1979) rum be nnpnaa pmarannn sab mnman ners be nisor wx a orMANoNT oo be yon omnes oa mand -p 4m oa AMIE mayan wren ante emer awax Pa-by (604 pawn stay avophen mapoe snasTna any olny nown “aye mon min mone hs obo wen w nn mmapv Dw VIN’ TINK aby nny Te aA ‘wpa ompND mM wp 7D OX) OTDNOD mnnenn vabyd AMP nM ampykn 21K bab amumin twa 92 Kb yp 99 any (nraSnAM be onvpe 2 save oyMIA ODby oWAD ANE OMNIA ow: bib omen on iy ,mpyseTONpT abe nan Oeenim nk mmnve oman fx wang mba on mepRD f pyeae om ars by emsn syny) rarran “av po mmeE BErAMAK vom -p eben 73 -yaD OPPOA THA rx) monn mBgpyn Dw yaw xo 1D Ta) omarpy riKw ceo by MarR» OPTP oF OEM ba apna ma ox yaa rowea am mindy an bn anes noha APOE ana jor) zmayea MBIESOD ASEM vin arpa? ow ppowe at | ue moxmon nwinn ne -Paany DH jon Torna ren ya ne me aye FRO MAN HoH dw hee wr epaTS RY oA DIT ras me nt Ya Pa ya nian — you nT) — reawan man = onan mapann oan anwexnD 7p! by wos pwnd rane mr pine bx en to oT ue ND Pena — os ypR rare pmo aN nebo pe bs smn manor Wwe joo ‘yp cponin man sont mons’ oman moran AR [ya je) EMA sb ba EmmwA mowna tiay'n arty mina nx ryan omen oma ye MaNM Ma¥TaA Rd AD ww aya DD pow nbra meen — mena kn manna resw meen sen MAPA389 | mupnn bo arate men op) avo (marernn nana MAA bm MI Ame amas 9 rrvaw “pny wan momna ween ri mK soo Tax? tmx BADD 6H .OTPN TV Ne aos WGA DWN TAT tne by annnnonm ama nx pany M3 arn BY DATAPD bw wD in rinsowne phn an nom wy OMMSON BUI newneny (MMDKY MTL Mya Y"TT) NTT EMR ma Tomb vw BIA AR NPM AMAVEM AIRT KD ar mira maya Year porn ww orgy) EMPOBY chrools & Svensson) map" 9 1096; Caer, 1993, “ne Tap MOND ANSI MNT nN AANA > AE yD bea $y temo POX MGA nMwNE ny “ayn "> OBEIPA .oYPETAA moma “p-hy kP 7 oemam orbs oN PS AAT prev manspinsva remnAaMA nn TER ne MSPS novENa ON Om VAeT MAN? DTN 990, 1894) rraan pea hw mapa ie nravER ys ww yy amar Bean bx OEP MInnONA Tw urna memo rama mabwan monn myn ms’ oyeRM ONDA Birren, Kenyon, Rt InpwrapPR waa WNP FANN Amy Sw mMnnannA Maw pathyes menpn mnovasnp map nvainn avaen my qynba fe-span developmental psychology) “awa rma w remnnENT Frmena JR aI PR Dalles, Reese, & Lipsilt, 1980) wma ovbxa puntan mimpy be mapas wo remnnoAn pw IaMK Ya} OMAN paAn pamvp ratio) aypunm Apn> orb ayK DoE .2Mam oma: PSU PaTAD OM PENNY we GONE ON OPN opr arya ow on (eouy by pabo mini mown’ mss smanr AaI0A *SbD ATMwPIN EMMAnoAy rons ppinn on 729 aA by aa enbud os phy ww amex prone oxana Onn omy mm 7 fo nad mean nyse apy Pe IT 0 nat Ba ApoE “aw rnp “nm 30m x Ady YoMIANA TT neMDIPR Fw Mon mye nan MP AN why OOM Me FORA wr by m ‘pysnd ww araxw oma pea) oa nMBPA MAN spo pspo oa nM 1 ws AEN Amn AM¥D OMAR TRY Tew fa AVavER pant ) SETHE “OH fon A AT anon yyw RA OHA abe oan bo aman Anon anna eYs snEOR NIwNwAD Ro OPV NAW AMADOR NN now? OMN) wOI Pw AKA Pa Bye? asyO\ WIN TDI :361 | mapa be mvasbraree nen enmipsys mapa” be rem soba yim rman apna vewisn 5, PB. & Bales, MLM) "nnisan maT ErwoRAT RT ABT AM TK “pn oy Moo way 1980 me DTD — Bales § 1997) *p'ra bo my ‘a rowp napya eruoweD avs yw Maw Maw aN 4 map (successful aging) “nna myn 20ws wuwR mn ov bw _rywaya mavhemman argos mam aM ype Fpnan non Aa MU pong apn awa anna ay at minan ernie mora shana maprim ya pany awn 2 Fotann nk mino¥ mx Rowe & Kahn, 1987) JPY 3 inpy sy ren ies, 1983) ypiinn oy aK MINA $y aw) An Jeo wana mbm wy nab ‘hy erty myapa jst non arp are ons ay mmoeye pu S59 AMM mada omeaym moana $y AYabosDn meow Kw KID) amainem (rman omy; ynpam ian be D» fe events aon wer by “SowIR pay wea Ty ovnA Pye yy Mano MAYA AMAA TON ATEN ne ATA ri 70a pW Zp bw yD TI MeLeod, 1996 by surypHoma ony "psn vp arp wn nud ma fon) "9 $y mupmepre jo WER we O'SIND PAN “ann Pw AwAphD smMABATT Hw ano bby .ornan 3k Ney oTPON YY MP ONT ORES Ee emmnonn ‘pian daa mamna murs penmye ge ube by nbn WW WBA. AMUD Yo MBNA vk AS! NOM “rsp PO ava bo Snbain sieve moron in yar MSP Yow ApH ID — BA Pw IME {myer aR) BMAVD OBKOD YO NPD Ww AOU AN onPND MP ‘yy cman sp (omy OMY NA TI) nx oop Oude: ane Twn PAM’ Paw Senet AR oxAy °> aon Dery? wns by moan) vous anny yar any wnpA rena yup 9 7 owe 9p HB) pram nbyon mmwex 9 Ma Pod we My mirvoy oy) oyu Ana BOND Jenpon mo by OBeXS OTN NOS oN mg bo wns pn ooyD ono — Sn gpian own aK ORV eUX Sw mama faa mvs mane Je ho raven bw monn by Ney TTA oMelED opm ow Imvann omaby byt rrasyn ona bmn sro oa apes ony apna mam mmnnonn rinse bw man, iagia B29 ope A Aw DN A bw PN by minwae mam Yvon Sao yan Ona ayer ima ow oenpan by Frrawa TY mPa! sy new? sand yrs pose ne mpase mays smpan mon be pea onwpA OM harps) MIT BD — aweenpn mpaoaa yarn by mus’ wi me ovpyn omayennp ornpen om yowe now apse a wD — ‘pox ma bu npr9a 207 arirhy ome 2 raw bor mrzmnann ow ripen owe nvr pwr apr bra (sel nant mm exe rma — 2-Va0D AT TAPTY srw Mabw Pyrmvoka mapbon «me mous sano aM Tra enwM Se mM amo mMwE OMEN Aa Anna ANE masnd mon mm TM baxwoa "wen poue vanes MwoRND ANN raVI0 ATI AONE WRI wrwaba vinw ww oFouD Sy AT nhap wD oma savin pow nk suns muons mapben yu aeshus TavIMwS ETD mown wi aoTAA xby rb oe JW ne TWAD anM mIEWHD AND AT wx maps Pon_D THE wy mine oN MD Hea MVANND AN AMID papa bene oy tan AKA Ore by Yom) MK META APTA YAM sn rmarann “Ta ray AMrana ni mupyn nBwpny ann wenn ows Thy onk mimann? oaxwD OMAP AK DVN win MDD pgaka bum) man by maw qh nya nana Maa SB WA jarreng fen vaya hy BYP uA seman MryoN re 23 naw WN? BPN} BY THNT Mow ANPH IaMNA OWN oy AT mop “npon rm many vy oa yr apn nmmana’y maar we naa orn HSN myprin nown by ornk orlnye now> “nna mapTiA” ing mona nw, man “bana on [on pues ap semABA BeMaED BANK ON RT arya mana APR MMA MBA AEM PD mvs AVA Ww) ve rape nk AMbDA Pome at | 36 vennivava naptime” bw empon mba 0 ompo oy mpupho marewpw” man fw om ns opin a power 7 .aMn IK oy OMT OUP ANT ABW? MET OY OYPPD A mon prem ove men nema npwe ws MoMA TpAN mpson maa msm om an bap’ oA" owt axna senpon wT mw bw arab AIBN Aa DVR OA TWH BAPE arma arspi7a pxO AEN OOK wD ‘pn paN away ma pasa? OMB OWEN 0 mmo AA MAND yoo .wapH aa NA oF mova maxow wr OTe aD Pa mrpy st? on mwoxs 1 goyy oa MID APD wT FO me anand nbsopa mawn nivo367 | mapa by neatoron nen row pab any nn memes by AMAR pp oA onoeae by wowT ‘yma aa anya nownn by omy abby Tam orbs pipwan namenw one Drepve rayprato arm oo OFS wrainvMAT AMO ar wr AT otkin) Prewy “rs roe fmanon 9o SMW moe vwyT vo eeproien ame AX Dae ron > (1998 & o7maw env DoD “AEN wa tannin owe hw POR BY I mR *aPA UPON Sw oD .dwD' ,reD) MDI TONKA ox px aphhan (MMR RoNS PAM MMI By aM So ww jeas * yw pox Bx arr mA pow ppoay bp rma (ona: pmo py Im mW nanan nie ema ony ow snvan orem XPM re by we neon AMMA nnnAD rPPSDR Fy mow! wR RY MAN wwe omnnon movwen wae pat a wInn na oY OID Pa om Spe PX maw? ome Moyo AMM be oA BNET rman Tox} enbe 1D NBD OM ONPT DIK) ear opr mia By npaoa or MA) 9s ORD oUpT Pa A EVaw wsD2 YP yw upER pa? -aPN UPD! aww bo -wnna wow WK bw omw onwpna nme (resilience) nrpasn sui rman (Ryif, Singer, Love & Essex, 1998) rans 47 (Werner, 1995) Deng dio bX MBN AME MM Taw IN WINX? raw? nh? AAD Ye nemuornn man oY ARTA oN Nt Ye moe nie pa TS MUNA awNK Sy YPN AMMA ANG yo erp Aww mBvoEA (payehological well-being) MantHEeD nAW oyna omra omen she ornpon (Ry, 1995) eros om OrnPAN pow at | 200 anbain ropa orp) om pena niegp mame oman nna ww voor by manna Breed 9 Ty noyaAd weaAy oop ama mod on aX oMwED EDDM OD An Psy oe obser mona Mpa Dm BA RMDRD No AYN’ mY Ax pHaby MapuIAA nana man pew aware morn nen~ne (subjective 1 meaw" Sy arma map ony nAVIAD we penx 1am OUP privy rman ows 01 PSHUPH MA MON 10m wpa bY PAM Toman vorby pp anstaeh ven Pa apHMPR So IMM 3M owe bo mann Won owwaR PO (Lawton, 1988) pnw (Trsaweenp) maton nan pa op onaJeAy “Apan ww wD by emanen Sak mm remgna oaT ra any yorworp dw FERAD rar mie nah ain TH uF aMnAA MPS ITVS: rutexsomay xprry onworp °59 .arIaun BNP OF emianoa npon ma wrinn abe nrmw $39 ape mbanena nis orn Sy ONO OMENS ws 47> OME waypM mosws Tes wsranaro swe cman oownp wn on pon aura ans 43 79 15 wy TATA ONNMOD TON Ms OTN PEK OwIOS TNS sO 1K nama pin myeaxa won by myo “9 omay APIA WD TH} NSMBTUDNN” OHA AY BANA Taw mM omanoA “pon Lambs PP ApwanaA mamw son Jy) manny oubxs Sw “are ay MepPO Pop nowpna mwa mewmnpA Apanb bean oy Maw Tw vay owt? mpnan marr xv Cry OWNS bw swonan ‘pan Pp niwwe PRY TAPHA A Beman “TpBn nwa mA IW 1989) “ortax bw abroor be mun noun oa qworn ,a-nponA S¥9 Pa py APxpRIWPK MEP -oaBy Aa PAW OPO ATP nny swear ts) 99 anon Oa 1 ns Pere nay om ewan AN px) Dro DTN pa ASMA TAD mropn pavia wanwa fr pinton (Gate & Za mon npon aw map tna (envppy® rmevepran own tru 1 vam mempor svvwpea rman nen naa mpboen ey bo AMwOR A pac miei) WER AT bw Sowa MOAR BD Eman BOND mac) 1W2K RT O87 mM OSA AMT ‘yo nomi naan Av rom 7 ‘na nia bw ow aa ror mM noypna arsipona amawR saa pymamnn mpron by morn mis pin owe bw sasB AN MOK OT EMP SPT AR wR MN by ym MPUPH SR TT = mina ssupne wren be mwa mapa apni aa Poa wen renpan ary ayn bap arpa 991 mana oy Mae nT a -nb>pna amaahy pon wise ‘enna mn min yy pyaxn ,Pan mEypaT ap 493 Pan oy man am a mine mab ova maypese nn by saw mam yo) TAPE ITMWORE opr PS MaRS Manan mii — mami3Tt | mapr $y nates amen yaa uw? OMIT Taw sey rua eRe — (relativism AVERY a TON TNE Owe pO MITA ow Hw AITwES ON MMW ARMA phy pone yw TA mena ww — (uncerainly) MeN TONS Powe max? ya xbw ENN? mina bay ph pompen op-Sy oon moAD APM pr ow Sw p27 saruar oa bw obra oom van aD wa Pw OM yoIRA MAR PW RxD OMBIH ON PAD MaYy ART 33 Farwn oy erprane nmr Sina eA bo ama mara TaN Up pa be nprsa miey reba oo co To PD aosD mT ab in’ pn kin 71 0197 ovpY B= pa rane Tan wen mms (arowh) riven by sea sn ny van oa KOK Up eo Oana IK YY ONAN AY A TID ANSE ne not? ven AM yo mows maby pop masta oy mManBY ALMA Ye jpymway narwn vata aor IoNwD 7 rypNnn whe by you? BYP wR Orso 5 (gender) Hn neBwA, ymNMBAAA ANNAN ‘ono mana mr Sana oromin wy een Pa in, 1982) Brag or ONT bw mbyor meme cont pa oFmwawe oN we aay napIA dea IAN nryap oa ann mba area vob opmen naa wane OWN oA non 1990; Ory & Warner, 1990) 8 -mabsmny ni pnb nw 1996) 7a nowy TEER ‘MeFadden,) mapyt bu nan nen be papa win myn aA aw RETA (Tomstam, 1996) nxvornw wn ,gero-transcendence nMIPA AMMAN: 82 OW MAE OY jen? pre gen be prinonn wae be nop wm apna A Avoeruyenon anna mm? ap WwaK AWN AW AO-NA MApA OXON 7s Jpop by rapN> onw arp mina 9 TOA WHNDW JOH AWS TT YW PAY TP fon RR OMRNBA ,OMETINN OSD WW OAVID Pad mown MEA PI ppowr ay | froma amy ovbea bo AMANAD 2 Yenc mapa be npnea apo ra aprons aa in ow patna Mean "a? Bing woWND mianona snp 2a 1s mans vayyn bw mam Ary bo prin ermms (Herzog & Markus, 19995 Rylf & syima wminan nr son TaD moon meson MswDT MM pvnan mrenan 1996) Yo monn mam aenoep oann ay os apna bo rmatbrsnog «Reker & Wong, 1988) omn'n Gubrium &) muorupnwonpa alnaox> py nnwpna APOE mI Ampinna won ata TeNANA 7ayAA yoW WE nuban pn ampa nbebna ninap by mast (ere nape ph pemen nx apa wre wx a AN AUNT son by Basan munary mp0 woH 27 PeMDPR ypaun mYnon nhven germs onan mpRD ANW? OupY ewe mug) THE AK TN ONE yp apy WiMrw Yap OT71 bm omen qoan by paz mage mempR nouRwA ABAD bw v9 appa qow Yow mabnwn bp xan mann bo nbn oavaxbn ba} (Loviatan, 1989) nays nema mnman pe AY) [a OMT DUP by mreEMN aM PY MdwT wr MRT sap mam mniorep arn oyp) ox OMY OF IR AT AED PIN ap bw pak ee DW remo ropa promaA 5 oH nwa neDT Ano OMppM ommax 99 ovEND DDIM monena ob er wAM wD MIP «Sperry, 1996) smnnonn pons apm bw AISA” NpBLAN wyPT Nw HT Brann Ik warnA eYTA mPraD aya reaaR Maw eT MPA MmprinAy "yn paKDA yp pon awyD> x enn ryypyd mares stn “Tap bs one Ty Sy MRD A een inn pa mmwE oir Aya Tawa mom monn yw ware ange nba pon jhe mee maw ny nn bun way bw aber nhop> wan may 73 nb yaR VOTE mwa aay AT pros ADI A Fone winwd ompor asmempT ronan rman mibaap maw Yo mpm nena re arwpa by pemsom anna eran sabi sppenan rtp *5) oa Se row cbman aman’ ans angen Tre — wn 1 mannonaA poan ne nn TAN Na TeyTIT waT AS ATP OD at nx apna oxpps a AK wy exon nMws TEM mown ps nanan 73 pring arew by Ame mbnnnd om rnb bw won TaNN wo vymnan ann outa Tank 1983) apr by BREN TTD bw mabn mpm nninzeon mepwAR caR Am BIE MAAN MINwS Awa Po Mob ama mms oka mbxw neva mewn ssa nap wn pays mina377 | mapas Sw nombre amg Bengtson, V.L., Burgess, EO, de Parrott, TM. (1997). Theory, explanation, oretical development in social gerontology. 2f Gerontology: Social Sciences, 328, 12-88, importan.? Models and expkmations in gerontology atthe tan of the century, In VL. Bengtson & K.W. Schaie (Ed), Handbook of th ofeging (pp. 3-20). New York: Springer. Bengtson, ViL. & Schaie, KW. (Eds) (1999). Hi ‘aging. New York: Sprngee n-Chiel) (1996). Encyclopedia of gerontology: Age, and the aged. San Diego, CA: Academic Pees. (1988). Emerge 100k of theories of tories of aging. ALE, Schtoots, J..F. & Svensson, T. vaphy: Explorations i . Schie, KW. (Eds. (1996), Hendbookeythe prycholosy ‘of aging. New York: Academic Press. Biren, 1, S& Schroots, J. (1996). History concepts psychology of aging. In J.B. Biren & K.W. Schaie (Eds, Brandistadter 1, & Renner, 6 _goal adjustment: Exy . §. (1983). The noble challenge of siress. In S, Brezn Siress in Israel (pp. 265-274). New York: Van Nostrand Re} Bruner, J. (1990). Aete of meaning, Cambridge, MA: Harvard Press, Buhler, C., & Massari Springer. Butler, RIN. (1963), The life review: An interpretation of reminiscence in the aged. Psy) 8 P. (1968). The course of h fe. New York: ly theory: Social in Psychological Science, 4 ppowe renga noe ph aaeymMnN mr SENN ebD oN AT MM AR — Tvs TwA sTATbn MMM myDINS map IT (LOE) jena wpa aan map by ome. OIA 98H) > nbwesnaa OM OPI «tN ABP MPT (oN) po prow yea Taw oy nisin eaPaK-on (142-93 “2Y) Jpn gma TMT NINN N .2MaVD (1979) 3.97 parame each oi oa 1 Ory, M.G. (Bus) (1994), ‘gayement development in gerontology. The Ger ;,R.C. (1989): A conti Bales, PB. (1991). The many faces of furman ageing. Towa 2 of old age. Psychological Medicine, 21,8 Balies, PB. (1997). On the incomplete architecture of hums lection, optimization, and compensation as foundation of development ical Baltes, PB., Reese, H.W, & Lipsitt, LP. (1980). Life-span development syehology. Annual of Psychology, 31, 65~100. Baltes, PB, & Sm in very old age: Introduction to a collection of ariiles from Aging, 12, 395-408. 1 & Sowarka, D, (1990). Wisdor ‘One facet of successful aging? In M. Perlmutter (Eu), Late life pote ‘Washington, DC: The Gerontological Society of America319 | mapria Se nvasinsrep nanan Gergen, KJ. (1994). Realities and relationships: Sou Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. voice: Psychological theory a Press. igs ft social con Gubrium, LF, & Holstein, J.A. (1999). Constrw jonist perspes ing. In V.L. Bengtson & K.W. Sele (Eds), Handbook of thearies of caging (pp. 287-305). New Yor s: Towant a ic Books psychology of Havighurst, RJ. (1932). Develop David Mckay. Hazan, H. (1994). Old age: Construct ind: Cambridge University Press, Herzog, AR, & Markus, H.R, (1999). The self-concept in life span and In V.L. Bengtson & KW. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of theories of aging (pp. 227-252). New York: Springer. Hobfoll S.E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A. nev allemp at concep- Psychologist, dd, 513-524, and deconstructions, Cambridge, le 17), Basel: competence (Contributions to human development, Vol Kroger, Huyck, M.H. (1990). Gender differences in aging. In J.B. Biren & KW. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp-124~132). New York: Academic Press Jung, C.G. (1971). The stages of life (Originally pul by RR In J. Campbell (Ed), The portable Jung (pp. 3-22). New Yorks Viking. Kahana, B., & Kahana, B. (1996). Conceptual and empirical advances in (pp. 18-40). New York: Springer. poise 21 Carstensen, LiL, (1995). Evidence fora life-span selectivity, Annual Review of Ga 'S. (1972), Psychoanalytic viewpoints survey. In D. P, Kent, R, Kastenbaum & S. Sherwood (Eds. for the elderly (pp. 279-314). New York: Bel cal planning and acti Publica Chyton, VP, & Biren, J.B. the life span: A reexam! O.G. Brim, Je. (Eds), Life span develop 103-135). New York: Academic Press. Cobler, BJ. (1993). Aging, morale, and meaning: The nexus of narrative WA, Achenbaum, PL. Jacobi & R, Kastenbaum (Eds), Voices g: Toward a critical gerontology (pp. 107-133). 1980), The development of wisdom across jon of an ancient topic. In PB. Baltes u and behavior (Vol. 3 York: Springer. Cumming, B., & Henry, WE (1961). G New York: Basic Books. ing old, The process of die chological Bulletin, 125, 276302. Diener, E,, & Suh, MB. (1997). Subj {ermational analysis. Annual R 304324, son, EL. (1950). Erikson, ELH, (1968). fe Erikson, EL, (1982). 7h y. New Yerk: Norton, lenbsum, G., &'Smyer, M. (1981). The development, validity, and relia y of the OARS multidimensional functional assessment questionnaire. Journal of Gerontology, 36, 428-834, Fries, LF. (1983). The compression of morbidity. Milbank Menarial ‘Quarterly, 61, 397-419. Garfein, A.J, & Heraog, A.R. (1995). Robust a old-old, and oldest-old. Jounal of Gerontolo 11-81 Gatz, M., 8 Zarit, $.H. (1999). A good old age: Paradox or possibility VL. Bengtson & KW. Sea and ge: An tology and Geriatrics, society, New York: Nort is. New York: Norton a among the young-ofd, Social Sciences, 50, 396-816). New York: Springer.381 | mupnn be mothe nema Explorotions in adult develop McAdams, D.P,, de St. York: Gi K.W. Sebaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of agi 162-177). San Diego, CA: Academie Press Diego, CA: Academic Press. Nelson, E.A., & Dannefer, ‘The fate of dive 17-23, Neugatten, BLL. (Ed) (1968), Middle a sity of Chicago Press Neugusten, B.L. (1979). 1 Pay Ory, MG, & Warner, H. R. (Bds,) (1950). Gener health, avd lon ‘Muliidisciptinary perspectives. New York: Springer. Ray, RE, (1996). A postmodern perspective on feminist gerontology. Th Gerontologist, 36, 674-680. Reker, G.7, & Wong, PEP. (1988). Aging as an individual process: Toward 4 theory of personal meaning, In IE, Biren & V.L, Bengison (Eds), rergent sheories of aging (pp. 214-246). New York: Springer. Ricgel, K (1976). The dialectics of human development, chologist, 31, 689-700, Rosenau, PM. (1992). Post-mode imvoeds, Rowe, J.W., & Kali, RL. (1987). Human aging: Usual and successful Science, 237, 143-149, 1D. (1992). A nd aging. Chicago: The Univer- fe eycle. America Ppome at ot Kaufman, 8. (1986). The Ageless self: Sources of Madison, WI: ly of Wisconsin Press, Lawton, MP, (1989). Env In S. Spacapan & 8, Oskamp (Eds), Ti 135-163), Newbury Park, CA: Sage Lawton, M.P, Moss, M., Fuleamer, M., & Kleb service-oriented multilevel assessment instrument. J gy. 37, 91-99, Lazarus, B.S, (1982). The psychology of stress and coping reference to Israel, In C.D. Spielberger, 1G. Sarason & N.A, Mi (Eds), Stress a ty (Vol. 8, pp. 23-36). Washington, DC: sphere. Leviatan, U. (1989). Successful aging: TI Aging and Judaism, 4, 71-92. Levinson, DJ. (1978). The sea Levinson, DL. (1996). The seasous of Locvinger, J. (1976). Bgo develop nz, J. (1998). An image of 217-250). New York: Plenum Maddox, G.L. (196), Disengagement theory: A critical evaluation. he 4, BOBS, Nurius, P (1986). Possible selves. Am ‘Marshall V.W. (1994). Sociology, psychology, and the theore the Kansas City studies. The Gerontologist, 4, 768-174. Marshall, VW. (1996). The state of theory in ag In RH. Binsiock & LK. George (Eds), Handbook of aging a socialsciences (ath ed., pp. 12~30), San Diego, CA: Acadesmic Prest, ‘MeAdams, D.P. (1993). The stori of the self. New York: W. Mowow. McAdams, D.P (1996). Narrating GM. Kenyon: JE. Ruth, J.LF. Schrools & T. Svensson (Eds), A303, | _nupmn be mysrioven monn Sperry, L. (1996). Aging as a de trends, In L. Sperry & H, Prosen (Eds) Sternberg, RJ. (Ed.} (1990). Wisdan: fie nature, a New York: Cambridge University Press. ‘Tomnstam, L, (1996). Gerotranscendence — A theory about maturing in old iy 1,37-80, ta life. Boston: Lite Brown, of the ego. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Werner, EE. (1995). Resi Psychological Seience, 4,8|- Whitbourne, $.K. (1986), York: Springer Verlag. se in devel Current Directions tn 85, F kaow: A udy of adult identity. New Ryff, C.D. (1995), Psyet wyohological Sei Ryff, C.D, & Marsh processes. New York: Springer Rylf, C.D, Singer, B., Love, G.D., & Essex, MJ. (1998). Resi 1d and later life: Del 1 (Ed), Hanelboot of ‘approach (pp. 69-98). New Yorks Plenum. 2, TA. (1991). Theoretical perspec ing features and dyt si Schraots, 1J.F. (1995). Psycholo ‘on Aging, 14, 44-66. Schroots,JJ.F. (1996). Theoretical developments inthe psy , 36, THD~T48, Sciulz, R, & Heckhausen, J rican Psychologist, 51, 102-714, G. (1996). An outlook on ied formulation. Imernct 42, 2771-280, 998). Subjective we of overlooked differenti ‘Shmotkin, D.,& Lomranz, J survivors: An examina Personal Shuval, J.T. (1993). Migeati (Eds), Handbook of sires: 641-657), New Yerk: Fee Press,