CONTENTS

Reported Speech

1. A BLOODY BUSINESS 2

2. SELECTIONS FROM WORLD LITERATURE (EdGAR ALLAN POE) 6

7. THE CASK OF AMONTILLADO (by EdGAR ALLAN POE) 10

4. CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW 15

5. LEARN THESE 16

EXAMPLES FROM ÖYS/YDS 18

TEST YOURSELF 1 20

TEST YOURSELF 2 51

TEST YOUR PREPOSITIONS 42

PRACTICE EXAM 2 46

BEDSIDE STORIES 62
 Reported Speech

1. A BLOODY BUSINESS
Complete the following dialogue using the correct answer given below.

The enterprising young businessman, Andrew Dale Dashing, has been found stabbed to death
in his office with the word "SWINE" written on the carpet in his own blood. Inspector Costello
Tricksome and his faithful sidekick, Mr. Hercules Abbott, have taken on the case. They arrive
at the office building and, as Tricksome thoughtfully smokes a pipe whilst sitting in the late Mr.
Dashing's surprisingly comfortable office chair, Abbott, in the next room, interrogates Mr.
Slippy, one of the building's security guards, who is known to be somewhat simple-minded but
nevertheless well aware of all the titillating office gossip.

Abbott: You were working on the night of the crime, (1) ......... you, Mr. Slippy?
Slippy: (2) .........
Abbott: You didn't notice anything unusual that night, (3) ......... ?
Slippy: Nope, nothing out of the ordinary, really. And I'll bet that if you talk to Mr. Schlaf, the
other guard, he won't have noticed anything, (4) .......
Abbott: And why is that?
Slippy: Because he was in the boiler room sleeping all night, the lazy son of a...
Abbott: Alright, alright, sir, your point is taken. Now, you can describe for me everything you
remember about that night, (5) ......... ?
Slippy: Sure, buddy. I came to work about 6 o'clock in the evening, like always, because
that's when my shift starts. My shift's from 6 in the evening till 2 in the morning, you
see.
Abbott: And Mr. Dashing was still there in the building when you began your shift, (6) .......... ?
Slippy: Oh yeah. He was a really ambitious young guy, you know, and sometimes he would
still be there, working like a maniac, even at the end of my shift.
Abbott: I see. And Mr. Dashing can't have always been alone up there in his office, (7)

Slippy: No, not usually. There are sometimes one or two other guys working up there. And
then there's his secretary, Miss Looker. Sometimes he had unusual visitors, (8) ..........
Abbott: And Mr. Dashing didn't have any unusual visitors on the night the crime was
committed, (9) ...... ?
Slippy: Well, (10) ........ I only saw his wife, Saffron, and one of his friends, an old guy whose
name is Partch, I think, coming in.
Abbott: I see. And you must remember at what time these people arrived, and at what time
they left, (11) ........ ?
Slippy: Well, let me see... the Partch guy got there right at 6 and left about twenty minutes
later - he was probably just saying hello and shooting the breeze, as usual. As for
Saffron, well, I guess she came around 8 or so and left about an hour later.
Abbott: And was tnıs normaıy
Slippy: Definitely. She had been coming and going at almost exactly the same times, maybe
three nights a week, for a few months or so. She can sometimes be a pretty nasty -
lady, (12) if you want my opinion. She always gives me the evil eye, do you
know what I mean?
Abbott: Well, (13) And what about this secretary^ Miss Looker?
Slippy: She left only a short time after Saffron arrived, a bit earlier than she usually (14)
Abbott: Tell me about her.
Slippy: Oh boy, let me tell you something, buddy - she is absolutely gorgeous! It was always
a joy watching her leave the office at night, I'll tell you that.
Abbott: And, if I may ask a somewhat sensitive question: you don't think that Mr. Dashing
and Miss Looker were having an affair, (15) ?
Slippy: Well, buddy, (16) I can't say for sure, of course, but I reckon that they were. I
mean, after all, almost every night between 6 and the time his wife came, he was
alone with just her up there. A handsome young guy, a beautiful young woman - do
the math on that.
Abbott: (17) someday. In the meantime, I have another question -when Miss Looker
left that evening, there wasn't anything unusual about her, (18) ?
Slippy: (19) Nothing too unusual, anyhow. Maybe she walked out of the building a bit
faster than normal, that's all.
Abbott: So you mean to say that she usually takes her time when she's leaving, (20) ?
Slippy: Yes, exactly.
Abbott: And what about Saffron, Mr. Dashing's wife? You didn't notice anything unusual when
she left, (21) ?
Slippy: Not at all. She looked really angry, but she always looks angry, every time that I've
seen her, anyhow. To tell the truth, she's such a nasty woman that I really hope that
she's the one who did this.
Abbott: Well, Mr. Slippy, (22) (23) as that would make my job much easier in the
end. Now, I believe those are all the questions I have for you at the moment, so you
may leave. But I must tell you, sir, you have been most helpful, and I thank you from
the depths of my heart.
Slippy: Don't mention it, buddy. I'm pleased to please.

1. 4.
A) don't B) haven't A) so B) either
C) didn't D) weren't C) not D) too
E
) hadn't E) neither

2. 5.
A) So I was. B) So was I. A) do you B) can't you
C) I hope so. D) So I have. C) don't you D) have you
E) I'm afraid not. E) are you

3- 6.
A) have you B) haven't you A) did you B) didn't you
C) did you D) were you C) didn't he D) had he
E)didn
' tyou E) wasn't he

3
7. 16.
A) can he B) has he A) I think so. B) So do I.
C) did he D) didn't he C) Were they really? D) I don't either.
E) can't he E) Weren't they?

8. 17.
A) so B)not
A) So do I B) Perhaps I will
C)as D) either
C) I expect not D) Nor will I
E)too
E) Neither do I
9.
A) was it B) didn't he 18.
C) wasn't it D) was he A) did she B) was she
E) did he C) wasn't there D) was there
E) didn't there
10.
A) I don't think so. B) So do I. 19.
C) I expect so. D) Neither did he. A) So was there. B) Nor do I.
E) Nor did I. C) I suppose not. D) I think so.
E) Neither was she.
11.
A) did they B) mustn't you
C) must you D) must they 20.
E) didn't they
A) is she B) aren't you
12. C) don't you D) has she
A) so B)as E) isn't she
C) nor D) though
E) either 21.
A) were you B) didn't she
13.
C) didn't you D) was she
A) So do I. B) I believe so.
E) did you
C) I don't either. D) Did she really?
E) So does she.
22.
14. A) I suppose not B) nor did she
A) does B) is C) so did she D) I hope not
C) will D) was E) I hope so
E)has
23.
15.
A) well B) either
A) weren't they B) don't you
C) neither D)too
C) do you D) were you
E) do they E) not
 Complete the following passage according to the dialogue in Part A.
After the interview, Abbott goes into the main office only to find that Tricksome is no longer
there; however, he has left the following note for Abbott on the desk: "My dear Mr. Abbott, I seem to have
developed a terrible headache due doubtlessly to thinking about the case too deeply and straining my
brain on it far more than I should have done. If you would be so good as to send me a fax message
detailing your interview, I would be most delighted to use it to wrap up this case. Sincerely, Tricksome."
Abbott - after mumbling something about Tricksome's mysterious headache being a result not of too
much thought, but rather of too much pipe-smoke filling too empty a head - sits down and composes the
following fax message to send to Tricksome:

Dear Mr Tricksome,
Below you will be pleased to find a summary of my interview with Mr. Aloysius Slippy,
security guard at the building where the late Mr. Dashing was found so unfortunately dead.
Mr. Slippy first informed me that he (1) on the night of the crime,
and at first claimed that he (2) anything particularly out of the ordinary
that night, adding that, if I (3) to the other guard - a certain Mr. Schlaf
- that He (4) anything, either, as he (5) on the job the
\ whole night.
Mr. Slippy proceeded to describe his evening to me, saying that he (6)
to work at about 6 o'clock in the evening and that his shift (7) from 6
p.m. until 2 a.m. He told me that Mr. Dashing (8) in the office at the
beginning of his shift, and went on to enlighten me about the fact that Mr. Dashing had
been a very ambitious young man, and that sometimes he (9) there even
at the end of Mr. Slippy's shift. He said that sometimes there were one or two other men
working up there as well, not to mention the secretary - Miss Looker - and that, on
occasion, Mr. Dashing (10) visitors also. In fact, according to Mr. Slippy,
Mr. Dashing'd had two visitors on the night in question; namely, his wife, Saffron, and an
elderly man by the name of Partch. Mr. Slippy informed me that this Mr. Partch (11)
there at exactly 6 o'clock and had gone twenty minutes later. As for
Saffron, she apparently had come at approximately 8 o'clock and had left roughly an hour
after that. Her visits were quite normal, according to Mr. Slippy, as she had been coming
and going at almost exactly the same times for a few months prior to her husband's
untimely death. Then, without any prompting on my part, Mr. Slippy let slip that this
Saffron (12) '. quite a nasty woman sometimes, and that she always (13)
him what he referred to as "the evil eye".
Miss Looker, however - Mr. Dashing's secretary - elicited quite a different response
from Mr. Slippy, who claimed that she was absolutely gorgeous, and that it had always been
a joy for him to watch her leave in the evenings. (The poor man has so little else to do on
his lob, so let us grant him this one luxury, shall we?) By the by, Mr. Slippy also told me
that Miss Looker (14) only a short time after the arrival of Saffron,
which had been a bit earlier than usual for her.
It was at this point, Mr. Tricksome, that I played my hand and asked Mr. Slippy if he
(15) that Mr. Dashing and Miss Looker (16) an affair,
to which he replied that he (17} for certain, but that he (18)
that they (19) His reasoning behind his reckoning was
that, after all, the two of them had been alone together every night between 6 and 8,
mentioning also that they had been a handsome young man and a beautiful young woman and
telling me (20") the math on that (which I reckon means that I should use
my mental abilities to understand something that is patently obvious). Anyhow, I told him
that perhaps I (21) that math someday, and proceeded to ask him if,
when Miss Looker had left that evening, there had been anything unusual about her. He
(22) that there (23) thouqh he quickly went on to claim
that perhaps she (24) out of the building a bit more quickly than usual,
adding that she usually (25) her time when she (26)
When I asked him about whether or not there had been anything unusual about Saffron
when she had left, Mr. Slippy claimed that she (27) really angry, but that
this hadn't been so unusual as she always (28) angry, anyhow. He then let
me know that she was such a nasty woman that he really (29) that it was
her who (30) this.
So, Mr. Tricksome, there is your report. It should be more than enough, I believe, for
a great mind like yours to solve this mystery. Please do not try to reach me for the next
few days, as I plan to be relaxing at home due to the fact that this Mr. Slippy's vile
accent has inspired in me a headache that surely must make even yours seem small in
comparison.
Best regards,
Mr. Abbott
2. SELECTIONS FROM WORLD LITERATURE

EDGAR ALLAN POE (1809-1849)

|A Read the passage below, and then try to guess the meaning of the italicized
*™ words without using a dictionary.

The greatest American teller of mystery and suspense tales in the 19th century was Edgar
Allan Poe. In his mysteries, some of which feature the character C. Auguste Dupin, he
invented the modern detective story, while in his tales of suspense and his psychological
poems, his protagonists are tortured by nameless fears and longings, knowing neither what
they are afraid of nor what they might want. Today, although critics disagree about the worth of
his achievement, Poe remains one of America's most popular writers, but in his own unhappy
lifetime he knew little but failure.
Born in Boston on 19 January 1809, Poe was orphaned at the age of 3 and subsequently
taken into the home of John Allan, a merchant in Virginia, whose wife reared Edgar as if he
were her own son. Allan, however - who was one of the richest men in Virginia - accepted the
boy largely to please her, so he never formally adopted Poe, and over time grew quite cold
towards him. Poe's youth and early maturity would henceforth become a tale of trying, and
largely failing, to win the love - and not incidentally, the inheritance - of Allan.
When he was 17, Poe entered the University of Virginia, but was given only a small
allowance by Allan. Thus he took to gambling in the hopes of gaining more money, and when
his gambling debts ran up to $2500, Allan angrily withdrew Poe from school. A few months
later, in 1827, Poe left home and went to Boston, where he enlisted in the army under the
name of Edgar A. Perry.
In 1829, Mrs. Allan died, and Poe and Allan temporarily reconciled with one another.
Believing that becoming an officer would restore him to Allan's favor, Poe secured an
honorable discharge from the army in order to apply to the United States Military Academy at
West Point, New York. It turned out, though, that Poe hated the discipline and restraint of the
school, and when John Allan remarried - thus ending any chance of Poe becoming heir to his
fortune - the young man deliberately neglected his classes and duties and was expelled after
eight months.
For the next four years Poe struggled to earn his living as a writer. He had already
published two small books of poems, and now he began submitting stories to magazines. His
first success came in 1833, when he won $50 in a short-story contest, and by 1835 he had
become the editor of a fairly prestigious literary magazine. With this new-found financial
stability, Poe married his cousin Virginia, who was only 13 years old at the time.
Many of Poe's best stories were written as part of his editorial work for different
publications. Even those which he managed to sell rarely brought him more than $100 each,
so the young couple's finances began to erode steadily, but his stories brought him great
publicity, especially "The Murders in the Rue Morgue", which introduced the character C.
Auguste Dupin, the forerunner of Sherlock Holmes. During this time his wife began displaying
symptoms of tuberculosis.
In 1844 the Poes moved to New York City, where Poe worked as a journalist and editor.
By this time, Poe had already become well-known in literary circles, and the publication of
"The Raven and Other Poems" enhanced his reputation even more. For a time, the couple
lived fairly comfortably, but Poe's wife soon grew sicker, and he himself began growing weaker
and more and more addicted to alcohol and, perhaps, opium as well. During the winter of
1846-1847, they had very little food or fuel, and finally Virginia died, on 30 January 1847.
After her death, Poe, becoming increasingly depressive and erratic, moved back to
Virginia. A touching poem written at this time, "Annabel Lee", is essentially a dirge written in
remembrance of his wife. In 1849, while travelling from Virginia to New York, Poe mysteriously
disappeared in Baltimore. Five days later he was found, quite delirious and very near death,
and four days later he died, without ever regaining full consciousness, on 7 October 1849. For
more than a century, it was popularly believed that the cause of his death had been acute
alcohol poisoning, but a medical investigation in 1996 proved more or less conclusively that
the actual cause was rabies, claiming that all of Poe's sufferings in the days before his death
were symptomatic of that disease. This was well-received by Poe scholars, who had
approached the previous speculation with great skepticism, pointing out that, in his last years,
Poe was apparently so sensitive to alcohol that he rarely drank.
Poe was buried in Baltimore.
1. longings A) acquaintances B) lengths C) symbols
D) desires E) features

2. subsequently A) beforehand B) moreover C) afterwards

D) likewise E) otherwise

3. reared A) wore out B) fell behind C) put across

D) got over E) brought up

4. henceforth A) on the other hand B) from then on C) on the contrary

D) nevertheless E) at the same time

5. incidentally A) positively B) insistently C) by force

D) definitely E) by chance

6. allowance A) permission B) financial aid C) interference

• D) affection E) work credit

7. reconciled A) made up B) touched down C) looked after

D) counted against E)rose above

8. restraint A) control B) complexity C) clarity

D) admission E) involvement

9. heir A) lawyer B) supporter C) robber

D) inheritor E) debtor

10. deliberately A) on purpose B) in tune C) on occasion

D) in vain E) on time

11. erode A) halt B) deteriorate C) climb

D) slam E) function

12.enhanced A) smashed B) ridiculed C) elevated

D) delighted E) sabotaged

13. erratic A) questionable B) illiterate C) neutral

D) unpredictable E) stabilized

14. dirge A) wedding speech B) tragic play C) funeral song

D) nonsense verse E) improvised talk

15. delirious A) stable B) joyful C) disoriented

D)annoyed E) impatient

16. conclusively A) mysteriously B) honorably C) untimely

D) innocently E) definitely

17. skepticism A) faith B) favor C) hypocrisy

D) disbelief E) insincerity
 Choose the correct answer according to the passage.

1. It is clear from the passage that Edgar Allan Poe

A) never really knew of what he was afraid or what he wanted
B) married his young cousin in order to anger Allan, his adoptive father
C) was not bright enough to succeed at the West Point Military Academy
D) spent most of his life in Boston, where he was born
E) generally failed to get on well with his adoptive father
2. According to the passage, it seems that Poe's reputation
A) suffered greatly when he was discovered to have died of rabies
B) is different with the general public than it is with some critics
C) rests more on his tales of suspense than on his mysteries
D) is very high among the literary critics
E) has been steadily declining ever since his death in 1849
3. It is stated in the passage that
A) the poem "Annabel Lee" was written shortly before the death of Poe's wife
B) Poe may have been an opium addict as well as being an alcoholic
C) the character of C. Auguste Dupin was inspired by Sherlock Holmes
D) Poe voluntarily withdrew from West Point in order to pursue his writing
E) the book "The Raven and Other Poems" gave Poe his initial reputation
4. We understand from the passage that, even if Poe did manage to sell his
poems, he

A) was still not satisfied with the recognition he had gained in literary circles
B) still did not have enough money for his wife's operation
C) was unable to earn a substantial amount of money from them
D) was still looking forward to his adoptive father's fortune
E) was still unhappy and was generally feeling miserable

5. It is obvious from the passage that the scholars who favor Poe were
disturbed by

A) the supposition that Poe died from alcohol poisoning

B) the fact that Poe was not well-respected in literary circles
C) the revelation of an article claiming that Poe died from rabies
D) the accusations that Poe was a drug addict
E) the revelations in the media about Poe's personal life

Circle the choice which has the same meaning as the given sentence.

1. in his mysteries, some of which feature the character C. Auguste Dupin, Poe
invented the modern detective story, while in his tales of suspense and his
psychological poems, his protagonists are tortured by nameless fears and longings.
A) Poe, in his mysteries, proved to be the inventor of the modern detective story, whereas
his tales of suspense and his psychological poems sometimes star the character of C.
Auguste Dupin, a protagonist tormented by unnamed fears and desires.
B) The modern detective story and the mystery, as well as the tale of suspense and the
psychological poem, were the invention of Poe, who was tormented by nameless fears
and desires and who featured C. Auguste Dupin as protagonist in some of what he
wrote.
C) The modern detective story was created by Poe in his mysteries, which sometimes star
the character C. Auguste Dupin, whereas unnamed fears and desires torment the main
characters in his tales of suspense and his psychological poems.

8
2. Today, although critics disagree about the worth of his achievement, Poe remains
one of America's most popular writers, but in his own unhappy lifetime he knew little
but failure.
A) One of the most popular American writers with both the public and the critics, Poe was
largely a failure in his own unhappy lifetime because the critics could not agree on
whether or not he had actually achieved anything.
B) Poe remains one of the most popular American writers today, although in his own
depressing lifetime he was primarily a failure, which casts doubt on the ultimate worth
of his achievements.
C) Although Poe led a miserable life and met mostly with failure, nowadays he is one of
the most popular writers in America, despite the fact that critics differ as regards their
opinion of whether or not his work is actually any good.
3. Poe's youth and early maturity would become a tale of trying, and largely failing, to
win the love, and also the inheritance, of Allan.
A) The story of Poe's youth and early adulthood would be one of him attempting to secure
the love as well as the fortune of Allan, and for the most part failing in the attempt.
B) Although in his youth and early maturity Poe had once told a tale about his trying and
terribly failing to win the love of Allan, he did manage to gain his inheritance in the end.
C) Because Poe's story, in his youth and early adulthood, consisted largely of his
attempting and failing to gain Allan's love, he also proved unable to get Allan's fortune.
4. Even those stories which Poe managed to sell rarely brought him more than $100
each, so the young couple's finances began steadily eroding, but the stories
brought him great publicity.

A) Even though his stories brought him great publicity, the fact that Poe demanded more
than $100 for each one made them difficult to sell, and as a result, the young couple
got into more and more financial problems.
B) The stories may have made him well-known, but because it was only rarely that the
stories Poe was lucky enough to sell made over $100 each, the young couple fell more
and more deeply into financial trouble.
C) It was only because Poe's stories had made him well-known that the young couple
were saved from going bankrupt, because each story brought him more than $100.
5. "The Murders in the Rue Morgue", which introduced the character C. Auguste Dupin,
the forerunner of Sherlock Holmes, brought Poe great publicity.
A) With the publication of "The Murders in the Rue Morgue", in which the character C.
Auguste Dupin, who later inspired the character of Sherlock Holmes, appeared for the
first time, Poe drew great public interest.
B) It was the introduction of the character C. Auguste Dupin, which later inspired him to
develop the character of Sherlock Holmes, in his "The Murders in the Rue Morgue",
that made Poe critically acclaimed.
C) When Poe published "The Murders in the Rue Morgue", in which he introduced the
characters of C. Auguste Dupin and Sherlock Holmes, he attained great publicity.
6. For more than a century it was popularly believed that the cause of Poe's death had
been acute alcohol poisoning, but a medical investigation in 1996 proved more or
less conclusively that the actual cause was rabies.
A) A medical investigation in 1996 indicated that Poe may actually have died not from
acute alcohol poisoning, as people a century before had generally believed, but rather
from rabies.
B) In 1996, medical research showed without much doubt that the real cause of Poe's
death had been rabies, and not acute alcohol poisoning, as many people had been
thinking for over one hundred years.
C) Though many people continue to believe, even more than one hundred years after the
fact, that acute alcohol poisoning was the actual cause of Poe's death, medical
research carried out in 1996 suggests that a more probable cause was rabies.
 THE CASK OF AMONTILLADO (1846) by EdqAR AlUw POE

Read the passage below, and then try to guess the meaning of the italicized
words without using a dictionary.

This story, one of Poe's most famous and effective tales of psychological terror, takes
place during the carnival season in an unnamed European city. It begins with the narrator,
whose name is Montresor, informing the reader that he is planning to revenge himself on his
old friend Fortunato, who has made the mistake of insulting him. As Montresor comes from a
noble family, he cannot take an insult lightly, but must instead take action. Montresor runs into
Fortunato on the street one evening, and - because it is carnival - Fortunato is already quite
drunk. Montresor, pretending to be nice to his friend and knowing that Fortunato considers
himself a connoisseur of wine, informs him that he has recently bought a cask of amontillado,
which is a kind of fine Italian wine, but that he isn't sure whether it is genuine amontillado or
merely a cheap imitation. Fortunato takes the bait, and offers to come and taste the wine in
order to be able to tell Montresor if it is actually amontillado. At first, Montresor - noticing that
his drunken friend has also got a bad cough - declines the offer, pretending to fear for
Fortunato's health as the wine has been stored in the Montresor family catacombs underneath
the river, where the Montresors have been buried for centuries, and the damp air there would
surely be bad for him; Fortunato, however, insists on tasting the wine, and off they go.
As they begin walking through the tunnels of the catacombs, torches in hand, Fortunato
starts to cough violently, and Montresor insists that they go back. When Fortunato refuses,
Montresor says that, at least, he must drink some wine to fortify himself for the journey through
the tunnels. Fortunato accepts, drinks from the wine which Montresor produces from under his
cloak, and the two men continue on their way. During their walk, they stop several times with
Fortunato continuing to cough, Montresor insisting that they abandon their plan, and Fortunato
refusing to do so and drinking even more wine, until in the end he gets extremely drunk.
At just this point, the two men reach the end of the tunnels, where there is a small, dark
room entered through a low doorway. Montresor tells Fortunato to go inside, because the
amontillado is in the room, and Fortunato does as he has been told. Once he is in the room,
however, he realizes that there is no amontiliado: the room is empty but for a pair of chains on
one wall, to which Montresor chains the too-drunken Fortunato after overpowering him.
And then, Montresor begins to carry out the final part of his plan of revenge. He moves
aside a pile of bones to uncover some bricks and mortar, and with Fortunato chained to the
wall inside the room, he begins to seal the entrance with the bricks. Just as he is placing the
very last brick, he hears Fortunato laughing wildly and declaring that this must all be a joke -
and a very good joke, indeed - but when Montresor gives no reply, Fortunato cries out, "For
the love of God, Montresor!" Then he fails silent as Montresor puts the last brick in place and
stacks the bones neatly against the wall that he has just constructed. The story ends with
Montresor silently wishing Fortunato to rest in peace. The revenge is concluded.

1. narrator A) storyteller B) playwright C) novelist D) author E) essayist

2. insulting A) attempting B) surprising C) lowering D) attracting E) offending
3. connoisseur A) associate B) alcoholic C) burglar D) expert E) victim
4. genuine A) fake B) real C) accurate D) exact E) precise
5. takes the bait A) refuses vigorously B) becomes doubtful C) is deceived
D) resists firmly E) grows suspicious
6. declines A) buries B) rewards C) rejects D) disagrees E) descends
7. catacombs A) portraits B) mansions C) boats D) riches E) tombs
8. seal A) put up B) close off C) pull down D) work through E) hang around
9. wildly A) hysterically B) funnily C) crucially D) rudely E) tightly
10. stacks A) removes B) lengthens C) piles D) entombs E) considers
11. neatly A) ethically B) brightly C) mentally D) absurdly E) systematically

10
 Circle the choice which has the same meaning as the given sentence.

1. This story, one of Poe's most famous and effective tales of psychological terror, takes
place during the carnival season in an unnamed European city.
A) This story of Poe's, which is the best-known and most effective example of a tale of
psychological terror, is set during the carnival season in a European city whose name is not
well-known.
B) This story is one of the best examples of Poe's tales of psychological terror, for which he
often uses the carnival seasons in unnamed European cities.
C) This story is among Poe's best-known and effective tales of psychological terror, and is set
during the carnival season in a European city whose name is not specified.
2. The story begins with the narrator, Montresor, informing the reader that he is planning
revenge on his old friend Fortunato, who has made the mistake of insulting him.
A) Montresor, the narrator starts off the story by explaining to the reader that, as his old friend
Fortunato has made the error of offending him, he intends to take vengeance upon him.
B) Having come up with a plan to take vengeance upon his old friend Fortunato, Montresor, the
narrator, begins the story by making the mistake of insulting him.
C) Fortunato has mistakenly been insulted by his friend, the narrator Montresor, and now he
has a plan to get revenge on him, at which point the story begins.
3. As Montresor comes from a noble family, he cannot take an insult lightly, but must
instead take action.
A) Montresor thinks that, as a member of a noble family, he has the right to offend others, but
that they shouldn't react.
B) Since Montresor is descended from a noble family, he believes that no one can insult him,
so he'd rather take action than do nothing.
C) Being a descendant of a noble family, Montresor feels obliged to react to the offense rather
than disregard it.
4. Montresor, pretending to be nice to his friend and knowing that Fortunato considers
himself a connoisseur of wine, informs him that he has recently bought a cask of
amontillado but that he isn't sure whether it is genuine.
A) Montresor thinks that, by behaving in a friendly way towards his friend Fortunato, an expert
on wine, he can convince him to help him decide whether the amontillado he has just
bought is real or an imitation.
B) Acting friendly towards Fortunato, who he knows thinks of himself as an expert on wine,
Montresor explains that not long ago, he bought a cask of amontillado, of whose
authenticity, however, he is not certain. • .
C) Upon learning that Montresor has recently bought a cask of amontillado, Fortunato, who
imagines himself a connoisseur of wine, offers to help Montresor discover whether it is real
or not.
5. The room is empty but for a pair of chains on one wall, to which Montresor chains the
too-drunken Fortunato after overpowering him.
A) Montresor defeats the overly drunken Fortunato and binds him to the pair of chains that is
attached to one of the walls of the room.
B) Except for two chains on one of the walls, the room is bare, and Montresor overwhelms
Fortunato - who is overly drunk - and secures him with these chains.
C) There is a chain on one wall of the otherwise empty room, and after fighting with Fortunato
- who is quite drunk - Montresor restrains him with this.
6. Just as he is placing the very last brick, he hears Fortunato laughing wildly and
declaring that this must all be a joke, but when Montresor gives no reply, Fortunato cries
out, "For the love of God, Montresor!"
A) Fortunato begins laughing violently at the same time as Montresor is positioning the final
brick, and says that all this has to be a joke, to which Montresor does not respond,
prompting Fortunato to shout, "For the love of God, Montresor!"
B) When Montresor has placed the final brick, Fortunato begins to laugh crazily, thinking that all
of this must be a joke, and his cry "For the love of God, Montresor! is what Montresor last
hears from him.
C) "For the Icve of God, Montresor!" is what Fortunato cries out as soon as the final brick has
been put in place, and then he starts laughing insanely and claims that this all has to be a
joke.

11
 Choose the correct answer according to the passage.

1. The passage makes it clear that the murder of Fortunate by Montresor

A) is the result of a sudden impulse

B) has been well-planned in advance
C) results from a dispute over a cask of amontillado
D) is caused by Fortunato's rudeness during the carnival
E) has been deserved on the part of Fortunate

2. It is obvious from the passage that Fortunato

A) has no idea what is going to happen to him until the very end
B) suspects that there will be no amontillado at the end of the tunnel
C) believes that Montresor's joke is quite funny
D) is very concerned about the damp tunnel's effect on his cough
E) eventually manages to escape from the catacombs

3. As the passage implies, Montresor feels compelled to take revenge because

A) of being fed up with Fortunato's fancying himself a wine expert

B) Fortunato would do the same were he in Montresor's position
C) it is a family tradition to chain people up in the small room
D) of the honor code that exists within the Montresor family
E) he is disgusted by Fortunato's drunken boasting

12
4. CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW
Fill in the blanks in the passages below with the correct choice.

"SO, WHAT SHALL WE GO SEE TONIGHT?": FILM GENRES

"I GOT MY HONOR AND I GOT MY GUN": "GODFATHERS AND GOONS":

THE WESTERN CRIME AND GANGSTER FILMS
The prototypical film genre, the Western is Crime and gangster films are developed
devoted to telling romanticized tales of the around the actions of such people as bank
American West. The fundamental plots of robbers, Mafia men and ruthless gangsters,
Westerns are simple. Life is reduced to its (6) of them stealing and murdering
elements: no computers, no cellphones, no their way through life. Films in this genre
cars, no electricity; in fact, no twenty-first often highlight the life and career of a crime
century technology and (1) no "modern figure, detailing his rise and fall through his
life." The high technology of the era - such as power struggles and conflicts with law-and-
the telegraph, the printing press and the order figures or rival gangs. (7) films
railroad - does sometimes appear, but tend to be set in large, crowded cities and
primarily in order to symbolize the fact that provide a window onto the secret world of the
this idealized frontier lifestyle is transitory, criminal. The gangsters (8) are usually
soon to give way to "civilization", (2) materialistic, street-smart, violent and self-
advent is generally portrayed as regrettable. destructive. They rise to power in a tough
Using the simple elements (3) above, cruel manner, showing an ambitious desire
the Western tells a simple morality tale set (4) for success and recognition, but underneath
the spectacular scenery of the they can also express sensitivity and
American West. The Western portrays a gentleness. (9) Westerns, gangster
society in which individuals have no social films are basically morality tales: they are
order (5) the family or the town, or success stories turned upside-down, with the
sometimes just themselves, and hence - in criminals living in a dream world of their own,
order to survive"- they must live by a certain destined for eventual failure and inevitable
self-imposed code of honor, which is death. (10) , as the stories are told from
sometimes violent and sometimes generous, their point of view, they usually end up being
but always individually chosen. seen as sympathetic characters.
1.
A) in order for B) so that 6.
C) therefore D) because A) all B) every
E) however C) either D) both
E) much
2.
A) that B) where 7.
C) who D) whose A) Like B) Such
E) when C) As D) So
E) Just
3.
8.
A) recommended B) scheduled A) them B) they
C) ordered D) proposed C) theirs D) their
E) outlined E) themselves
4. 9.
A) out of B) amidst A) Such B) As
C) towards D) along C)So . D).Such as
E) about E) Like
5. 10.
A) so large that B) the largest A) For fear that B) Because
C) larger than D) large enough C) Nonetheless D) Despite the fact
E) such a large E) As well
"GOOD GUYS AND BAD GUYS": ACTION "LET'S GO SOLVE US A CRIME, PAL":
FILMS "BUDDY COP" FILMS

Action movies usually (11) a fairly
straightforward story of good guys versus bad
guys in which most disputes are resolved by
using physical force. The basic plot of an
action movie is usually so simple that the
whole movie (12) in a simple sentence.
(e.g., "A scientist brings dinosaurs back to life
only to find them trying to dominate the Earth,
again," for the film Jurassic Park.) (13)
exactly the good guys are differs from film to
film, but in Hollywood films they are usually
patriotic and rather conservative Americans,
(14) the bad guys are usually either
criminals or agents of foreign powers. In the
1980s and before, the bad guys were very
often Communists. Since the fall of
Communism, Communists are no longer the
villains, and so the focus has turned to
America's newest scapegoats: drug lords and
Middle Eastern terrorists. Action movies also
tend to have a single heroic protagonist and
often portray institutions such as the military
or police as limited by rules and regulations
(15) ..: the protagonist has no regard.
11.
A) infect B) reduce
C) capture D) involve
E) consume
12.
A) can be summarized
B) was being summarized
C) has been summarizing
D) is summarizing
E) should have summarized
The so-called "Buddy Cop" genre of films are
action films (16) plots involving two
men of very different and conflicting
personalities who are forced to work together
(17) a crime and/or defeat criminals.
Many consider the 1982 film 48 Hours,
starring Eddie Murphy and Nick Nolte, to
have started the genre. In that film, a white
cop teams up with a black convict to try to
catch a murderer. Frequently, the two heroes
in Buddy Cop-films are of different ethnicities
or cultures. (18) the two men do have
a similar ethnic background, one of them is
often "wilder" than the other: a hot-tempered
rebel paired with a more even-tempered
partner. Another frequent plot device of this
genre is to have one of the men be removed
from his natural element, usually by being
forced to operate in a different country. When
this is done, the other man acts as a guide to
the unfamiliar (19) As evidenced by
48 Hours, a Buddy Cop film (20)
always involve two policemen. Films that do
not specifically involve two cops, but
otherwise have many of the characteristics of
a Buddy Cop film, are sometimes considered
to be members of an even larger genre of
"Buddy" films.
16.
A) for B) from
C) into D) with
E) among
17.
A) solving B) to be solved
C) to solve D) solved
E) having solved

13. 18.
A) When B) Who A) That B) If only
C) Why D) That C) Whether D) Even if
E) How E) However

14. 19.
A) yet B) whereas A) another B) such
C)as though D) despite C)one D) them
E) in order that E) someone

15. 20.
A) what else B) for which A) needn't B) can't
C) from whom D) wherever C) ought not to D) could not
E) anything E) doesn't need
"CHICK FLICKS": ROMANTIC COMEDIES
The basic plot of a romantic comedy, which
can be considered as a sub-genre of comedy
films (21) as of romance films, is that
two people meet each other, but do not
become romantically involved (22)
some internal factor (e.g.., on the surface they
do not like each other) or an external barrier
(e.g., one is romantically involved with
another person). At some point, after various
comic scenes, they are parted for some
reason. One partner then realizes that they
are perfect for each other, and eventually they
meet again, often after some spectacular
effort and/or an incredible coincidence. They
then proceed to declare undying love for each
other, and finally disappear off into the sunset
together. Of course, there are innumerable
variations on this basic plotline, and it is not
(23) essential for the two lead
characters to end up in (24) arms. The
basic format of a romantic comedy predates
the cinema by centuries. For instance, (25)
of William Shakespeare's plays, such
as Much Ado About Nothing, fall squarely
within the bounds of the romantic comedy.
"ZOMBIES, THE SUPERNATURAL, AND
OCEANS OF BLOOD": HORROR FILMS
In the late 1960s and 1970s, a public
fascination with the supernatural was fed by
serious, often bloody horror movies. Roman
Polanski's Rosemary's Baby (1968) was a
critical and popular success and (26)
the groundwork for the important horror film
The Exorcist (1973). These films had
production values equal to those of (27)
serious film of the time. Similar to
these was George Romero's groundbreaking
1968 film, Night of the Living Dead, which
introduced the modern zombie drama. (28)
later, in 1978, the slasher genre was
created with John Carpenter's excellent
shocker film Halloween, which introduced the
teens-threatened-by-superhuman-evil theme,
with its imitators in the 1980s becoming
increasingly bloody and poorly made.
Following this, in the 1990s-with (29)
left to go in the realm of explicit violence -
horror films turned to self-mocking irony and
outright parody, as exemplified by Wes
Craven's Scream, (30) menaced teens
often make reference to horror film history
and mix ironic humor with the shocks.

21.
A) the same B) also 26.
C)that D) similar A) lay B) laid
E) as well C) lied D) led
E) leaned
22.
A) accordingly B) however 27.
C) because of D) in spite of A) any B) several
E) so that C) some D) all
E) many
23.
A) how B) what 28.
C) even D) already A) Too much B) Whenever
E) any C) So many D) Somewhat
E) Quite
24.
A) one another B) their own 29.
C) themselves D) their A) anything B) wherever
E) each other's C) nowhere D) someone
E) whomever
25.
A) one B) every 30.
C) much D) many A) whose B) which
E) either C) what D) that
E) whom '

15
 5. LEARN THESE
PHRASAL VERBS

Complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs below. Pay attention to the verb
form.
1. run up begin to owe a sum of money; cause or allow a sum of money that is
owed to grow larger
2. turn out be found or know; prove
3. cry out scream or shout because you are frightened, hurt, etc.
4. wrap up conclude; finish work on
5. hold out stretch forth; extend
6. sign up for sth enlist, as in an organization or group; register or subscribe
7. knock off stop doing something; quit; finish
8. get to make an impression on; affect
9. catch on grasp mentally; understand
10. fall through come to nothing; fail of realization

1. After we the meeting, why don't we all go to the pub downstairs for a
drink and relax a little?
2. Having lost her mother to breast cancer, Amanda the fundraiser since it
was raising money to find a cure for that disease.
3. Katie when the man jumped out from behind the bushes and grabbed
her.
4. Her tragic story of betrayal and desperation me so much that I wasn't
able to hold back the tears as she was telling it to me.
5. Just as they were about to sign the papers for their new house, the deal
and they had to start the search process all over again.
6. Andrew a $40,000 debt within four hours of arriving in Las Vegas, since
he bet $1000 per poker hand.
7. As Michelle reached the top of the plateau, she her hand for James so
she could assist him in the final steps to the top.
8. I'm going to buying pirated VCDs because this is the third one that I've
bought this week which is unwatchable.
9. Unfortunately, Gamze wasn't able to to the deception until it was too
late and by then she had already been duped.
10.Now it that he had a plan to leave all along; he was just lying to you
about staying in order to get what he wanted before he left.

Replace the italicized phrasal verb with a verb from the list. Pay attention to the
verb form.
affect finish understand
enlist extend scream
1. When Murat asked Dilek to hold out ( .) her hand, he surprised her
by slipping an engagement ring on her finger and asking her to marry him.
2. I'm going to knock off ( ) early today and go home since I worked
more hours than necessary last weekend.
3. When Patrick signed up ( ) for the army, he had no idea of how hard
boot camp was going to be and he ended up regretting his decision.
4. The plight of the million Bangladeshi people made homeless by the recent flood has
got to ( ) so few people that we can expect them to continue to suffer
on their own.
5. Paul cried out ( ) when a taxi ran over his foot while he was waiting
at the side of the road.
6. The people of America still haven't caught on ( ) that the resistance
in Iraq is popular and has emerged from their army's oppressive behaviour and that it is
not simply composed of resentful former members of Saddam Hussein's regime.

16
 Complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs below. Pay attention to the verb
form.
1.break in begin to wear or use in order to make comfortable
2. call upon appeal to
3. fall for be deceived by
4. mark down reduce the price of
5. lay back relax
6. get into arrive at
7. shoot down disparage, reject, or expose as false or inadequate; debunk
8. pull down destroy a building intentionally
9. pass away die
10

1. Since fall was approaching and the weather was turning cold, the department store
drastically all of the remaining bathing suits for quick sale.
2. My plane should the Chicago airport at 7:30, but I expect that it will be
delayed, since it usually is whenever I fly out of New York.
3. When Simone's grandmother she inherited her entire estate, including
the family chateau in France and the summer house in Monte Carlo.
4. Elizabeth was so naive and gullible that she Tony's lies and never
realized that he was just using her for her money.
5. Colin was feeling very discouraged after his parents his dream of
becoming an artist, even though he had been accepted into one of the most prestigious
art schools in the world.
6. The President the poor, mostly Black, men living in the inner cities to
join the army so that they could go and lay down their lives for the country's oil
interests. .
7. My dog for another eight years after her operation, even though the vet
said she probably wouldn't do so for more than a year.
8. Fatma started to her new school shoes during the summer so they
wouldn't hurt her feet so much by the time school started.
9. After the flooding in Alibeyköy, the municipality of Eyüp has begun to
the most water-damaged apartment blocks.
10. I am looking forward to my holiday in the Bahamas, where I am going to do nothing but
and sunbathe on the beach while drinking cocktails.

Replace the italicized phrasal verb with a verb from the list. Pay attention to the
verb form.

appeal to relax survive

die arrive at reduce

This torrential rain has created a terrible traffic jam, so I've no idea when I'll actually get
into ( ) the office.
The therapist instructed him to lay back ( ) on the couch and tell her
what had been bothering him lately.
Although all forms of racial discrimination have been outlawed in Western countries, the
evil of racism lives on ( • ) in the hearts of many of their citizens.
The best time to take a Mediterranean holiday is in the autumn when it is no longer so
hot and alt the hotel prices are marked down ( ).
5. After she lost everything when her house was destroyed, she called upon
( ) her friends to help her in anyway that they could.
6. Rose was surrounded by her family as she passed away ( )
peacefully after her long struggle with cancer.

17
 EXAMPLES FROM ÖYS/YDS
1. Did she tell you why the meeting on A) I don't expect so.
road safety was cancelled? B) Yes, that's right!
C) No, he is fond of her.
A) Yol onarımı ile ilgili görüşmelerin D) Yes, he would have.
neden kesildiğini sana açıkladı mı? E) I suppose he was.
B) Karayolu yapımını öngören kararın (ÖYS 7989)
hangi nedenlerle ertelendiğini sana
iletmiş miydi?
C) Yol güvenliğinin sağlanması için 5. James was disappointed when they
yapılacak toplantıdan sana söz etmiş didn't win, and was I.
miydi?
D) Karayolu güvenliği ile ilgili toplantının A) neither B) too
neden iptal edildiğini sana söyledi mi? C) either D) also
E) İptal edilen toplantının, karayolu E)so
güvenliğini ilgilendirdiğini sana niçin (ÖYS 7989)
söyledi?
(ÖYS 1988)
6. "Yes, I think so." ifadesi aşağıdaki
sorulardan hangisine cevap olabilir?
2. The captain asked me whether it was
my first journey by ship. A) Will Jane's husband be there, too?
B) What made him say that?
A) Kaptan bana bunun, gemiyle yaptığım C) She won't be late, will she?
ilk seyahatim olup olmadığını sordu. D) If it isn't Mary's bicycle, whose is it?
B) Kaptan, gemi ile yaptığım ilk E) Why is Mark looking so worried?
seyahatimin nasıl olduğunu sordu. (ÖYS 7990)
C) Kaptan bana, gemi ile ilk kez ne
zaman seyahat ettiğimi sordu. 7. The teacher told us the road when
D) Gemi ile ilk kez seyahat ettiğimi the lights were red.
kaptana ilettim.
E) Gemi ile yaptığım bu ilk seyahatimin A) not to have crossed
nasıl geçtiğini kaptana anlattım. B) not to cross
(ÖYS 1989) C) not having crossed
D) crossing
E) having to cross
3. Surely the children were told (ÖYS 7997)
near the lake.
8. Jack: Are we on the right road?
A) not to play Jill:
B) to have played Jack: What do you mean? Aren't you
C) playing sure?
D) to have to play Jill: Well, I've only been along this
E) to have been playing road once before.
(ÖYS 7989)
A) I'm afraid so.
B) We certainly are.
4. "He won't be bringing his wife with C) I think so.
him, will he?" D) Yes, that's right.
sorusunun cevabı aşağıdakilerden E) You should know.
(ÖYS 7997)
hangisi olabilir?

18
9. Jane called to say she would come but 14. I can't remember how many people
might be half an hour late. wanted to be in the play, ?
A) Jane yarım saat önce telefon etti ve
geç kalacağını bildirdi. A) did you B) do they
B) Jane, geç gelebileceğini bildirmek için C) can you D) can't I
aradığında yarım saat gecikmişti bile. E) didn't they
C) Jane, yarım saat geç gelip
gelemeyeceğini sormak için telefon (YDS 1999)
etti.
D) Jane, geleceğini, fakat yarım saat 15. My mother keeps complaining that she
gecikebileceğini söylemek için telefon doesn't feel well; and I don't
etti.
E) Jane, yarım saat sonra geleceğini
söylemek için aradı. A) as well B) neither
(ÖYS 1991) C) also D) too
E) either
10. The professor asked me (YDS 7999)

A) why no objection has been shown to 16. This is the first time you have ever
anybody leaving early
B) if the results obtained from the study driven a car ?
are significant
C) that I can pass onto the next item on A) is this B) hasn't it
the agenda
C) isn't it D) have you
D) whether I am awarded a prize for my
new discovery E) aren't you
E) to help the newly recruited research (YDS 2000)
assistant with the experiment
(ÖYS 1992)
17. I suppose we can take a walk in the
garden for a while after the meal ?
11. Most of the spectators seemed to
enjoy the match, A) don't we B) won't I
A) and neither did I C) can't we D) can we
B) so I haven't E) do I
C) if I do too (YDS 2007)
D) but I didn't
E) as I am doing
(ÖYS 1996) 18. He hasn't written to me, and I don't
think he's written to any of his other
friends,
12. Though I had given him some good
advice on how to act, he didn't listen to
me ? A) either B) too
C) as well D) neither
A) did he B) had he E) also
C) had I D) hadn't I
E) didn't he (YDS 2001)
(ÖYS 1997)
19. This will be the first time that Tarkan is
13. She said she would apply for the
scholarship after she had completed giving a concert in the US ?
the teacher training course ?
A) won't it B) won't he
A) would she B) didn't she C) is he D) isn't it
C) hadn't she D) wasn't she
E) did she E) will it
(ÖYS 1998) (YDS 2002)

19
 TEST YOURSELF 1
6. I told them the news abruptly as
I feared that he

A) not to break/might faint

I'm afraid I won't be able to stay till the B) not break/could have fainted
end of the meeting. I will have enough C) don't break/could faint
time to hear the manager's D) didn't break/had fainted
commencement speech and the E) not breaking/fainted
discussions on the first few items
7. We should let Mum and Dad know that
we are going to be late, or they'll be
A) either B)too very worried, ?
C) already D)yet
E) though
A) should they B) don't we
.C) won't they D) aren't they
2. Margaret will never tell us the actual
E) are we
reason why she's broken up with Peter,
she?
8. Upon arriving at his firm in the
A) will B) hasn't morning, the lawyer by his
C)is D) has secretary that his first appointment of
E) won't the day for him in his office
already.
3. When I asked Linda about the report,
she said she it yet but so A) is informed/had waited
by lunchtime. B) had been informed/would be waiting
C) has been informed/waited
A) didn't finish/will have done D) would be informed/has waited
B) wasn't finishing/has done E) was informed/was waiting
C) hadn't finished/would have done
D) hasn't finished/would be doing 9. Due to the cut in pay I to
E) wouldn't finish/had done accept, Ryan suggested that I
into a cheaper and smaller apartment
4. The manager wanted to know what I to cut my monthly spending.
about the regulation that
into practice a few days before. A) have forced/moved
B) have been forced/will move •
A) was thinking/had put C) had forced/should move
B) have thought/would be put D) had been forced/move
C) had thought/has been put E) will be forced/had moved
D) thought/had been put
E) will have thought/is put
10. When I asked my sister on the phone
whether she to visit me this
5. When Marco me to his girlfriend,
winter, she said that it on how
I somehow got the feeling that I
her somewhere before. much the ticket cost.

A) was introduced/must have seen A) had been coming/will depend

B) was introducing/had seen B) would be coming/would depend
C) has introduced/saw C) will have come/should depend
D) had introduced/may see D) had come/depended
E) introduced/have seen E) will be coming/has depended

20
11. Before I resigned from my last job, my 16. Let's go somewhere at the weekend
supervisor said she me a higher away from the city where we can relax,
7
salary as well as additional vacation
time if I staying.
A)can we B) should we
C) do we D) can't we
A) must offer/was considering E) shall we
B) had offered/would be considering
C) had been offering/had considered 17. We don't have any of those cookies
D) will offer/am considering from Holland left ?
E) could offer/considered
A) do we B) is it
12. As she handed out the tests, the C) have we D) does it
teacher instructed us them until E) are we
she had set the timer and given us 18. I was really upset when I heard what
permission to begin. they had said about us, and

A) not to start A) they weren't either

B) don't start B) neither did my brother
C) didn't start C) so was my mother
D) wouldn't start D) we didn't either
E) not start E) they had, too

19. Al: Is Lesley coming to the cinema

13. The contractor has assured me that he with us tomorrow?
the kitchen renovation, Bob: , but let's phone her to be
including the wiring, by the end of the sure.
month.
A) I am too
A) had been completing B) She is too
B) has completed C) I don't think so
D) So she is
C) will have completed
E) Nor will she
D) completed
E) would have completed 20. May: Sarah's counting the days until
our summer vacation because
14. The children their mother if they she's really fed up with the heavy
..., extra chores around the house work load we have in the office.
in order to earn more allowance money Bill: I'll be glad when this year
each week. is over.

A) But I don't
A) told/should do B) So am I
B) asked/could do C) I expect she was
C) said/could be doing D) Neither do I
D) talked/did E) Nor is she
E) wondered/would do
21. The manager told the waiter
15. You had the dress you were wearing with the girls at the counter and
last night specially made for you, attention to the other customers who
were waiting to place their orders.

A) don't flirt/pay
A) did you B) wasn't it. B) not to flirt/to pay
C) weren't you D) didn't you C) shouldn't flirt/pay
E) was it D) didn't flirt/paid
E) not flirting/be paying
22. Pat: Is Mrs. Fleming going to cancel 28. The Presleys are simply incredible -
class tomorrow? they're both disarmingly kind and
Gill: It would be great if I could forthright at the same time ?
sleep in tomorrow morning.
A) don't they B) won't they
A) I expect not C) does it D) don't you
B) Nor does it
E) aren't they
C) So is she
D) So I have
E) I hope so 29. If you buy such a cheap washing
machine, you can't expect it to be a
23. Tom: The bus won't wait for us for a particularly good model ?
couple minutes ?
Tim: They usually run on a A) don't you B) isn't it
pretty tight schedule. C) can you D) does it
E) can it
A) will we/So they will
B) don't you/I hope so 30. Orhan Pamuk's 2001 novel, My Name
C) is it/Neither will they
is Red, won him an enthusiastic
D) will it/I don't expect so
E) won't it/I'm afraid so American audience ?

24. This used to be the place where the A) doesn't he B) won't it

Town Hall was situated before the C) mustn't it D) didn't it
earthquake ? E) did he

A) didn't it B) did there 31. Pam: You must have been frustrated
C) wasn't it D) was this when you noticed, just as you
E) was there were getting into the car, that
one of the tyres was flat.
25. The end of the match was so exciting
Jill: , indeed, as at that time I
that my husband could hardly bear to
watch . was hurrying to get to work.

A) but I couldn't A) i was

B) and so was I B) Nor must I
C) and neither could I C) So was I
D) but I could too D) I did
E) and it was too E) Neither did I
26. I'm sure he'd be really upset if we 32. Phyllis has a bored look on her face.
didn't offer our help ? She doesn't look as if she really wants
to be here ?
A) didn't he B) wouldn't he
'C) don't we D) did we
E) won't he A) hasn't she B) doesn't she
C) has she D) is she
27. The information she gave in her CV E) does she
made it seem as though she would be
more competent than she actually is, 33. If I don't use all the ingredients
according to the recipe, the dish
probably won't taste good ?
A) didn't it B) isn't she
C) does it D) is she A) does it B) will it
E) didn't she
C)do I D) don't
E) shall I
34. There simply isn't enough money in 41. Sue: Do you know any place where I
our budget to allow for that expensive can buy organic produce?
car, we play with the numbers. Dick: No. But let me know if you find
one because I am looking for one
A) whichever B) whatever
C) whomever D) however
E) wherever
A) too B) just
35. Hiring professional caterers to do the C) either D) so
reception will give us time to make the E)yet
other arrangements ?
42. Since she settled in New York three
A) won't we B) won't it years ago, Ash has not come back to
C) will it D) doesn't it Turkey. She has kept in touch with us
E) do we by telephone
36. I couldn't believe damage had
been done until I'd actually seen it for A) yet B)too
myself. C) though D) either
E) neither
A) how much B) how long
C) which D) where 43. I knew that the sofa would probably be
E) whom expensive, but I wasn't prepared to
hear such an unreasonable price when
37. I can't get any time off work this week,
I asked the salesperson it cost.
and it does not seem that I'll be able to
do so next week
A) how B) how far
A) though B)too C) however D) how long
C)yet D) already E) how much
E) either
44 the dog had never been violent
38. The book imagines could have before the provoked attack made no
happened if the South had won the difference to the judge, because he
American Civil War and different
America would be today as a result. still ruled that the dog should be put to
sleep.
A) when/what
B) what/how A) Whom B) Where
C) the fact that/why C)lf D) The fact that
D) which/when E) Which
E) how/how much
45. Some people show obvious slowing of
39. Mervin is such a nice person that I'm mental processes at around the age of
sure he'll get on well with is
appointed to work with him. 50; others are still quite sharp at over
70
A) whenever B) however
C) whomever D) whoever A) too B) either
E) wherever C) though D) neither
E)but
40. The room where we had the meeting
was too small for so many people, and 46. That was the first time you two had
it was not very well ventilated met ?
A) neither B) though
C)too D) either A) had you B) was that
E) both C) wasn't it D) were you
E) hadn't it
47. I can't remember exactly what day it A) I don't think so.
was that we placed the order, ? B) No, they aren't:
C) I'm afraid no.
A) can't I B) were you D) Yes, that's right.
C) wasn't I D) can you E) I believe so.
E) was it
54. Glen: Is Michael looking for another
48. I expect everyone would like a cold flat?
drink after such a vigorous game ? Peter: He has to evacuate his
present one by the end of the
A) wouldn't they B) will they month.
C) don't they D) would I
E) do l A) Neither is he.
B) I don't suppose so.
49. The trip was not very well-organized, C) I hope not.
yet everyone seemed to be having a D) So is he.
good time ? E) It seems so.

A) didn't they B) were they 55. Nobody told you beforehand how
C) wasn't it D) did it much the trip would cost, ...?
E) was it
A) did they B) would they
50. Everyone has ordered some baklava, C) wouldn't it D) didn't it
, because I'm trying to lose E) didn't you
weight.

A) and so am I
B) but I haven't
C) and I have too
D) and I haven't either
E) but I am 56 , exercise keeps off the three
hallmarks of physical aging - loss of
51. Susan: Are we going to have to wait muscle tissue, weakening bones and
outside here in the cold? increase in body fat.
Oliver: Nobody is going to be
allowed in until all of the A) According to the article I've just read
audience from the earlier B) Every doctor that I have talked to so
performance has left the far
building. C) If people were to listen to their doctors
A) I don't think so. D) Whether you are motivated to lose
B) Are they really? weight
C) I'm afraid so. E) Owing to my extensive personal
D) So are they. experience
E) Nor will they
57. My grandmother, who lived through
52. There aren't many people who seem some very difficult times
disturbed enough to do anything
serious about the destruction of the A) led quite an easy life with no financial
environment, ? problems to worry about
B) always used to find something good in
A) don't they B) do there every negative situation
C) are they D) are there C) all had the most positive influence
E) aren't they
upon her life
53. Phil: Are the Simpsons back from their D) is expected to gain a lot of experience
trip? in life
Greg: There was a light on in their E) has nevertheless developed a
flat as I walked past. pessimistic outlook on life

58. Health authorities have warned people
A) why the air is so polluted and is getting
worse with each day
B) the fact that these are all substances
harmful to humans
C) whether the air will clear or not is
difficult to predict
D) when there are too many humans
inhabiting a relatively small planet
E) to stay inside until the heavy smog has
dispersed
59 , I never realized that Disney
movies almost always include
something about a father or mother
getting killed.
A) My father didn't believe
B) Her mother failed to understand
C) Until my friend pointed it out
D) Before he has agreed to listen to me
E) Since she didn't watch it
60. The teacher always requires her
students
A) to write in their journals for the first ten
minutes of every class
B) because they have to practise their
creative writing skills every day
C) whether they like to write or not, all
students must fulfill the requirements
D) that you should check your child's
homework on a daily basis
E) if you could monitor what each of the
students is writing in their journals
61 , but everybody thought he had
other reasons for his sudden
departure.
A) Michael's stomach problems have
been easing up recently
B) Apparently George feels out of place
at the party
C) It's obvious that Sam has been unable
to mingle with the others
D) Jeremy said he was leaving because
he had a headache
E) It was always Stan who started a
conversation with strangers
Ill
62. I really can't understand
A) the fact that people started hunting
before it was the correct season
B) how anyone can harm an innocent
animal just for their own wicked
pleasure
C) whether he speaks in his native Italian
or in English
D) why are the after-school programs so
expensive
E) the look on his face when he heard
that he was going to a boarding school
63 when they woke up and saw the
multitude of presents underneath the
tree on Christmas morning.
A) I don't think I can ever imagine
B) Seeing the expressions on their faces
C) The children couldn't believe their eyes
D) It's a tradition to buy children presents
E) They haven't been expecting such a
surprise
64 so it's a miracle that Mary walked
away without even a scratch, isn't it?
A) Fortunately, the vehicle did not burst
into flames afterwards
B) What caused the blast will probably
never be known for certain
C) It was thanks to the fact that she was
wearing her seatbelt at the time
D) The car was crushed like a tin can
when it collided with the truck
E) Following the accident, the court found
both sides to be at fault
65 how much she had spent on the
designer dress as she was sure they'd
criticize her.
A) Her friends underestimated
B) She decided to go to a reputable
dressmaker
C) Her parents did not approve
D) Even her sisters didn't support her
E) She didn't want anyone to know

66. They were being very secretive about
what had happened at yesterday's
meeting.
A) They told everyone that whatever had
happened at the previous meeting was
going to be kept secret.
B) They wouldn't give out anything about
the things that occurred at the meeting
the previous day.
C) Whatever happened at yesterday's
meeting, it's obvious that they won't let
it be known by others.
D) The contents of the meeting held the
previous day were confidential, so they
refused to talk about them.
E) Since yesterday's meeting was
supposed to be held secretly, no one
is allowed to reveal anything about it.
67. I didn't interrupt you in the middle of
an important discussion by asking
your opinion about my new hairstyle,
did I?
A) I hope you weren't talking about
anything important when I asked you
how ! looked with my new hairstyle.
B) I wish I had realized that you were
discussing something important; then I
wouldn't have interrupted you by
asking your opinion about my new
hairstyle.
C) I wonder if you could stop your
discussion just for one moment and
tell me what you think of my new
hairstyle.
D) Why didn't you tell me that you were
talking about something important
when I came to you and asked about
my new hairstyle?.
E) If you didn't want your discussion to be
interrupted, why didn't you tell me so
when I came to ask you about my new
hairstyle?
68. It's unfair that such a well-qualified
person as you are could not find a
better-paid job.
A) Sometimes people with good
qualifications get low-paid jobs, which
isn't fair.
B) I don't approve of paying well-qualified
people a low salary.
C) If you had better qualifications, you
could probably find a better-paid job.
D) A person as well-qualified as you are
does not deserve to have such a low-
paid job.
E) Considering the qualifications required
for this job, what you earn is not
justified.
69. Jim told me that last year, the
company celebrated their tenth
anniversary with an elaborate dinner
party that was held in an old castle.
A) On their tenth anniversary last year,
Jim's company hosted a large party to
raise money for the restoration of an
ancient castle.
B) Jim says that since last year, his
company has been preparing for an
elaborate banquet in an old castle to
celebrate their tenth anniversary.
C) The company where Jim works held
an elaborate party in an old castle last
year to celebrate their tenth
anniversary.
D) Last year, according jo Jim, there was
an elaborate banquet which took place
in an old castle in honor of the
company's tenth anniversary.
E) According to Jim, the ancient castle
provides a wonderful place to arrange
any special occasion, such as the
party his company held there on their
tenth anniversary.
70. My doctor explained that burnout, a
disabling exhaustion, is associated
with prolonged working hours under
stressful conditions.
A) According to my doctor, burnout is
associated with the stress of going for
long hours without sleep.
B) While struggling with problems, one
often experiences extreme burnout,
which doctors say can only be helped
with rest and freedom from stress.
C) Working long hours in a stressful
environment has been linked to
burnout, an extreme exhaustion,
according to what my doctor said.
D) Burnout from stress is a very common
ailment among people who work long,
stressful hours and results in utter
exhaustion.
E) My doctor worries that too many
people are working too hard and
suffering from burnout, which causes
one to become extremely fatigued.
71. Even though she doesn't have to work
for a living, Stella does because she
grew up with a work ethic in a family
that worked every day.
A) Stella grew up in a family of
workaholics, so she is also a
workaholic and she works long hours
even though she has plenty of money
to live on.
B) Stella works very hard for herself and
her family because she wants to be
wealthy one day so that she won't
have to work any more.
C) Because Stella grew up in a family that
worked every day, they made enough
money for her to live her life without
ever having to work.
D) Since her family made their money in
not so ethical ways, Stella continues to
work to support herself because she
doesn't want to use her family's
money.
E) Stella has enough money to live on,
yet she continues to work, since her
family, by working regularly, instilled a
work ethic in her.
72. Body language can often communicate
messages to people around you just
based on now you stand or employ
your hands, without using any words.
A) Without your knowledge, you can tell
people things based solely on how you
point at them or in which direction you
face when standing.
B) With no speaking at all, it is usually
possible to convey messages to those
around you simply in the manner in
which you stand or use your hands.
C) You should be careful what messages
your body language sends out since it
might be taken differently by the
people around you.
D) You can use your hands and stance to
send secret messages to the people
around you.
E) People who can't speak often rely on
hand gestures and other body
language to communicate with the
people standing around them.
73. During competition, figure skaters are
awarded points based on how well
they execute the maneuvers as well as
on artistic merit.
A) In competitive figure skating, skaters
earn points in the areas of how they
perform both technically and
artistically.
B) In figure skating, judges award more
points to the skaters whose technical
skills are better than their artistic
merits.
C) If you are a figure skater in a
competition, you should make sure
that you do many difficult maneuvers
s in order to win the highest points.
D) Figure skating is a very artistic sport,
but it also involves a lot of skill and
endurance during long competitions.
E) Even if you perform a very artistic
figure skating program, you won't win
enough points if it doesn't have
enough difficult moves.
 74. According to what I've heard from the
weather report, the outlook for the
whole week is sunshine.
A) It is predicted by the weather
forecaster that it will get sunnier
towards the end of the week.
B) The outlook for the week is that this
sunny weather will continue all through
the week.
C) According to the weather report, it will
become sunny sometime during the
week.
D) I've listened to the weather forecast,
and it says it will be sunny throughout
the week.
E) I heard the weatherman saying that it
would finally turn sunny towards the
end of the week.
75. Henderson, Nevada, has become a
suburb of Las Vegas, but during World
War II it was where the army had a
large magnesium plant.
A) Of all the residential districts located
on the outskirts of Las Vegas,
Henderson, Nevada, is the most
famous/since the army had a
magnesium factory there during World
War II.
B) Henderson, Nevada, which is near Las
Vegas, is largely uninhabitable
because the army used it as a
magnesium test site during World War
II.
C) Even though it is near Las Vegas,
there is nothing of interest to see in
Henderson, Nevada, apart from some
old army buildings which were used as
a magnesium plant during World War
II.
D) Since World War II, the army has been
using Henderson, Nevada, as a base
for its magnesium factory, but the area
has also since become a residential
district of Las Vegas.
E) During World War II, the army used
Henderson, Nevada, as a base for a
huge magnesium factory, but the place
is today a residential district located on
the outskirts of Las Vegas.
76-80. sorularda, verilen Türkçe
cümlenin anlamına en yakın ingilizce
cümleyi bulunuz.
76. Profesör bugün bize, Büyük Bunalım'ın
1929'da ABD'deki Wall Street
Çöküşü'yle başlayan ve kısa sürede
tüm dünyaya yayılan büyük bir
ekonomik kriz olduğunu anlattı.
OQ
A) Today the professor told us about the
Wall Street Crash in the USA in 1929,
which eventually led to the Great
Depression, an economic crisis
affecting first the USA and then the
whole world.
B) What the professor told us today was
that the Great Depression, which was
a great economic crisis that began in
1929, with the Wall Street Crash in the
USA, went on to affect the whole
world.
C) What the professor explained to us
today was the Great Depression, the
economic crisis which began in 1929
with the Wall Street Crash in the USA
and quickly spread around the world.
D) According to what the professor told
us today, it was the Wall Street Crash
in the USA in 1929 that started the
Great Depression, which then spread
quickly all over the world.
E) Today, the professor explained to us
that the Great Depression was a great
.economic crisis which began in 1929
with the Wall Street Crash in the USA
and then quickly spread around the
world.
77. Francis Bacon, bilimin, üzerinden
genel ilkeler türetilebilecek olan
gözlemlenebilir olguların derlenmesi ve
düzenlenmesiyle ilgilenmesi gerektiğini
belirtmiştir.
A) As was stated by Francis Bacon,
science is the collection and
organization of observable facts from
which general principles can be
derived.
B) Francis Bacon established science as
the collection and organization of
observable facts from which people
could derive general principles.
C) Francis Bacon stated that science
should be concerned with the
collection and organization of
observable facts from which general
principles could be derived.
D) Francis Bacon, who stated that
science should be about the collection
and organization of observable facts,
derived general principles from these
facts.
E) Francis Bacon argued that science
could only be established by collecting
observable facts from which one could
derive general principles.
78. Genel olarak konferansta konuşmacılar,
çoğu insanın geçim kaynağı olarak
hâlâ çiftçiliğe bağımlı olduğu ülkelerden
"gelişmekte olan ülkeler" diye söz etti.
A) In those countries which the speakers
at the conference referred to as the
"developing countries", most people
still depend on farming for a living.
B) The speakers at the conference
emphasized that it is predominantly in
the "developing countries" that most
people are still dependent on farming
for a living.
C) The countries referred to as
"developing countries" by most of the
speakers at the conference are the
ones where most people still depend
on farming for a living.
D) The speakers at the conference
commonly referred to those countries
where most people are still dependent
on farming for a living as the
"developing countries".
E) At the conference, the speakers
commonly used the term "developing
countries" for those where people in
general are still dependent on farming
for a living.
79. Kendisine yöneltilen bir soruya yanıt
olarak, Haçlı Seferleri'nin asıl
nedeninin dini duygular değil, yayılma
arzusu olduğuna inandığını söyledi.
A) She said, in reply to a question, that
she believed that the Crusades were
actually fought out of expansionist
desires, not for religious reasons.
B) When she was asked to express her
belief regarding the actual cause of the
Crusades, she said it was not because
of religious feelings but expansionist
desires.
C) In her response to a question, she
expressed her belief that it was a
desire for expansion rather than
religious feelings that led to the
Crusades.
D) It was in her answer to her question in
which she expressed her belief that
the Crusades were fought out of
expansionist desires rather than
religious feelings.
E) As a response to a question she was
asked, she said she believed that the
actual reason for the Crusades was a
desire for expansion rather than
religious feelings.
80. Özelliği yüzünde sürekli taşıdığı donuk
ifade olan Buster Keaton, çok sevilen
bir sessiz sinema komedi oyuncusu
olduğu kadar başarılı bir yönetmendi
de.
A) Buster Keaton, who was a very
popular silent-film comedic actor and
an accomplished director, had a
trademark deadpan expression on his
face at all times.
B) Buster Keaton, who was famous for
keeping a constant deadpan
expression on his face, was both a
popular silent-film comedic actor and a
successful director.
C) Buster Keaton, who kept a deadpan
expression on his face at all times as a
kind of trademark, was not only a
popular silent-film comedic actor but
also an accomplished director.
D) Buster Keaton became very popular as
the silent-film comedic actor with a
constant deadpan expression on his
face, but he was also very successful
as a director.
E) Buster Keaton, whose trademark was
the deadpan expression which he kept
on his face at all times, was a very
popular silent-film comedic actor as
well as a successful filmmaker.
29

81. French moralist Rochefoucauld once
wrote that it was a great ability to be
able to conceal one's ability.
A) Fransız ahlakçı Rochefoucauld bir
yazısında, insanın yeteneğini
gizleyebilmesinden daha büyük bir
yetenek olamayacağını vurgulamıştı.
B) Fransız ahlakçı Rochefoucauld bir
keresinde, insanın yeteneğini
gizleyebilmesinin büyük bir yetenek
olduğunu yazmıştı.
C) Fransız ahlakçı Rochefoucauld bir
yazısında, insanın yeteneğini
gizleyebilmesinin en büyük yetenek
olduğuna inandığını ifade etmişti.
D) Fransız ahlakçı Rochefoucauld'a göre,
insanın yeteneğini gizleyebilmesi çok
büyük bir yetenekti.
E) Fransız ahlakçı Rochefoucauld bir
zamanlar, insanın yeteneğini
gizleyebilmesi için büyük bir yeteneğe
ihtiyaç duyduğunu söylemişti.
82. The public are complaining about the
fact that the government are not taking
serious measures to stabilize the
economy.
A) Hükümetin ekonomide istikrarı
sağlamak için önlem almadığı
konusunda halkın yakındığı gerçeğini
hükümet ciddiye almıyor.
B) Hükümetin, halkın şikayetlerini ciddiye
alıp ekonomiyi istikrara kavuşturmak
için bazı önlemler alması gerekir
C) Halk, istikrarlı ekonomi konusundaki
taleplerinin hükümet tarafından ciddiye
alınmadığından şikayet ediyor.
D) Halk, hükümetin ekonomide istikrarı
sağlamak için ciddi önlemler almadığı
konusunda yakınıyor.
E) Halkın şikayetlerine rağmen hükümet,
ekonomiyi istikrara kavuşturmak için
ciddi önlemler almıyor.
83. Siddhartha Gautama, also known as
the Buddha, taught that the source of
all suffering in life was selfish desire.
30
A) Asıl adı Siddhartha Gautama olan
Buda öğretisinde, hayattaki tüm
acıların kaynağı bencil arzu olarak
gösterilir.
B) Siddhartha Gautama, diğer adıyla
Buda, hayattaki tüm acıların
kaynağında bencil arzunun
bulunduğunu söylemiştir.
C) Buda olarak da bilinen Siddhartha
Gautama, hayattaki tüm acıların
kaynağının bencil arzu olduğunu
öğretmiştir.
D) Buda adıyla da bilinen Siddhartha
Gautama, hayattaki tüm acıların
kaynağında bulunan şeyin bencil arzu
olduğuna inanmıştır.
E) Siddhartha Gautama, diğer adıyla
Buda, öğretisinde, hayattaki tüm
acıların bencil arzudan kaynaklandığını
belirtmiştir.
84. He didn't really ask you whether or not
you could lend him almost half of your
salary, did he?
A) Sana gerçekten maaşının neredeyse
yarısını ona borç verip veremeyeceğini
sormadı değil mi?
B) Gerçekten sana, maaşının hemen
hemen yarısını ona borç olarak verip
veremeyeceğini sorduğundan emin
misin?
C) Sana maaşının hemen hemen yarısını
ona verip veremeyeceğini mi sordu?
D) Sana maaşının neredeyse yarısını ona
borç olarak verip veremeyeceğini
gerçekten sordu mu?
E) Maaşının neredeyse yarısını ona
ödünç verebileceğinden gerçekten
emin misin?
85. To whomever he said he would be
soon getting married, not one of them
was able to conceal their amazement.
A) Onun yakında evleneceğini
duyanlardan bir kişi bile şaşkınlığını
gizlemeyi başaramadı.
B) Yakında kiminle evleneceğini
herkesten saklamaya çalışması
duyanları çok şaşırttı.
C) Kime yakında evleneceğini söylediyse,
hepsi de çok şaşırdı.
D) Yakında evleneceğini kime söylediyse,
bir tanesi bile şaşkınlığını gizleyemedi.
E) Onun kiminle evleneceğini öğrenip de
şaşırmayan bir kişi bile yoktu.
 TEST YOURSELF 2
6. Before they considered giving me the
job, they wanted to know how many
foreign languages
A) you know B) I knew
1. Because advances in genetic, medical C) I have known D) I had known
and nutritional science are so rapid, E) you knew
we are unable to know today
people will live to in the future. 7. It is unfair so many people in
developing countries live on under one
A) how often B) which dollar a day while most people in
C) how many D) how long developed countries earn more than
that every thirty minutes.
E) who
A) that B) how much
2. On the telephone he told me that he C) what D) why
here by this time, but I E) where
see him anywhere.
When the environmentalists told us
A) is going to be/couldn't see that the world much hotter in
B) would be/can't see fifty years' time because of the amount
C) will be/shouldn't see of fossil fuels people we got
D) has been/didn't see very worried.
E) was going to be/mustn't see
A) would be/are being burnt
3. When the young man decided not to B) must have been/are burning
pay his gambling debt to the local C) has been/have been burning
Mafia boss, it was obvious that he D) was/had been burnt
didn't know he was dealing E) was going to be/were burning
with.
9. Although our son was very eager to
A) which B) that quit university, he hadn't thought about
C) where D) who he was going to do afterwards.
E) why
A) when what
4. Although the prehistoric stone circle in C) why how
England known as Stonehenge is one E) which
of the most famous landmarks in the
10. The moment the doctors told the
world, nobody is certain it was
woman who was recovering from a
originally used for. serious traffic accident that she
walk again, she started to weep for joy.
A) when B) how
C) what D) why A) will be able to
E) whose B) can
C) had to
5. As the battle had gone badly for his would be able to
platoon, with half of them being killed, is going to be able to
the captain ordered the remainder of
his troops 11. Through watching birds flew,
the German Otto Lilienthal designed a
A) were surrendering glider in the late 1800s that could fly
B) are surrendering up to 300 metres.
C) surrender
D) surrendered A) what B) which
E) to surrender C) how D) whose
E) that

31
12, Rosa Parks inspired the civil rights
movement in the US in 1955 by
refusing to move to the back of the
bus, where blacks at that time had to
sit, when she was told so.
A) would do B) to do
C)do D)done
E) doing
13. When Julia went to the police station
to report her husband John as
missing, she told them that she
her husband since he the house
on Wednesday morning.
A) wouldn't see/was leaving
B) didn't see/left
C) hadn't seen/had left
D) hasn't seen/left
E) doesn't see/leaves
14. According to Aztec legends, until their
nomadic ancestors saw the sign of an
eagle standing on a cactus on an
uninhabited island in lake Texcoco, in
the valley of Mexico, they where
they permanently.
A) don't know/have been settling
B) didn't know/were going to .settle
C) haven't known/settled
D) wouldn't know/are going to settle
E) hadn't known/have settled
15. The petrol pump attendant warned us
while he was filling up the tank,
or we off an explosion.
A) not to smoke/could set off
B) not smoke/may set off
C) didn't smoke/might set off
D) not smoking/would set off
E) don't smoke/can set off
16. This is a private matter and has
nothing to do with you, so please stop
listening to what we are talking about,
A) are you B) are we
C)can we D) have you
E) will you
17. The passengers on the bus grumbled
and swore when the driver asked them
towards the back so that he
more people into it.
A) to move/could squeeze
B) move/has squeezed
C) had moved/was to squeeze
D) moving/should squeeze
E) to be moving/can squeeze
18. Meg: The chef was furious when he
discovered that most of the cake
had been eaten by the intruder,
he?
Mel: Yes, and understandably
the manager.
A) didn't/neither did
B) had/either had
C) was/either has been
D) wasn't/so was
E) doesn't/nor does
19. I try to read something whenever I
have some time available, He
prefers to watch TV instead.
A and so has my husband
B but my husband doesn't
C and nor is my husband
D) and my husband doesn't either
E) but my husband hasn't
20. When she was told that her plane
for another four hours, she was
furious as then she in Ho Chi
Minn City until the middle of the night.
A) is going to be delayed/didn't land
B) has been delayed/wasn't landing
C) will have delayed/isn't to land
D) is delayed/doesn't have to land
E) would be delayed/wouldn't land
21. Although there was a real man in an
"iron mask" in the notorious French
prison, the Bastille, between 1698 and
1703, nobody knows for sure he
was.
A) why B) what
C) who D) which
E) whose
22. When the officers of the French army
ordered their soldiers in the
Spring of 1917, they refused, as they
were tired of being killed for
insignificant military gains.
A)advanced B) advance
C) advancing D) would advance
E) to advance
23. The tour guide said the city at the top
of the hill had been built 40 years
before the Roman invasion, ?
A) didn't she B) was it
C) had it D) wasn't she
E) didn't it
24. When the boss said to John that she 30. Next week's general elections will be
some money from the cash shown on both the local and national
drawer, he didn't know how to television stations, they?
respond.
A) will B) aren't
A) thinks you stole C) won't D) don't
B) thought you have been stealing
CJ thought he had stolen E)do
D) thought you stole
E) thinks he has stolen 31. When I on the phone that I
for the position in the company
25. Although all of the major European I had applied for, I was overjoyed.
powers belonged to one of two alliance
groupings by 1914, when World War I A) have told/have been accepted
broke put, some of the smaller B) was told/had been accepted
countries were not sure one C) will be told/accepted
they would join. D) have been telling/am accepted
A) which B) when E) had told/had accepted
C) where D) what
E) how 32. The tourists were very pleased when
they were asked to have parts
26. I asked the saleswoman in the as extras in the movie to be set in
bookshop my shopping bag Istanbul.
with her, as it would be difficult for me
to look through the books while A) if they would like
holding it. B) would you like
C) how would they like
that I left D) would they like
whether I can leave E) when you would like
that she must leave
where can she leave
if I could leave 33. The most important task for parents is
to teach their children the difference
27, It's always my father who plans our between right and wrong ?
vacations, and he doesn't listen to
anyone else wants, so, A) aren't they
unfortunately, we all have to go B) don't they
he chooses. C) don't you agree
D) can you think
A) whichever/whatever E) will they
B) however/whenever
CJ whatever/wherever
D) wherever/whichever 34. The other day outside the Grand
E) whenever/however Bazaar I was stopped by a Canadian
tourist who wanted to know .....
28. Although the remains of the ancient English.
Harappan civilization have been found
and studied in Pakistan and northern A) if I can speak
India, archaeologists and historians B) could I speak
are still uncertain as to exactly C) was I able to speak
these extraordinary people were. D) if I could speak
A) who E) can you speak
B) whose
C) when D) why
E) which 35. When salmon want to lay their eggs,
they will sometimes make extremely
29. When the airplane was going through long journeys to return to they
some turbulence, the captain told the were born.
passengers over the intercom
A) which B) how
A) don't panic B) mustn't panic C) what D) when
C) not panic D) not to panic E) where
E) didn't panic
 36. Although figures for the number of 43. Have you asked Michael he's
American soldiers killed in the current travelling to Ankara, by train or by
conflict in Iraq are published in the coach?
newspapers, nobody seems to be
interested in knowing Iraqis A) what B) which
have died. ' C) when D) how
E) whom
A) how long B) how much
C) how many D) how little 44. My mother called and asked me
E) how far her about the earthquake the other
day.
37. There won't be much trouble once we
have had Mum settle in her new flat, A) why didn't you tell
B) why I didn't tell
A)have we B) will there C) why I hadn't told
C) do we D) does she D) why hadn't you told
E) will she E) why I don't tell

38. Although human beings have probably 45. As the football match was on late last
been afraid of earthquakes for night, I didn't watch it, time to
thousands of years, it is only in the have a look at a newspaper so far, so I
twentieth century that they finally still don't know what the score is.
learnt they actually happen.
A) which I must not have had
A) what B) why B) and neither will I have
C) how far D) which C) and nor have I had
E) how long D) but I hadn't had either
E) but I can't have had
39. When you are paying for a meal in a
restaurant in a foreign country and you 46. When she went to the lost property
want to give a tip, it is difficult to know section of the multiplex cinema to ask
money to leave. about the purse she had left there, the
man in charge asked her film
A) how many B) whose to see.
C) how much D) when
E) how often A) what...did you go
40. It is a miracle that the child wasn't B) where...did she go
killed when he walked out in front of C) how...had you gone
the speeding truck, ? D) which...she had gone
E) why...was she going
A) was she B) did it
C) isn't it D) didn't she 47. I was envious of my friend when she
E) was it told me that she her vacation in
Hong Kong, a city I to see all
41. Ever since I was a child, I haven't liked my life.
cooked carrots, and
A) had spent/have wanted
A) neither does my son B) has been spending/wanted
B) my son hasn't either C) will spend/will want
C) so was my son D) is spending/must want
D) my son has too E) would have spent/want
E) my son hasn't though
48. All the equipment is being modified in
42. The homeless man, who had been the office so that it can better meet our
living on the streets for most of his needs, and the computer
life, couldn't remember he had software.
last eaten well.
A) too can B) either is
A) who B) when C) nor is D) nor can
C) which D) that E) so is
E) why

34
49. There wasn't any butter left in the
fridge when you looked, ? headquarters
A) did you B) was there
C) were you D) wasn't there
E) did there
50. Both my parents are very fond of
vegetables, my sister and I
aren't.
A) either B)so
C)but D) nor
E) as well
51-60. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
51 Just for one moment, everybody
assumed that the child had drowned,
A) ever since the beach got more and
more crowded with holiday-makers
B) as soon as both parents are out of the
sight of the crowd waiting at the beach
C) that he shouldn't have swum so far
away from the beach on his own
D) if only the coast guard was swimming
towards him much faster
E) so they all gave a sigh of relief when
he appeared above the water again
52 that we should have dressed up.
A) We were going to celebrate our 12th
anniversary with a big party
B) We somehow got the impression that it
would be a rather informal party
C) I admit that it would have been a lot
better if we had planned
D) We realized upon arriving there and
seeing eteryone in their best gowns
E) I noticed that everyone else at the
family reunion was wearing their best
clothes
53. The board still haven't announced
A) if they were to increase the production
twofold
B) who have they chosen to represent
them at the trade fair
C) why was there so much disagreement
over the issue of pay rises
D) which of the candidates have they
found to be the best qualified
E) how many employees will be sent to
the conference
54. The manager informed the
A) that stocks had run out faster than
they had expected
B) who they thought would be interested
in buying this model
C) whether the price was far too high for
people's buying power ;
D) whether or not they have sent some
more employees to help out
E) the fact that the location of the new
store will be ideal
55. Does the brochure give any \
information about ? \
A) how far is the nearest beach on foot :
B) whether alcoholic drinks are included i
in the price or not \
C) if advance reservation is necessary or ;
not j
D) that the resort has any sites of 1
historical value ;
E) how long does it take to get there from!
the town ;
56. He knew, at a young age, i
A) if only he had been a little more •
ambitious to succeed
B) he is unlike most other children since
he does not like sweets
C) how-to flatter his grandmother and get
her to do whatever he wanted
D) whenever his relatives visited them on
their farm in a remote part of the
country
E) he thought he couldn't have been
more than four at the time
1
57 when they found out that it hadi
been stolen from a museum.
A) I'd like to see the expression on their
faces ı
B) It was not the painting itself but its i
frame
C) They have had all their paintings
insured
D) They were just on the point of buying
the painting
E) That painting had come down to there
from a remote relative :
 58. Everybody feels certain from the
evidence
A) which is expected to be obtained from
where the murder was committed
B) because his lawyer has so far
collected enough of it to prove his
innocence
C) that the accused is the only person
who could have murdered the old
woman
D) since the police are trying to find out
whether he was helped in committing
the crime
E) whether he was where he said he was
at the time of the crime
59. Did you actually hear him say ?
A) how many people are they planning to
invite to their party
B) whether he has supported our group
or the other one
C) where can we find a reasonably priced
Persian rug
D) when will he be able to pay back what
he owes me
E) why he left the office in such a hurry
the other day
60. According to what I heard, he clearly
said
A) whether he was going to wait in the
cafe or in front of the cinema
B) he wouldn't take an active part in our
project but would support us
C) if she would agree to marry him after
she got to know him better
D) even if everyone had closely followed
the already established rules
E) why was he not offering his help
despite him believing in our cause
61. Although the philosopher Friedrich
Nietzsche died more than a hundred
years ago, today people still argue
over what his books actually mean.
A) Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy
provoked more arguments in the
century after his death than it actually
did before his death.
36
B) Although more than a hundred years
has passed since the death of the
philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche,
people still have no idea what his
books actually mean.
C) it has taken more (nan a century for
people to agree on the meaning of the
books written by the philosopher
Friedrich Nietzsche.
D) People still disagree as to the meaning
of the books by the philosopher
Friedrich Nietzsche even though more
than a century has passed since his
death.
E) When the philosopher Friedrich
Nietzsche died more than a hundred
years ago, people were still disputing
the meanings of his books.
62. I couldn't decide if I should go out with
a jacket or not as the weather forecast
had predicted that a very warm
afternoon would follow the cold
morning.
A) When the weather report said it was
going to be cold in the morning but
would become quite hot in the
afternoon, I wasn't sure whether to
bring my jacket with me or not.
B) Even though it was a cold morning I
thought that it would be rather hot in
the afternoon, regardless of what the
weather report said, so I chose not to
bring my jacket with me.
C) It was cold in the morning, but as the
weather report forecast a hotter
afternoon, I couldn't decide whether to
carry my jacket with me or not.
D) Although the weather forecast said
that the cool morning was going to be
followed by a warm afternoon, I
thought it would be better to bring my
jacket with me.
E) I decided not to bring my jacket with
me because, although the morning
was going to be cold, the weather
report had said it would be fairly hot in
the afternoon.
63. When the witness finally went to the
police, he was asked if he knew
anything about the murder, and he
replied that he had seen the accused
repeatedly shooting a blindfolded man.
A) At last the witness decided to talk to
the police, and in reply to one of their
questions, he said that he saw a few
men, including the accused, who were
all shooting at a blindfolded man.
B) After at last going to the police, the
witness told them, in response to their
question, that he had watched the
accused firing his gun many times into
a man whose eyes were covered.
C) The witness told the police, in
response to a question, that what he
saw at the time of the murder was a
few men, one of them the accused,
shooting repeatedly a man whose
eyes were covered.
D) After finally going to the police, the
witness told them, to answer their
question, that it must have been the
accused he saw shooting a man
whose eyes were covered.
E) The witness finally went to the police
to tell them that he had watched the
murder committed by the accused and
his accomplices, and explained in
detail how the murder was committed.
64. They asked Mary if she was going to
make a contribution to the Iraqi
refugee fund, but she looked
indifferent and walked away.
A) Mary is rather indifferent to the
suffering of Iraqi refugees, so they
shouldn't have asked her to donate
some money to the fund.
B) Even though Mary doesn't take an
interest in the plight of Iraqi refugees,
they asked her to give some money to
the fund anyway.
C) When she was asked to make a
donation for the Iraqi refugee fund,
Mary said she was going to help them
in a different way.
D) If Mary hadn't looked disinterested
when she walked off, they would have
asked her to make a donation to the
Iraqi refugee fund.
E) Although they asked Mary to make a
donation to the Iraqi refugee fund, she
walked off, appearing not to care about
it.
65. Mark must have managed to book our
hotel rooms, as we haven't heard
anything to the contrary from him.
A) I believe that Mark should have let us
know as soon as it became clear that
he wouldn't be able to book our hotel
rooms.
B) Mark hasn't phoned yet to confirm that
he has booked our hotel rooms, so he
might not have managed to do so after
all.
C) We haven't heard anything from Mark
so far about whether he has managed
to make our hotel reservations or not.
D) I wonder if Mark has been able to
book our hotel rooms, since he hasn't
informed us about the result.
E) I imagine Mark has been able to make
our hotel reservations, or he'd let us
know if it had turned out otherwise.
66. I believe that she can't have been
ignorant of the company's dirty
connections, though she strongly
denied knowing anything about them.
A) She swore she didn't know anything
about the dishonourable contacts of
the company, but I don't believe that
she has been unaware of them.
B) She denied any connection with the
company's disreputable operations so
strongly that I began to believe that
she really was unaware of what had
been happening there.
C) She should have been aware of what
was going on in the company; then
she would have known about their
dirty contacts.
D) I don't care whether she admits to it or
not, because I'm sure that she was
somehow involved in the
dishonourable connections of the
company.
E) She pretended not to know anything
about the dirty things the company had
been performing, but I knew she was
aware of what was happening there.
67. Some people believe that the
sixteenth-century physician and
astrologer, Nostradamus, knew when
he was going to die.
A) Some people think that Nostradamus,
who died in the sixteenth century, was
both a physician and an astrologer.
B) It is believed by some people that
Nostradamus, a doctor and astrologer
of the sixteenth century, understood
when people would die.
C) The sixteenth-century doctor and
astrologer Nostradamus knew the date
of his death in advance, according to
the opinions of some people.
D) Nostradamus, a doctor and astrologer
from the sixteenth century, believed
that some people know the time at
which they will die.
E) Some people think that they know
where Nostradamus, a physician and
astrologer of the sixteenth century,
actually went to at the time of his
death.
68. The mothers of the dead soldiers
demanded to know why their sons had
been sent off to fight for the interests
of national oil companies.
A) The mothers of some soldiers who had
died objected to their other sons also
being sent to war at the request of
national oil companies.
B) The dead soldiers' mothers demanded
to know why their sons had become
interested in fighting for the country's
oil companies.
C) Although their dead sons had gone off
to fight for the national oil companies,
the mothers were interested in learning
how they had died.
D) The mothers of the soldiers who had
been killed angrily asked why their
sons had gone to war for the sake of
the national oil companies.
E) Although they thought it was probably
for the interests of the country's oil
companies, the mothers of the dead
soldiers demanded to be told the
reason for certain.
69. It is no exaggeration to say that there
was not a single person in the
audience who was not moved by the
sentimental play.
A) The 'play was so sentimental that there
was hardly anyone in the audience
who remained unaffected.
B) Without exaggeration, the play deeply
affected practically the whole
audience.
C) Everyone in the audience admitted
that they had never seen such a
moving play as this.
D) To say that the whole audience was
touched by the emotional play is just
reflecting the truth.
E) Probably, there was not a single
person in the audience who did not
find the play too sentimental.
70. Although David enjoyed his trip to New
York, he was a bit worried about
looking at his bank balance as he
couldn't work out how much he had
spent.
A) Had David liked his New York trip less,
he would have been quite worried
about seeing his bank balance and
discovering how much he had spent.
B) After his wonderful visit to New York,
David got worried when he looked at
his bank balance because he wasn't
aware that he had spent so much.
C) If David had not been so extravagant
with his money on his fantastic trip to
New York, then he wouldn't have been
at all nervous about looking at his
bank balance.
D) David's New York visit was so
expensive that, although he enjoyed it,
he didn't want to look at his new bank
balance at all.
E) Though David's New York visit had
been pleasurable, he was a little
nervous about seeing how much he
had spent by looking at his bank
balance.
71. It said in the brochure that everything
was included; however, the hotel
charged us extra for drinks.
A) It's said that the hotel does not always
apply what is written in its brochure
and so sometimes asks for additional
charges that are not stated there.
B) Although the hotel charged us extra for
drinks, as was stated in the brochure,
everything else was covered by the
initial price.
C) When we were asked by the hotel to
pay for the drinks, we told them that
we were on the everything-included
scheme.
D) According to the brochure, there would
be no additional charges, but we
ended up paying the hotel for our
drinks.
E) Apart from the drinks, which were
specified as extra in the brochure,
everything was included in the price of
the room.
72. It was not until after I had got home
that I realized I had not set the burglar
alarm in the office.
A) On the way home, I suddenly realized
that I had forgotten to turn on the
burglar alarm in the office.
B) As soon as I entered the house, I
remembered that I hadn't set the
burglar alarm in the office, so I had to
go back to do so.
C) Fortunately, I realized that I hadn't set
the burglar alarm just before I left for
home; otherwise, I would have had to
travel all the way back to the office.
D) I wish I had realized before I arrived
home that I hadn't turned on the
burglar alarm in the office; then it
would have been easier to go and set
it.
E) I didn't turn the burglar alarm on
before I left the office, but I only
became aware of this after I'd arrived
home.
73. He'll know if he's got the position or
not sometime before 5 o'clock today.
A) He'll anxiously wait until 5 p.m. today
to hear whether he has been accepted
for the position.
B) Although it seems certain that he will
be accepted, the decision won't be
made known to him until 5 o'clock.
C) By 5 p.m. today he'll be informed
about whether he's been accepted for
the position.
D) If he has been accepted for the
position, he will receive the
confirmation at around 5 p.m. today.
E) If they decide to accept him for the
position, they'll contact him around 5
o'clock today.
74. The townspeople were not aware that
the factory upstream was dumping
mercury into the river, so they had no
idea why so many of their children
were dying.
A) For a long time, the townspeople
couldn't see the link between the high
mortality rate among their children and
the dumping of mercury from the
factory further up the river.
B) The people in the town couldn't
understand the reasons for their
children's deaths, because the factory
discharging mercury into the river was
so much further up the river.
C) Although many children were dying,
and the town's residents didn't know
the reason why, the factory that was
po|luting the river with mercury kept on
doing so.
D) The reason why so many children in
the town were dying was a mystery to
the local residents as they didn't know
that the factory up the river was
discharging mercury into it.
E) By the time the local residents became
aware of the reasons for the child
deaths in their town, the factory
upstream had already been dumping
mercury into the river for years.
75. My sister would love to be involved in
the' organization of the event, and so
would I.
A) My sister is so much like me, since
she too takes part in organizing events
voluntarily.
B) My sister was so keen to take part in
the organization of the event, that I
encouraged her.
C) I would like my sister to volunteer to
take part in organizing the event.
D) Both my sister and I would be very
happy to take part in organizing the
event.
E) I would encourage my sister if she
decided to take part in the organization
of the event.
76-80, sorularda, verilen Türkçe
cümlenin anlamına en yakın İngilizce
cümleyi bulunuz.
76. Gençler, modern müzik
yaşamın gerilimlerini daha iyi [fade
edebildiği için, bu müziği klasik müziğe
tercih ettiklerini söylüyorlar.
A) Young people prefer to listen to
modern music rather than classical
music because it can express the
tensions of contemporary life much
better.
B) Young people say that since modern
music can better express the tensions
of contemporary life, they prefer such
music to classical music.
C) The reason why young people listen to
modern music rather than classical
music, according to them, is that the
former is more suitable for expressing
the tensions of contemporary life.
D) Young people say that they should
listen to modern music more than they
do classical music, since the former
would prepare them better for the
tensions of contemporary life.
E) According to young people, the
tensions of contemporary life are
better expressed by modern music,
which is why such music is preferred
by them to classical music.
77. Bugün bir makalede, Sultan 2.
Beyazıt'ın saltanatı sırasında, Leonardo
da Vinci'nin Halic'in iki yakasını
birleştirecek bir köprü tasarladığını
okudum.
A) In the article I read today, it is claimed
that Leonardo da Vinci designed a
bridge that would span the Golden
Horn during Sultan Beyazid II's reign.
B) During Sultan Beyazid ll's reign, the
article claims, Leonardo da Vinci
designed a bridge that would span the
Golden Horn.
C) During the reign of Sultan Beyazid II,
as I read in an article today, Leonardo
da Vinci was commissioned to design
a bridge that would span the Golden
Horn.
D) According to the article I read today, it
was during Sultan Beyazid ll's reign
that Leonardo da Vinci designed a
bridge that would span the Golden
Horn.
E) I read in an article today that during
the reign of Sultan Beyazid II,
Leonardo da Vinci designed a bridge
that would span the Golden Horn.
78. Cinayetin işlendiği saatlerde
arkadaşlarıyla kart oynamakta olduğunu
iddia edince, dedektif yalan söylemeyi
bırakıp gerçeği anlatmasını söyledi.
A) When he claimed that he had been
playing cards with his friends around
the time the murder was committed,
the detective told him to stop lying and
tell the truth.
B) Although he claimed that he had been
playing cards with his friends when the
murder took place, he was told by the
detective to stop lying and tell the
truth.
C) The detective had already told him to
stop lying and tell the truth, yet he still
claimed that he had been playing
cards with his friends when the murder
took place.
D) When the detective told him to stop
lying and tell the truth, he still
maintained that he had been playing
cards with his friends around the time
the murder took place.
E) The detective told him to stop lying
and tell the truth, as he didn't believe
his claim that he had been playing
cards with his friends when the murder
took place.
79. Gazetede Derrida'nın bir önceki gün
pankreas kanserinden öldüğü haberini
okuyup okumadığımı sordu.
A) She asked me whether I had read in
the newspaper the news that Derrida
had died of pancreatic cancer the day
before.
B) She asked me if the newspaper had
written whether or not it was
pancreatic cancer that Derrida had
died of the day before.
C) She asked me whether I had read in
the newspaper if it was Derrida who
had died of pancreatic cancer the day
before.
D) She asked me whether the news that
Derrida had died of pancreatic cancer
had been in the newspaper the day
before or not.
E) She told me that she had read
something in the newspaper the day
before saying that Derrida had died of
pancreatic cancer.
80. Toplantıya gelemeyeceğini söylemek
için beni aradığında toplantı zaten
bitmek üzereydi.
A) She called to say that she wouldn't be
able to make it to the meeting, but by
then we were already about to wrap it up.
B) She phoned me to say that since the
meeting was soon to be over, there
was no point in her trying to come to it.
C) By the time she called to say that she
wouldn't be able to make it to the
meeting, it was already over.
D) The meeting was already about to
finish when she called me to say that
she wouldn't be able to make it there.
E) When she called me to say that she
would try to make it to the meeting, I
said we were already about to wrap it up.

81. When the teacher told us to put down
our pencils, I protested immediately,
stating that the scheduled time for the
exam hadn't finished yet.
A) Öğretmen kalemlerimizi bırakmamızı
söylediğinde itiraz ettim, çünkü sınav için
belirlenen süre henüz bitmemişti.
B) Öğretmen kalemlerimizi bırakmamızı
söyleyince sınav için belirlenen sürenin
henüz bitmediğini belirterek hemen itiraz
ettim.
C) Öğretmen kalemlerimizi bırakmamızı
söyler söylemez itiraz ettim ve kendisine
sınav için belirlenen sürenin henüz
bitmediğini hatırlattım.
D) Öğretmen, sınav için belirlenen süre
henüz bitmeden kalemlerimizi
bırakmamızı söyleyince itiraz ettim.
E) Öğretmen kalemlerimizi bırakmamızı
söyleyince hemen itiraz ettim ve ona
sınav için belirlenen sürenin henüz
bitmediğini söyledim.
82. He assured us that the candle-making
process was actually so simple that
anyone could master it.
A) Onun söylediğine göre, mum yapmak,
isteyen herkesin bu konuda kolayca
ustalaşabileceği kadar basit bir süreç.
B) Sonunda bizi mum yapma sürecinin ger-
çekten isteyen herkesin ustalaşabileceği
kadar kolay olduğu konusunda ikna etti.
C) Mum yapma sürecinin gerçekten
herkesin kolayca ustalaşabileceği kadar
kolay olduğu konusunda bizi temin etti.
D) Bize söylediğine bakılırsa, mum yapma
süreci gerçekten herkesin kolayca
ustalaşabileceği kadar basit bir şey.
E) Bizi, mum yapma sürecinin gerçekten çok
basit olduğu ve herkesin bu alanda kolayca
ustalaşabileceği konusunda ikna etti.
83. The city council announced that they
would soon launch a program that would
involve many anti-earthquake measures,
including the tearing down of poorly
constructed buildings.
A) Belediye, kötü inşa edilmiş binaların
yıkılmasının yanı sıra, depreme karşı
pek çok önlem içeren bir programın
yakın zamanda başlatıldığını duyurdu.
B) Belediye, kötü inşa edilmiş binaların
yıkılması da dahil, depreme karşı pek
çok önlem içeren bir programı yakında
başlatacaklarını duyurdu.
C) Belediye, kötü inşa edilmiş binaların
yıkılmasını öngörmeyen bir programın,
depreme karşı hangi önlemleri içerirse
içersin başarılı olamayacağını bildirdi.
D) Belediye, kötü inşa edilmiş binaların
yıkılması gerektiğini, aksi takdirde
depreme karşı pek çok başka önlem de
içeren programın başarılı olamayacağını
bildirdi.
E) Belediye, kötü inşa edilmiş binaların
yıkılması dışında, depreme karşı her
türlü önlemi içeren bir programın yakında
uygulamaya konulacağını duyurdu.
84. Some politicians claim that Turkey will
never be able to obtain full membership
in the European Union.
A) Bazı politikacıların iddia ettiğine göre
Türkiye, Avrupa Birliği'nden tam üyelik
hakkını asla alamayacak.
B) Bazı politikacılar, Türkiye'nin hiçbir
zaman Avrupa Birliği'nde tam üyelik elde
edemeyeceğini ileri sürüyor.
C) Türkiye'nin hiçbir zaman Avrupa
Birliği'nden tam üyelik alamayacağını
ileri süren birçok politikacı vardır.
D) Birçok politikacı, Türkiye'nin Avrupa
Birliği'nden tam üyelik alabileceğine asla
inanmadıklarını ifade etmektedir.
E) Bazı politikacıların ifadelerinden,
Türkiye'nin Avrupa Birliği'nden tam üyelik
alabileceğine inanmadıkları anlaşılıyor.
85. The heroine of Jane Austen's novel
Northanger Abbey complains that history
tells her nothing that does not either
annoy or weary her.
A) Jane Austen'in romanı Northanger
Abbey'm kadın kahramanı, tarihin ona,
onu sinirlendirmeyen ya da usandırmayan
hiç bir şey anlatmadığından yakınır.
B) Jane Austen'in romanı Northanger
Abbey"m kadın kahramanı, tarihte onu
sinirlendirmeyen ya da usandırmayan hiç
bir şey anlatılmadığından şikayetçidir.
C) Jane Austen'in romanı Northanger Abbey"\n
kadın kahramanı, tarihte anlatılan her
şeyin onu ya sinirlendirdiğinden ya da
usandırdığından yakınır durur.
D) Jane Austen'in romanı Northanger
Abbey'de kadın kahramanın şikayet ettiği
bir konu, tarihte anlatılan her şeyin onu
ya sinirlendirdiği ya da usandırdığıdır.
E) Jane Austen'in romanı Northanger
Abbey'm kadın kahramanına göre,
tarihte onu sinirlendirmeyen ya da
usandırmayan hiç bir şey yoktur.
 TEST YOUR PREPOSITIONS
1. The residents of the coastal town were 7 her weekend London, she
left the difficult task of cleaning has a program of museum visits
up the wreckage of their homes planned in order to see as many as
the hurricane. possible.
A) to/during B) with/after A) After/near B) With/to
C) for/since D) over/from C) Until/about D) For/in
E) on/about E) Before/around
2. Cardiff, the capital of Wales since 1955,
a population of around 260,000, 8. There is evidence that some areas that
had barely 1,000 inhabitants the are now dry were once the
beginning of the 19th century. surface of the sea because fossils of
sea creatures have been found in
A) with/at B) under/near rocks that are now far sea level.
C) on/through D) after/from
E) over/in A) in/below B) on/over
C) within/after D) below/above
3. It has become quite popular for girls to
get Henna tattoos the summer E) near/from
since they are temporary and
disappear a few weeks.
9. Andrea dreams of lounging on a
beautiful boat gliding the
A) after/to B) on/by picturesque coast of Rhodes a
C) until/from D) with/near cool drink in hand and soft breezes
E) during/within caressing her.
4. He definitely owes an explanation A) over/on B) to/from
us about why he walked , C) from/in D) along/with
the meeting so abruptly.
E) as/for
A) with/on B) in/through
C) without/into D) to/out of 10. I love white trumpet lilies, which
E) from/until remind me my grandmother in
summer, since the scent of them was
5. From what she said, it is quite clear the first thing you smelt as you walked
that she has no intention her house.
helping us this.
A) for/to B) in/from A) along/within B) to/near
C) from/around D) on/about
C) of/with D) over/on
E) in/by E) of/into

6 sixteen, Erin chose to spend a 11. People who are overweight, past
year an exchange student in middle age, or who suffer heart
Rome because she wanted to learn disease should talk a physician
Italian and experience a different before starting any exercise program.
culture.
A) from/to B) under/in
A) At/as B) For/with C) with/over D) in/as
C) By/to D) From/near E) at/for
E) Around/after

4.2
12. The plant has some information 19. Ellen went to Mexico last Christmas
it how often it should be old friends, and a month later,
watered. she and four other women explored
the Galapagos Islands, which are
A) on/over B) beyond/for
the coast of Ecuador.
C) with/about D) around/besides
E)to/upon A) around/inside B) to/of
C) along/below D) with/off
13 her naturally youthful looks,
E) by/into
Ashley Judd doesn't seem to have
aged a day since breaking 20. Mark has been in love Meg
Hollywood more than ten years ago. the first moment he saw her.
A) Until/inside B) Before/over A) for/at B) from/witin
C) Beyond/for D) With/into C) towards/for D) about/since
E) From/through E) with/from
14. The commercials Cola Turka use 21. Since you're not interested
the scenario American actor going a walk, why don't we
Chevy Chase slowly turning Turkish by play cards?
drinking the brew.
A) to/by B) in/for
A) against/with B) on/near C) of/to D) about/in
C) from/by D) over/along E) with/on
E) for/of
22. Did you speak him yesterday
15. The source their problems, and tell him the arrangements?
which they can laugh now that
they are older, was their vast and many A) to/about B) with/at
differences. C) for/with D) about/for
E) about/from
A) in/over B) of/about
C) among/to D) to/for 23. I don't think there's any point
E) from/at complaining, because he won't listen
anything we say.
16. The Industrial Revolution turned
Britain an agricultural country A) among/by B) of/about
an industrial one. C) in/to D) with/in
E) on/with
A) from/into B) for/from
C) about/towards D) around/across 24. While walking the dark forest,
E) with/for we all kept our flashlights hand,
jumping at the slightest noise.
17. The company has allowed him a two-
week break from work in order to help A) along/by B) past/among
him his illness. C) around/into D) outside/near
E) through/in
A) break up B) get over
C)run out D) put off 25. Shortly her thirtieth birthday,
E) count on Margaret became mysteriously ill
symptoms that were eventually
18. The coach did not even stop once diagnosed as the result of severe
the journey Ankara. stress.
A) with/in B) in/along A) during/over B) after/with
C) during/from D) on/over C) beyond/below D) under/through
E) through/onto E) near/to
 26. Paula bought an energetic Welsh 32. He was so popular the people
corgie a surprise her around him because throughout his
husband's birthday and they named life, he never did anything that would
him Red. be damaging another person.

A) to/in B) inside/at A) for/about B) to/of

C) from/on D) as/for C) among/in D) between/upon
E) in/after E) with/to

27. The police officer ordered the suspect 33. A person the name of Freddy
to stand the wall with his hands called, but he wouldn't leave his
his head while he waited for number or say what he was calling
backup.

A) against/above B) about/upon A) of/through B) at/from

C) opposite/in D) beside/among C) by/about D) over/for
E) before/through E) for/up

34 the interview, they showed me

28. As the wolf crept him, the hunter
the production facilities and
slowly reached for his gun and fired
introduced me to the people whom I
the animal before it could attack.
would be supervising if I was hired for
the position.
A) above/to B) down/over
C) towards/at D) after/behind A) Since/to B) After/around
E) near/by C) Along/past D) Inside/by
E) For/towards
29. Can we pay this cheque as
we haven't got much cash? 35. She's been working us for so
many years now that I can't imagine
A) with/in B) out of/to how we would cope her.
C) from/over D) off/on
A) until/outside B) for/from
E) for/by
C) within/off D) with/without
E) from/out of
30. Rosa is adding an artist's studio
the eighteenth-century country house 36. It seems me that you'd be better
that she is renovating together off if you moved the house
her husband, who is an architect. where you live now.

A) beyond/along B) to/with A) in/into B) at/to

C) between/near D) for/about C) to/out of D) with/with
E) through/by E) for/inside

31. The prisoner escaped jail by 37. Please see me my office hours
crawling a tunnel that he had 3 pm and 5 pm if you want to
spent five years digging using spoons discuss your term papers or if you
have any questions regarding the final
stolen from the cafeteria.
project.
A) by/outside B) to/near A) during/between B) from/around
C) for/at D) past/beyond C) by/about D) outside/since
E) from/through E) inside/until

44
38. I keep some emergency supplies 45. When I saw Kathleen looking
including flashlights, batteries, a radio the keyhole into the room where the
and water the bed case of children were playing, she said she
a natural disaster or a power cut. was trying to see what all the noise
was
A) in/against B) from/for
C) beside/to D) on/towards
E) underneath/in A) for/from B) into/with
C) through/about D) over/through
39. I love walking the seashore, E) at/off
even the rain.
46. I guess that man walking us
A) by/among B) along/in must be an acquaintance of yours
C) over/on D) through/at since he appears to be smiling
E) towards/over you.
40. Glenda was very surprised the B) towards/at
A) around/with
excellent result her exam
because she thought she'd done so C) across/to D) from/against
badly. E) along/for

A) by/out of B) over/by 47. Female professional chefs have some

C) with/about D) for/at advantages male chefs in that
E) at/of they get more publicity and they
usually get more respect their
41. Todd, an Australian native who arrived staff.
New York a decade ago, is
a noted event designer and interior A) above/for
decorator for many celebrities.
B) between/among
A) to/under B) on/by C) towards/against
C) near/below D) in/about D) over/from
E) at/past E) near/inside

42. If we hadn't waited a little later 48. In the exam, we were given a passage
to leave, we wouldn't have got stuck which was taken a book, called
the rush-hour traffic. Nicholas Nickleby, Charles
Dickens.
A) until/in B) from/through
C) for/from D) in/among
A) from/by B) in/of
E) to/around
C) about/over D) out of/at
43. The bakers of the Ottoman period E) off/with
believed that after his expulsion
the Garden of Eden, Adam learnt how 49. The doctor was not sure what was
to make bread the Archangel wrong me, so he referred me
Gabriel. a specialist.
A) from/from B) off/for A) for/at B) to/for
C) before/with D) out of/in C) from/with D) about/on
E) beyond/among
E) with/to
44. A simit, eaten plain or various
fillings such as cheese or olives, is a 50. I was not familiar the program
perfect accompaniment a glass they were using, so it took me a little
of hot tea. while to get used it.

A) beside/by B) inside/along A) over/for B) with/to

C) by/against D) for/at C) about/by D) to/about
E) with/to E) by/from

45
 PRACTICE EXAM 2

6. The Turkish economy has been

successful this year, but there is still a
great deal of room for improvement.

1. As a/an all visitors to the new A) deliberately B) barely

shopping centre are thoroughly C) abruptly D) moderately
searched by security personnel. E) depressingly
A) safety B) criticism
C)insurance D) provision 7. People who had known them for a long
E) precaution time knew that it was that they
would get divorced someday because
2. One of the main against Istanbul they were constantly having rows.
becoming an Olympic venue is its
traffic problem. A) inevitable B) amazing
C)sudden D) incredible
A) arguments B) appeals E) immature
C) battles D) benefits
E) contradictions
8. The party decided to replace their
leader because his performance in the
3. It is impossible to elected
leaders who only use their positions to recent elections had not been
enrich themselves.
A) essential B) satisfactory
A) estimate B) approximate C) accurate D) substandard
C) respect D)suppose E) partial
E) presume
9. Because her father is lazy and
4, Bill has had such an adventurous life indifferent, it's become Mary's
that people often think he is responsibility to her cancer-
when he tells his stories, but actually stricken mother.
they're all true.
A) turn on B) get over
A) increasing B) assuming
C) exaggerating . D) alternating C) look after D) take after
E) organizing E) look up

5. It may take a long time, but 10. Even people who are not particularly
people will realize that we cannot interested in sports get in the
continue to rely on fossil fuels. excitement of the World Cup finals.

A) initially B) eventually A) run around B) broken off

C) immediately D) entirely C) filled up D) called out
E) doubtfully E)caught up
11. Even if both of us 12 hours a 16. The burglars must have got the
day, we still enough to pay off house forcing a lock because
our debts. there were no broken windows.

A) off/from B) out of/to

A) work/haven't earned
C) into/by D) across/with
B) would have worked/hadn't earned E) for/through
C) had worked/didn't earn
D) worked/couldn't earn 17. There have been three fatal crashes in
E) will work/don't earn three years; the safety of
Britain's railways is causing increasing
12. I not drive a car in Istanbul concern among the public.
because I hate sitting in traffic jams.
A) whereas B) however
C) similarly D) furthermore
A) would prefer E) consequently
B) would rather
C) would like 18. There are ever stricter security checks
D) would hate at airports the perceived threat
E) would mind of terrorism.

A) as if B) such as
13. It's just been announced that the train C) since D) owing to
from the previous station and E) instead of
here in a few minutes.
19. Because its culture is so much older,
China has history than the
A) has departed/will arrive United States.
B) departed/has arrived
C) departs/arrived A) too much B) far more
D) was departing/arrives C)so many D) such a lot of
E) will depart/was arriving E) the most

20. The bus to Bandırma took a long time,

14. The Swedish city of Malmö part but I don't know we could have
of Denmark until the 17th century, and gone.
the city much of its Danish
character, including its dialect, today. A) however B) anything
C) how else D) what else
E) another
A) has been/retained
B) would be/will retain 21. It's not because our footballers played
C) had been/had retained well that we won the match, but
D) is/has retained because team played so badly.
E) was/retains
A) the other B) others
C) any other D) other
15. A collection of 2000-year-old birch E) another
bark scrolls the British Library
are the earliest Buddhist 22. Every country in the world has
manuscripts known. flag and national anthem.

A) from/at B) for/throughout A) its own B) itself

C) it's D) them
C) about/around D) to/about
E) their
E) at/among

4.7
A broken leg is not likely to start a boy on a Scientists discover new species (28)
career as a popular author; (23) for In fact, about 10,000 species of flora or fauna
young H.G. Wells, however, (24) he (29) every year. They are mostly
was lying in bed reading, he developed a insects, but occasionally new large mammals
(30) especially in areas where
taste for the (25) world of books. He
scientists have had little (31) for an
had wanted to be a science teacher, but extended period, because of war, for
tuberculosis made this impossible, so he example. In recent years there has been a
turned to writing instead. (26) his sudden flurry of new large animals being
science training he produced a long series of discovered in Laos and Cambodia, simply
scientifically-themed novels, including The because people hadn't been into those areas
Time Machine (1895), The War of the Worlds before. The saola - often (32) as a
(1898), The Island of Dr. Moreau (1896), and cow with long horns that lives the life of a
The Invisible Man (1897). Wells wrote goat - and the giant muntjac deer have been
discovered in the Vu Quang forest reserve in
nonfiction as well. (27) he wrote more
North Vietnam in the past decade.
than 100 books.
28.
23.
A) at a time B) at one-time
A) so was it C) at once D) at the time
B) it didn't E) all the time
C) nor was it
D) it did so 29.
E) they hope so
A) would be found
B) have found
24. C) are found
D) will have found
A) After B)As E) were found
C) How D) Upon
E) That 30.

25. A) look out B) turn up

C) run over D) break down
E) think of
A) fascinating B) reminding
C) appalling D) upsetting 31.
E) frustrating
A) introduction B) access
26. C) ascent D) entrance
E) inquiry
A) Towards B) Beside
C) From D) Among 32.
E) Between
A) to describe
B) describing
27. C) describe
D) having described
A) For short B) Even though E) described
C) On average D) Altogether
E) At last

33. As he could not himself afford to pay
for his wife's operation
A) it was going to take place last
Thursday
B) it is scheduled for next week
C) unfortunately the doctors performed
the wrong operation
D) standards at the hospital are not very
high
E) he had to borrow the money from
friends
34 because he was criticized in a
government report.
A) He readily accepted the job as director
of the BBC
B) No one understands what he is
supposed to be guilty of
C) He had always wanted a career in the
mass media sector
D) The director of the BBC was forced to
resign
E) The government indicated its approval
of him
35. , , which is officially part of India
but has a majority Muslim population.
A) When India became independent from
Britain, it was partitioned into the two
countries of India and Pakistan
B) The tourist industry in Kashmir has
been destroyed by the recent fighting
C) India and Pakistan have gone to war
three times over Kashmir
D) The capital of Kashmir, Srinagar, is
located on a beautiful mountain lake
E) Kashmiri rebels have kidnapped a
number of foreign tourists
36. Scientists lost contact with the Mars
probe
A) as it plunged into the thin Martian
atmosphere
B) since it should land on Mars within
hours
C) that it had cost billions of dollars to
develop
D) because it will search for life on the
Red Planet
E) although no one has heard from it
since
37. George Washington is called the father
of his country
A) though he was supposed to chop
down his father's cherry tree
B) who wore false teeth made of wood
C) during the Revolutionary War in which
he was a general
D) because he led the revolutionary
armies and was the first president
E) whose picture can be seen on the one-
dollar bill
38. While the salary in my last job was
excellent
A) I had many opportunities for
advancement
B) there was hardly any job satisfaction
C) the employees got along very well with
each other
D) I should have stayed there longer than
I did
E) the manager treated all the employees
more or less equally
39. Istanbul is the kind of city
A) while it is extremely attractive to
tourists
B) when it rains or snows for much of the
winter
C) that there have been a great deal of
historical events which took place
there
D) how can people from so many different
backgrounds live together in such
harmony
E) where people can come with nothing
and make a fortune if they are lucky
40. Surprisingly, herbal medical treatments
sometimes work
A) even if antibiotics are so expensive
B) that they have been used for centuries
C) and they are rather unreliable
D) where conventional medicine fails
E) ever since antibiotics were shown to
have side effects
 41 , if not altogether eliminated, by
the introduction of photocopying
machines.
A) Photocopying machines make it easy
for teachers to duplicate portions of
books for use by their students
B) It has become virtually impossible to
prevent copyright theft
C) The need for carbon paper to make a
copy of a document was reduced
greatly
D) Xerography, a type of copier, was
developed by the American physicist
Chester F. Carlson
E) Laser printing, introduced in the 1970s,
improved the speed and clarity of
photocopies
42 so the authorities have decided
to cancel the flight.
A) The terminal building was extremely
busy since it was the peak season
B) The airline company has been losing
customers owing to its poor in-flight
service
C) Intelligence reports indicate that the
plane might be hijacked
D) Before we had today's instruments,
bad weather used to pose much
greater problem for flights
E) If weather conditions were to prevent
the pilots from seeing the ground
43. "Yes, but there's nothing special on."
A) Are you going to wear your new suit to
the party tonight?
B) Have you checked the TV section in
the paper?
C) When you last went to the cinema,
was the film any good?
D) What's the latest news on the big
political scandal?
E) I think you're going to the big match
tonight, aren't you?
44. "No, but why don't you go back and
ask them whether they found it or not?"
A) Did you notice if I left my bag in the
restaurant last night?
B) If you find my bag, will you give me a
ring?
C) What might have happened to my new
jacket?
50
D) You haven't seen my jeans anywhere,
have you?
E) How can I present my report if I can't
find my briefcase?
45. "Yes, thanks. I think I'll manage to
make it to work today."
A) You're feeling pretty bad today, aren't
you?
B What happened to you yesterday?
C What did the doctor say?
D Are you feeling better this morning?
E Have you heard about the flu epidemic
that is going around?
46. "Yes; in fact, I just got an e-mail from
him today."
A) How is your brother doing in London?
B) Did you hear from your mother?
C) When were you last in contact with
your father?
D) Why haven't you been writing to your
brother?
E) Have you heard from your uncle
recently?
47. Esas olarak gökcisimlerinin uzun
zaman dilimlerindeki hareketleriyle
ilgilenen ingiliz astronom Edmund
Halley, kendi adıyla anılan
kuyrukluyıldızı 1682'de gözlemlemiştir.
A) English astronomer Edmund Halley,
who dealt especially with the
movements of celestial bodies over
long periods of time, named the comet
he had observed in 1682 after himself.
B) English astronomer Edmund Halley,
who observed a comet in 1682 which
was later named after him, dealt
specifically with the movements of
celestial bodies over long periods of
time.
C) Being primarily concerned with the
movements of celestial bodies over
long periods of time, English
astronomer Edmund Halley observed
the comet that was named after him in
1682.
D) Owing to his great interest in the
movements of celestial bodies over
long periods of time, Edmund Halley,
an English astronomer, observed a
comet in 1682 and named it after himself.
E) Edmund Halley, who observed the
comet named after him in 1682 thanks
to his great interest in the movements
of celestial bodies over long periods of
time, was a famous English
astronomer.
48. Ünlü rock grubu Jethro Tull'un adını,
1701'de bir tohum makinesi geliştiren
aynı adlı bir İngiliz tarım öncüsünden
aldığını biliyor muydunuz?
A) You didn't know that the famous rock
band Jethro Tull actually uses the
name of the English agricultural
pioneer who developed a seed drill in
1701, did you?
B) Did you know that the English
agricultural pioneer who developed a
seed drill in 1701 was also called
Jethro lull, the same as the famous
rock band?
C) Did you know that the famous rock
band Jethro Tull took its name from an
English agricultural pioneer of the
same name who developed a seed
drill in 1701?
D) You know that an English agricultural
pioneer who developed a seed drill in
1701 had the same name as the
famous rock band Jethro Tull, don't
you?
E) Do you know about the English
agricultural pioneer who developed a
seed drill in 1701, and whose name
was Jethro Tull, the same as the
famous rock band?
49. Anadolu, Asya ve Avrupa'nın
kesişimindeki stratejik konumundan
dolayı, tarih öncesi çağlardan beri pek
çok uygarlığın beşiği olmuştur.
A) Due to its strategic location at the
intersection of Asia and Europe,
Anatolia has been the cradle of many
civilizations since prehistoric times.
B) Anatolia, which has since prehistoric
times been the cradle of many
civilizations, is located strategically at
the intersection of Asia and Europe.
C) Anatolia is located at the intersection
of Asia and Europe, and this strategic
location has allowed the area to be the
cradle of many civilizations since
prehistoric times.
D) Anatolia has been the cradle of many
civilizations since prehistoric ages
because it is at the intersection of Asia
and Europe, a strategic location.
E) Since prehistoric ages, its strategic
location at the intersection of Asia and
Europe has made Anatolia the cradle
of many civilizations.
50. Bisiklet sürerken, görüşünüzü ya da
kontrolünüzü engelleyebilecek paketler
taşımaktan kaçınmalısınız.
A) When you are riding a bicycle, you
should not transport packages that might
interfere with your vision or control.
B) If you transport large packages by
bicycle, they might interfere with your
vision or control.
C) Large packages must be avoided
when riding a bicycle since they may
interfere with your vision or control.
D) Avoid carrying large packages by
bicycle as they will interfere with your
vision and control.
E) When riding a bicycle, you should
avoid transporting packages that could
interfere with your vision or control.
51. The motor-vehicle industry, which
began in the 1890s in France initially in
small workshops producing one car at
a time, is today the world's largest
industry.
A) Bugün dünyanın en büyük endüstrisi
olan motorlu araç endüstrisi, 18901ı
yıllarda Fransa'daki küçük atölyelerde
önceleri bir seferde bir araba üretilerek
başlamıştır.
B) Bugün dünyanın en büyük endüstrile-
rinden olan motorlu araç endüstrisi,
1890'lı yıllarda Fransa'daki küçük
atölyelerde başladığında, bir seferde
sadece bir araba üretilebiliyordu.
C) İlk olarak 1890'lı yıllarda Fransa'daki
küçük atölyelerde bir seferde bir araba
üretimiyle başlamış olsa da, motorlu
araç endüstrisi bugün dünyanın en
büyük endüstrisi durumuna gelmiştir.
D) 1890'lı yıllarda Fransa'daki küçük
atölyelerde ilk başta bir seferde bir
araba üretimiyle başlamış olan motorlu
araç endüstrisi bugün dünyanın en
büyük endüstrilerinden biridir.
E) Fransa'da 1890'lı yıllarda ilk başta
küçük atölyelerde bir seferde bir araba
üretilerek başlayan motorlu araç
endüstrisi, bugün dünyanın en büyük
endüstrisidir.
52. While the ancient Greeks were inclined
to philosophize about science and
technology, the Romans were more
concerned with putting theory into
practice.
A) Romalılar teoriyi uygulamaya
koymakla daha ilgiliydi, ama Eski
Yunanlılar bilim ve teknoloji hakkında
filozofça düşünmeyi tercih ediyorlardı.
B) Eski Yunanlılar daha çok bilim ve
teknoloji hakkında filozofça
54. Geoffrey Chaucer, who became
düşünmeye, Romalılar ise teoriyi
uygulamaya koymaya yatkındılar.
C) Eski Yunanlılarla Romalılar arasındaki
fark, bilim ve teknoloji hakkında
birisinin teoriye diğerinin ise
uygulamaya daha çok önem
vermesidir.
D) Eski Yunanlılar bilim ve teknoloji
hakkında filozofça düşünmeye
yatkınlık gösterirken Romalılar teoriyi
uygulamaya koymakla daha ilgiliydiler.
E) Eski Yunanlılar'da bilim ve teknoloji
hakkında filozofça düşünme eğilimi
yaygındı, ancak Romalılar daha çok
teoriyi uygulamaya koymakla
ilgileniyordu.
53. Following World War I, Japan achieved
a striking success in industralization,
owing to its cheap labour, efficient new
machinery, and active government
participation.
A) Japonya, Birinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan
sonra, ucuz emekgücü, verimli yeni
makineler ve etkin hükümet katılımı
gibi olanaklarını, hızla endüstrileşmek
için büyük bir başarıyla kullanmıştır.
B) Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nı takiben, ucuz
emekgücü, verimli yeni makineler ve
etkin bir hükümet katılımı sağlayan
Japonya, başarılı bir endüstrileşme
gerçekleştirmiştir.
C) Japonya, Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nı
takiben, ucuz emekgücü, verimli yeni
makineler ve etkin hükümet katılımı
sayesinde endüstrileşmede çarpıcı bir
başarı kazanmıştır.
D) Birinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra, ucuz
emekgücü ve verimli yeni makinelere
kavuşan Japonya, etkin bir hükümet
katılımının da yardımıyla hızla
endüstrileşmiştir.
E) Birinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra
çarpıcı biçimde endüstrileşen Japonya,
bu başarısını ucuz emekgücü, verimli
yeni makineler ve etkin hükümet
katılımına borçludur.
acquainted with the works of Boccaccio
during his first trip to Italy, later retold
some of these stories in his greatest
work, The Canterbury Tales.
A) Geoffrey Chaucer, ilk İtalya seyahati
sayesinde Boccacio'nun eserlerini
tanımış ve böylece en- büyük eseri
Canterbury Hikayelerinde, bu öykülere
de yer verebilmiştir.
B) Boccaccic'nun eserleriyle ilk İtalya
seyahati sırasında tanışan Geoffrey
Chaucer, daha sonra bu öykülerin
bazılarını en büyük eseri Canterbury
Hikayelerinde yeniden anlatmıştır.
C) En büyük eseri Canterbury
Hikayelerinde Boccaccio'nun bazı
eserlerine de yer veren Geoffrey
Chaucer bu öyküleri ilk kez bir İtalya
seyahati sırasında duymuştur.
D) En büyük eseri Canterbury
Hikayelerinde Boccaccio'nun bazı
öykülerini yeniden anlatan Geoffrey
Chaucer, bu eserlerle ilk kez bir İtalya
seyahati sırasında tanışmıştır.
E) İlk italya seyahatinde Boccaccio'nun
eserleriyle tanışan Geoffrey Chaucer,
daha sonra bu öyküleri, en büyük eseri
olan Canterbury Hikayeleri adı altında
toplamıştır.
The astronomers, physicists and
mathematicians of ancient Greece were true
innovators. But one thing it seems the ancient
Greeks did not invent was the counting
system on which many of their greatest
thinkers based their pioneering calculations.
New research suggests that the Greeks
borrowed their system, known as alphabetic
numerals, from the Egyptians, and did not
actually develop it themselves, as was long
believed. Alphabetic numerals were favoured
by the mathematician and physicist
Archimedes, the scientific philosopher
Aristotle, and the mathematician Euclid,
among others.
55. The passage seems to suggest that
A) the ancient Greeks did not invent the
number system they used
B) the greatest mathematicians came
from ancient Greece
C) Archimedes, Aristotle and Euclid
preferred their own numerical systems
D) the ancient Greeks invented
mathematics
E) Greek science and mathematics were
borrowed from Egypt
56. According to the passage, the greatest
Greek thinkers may have based their
calculations on
A) the latest research carried out in
ancient Egypt
B) a numerical system they invented
themselves
C) work pioneered by Archimedes,
Aristotle and Euclid
D) an Egyptian numerical system
E) astronomy, physics and mathematics
57. According to the passage, it's possible
that the alphabetic numerals
A) were invented by the mathematician
Euclid
B) were not developed until after the
great pioneering works of Greek
thinkers
C) would not have been developed had it
not been for Archimedes
D) made possible the political and
economic relationship between ancient
Greece and Egypt
E) which the Greeks relied on were
actually developed by another culture
The Hubble space telescope has earned its
place in history. US astronomer Lyman
Spitzer first proposed a space observatory in
1946. It was a bold idea then, considering
that no one had yet launched so much as a
rocket out of the Earth's atmosphere. But he
was aware that such a telescope would
produce clearer images than ground-based
telescopes, because although we are
fortunate to be blanketed by an atmosphere
that protects us from the radiation of outer
space, that same atmosphere also causes
the images of all celestial objects to be
blurred. While we see this distortion as the
familiar twinkling of stars in the night sky,
astronomers see only a headache in trying to
analyze the heavens.
58. We understand from the passage that
when the idea for a space observatory
was first put forth,
A) the Hubble space telescope had
already earned its place in history
B) no one was sure if it would provide
any advantages
C) it was not an original or pioneering
idea
D) as of yet no space rockets had left the
Earth's atmosphere
E) all the technology necessary to put the
idea into practice existed
59. As is pointed out in the passage
A) heavenly bodies can be seen more
clearly from outer space
B) radiation in outer space presents a
danger to space telescopes
C) the Hubble space telescope did not
live up to expectations
D) stars twinkle familiarly in outer space
E) the Hubble space telescope produces
distorted images
60. We can infer from the passage that the
person who first suggested a space
observatory
A) did not live to see the idea carried out
B) often got a headache from observing
the stars
C) was not satisfied with the images
produced by ground-based telescopes
D) was not certain whether clearer
astronomical observations could be
made in outer space
E) was also known by the name Hubble
53
Alhazen (965-1039) was the son of an
Egyptian civil servant and thus relatively well
educated. In the course of his reading, he
became fascinated by the flooding of the
River Nile. He reasoned that constructing a
dam would enable water to be stored for
irrigation during the dry season, and flooding
could be prevented at other times. He pitched
his idea to the ruler of Egypt, the Caliph al-
Hakim. The Caliph was intrigued, and
provided financial backing and workmen. On
arrival at the dam's proposed site at Aswan,
Alhazen realized that he had insufficient
money, materials and labour to complete the
project successfully. Not wanting to waste
money, but concerned at the price he might
have to pay for failure, he pretended to be
insane, a pretence he was required to keep
up until the Caliph died twelve years later.
61. We understand from the passage that
Alhazen
A) must have been insane to make the
proposal that he did
B) wanted to build a dam at Aswan nearly
a thousand years ago
C) encountered a few minor problems in
carrying out his dam project
D) unsuccessfully tried to interest the
Caliph in his idea to build a dam on
the Nile
E) would have realized the impossibility of
his idea had he been well-educated
62. It is clear from the passage that the
Caliph al-Hakim
A) was not interested in controlling the
annual flooding of the Nile
B) thought that Alhazen's idea for a dam
at Aswan was a good one
C) punished Alhazen severely for his
failure
D) generously funded Alhazen's project
E) already knew Alhazen was insane but
supported his endeavour anyway
63. It is understood from the passage that
when Alhazen went to Aswan
A) he realized that his task was bigger
than he had thought
B) the enormity of his task drove him
insane
C) he wasted all the Caliph's money and
was still unable to complete the dam
D) he realized that the Caliph must have
been insane to back his plan
E) the Caliph had already died
Niki, my second child, came to see me earlier
this year, in April, when the days were still
cold and drizzly. Perhaps she had intended to
stay longer, I do not know. But my country
house and the quiet that surrounds it made
her restless, and before long, I could see she
was anxious to return to her life in London.
She listened impatiently to my classical
records, flicked through numerous
magazines. The telephone rang for her
regularly, and she would stride across the
carpet, taking care to close the door behind
her so that I would not overhear her
conversation. She left after five days.
(Adapted from Kazuo Ishiguro, A Pale View of Hills)
64. We can infer from the passage that
Niki
A) has at least one sister
B) does not like cold weather
C) prefers urban life
D) dislikes her mother
E) has no life of her own
65. It is clear from the passage that Niki's
visit
A) was a way for her to escape from her
problems in London
B) managed to cut short a big quarrel
C) was not quite a success
D) was enjoyable for both the parent and
the daughter
E) went according to plan
66. One thing we learn about the
relationship between the two people in
the passage is that
A) Niki does not like her parent
B) Niki does not wish her parent to know
much about her private life
C) Niki and her parent share a taste for
classical music
D) they are on intimate and friendly terms
with one another
E) Niki is ashamed of her parent's
lifestyle
Coca-Cola has been ordered to stop drawing
groundwater for a bottling plant which
supplies most of southern India, after a court
found that it was ruining the environment. In a
ruling which threatens to close the 40-acre
Coca-Cola plant in Kerala, southern India, the
state's high court has ordered the company to
close its boreholes and stop drawing
groundwater in one month's time. A thousand
local families have been protesting for 608
days, claiming the plant is drawing so much
water that it is turning their rice paddies into a
desert and killing their coconut palms. They
brought the action in defiance of the state
government, which supported the company.
67. It is clear from the passage that the
Coca-Cola company
A) is poisoning most of the groundwater
in southern India
B) has ruined the lives of 608 families in
southern India
C) makes the most popular drink in
southern India
D) is accused of having a bad effect on
some farms in southern India
E) has had a beneficial effect on the
Indian economy on the whole
68. We understand from the passage that
the families which have been
protesting believe that the local Coca-
Cola bottling plant
A) is destroying their farms by taking too
much water
B) takes up too much land
C) engages in unfair labour practices
D) is poisoning their rice and coconuts
E) produces a product that is bad for their
health
69. One can conclude from the passage
that the Indian court mentioned in the
passage
A) agrees with the state government of
Kerala
B) was pressured into its ruling by the
Coca-Cola company
C) does not believe that the local families
have a good case
D) is not controlled by the state
government of Kerala
E) does not care about the local
environment
A poet, novelist, essayist and playwright,
fluent in both Spanish and French as well as
being eloquent in his native tongue, Langston
Hughes is best remembered as a radical
democrat. Born in 1902 in Joplin, Missouri,
Hughes attended Columbia University in New
York, having already launched his literary
career with his poem, "The Negro Speaks of
Rivers". Hughes had committed himself to
writing mainly about African Americans, and
often wrote of Blacks being free of the need
for white approval. His love of music led
Hughes to write about jazz and blues in his
first two books, The Weary Blues (1926) and
Fine Clothes to the Jew (1927). Hughes' last
book of verse, The Panther and the Lash -
which was about the Civil Rights Movement -
was published posthumously in 1967, the
year he died.
70. We understand from the passage that
by the time Hughes entered Columbia
University,
A) he had already published a poem
B) he had already attained nationwide
fame
C) he was well known for his radical
politics
D) there were a number of other black
students there
E) he was an accomplished musician
71. It is clear from the passage that
Hughes
A) did not put his political thoughts into
his poetry
B) was more interested in music than in
political causes
C) became a well-known writer in spite of
his lack of formal education
D) became well-known only after his
death
E) spoke at least three languages
72. According to the passage, Hughes'
writing mostly concerned
A) his hometown of Joplin, Missouri
B) the relationship between jazz and
poetry
C) giving self-confidence to Black
Americans
D) death and the Civil Rights Movement
E) the relationship between black and
white students at Columbia University
55

Nine African American children attempted to
enroll at Central High School in Little Rock,
Arkansas, in early September 1957, only to
be barred from entering by an angry mob of
400 whites and the National Guard, called out
by Governor Orval Faubus. Reacting to the
events, President Eisenhower promised to
use "every legal means" to integrate the high
school as ordered by the Supreme Court's
1954 ruling in the case of Brown vs. Board of
Education. On September 25, after continued
inflexibility by Faubus and the white
protesters, Eisenhower sent 1,000
paratroopers and 10,000 federalized national
guardsmen to escort the children into the
school. The mob dispersed and the school
was successfully integrated, with Eisenhower
commenting, "Mob rule cannot be allowed to
override the decisions of our courts." In 1958,
the nine children and their advocate, Daisy
Bates, were awarded the Spingarn Medal for
being Black Americans of distinction.
73. It is clear from the passage that
Governor Orval Faubus
A) was not in favor of Blacks and whites
attending school together
B) later served a long and distinguished
term on the Supreme Court
C) was also a member of the National
Guard
D) had been the defendant in the case of
Brown vs. Board of Education
E) agreed to let the children into the
school after Eisenhower warned him
74. President Eisenhower's comment
indicates that, for him, the integration
of the school
A) was necessary in order to give the
Civil Rights Movement a chance
B) proved that mobs were not as bad as
many people thought
C) needed to be brought about mainly for
legal reasons
D) was the only way that those nine
African American children could get an
education
E) had to be effected if he was to win the
next election
56
75. It can be concluded from the passage
that
A) the nine African American children all
graduated in 1958
B) Governor Orval Faubus was acting in
defiance of the law
C) the majority of the people of Arkansas
were against school integration
D) several whites have also won the
Spingarn Medal
E) President Eisenhower was in fact an
extreme racist
76. With your qualifications, it would be
surprising if you didn't find a job.
A) Even with your qualifications, it will be
difficult for you to find a job.
B) If you want to find a job, you should
become better qualified.
C) I wonder why you haven't found a job,
because you have such good
qualifications.
D) The better your qualifications, the
more likely you are to find a job.
E) You are so well qualified that you are
almost certain to find a job.
77. Scientists often think the public will
believe anything when it comes to new
research, but studies confirm that this
viewpoint is unproven.
A) Scientists are so well respected that
people believe everything they
discover in their research, without
even questioning its validity.
B) Although scientists tend to think that
people will accept whatever they come
up with in their research, this has been
shown to be not necessarily true.
C) Scientists often discover seemingly
unbelievable things in the course of
their research, and so people are
usually unwilling to accept them until
they are proven true.
D) Most scientists are aware that the
public has no choice but to believe
whatever researchers tell them is true.
E) If only scientists did not come up with
such odd things in their new research,
then people would be more likely to
believe them.
78. The owners of Britain's privatized
railways are often accused of trading
safety for profit.
A) Companies running British railways
are frequently blamed for ignoring
safety for the sake of making money.
B) Britain's trains have been both safe
and profitable ever since privatization.
C) Ever since British railways passed into
private hands, they have become more
profitable but more dangerous as well.
D) Privatization may have become
profitable for the government, but it
has definitely not increased rail safety
in Britain.
E) Everyone knows that the people in
charge of British railways are more
interested in their income than in
safety.
79. Why don't we go to Erzurum in the
spring, when it's not so cold?
A) It's too cold to go to Erzurum now, so
we should wait until later.
B) Why do you insist that we go to
Erzurum in winter, when it's so cold?
C) Erzurum is not a very pleasant place
to visit in winter because of the cold.
D) Spring is the best time of year to visit
Erzurum.
E) Spring, when it's warmer, would be a
better time for us to go to Erzurum.
80. Umberto Eco's novels have lately
become less complex and more
entertaining.
A) Umberto Eco's early novels were so
intricate that they were sometimes not
very readable.
B) The recent novels of Umberto Eco are
not as complicated, but are more fun
to read than his earlier ones.
C) Umberto Eco's novels have been
moving away from readability and
towards complexity.
D) The novels of Umberto Eco are
intellectually satisfying, however
amusing they may be, because of their
complexity.
E) Few writers combine complexity and
entertainment as effectively as
Umberto ECo does.
81. South African scientists have
discovered the oldest known example
of a sauropod - one of the giant plant-
eaters of the Jurassic era - in a
museum. The creature, two metres
high at the hip and probably weighing
two tonnes, stalked the planet 215
million years ago In actual fact,
however, the dinosaur belongs to a
species entirely new to science, and
has proven to be the earliest known
ancestor of those dinosaurs known to
all schoolchildren: Diplodocus and
Brachiosaurus.
A) Palaeontologists were delighted to
discover the fossil in a swamp
B) Dinosaurs became extinct for
uncertain reasons about 67 million
years ago
C) The first men did not appear until long
after the last dinosaurs died out
D) The fossil remains, unearthed in 1981,
were originally wrongly classified
E) The Natural History Museum in
London has a great collection of
dinosaur skeletons
82. Called the "father of the familiar
essay", Michel de Montaigne was one
of the world's greatest essayists. A
skeptic, Montaigne was not satisfied to
take matters at face value or simply
accept things because others had said
they were so He tried to find
the reasons, for example, why men and
women acted as they did. His keen
interest in the world around him led
him to write on a wide variety of
subjects, and his essays offer a
remarkably complete picture of the age
in which he lived.
A) Without doubt, he is one of the
greatest French prose stylists
B) His essay, "On Cannibals", is one of
the first examples in European
literature of a socially relativistic
viewpoint
C) Born near Bordeaux, France, in 1533,
he was the son of a wealthy merchant
D) Although he didn't invent the essay
form, he did revive it, name it, and
make it popular
E) Instead, he asked questions, and was
always curious about people and their
motives
 83. Berber history in North Africa is
extensive and diverse. Their ancient
ancestors originally settled in the area
just inland of the Mediterranean Sea to
the east of Egypt In actuality,
Berber is a generic name given to
numerous heterogeneous ethnic
groups that share similar cultural,
political and economic practices.
A) Only recently have they obtained
permission from the Moroccan
government to use their own language
in schools
85. When Biosphere 2 opened in 1991, it
B) There are more Berbers than Arabs in
most parts of Morocco
C) The Berber languages are distantly
related to the Semitic tongues, and
consist of the Tuareg and Kabyle
languages, among others
D) Many early Roman, Greek and
Phoenician colonial accounts mention
a group of people collectively known
as "Berbers" living in northern Africa
E) All of north Africa, east of Libya, was
once colonized by the French, and
their cultural influence can be felt in
the region even today
84. Herodotus recorded the first known
telepathy experiment when, in 550 BC,
King Croesus of Lydia challenged
seven famed oracles to tell his
messengers exactly what he had been
doing on a given day. Croesus
had been making lamb and turtle stew
in a bronze kettle. The tale's
authenticity may be questionable, and
Croesus's misinterpretation of the
oracle's advice eventually led to his
defeat - but as an experiment,
parapsychologists admit that it wasn't
bad.
A) Only the Pythia, the priestess of Apollo
at Delphi, answered correctly
58
B) Modern interest in thought
transference arose in late 18th-century
France
C) The term "telepathy" was coined by
Frederic Myers, a founder of the
Society for Psychical Research, in
1882
D) Lydia was located on the southwestern
coast of what is today known as Turkey
E) It has never been conclusively proved
whether telepathy exists or not
was intended to be a prototype space
colony. The eight biospherians - four
men and four women - who entered
the sealed greenhouse with 4,000 plant
and animal species, were supposed to
demonstrate how people might live in
self-sufficient communities
Mainstream scientists, on the other
hand, were skeptical - a situation
made worse by the original attempts to
run the scheme as a for-profit
operation, which meant that research
details would not be released.
A) Supporters said the simulated earth
ecology would offer rich pickings for
research
B) Recently, both China and the United
States have announced plans to send
manned missions to Mars
C) The project was named Biosphere 2
because the Earth itself was
considered to be Biosphere 1
D) Mankind has dreamed of going to
other planets for centuries
E) Of course it would be more difficult in a
Martian environment where the
atmosphere was so much thinner

86. Your best friend was about to get
married when she had a big argument
with her fiance and they called the
whole thing off. Now she feels
depressed and inadequate, so to
comfort her, you say to her:
A) You shouldn't have let him get away so
easily.
B) If I were you, I would phone him right
now and apologize before he finds a
new girlfriend.
C) It's better to find out now that you're
incompatible, rather than after you
were married.
D) You'll never find a guy that nice again.
E) He was probably your last chance;
you'll never get married now.
87. You are on a flight that has been
delayed for two hours due to bad
weather. You are supposed to make a
connection in Abu Dhabi, but you are
not sure that you will be in time, so
after the "Fasten Seatbelt" sign is
switched off, you approach the flight
attendant and say:
A) Were you expecting such a long
delay?
B) Will the airline deal with it if the
passengers miss their connecting
flight?
C) I have missed my connecting flight
from Abu Dhabi, and I don't know what
I'll do.
D) The Abu Dhabi airport is very
crowded, so I hope I won't be waiting
there long.
E) Can you radio ahead and find out the
time of the next flight for me?
88. A friend visits your house on a
Saturday afternoon, and while she is
looking through your collection of
CDs, she mentions a favourite CD that
she has recently been trying very hard,
but without success, to find. You tell
her that you have the CD she is talking
about and, wanting to be helpful, you
say:
A) I didn't know that our tastes in music
were the same.
B) Why don't you borrow it for a while and
record it onto a cassette?
C) If you found a job, you could afford to
buy it for yourself.
D) The last song on the album is my
favourite one. What's yours?
E) I would lend you this, but I love it so
much that I can't do without it even for
a few hours.
89. Your travel agent, promising you a
very pleasant vacation in a good hotel,
has actually booked you into a very,
run-down place that is full of
cockroaches, has terrible meals, and
lacks hot water. As soon as you get
back home from the vacation, you
furiously call the travel agent and say:
A) Could you please book us into a
different hotel next time, as there were
a few problems with this one?
B) I've always been terrified of
cockroaches, you know.
C) l demand to know why you told us
such obvious lies.
D) There wasn't any hot water there, but
at least the food was not bad.
E) I wouldn't call it the best vacation of
my life, but on the whole it was
satisfactory.
90. You go to the library for a book you
need for a project, and discover that it
has been taken out. Since you cannot
do the project without the book, you
say to the librarian:
A) Will I be thrown out of the library if I
don't whisper while I'm here?
B) Do you think I should try to change the
subject of my project?
C) Why did you take that book? You knew
I needed it!
D) What time do you close? 1 still have a
lot of studying to do.
E) I'd like to reserve this book for when it
is returned.
59

91. Neil:
- What is your favourite opera?
Marty:
- You must be joking. I've never
listened to an opera in my life.
Neil:
Marty:.
- There's no need to be rude just
because we have different tastes.
A) Really? I thought you were more
cultured than that.
B) Why don't I take you to one and see
how you like it?
C) You might enjoy it if you tried.
D) Well, mine is La Traviata, by Verdi.
E) Why don't you borrow some of my
CDs if you are interested?
92. Deirdre:
- The food at this restaurant is terrible,
isn't it?
Sam:
-I couldn't agree more. Why don't we
complain about it to the manager?
Deirdre:
Sam:
- Oh, come on! You shouldn't be so
passive all the time. Sometimes you've
got to take action if you want things to
change.
A) Isn't the manager here also the guy
who does the cooking?
B) I'd really rather not. It'd be so
embarrassing.
C) What's the name of that dish you're
eating?
D) I wish I had ordered the chicken rather
than the steak.
E) Alright, but you should let me do the
talking.
93. Jean:
- Do you know anything about
Australia's northern hairy-nosed
wombat?
Ralph:
60
Jean:
- Really? Why is that? Has their habitat
been destroyed?
Ralph:
- Yes. They all have to live in a national
park now.
A) Of course I do. They are creatures of
sedentary, nocturnal and antisocial
habits.
B) I wouldn't be much of a zoologist if I
didn't know, would I?
C) In fact, I do. There are only about 65
of them left.
D) Nothing at all. Perhaps you'd better
look in an encyclopaedia.
E) Isn't a wombat a baby kangaroo?
94. Ed:
- Where have you been? I've been
phoning and phoning you all
afternoon!
Jane:
- I've been out. Why didn't you call me
on my cellphone?
Ed:
Jane:
- I'll give it to you now.
did, but it was disconnected,
didn't know you had one.
can't stand the noise it makes,
don't have the number,
did, but you didn't answer.
95. Homer:
-1 hear that you're continuing your
education to PhD level.
Marge:
- That's right. It seems impossible to
get a decent job with anything less.
Homer:
Marge:
- I haven't decided yet, but I've still got
time.
A) And will you be able to get a good job
when you've finished?
B) I don't have a PhD, but I have a good
job.
C) I wish I had had such an opportunity
when I was your age.
D) When I was your age, a bachelor's
degree was good enough.
E) What is the topic of your thesis going
to be?
 99. (I) In the late 18th century, the English
jurist and scholar Sir William Jones was
stationed in India, where he noticed
similarities between the ancient Sanskrit
96. (I) The disease called progeria does not tongue and the Greek and Latin
actually reproduce the pattern of aging,
languages. (II) This gave him the idea
but an accelerated aging process does
typically occur. (II) The infant with that, perhaps, the three languages might
progeria appears normal at birth, but be related to one another. (Ill) He later
within a few years begins to look odd, discovered that Gothic, Old High German,
developing a relatively large head and a Old Norse, Old Persian and Celtic also
beaked nose. (Ill) More common showed similarities to these three
childhood diseases include the mumps, languages. (IV) The modern Celtic
the measles, chickenpox and rubella, languages include Irish, Scots Gaelic,
which is also known as German measles. Breton and Welsh. (V) Although Jones'
(IV) The skin becomes thin, hair is lost, studies never went much further than
accelerated atherosclerosis develops, and noticing such similarities, his insights
heart attacks become common by the age
established the basis for the eventual
of 10 or so. (V) As a result, the life span
of one stricken with the disease is often discovery of the Indo-European family of
no longer than 15 years. languages.
A) I B) II C) D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) D) IV E) V
100. (I) The Irish literary tradition is one of the
97. (I) Burt Rutan created a plane that
overcame one of flight's last great oldest still-surviving literary traditions in
the world. (II) Brian O'Nuallain, or
challenges: circling the globe without
stopping for refuelling. (II) Yet refuelling O'Nolan, was an outstanding 20th-century
during flight is still common for military Irish writer who wrote fluently in both the
English and Irish languages. (Ill) He was
planes. (Ill) The approximately 400
a man of great talent and an outrageous
kilogram Voyager, piloted by Burt's
sense of humour who had a liking for pen
brother Dick and Jeana Yaeger, carried
names. (IV) As Myles na gCopaleen, he
more than 3000 kilograms of fuel at
wrote brilliantly sardonic columns for the
takeoff in 1986. (IV) Funded mostly by
Irish Times newspaper from 1944 to
private donors, it took nearly six years to
1966. (V) Under the name of Flann
build, test and refine. (IV) The round-the-
world flight took 9 days. O'Brien, on the other hand, he published
several satirical novels, including two of
the 20th century's finest comic novels, At
A) I B) C) III D)IV E)V
Swim-Two-Birds and The Third
Policeman.
98. (I) The game of basketball was invented
by James Naismith. (II) Naismith was a A) I B) II C) D) IV E) V
Canadian physical education instructor
who invented the game in 1891 so that
his students could participate in sports
during the winter. (Ill) In his original game,
which he developed while at the
Springfield, Massachusetts YMCA,
Naismith used a soccer ball. (IV)
Basketball gained great popularity in
America, but elsewhere soccer remained
the most popular sport. (V) The ball was
thrown into peach baskets whose bottoms
were still intact.

A) I B) II C) D) IV E) V

GOOD LUCK
61
 BEDSIDE STORIES

IN THE HILLS
" "Oof," grunts Dilek. "How long does this hill last? We've been climbing for hours."
"Not... more ... than ... one hour," puffs Fatih under the weight of his huge backpack as he
checks his watch.
"Look, there are Norbu and Karshang waiting for us on a chautara," says Zeynep. "We can
have a rest." About a hundred metres ahead, they see their two friends sitting and chatting on a
stone wall which has been specially built for porters and trekkers by the trail. It has a seat just
the right height to rest a backpack or a traditional basket on, and the older ones have a tree for
shade as well.
They reach the resting place and gratefully take off their backpacks. "Don't worry," Norbu
tells them. "Soon we will reach the top of this hill, and go back down again."
"Going down can be just as hard as going up," complains Fatih. "It's just that you use
different muscles."
"You shouldn't have brought so much stuff." Zeynep telis him. "Stop complaining and look at
the view." It is truly glorious. Looking back the way they came is a terraced hillside of maturing
green rice plants, while to the northwest they can see several massive snow peaks.
The six young people are a contrast. Norbu has only a small cloth shoulder bag, the same
colour as his maroon robes. Karshang, who is going home, has only a satchel with some small
presents from the big city for his family. Dilek and Zeynep have been sensible with middle-sized
backpacks containing a couple changes of clothes. Dilek also has her guidebooks and a book on
Buddhism she has bought in Kathmandu, as well as the inevitable notebooks while Zeynep has
her sketchbooks. Their sleeping bags are rolled up and tied to the outside along with their
canteens. Alper completely forgot to pack and has little more than a sleeping bag, but Fatih is
weighted down under binoculars, several books about exploration of the Himalayas, a large first-
aid kit (including special snake-bite kit), clothes for several different kinds of climate, a small gas
camping stove, a gas camping lamp, a tent and several maps. He takes one of these out now
tries to find out where they are.
Karshang says something to Norbu, who translates. "He says we are two hours (three at the
speed you walk) from the village where we will spend the night. After that, it is two days over two
passes to his village. Why do you need a map?" They all laugh, and Fatih looks embarrassed.
"I just like to know where I am," he answers.
They are all glad that Norbu has been able to get permission to come along. The little abbot,
with a little advice from his guardian, thought it was a great idea for Norbu to help his Turkish
friends see some of the countryside, especially the area where the people who do such beautiful
painting come from, and he was also interested in what kind of temple they might have in the
village. -
"It is amazing that most of the people in this country live in places like this with no roads or
electricity," says Zeynep. "Maybe the scenery makes up for the inconvenience." It is, they have
been told, the most beautiful time of the year. With the monsoon just ended, the air is crisp and
clear. There are few clouds and the snow-capped Himalayas stand out against the bright blue
sky to the north.
"We'd better be on our way if we are going to get there by night," suggests Norbu, and they
all shoulder their packs and start off. Dilek is thoroughly enjoying herself. Trekking in the
mountains is tiring, but she consoles herself with the idea that all the exercise is taking kilos off

62
 her hips and thighs. She also gets to practice the little Nepali she has picked up with the
country people they meet along the way. All of them, even Alper, have picked up the ubiquitous*
greeting, "Namaste", but she is also able to ask simple questions like, "How far is the next
village?" and to understand whether it is uphill or downhill.
In about two and a half hours - half an hour more uphill, an hour downhill to a rushing river
which they cross by a primitive* suspension bridge, then another hour uphill - they reach a small
village just as it is getting dark. There are only about thirty houses, made of mud with thatch*
roofs, but several houses have people sitting under the roofs on the dried mud verandas in front,
drinking milky tea. One of the houses is differentiated from the others with the sign "Well Come
Lodge. Homely Comforts". They all put their bags down gratefully, and from the mud veranda are
treated to the sight of the snow peaks slowly slowly changing from orange to pink in the sunset.
"Do tourists come here?" asks Fatih, surprised and a little disappointed at the sign. "We
seem so far away from everything."
"There used to be a lot of foreign trekkers," answers Norbu after checking with Karshang.
"But nowadays many are frightened of the Maoists. Only a few come through every week." The
owner of the "lodge", a lady dressed in a red country sari with a necklace of green beads and a
big gold ring in her nose, folds her hands and says "Namaste".
"How much does it cost to stay here?" Dilek asks her in Nepali with a little help from Norbu."
"Nothing," is the answer. "You only pay for your food and tea. You sleep for free."
"And what is there for dinner?"
Karshang, Norbu and the landlady all laugh. "There is only one thing in the countryside: dal,
bhat, tarkari!" This they know from Kathmandu is rice, lentils and vegetable curry. "It will be 50
rupees each, a little more than in Kathmandu, but that is for all you can eat."
"About a million Turkish lira," says Fatih, calculating in his head,
"Bring it on!" says Alper. "I could eat a horse."
"I hope not. Lentils and cabbage will have to do." The landlady goes off to build a fire, and
soon brings them tea. Several young Nepalis a little older than themselves, dressed in cheap
Western clothes and ragged, but warm-looking jackets, get up from another tea shop and leave
the village after giving them a sidelong glance. Norbu and Karshang say something to each
other, but do not translate.
After about an hour the simple (but large) meal comes. They have learned in Kathmandu that
everything is eaten by only with the right hand, and at first they are so hungry that they burn their
fingers on the steaming rice. It is dark by now and getting cold, so they eat by the light of tiny oil
lamps, and they are amazed by how quickly the meal disappears. After dinner, though it is only
about 8 o'clock, there seems nothing to do but unroll their sleeping bags and go to bed.
"Charpi kahaa chha?" asks Dilek, in hopes that she will be understood as asking for the
toilet.
The landlady gives one of her rollicking laughs and with an expansive gesture answers,
"Sabhai charpi."
"Did I understand that correctly?" she reluctantly asks Norbu. "Everything is the toilet?"
"Well", he answers, "most Nepalis believe that dirty things should not be in the house. That's
what the fields are for. But it is easy this time of year. The rice paddies* are dry and the plants
are high!"
In the morning they are up with the dawn, (the girls want to get to the fields before it is light).
They roll up their sleeping bags and have a breakfast of tea and deep-fried bread. "Only two
more days walking," announces Norbu.
About two hours later, just as the sun is warming them up and they have worked out the
stiffness from the day before, they are called out to by two young men sitting on a resting wall.
Norbu and Karshang exchange glances. The young men are both wearing soft brim hats,
Western style shirts and trousers and running shoes. Dilek folds her hands and says "Namaste,"
but they don't reply. Then she looks down and notices that one has a sub-machine gun.
"Ask them what they want," she says to Norbu nervously. She now recognizes them as two
of the people who were in one of the tea shops the night before.
"Ask us yourself. I speak English," says the elder.
"Uh, what do you want?"
"Tax," he answers. "Or perhaps donation. For the revolution." They all stand open-mouthed
realising that they are face to face with the dreaded* Maoists.
"How much?" is all Dilek can think of to ask

63
 "One thousand rupees each." Then he looks at Dilek and Zeynep and smiles for the first
time. "Five hundred for girls."
"Hey, that's not fair!" says Alper, though Fatih kicks him. "We're just young people from
Turkey who have come to learn about your country."
The young man with the gun thinks for a moment, then smiles again. "Not Americans? Not
imperialists? All right. 750 for boys, 500-for girls."
"I think you should agree," says Norbu. Reluctantly they dig into their pockets for the money.
"A little over ten million Turkish lira," mutters Fatih. Then the man takes a pad out of his
pocket, and writes them a receipt.
"Peoples' Liberation Army Nepal, Central Command Division, Jyoti Memorial 1st Brigade," it
reads. It is printed in red and includes a flag with a hammer and sickle and the faces of Marx,
Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Mao. Beneath are the slogans "Unite, Workers of the World' and 'Long
Live Marxism-Leninism-Maoism and Prachandapath'." Then:
"Received with thanks from the sum of Rs as donation for the fight against
feudalism, American imperialism, expansionism and all types of reactionaries."
Emboldened by having bargained down the young fighters, Alper asks. "Why are you doing
this? What are you fighting for?" The Maoist puts away his pen and motions them to sit down.
"You see my friend here?" he asks. "She is 16 years old." They all look again and realise that
the delicate-looking boy is in fact a girl. "I was lucky and went to school in my village, was first in
my class, first in my district. But she did not have the chance. Not only was her family even
poorer than mine, but she was a girl. There was no time for her to go to school. She had to fetch
water, work in the fields, cook. Two of her sisters died because there was no clean drinking
water in the village, and when they got sick there was no health post. The money to provide
clean drinking water and medicine came as foreign aid, but was spent to make villas for corrupt
politicians in Kathmandu. When she was 13 her parents wanted her to get married, so she ran
away and joined us. We've taught her to read. And we have taught her why she is poor. It is as
our leader, Comrade Prachanda has taught us because of feudalism, imperialism and
reactionaryism! And she knows that only through a People's government will she ever be free."
"But you close down schools," objects Dilek.
"Only the private ones which the poorest cannot afford to attend."
"But sometimes they are the only ones!"
"Only when there is equal opportunity for all will the schools be reopened. And now, you had
better be on your way if you want to reach your village by nightfall." He shakes hands with each
of them, his manner friendly, and his companion folds her hands in "Namaste" then shakes
hands as well, smiling shyly.
For half an hour they walk along in silence, relieved and thoughtful. Then Alper takes out the
receipt. "It sure is a great souvenir, anyway," he says.
"You know," says Dilek thoughtfully. "Ever since we've been in Nepal we've heard about how
people don't like this king, and we've heard people complain about corruption and poverty. Now
we've met people who think they are doing something about it."
"Nearly 10,000 people have been killed in this war so far," Fatih reminds her. "Most of them
poor."
"I guess there is a lot we just don't understand," muses Dilek, and they continue on towards
Karshang's village.

GLOSSARY

ubiquitous (adj.) being or seeming to be everywhere at the same time

primitive (adj.) very old fashioned
thatch (noun) made of dried grass
paddy (noun) a wet field where rice is grow::
dreaded (adj.) feared

64
ELS 2004/7 TEST YOURSELF 1

1. E 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. E 9. D 10. B
11. E 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. E 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
21. B 22. E 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. E 29. C 30. D
31. A 32. E 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. E 38. B 39. D 40. D
41. A 42. C 43. E 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. B
51. C 52. D 53. E 54. E 55. A 56. A 57. B 58. E 59. C 60. A
61. D 62. B 63. C 64. D 65. E 66. B 67. A 68. D 69. D 70. C
71. E 72. B 73. A 74. D 75. E 76. E 77. C 78. D 79. E 80. E
81. B 82. D 83. C 84. A 85. D
ELS 2004/7 TEST YOURSELF 2
1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. E 6. B 7. A 8. E 9. B 10. D
11. C 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. E 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. E
21. C 22. E 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. E 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. E 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. C
41. B 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. D 47, A 48. E 49. B 50. C
51. E 52. D 53. E 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. C 59. E 60. B
61. D 62. A 63. B 64. E 65. E 66. A 67. C 68. D 69. D 70. E
71. D 72. E 73. C 74. D 75. D 76. B 77. E .78. A 79. A 80. D
81. B 82. C 83. B 84. B 85. A

ELS 2OO4/7 PRACTICE EXAM 2

1. E 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. E
11. D 12. B 13. A 14. E 15. E 16. C 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. C
21. A 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. E 29. C 30. B
31. B 32. E 33. E 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. E 40. D
41. C 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. E 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. E
51. E 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. E 58. D 59. A 60. C
61. B 62. B 63. A 64. C 65. C 66. B 67. D 68. A 69. D 70. A
71. E 72. C 73. A 74. C 75. B 76. E -77. B 78. A 79. E 80. B
81. D 82. E 83. D 84. A 85. A 86. C 87. B 88. B 89. C 90. E
91. A 92. B 93. C 94. D 95. E 96. C 97. B 98. D 99. D 100. A
 ELS 2004/7 ANSWER KEY
1. A BLOODY BUSINESS

A. 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.E 7.A 8.E 9.E 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.C
21.E 22.E 23.D
B. 1.had been working (was working) 2.hadn't noticed (didn't notice) S.talked 4.wouldn't have noticed 5.had been
sleeping (was sleeping) 6.had come (came) 7.was (is) 8.had still been (was still) 9.would still be 10.had had
(had) 11.had got (got) 12.could be (can be) 13.gave (gives) 14.had left (left) 15.thought 16.had been having
17.couldn't say 18.reckoned 19.had (had been) 20.to do 21.would do 22.supposed (supposes) 23.hadn't
(wasn't) 24.had walked 25.took (takes) 26.was leaving (is leaving) 27.had looked (looked) 28.looked (looks)
29.hoped (hopes) 30.had done (did)

2. SELECTIONS FROM WORLD LITERATURE

EDGAR ALLAN POE (1809-1849)

A. 1.D 2.C 3.E 4.B 5.E 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.C 16.E 17.D
B. 1.E 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
C. 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B

î. "THE CASK OF AMONTILLADO"

A. 1.A 2.E 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.E 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.E
B. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A
C. 1.B 2.A 3.D

4. CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW

1.C 2.D 3.E 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.E 9.E 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.D 17.C 18.D 19.C 20.A
21.E 22.C 23.C 24.E 25.D 26.B 27.A 28.D 29.C 30.A

5. LEARN THESE (PHRASAL VERBS)

A. 1.wrap up/have wrapped up 2.signed up for 3.cried out 4.got to S.fell through 6.ran up 7.held out
8.knock off 9.catch on lO.turns out/has turned out
B. 1.to extend 2.to finish S.enlisted 4.affected 5.screamed 6.understood
C. 1.marked down 2.get into 3.passed away 4.fell for 5.shot down 6.called upon 7.lived on 8.break in
9.pull down 10.lay back
D. 1.arrive at 2.to relax 3.survives 4.reduced S.appealed to 6.died

EXAMPLES FROM ÖYS/YDS

1.D 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.E 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.E 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.E 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.A

ELS 2004/7
ELS 2004/7 TEST YOUR PREPOSITIONS
1. B 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. E
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. E 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. E
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. E 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. E 30. B
31. E 32. E 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. E 39. B 40. E
41. D 42. A 43. A 44. E 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. E 50. B
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