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    Nuoi ong mật

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    HUONG DAN KY THUAT NUOI ONG MAT

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    37 views18 pages

    Huong Dan Ky Thuat Nuoi Ong Mat

    Uploaded by

    Nam Giang Trần
    Nuoi ong mật

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    BO NONG NGHIEP CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIETNAM VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON: ‘Die lip - Ty do - Hanh phiic cuctHUYy sé: 1m29ry-t¥CD 1a Ni, nga 07 thing 6 nim 2019 ‘Yigal wong ih ‘acti an age pha, Kinh ati + Che Chi eve Thi y ving; . = Chi cue Chin midi va Tha y cde tinh, than phé trye thude Trung won, + Trung tim Kiém tre v8 sinb tho y TUI va IL Can cit Cing vin s6 8689/BNN-KHCN ngiy 07/11/2018 eis BG Nong nghigp va Phat trién néng thén, Cye Thi y xy dumg Hiring dn ky thuat- Co so ‘nudi ong mt dim bio anton thye ph ‘Cue Thi y giti néu trén 161 cée don vi dé nghién citu, hung din ‘fe tb chit, cd nhdn c6 tién quan tham khdo thye hign. Ni dung chi tiét duge siti kim theo Céng vin nay. Céng vin nay thay thé Phy Iyc 01 ban hanh kém theo Céng vin sé S45/TY-TYCD rgiy 28/3/2019 oia Cue Thi vé vige huéng dan kj thuft wong Tinh ve thi y, an toan thye phim/. Noi nhin: Nb ten ‘Wy Khoa hoe Cbng ag vi Mai ung (8 86), ictwng (88 be) Hi abi Ong Viet ams ru: VI, TYCB, Neuydn Thu Thiiy Phy lye HUONG DAN KY THUAT Co si nudi ong mit dim bio an toa thy phim (Ban hanh kém theo Céng win sb 1029/TY-TYCD ngiy 76/2019 cia Cue Thy) 1. Bia diém nudi ong 1.1. Lye ehon dia diém attri ong ‘Trusc khi dit trai ong, chi/nhan vién eo si nuéi ong cin khio sit kP khu vue dy kién dit trai ong theo cdc tiéu chi sau: ~ Phii hop véi ving khai thée mét ong, phén hoa; an to’n cho ngui din sung quan kh se tras ~ Din diém Aft tai ong nén céch xa cdc trgi mui ong Khe (¢6 thidu OF km); trong vig khng o8 dich bénh ong trong khoing thoi gian 03 thing trade hi de musi ong; Céch xa bhu e&ng nghigp,khu ché bién sin phim chi mudi, bénh vin, tei cn nui gia sic, gia cm va xa b tng koh muong todt nade thi & néu trén hoe ede nguin gy & nhigm Khe. Trinh dt tr ong gin ede e086 ché bién mit mia, dung, bah keo, nade ngots = Trinh dt trp ong 6 Khu re mi nguda cung edp mat, phn hoa e6 nguy co 6 mhiém hoa chit bao vé thy vét; trong qua trinh mudi ong, khi phit ngudi din c6 sir dung héa chat bio vé thy vit cho cde logi cay tréng cho mat, phan hoa, nguéi nui ong phai thye hign di chuyén trai ong ngay trong ngay dé tein gay chét ong cing nh 6 nhiém hoa chat bao vé thie vét vio sin pham ca ong: _ = Bia hinh noi dt trai ong ein cao rio, sach s, thong mit vé mia he, dm 4p v8 mia déng; noi dit sri ong cin yén in, trénh xa ede noi én on ruimg hoe, ung, gino thing vi 6 thé gly phn xa bit loi cho ong hoge gay chin don ong dé bé t8, béc bay. 1.2, Cich dt thing ong = Thing ong nén k8 cao 30 - 40cm s0 véi mit dit dé ching ebc, nh in ‘ong vi c6 big phip chéng kin; ede thing ch nhaw it ht I 043m, = Thing ong nén duge dit dudi ede tin oly thinh hing hofe quan géc fly; khéng nén dj noi qua am wot; - Cita thing ong e6 thé quay v8 nhidu hung. Mita hé tinh hung Tay, mia dng trénh hugmg Bie. Pha tage era 16 quang ding, khdng bi che chin 2. Trang thi bi, dyng oy 241. Thimng, cd nudi ong = Thing nut, chu ong ge li ti vat ligu khong gly de hal ho one, sly 6 nhidm cho mft ong. Thing nt, ey ong tt nhltnén dupe lam bing gd Thing eé thé dupe som bén ngoai bing cde mu xanb, ting hoBe vang 42 ong dé nhén ra 18 va c6 tc dung bio vé thing han ché tée dng cia moi ‘ruéng tdi ste khde dn ong cing nh chit lugmg mét ong; khéng son phia bén ‘rong thing, 2.2, Dung cu chim séc, quiin If ong - Sir dyng dung cy nuéi ong duge lam bing céc chit liu an toin, khéng ‘fy déc hai cho ong, 6 nhiém cdc san phim ong; = Mang cho ong an nén sir dung méng lam bing inox hoe nba; ___~ Dao eit vit np duge lam bing thép méng khdng gi hofe inox ding 4 cle vitndp trén pain mét cia ban Khi quay mit; = Lui che mt ding dé bio vé nguéi mudi ong khi chim s6e, quan ly dan ong khong i ong d6t. Ludi che mt thudng lim bing man tuyn hode vai Judi khdu vio mt hoe nén 46; déu; ~ Cée dung ey khée duge cung cdp dy di phyc vu cho nudi or = Dung cy nuéi ong duge vé sinh thudmg xuyén trade va sau Khi sir dung; ‘bio quin noi khé ro, sach sé 2.3, Thiét bj quay mat = Thing quay m@t duge lam tir cde vAt liu khéng gi, khéng thim nuée, kkhdng thi nh ec chit dc hai vio mt ong, khdng gy mii le hay lim bin tong; phi hgp v6i sin xuft thyc phim; = BE mat nbiin, 48 vé sinh; + Sit dyng auée sach dB vé sinh sech s® thing quay mét true va sau khi str dung quay mat; _> Khéng sit dung di, m& céng nghigp 8 boi tron eéc bé phn truyén cchuyén dng; c6 thé sir dung dau/bo thyc vat dé thay thé dau, md céng nghigp; = Thing quny mit dhrge dy kin nip thing va van xa khi king st dung v8 urge bao quan tai noi khd réo, sach s8 trong lén tai 24, Dung cu loc mit Sir dung ding cy loc mét phi hop, an todn, duge vé sinh sach s8 rude va sau Khi sir dung. Cé thé ding vai man tuyn va gio Ipc dé loc sép va du tring ‘rong khi quay mit. 2.8, Dung ew chiea dung, bio quiin mgt - Sir dung dung ev dge lam tr cée vt ligu chic cn, an todn, phi hop ‘i chia dumg thye phim dé chia dymg va bdo quan mét ong; = Vé sinh sqch sé bén trong, bén ngoai dung cy chita dymg bing nude sach ‘rude va sau khi sr dung chia dmg mat ong; = Thudmg auyén d¥y kin nép dung cv chita dymg mét ong khi khéng sth ‘dung va urge bao quan igi noi khé réo, ach s8 trong lén trai; = Nhiimg dang cu di chia dmg hée chét thi khéng ti si dung d@ chia ume, bio quin mat ong. 3. Quan If din ong 3.1. Nhfp 2on gidng e6 ngun géc 18 ring tt c&e eo 80 tg ging c6 chit Iugng, an toan vé dich bénh; Trung hop co s6 nui ong ty t20 ging, cn phai nm ving phuong phép chon loc, quy trinh tao gidng; 3.2. Hing nim, co sé nudi ong can thiét lp ké hogch quin ly din ong theo théi vy khai thc mat, phn hoa, duéng ong; 3.3. Xay dung quy trinh nudi dudng phi hop véi timg gidng ong va thye hign theo quy trnh nub dong ong ____34. Xay dmg ké hoach phing va xt ly kip thd cée lpi bénh, dich ha 6: véi ce din ong: 3.5 Thidt lip hd so quan If din ong (ahi ky nubi ong) v6i dy ds ede thing tn v8 con gidng, nhan din, tinh hinh sir dang tite &n bd sung cho ong, phong,va tj bénh cho ong, di chuyén dan, sin Iugmg kha the, 36, Di chuyén din ong de nhdt ci chuyén ong vio b ong vé hit; - True ki chuyéin phai ién hinh ed dinh edu ong dim bio clu ong khong bi roi, v@ trong qué trinh vén chuyén, Nén vin chuyén vo ban dém d& ‘ong vé het 8 va hig 6 thich hop, _- Bi véi rhimg din ong c6 mhitu mit, cin quay bat mat tude ki vn chuyén trinh ong bi v8 bnh t chét ong chia va ong tho; - Sip xép thing ong sao cho eée khang edu song song véi chitu i cia xe; tg0 khoing efch, khe hé tir 5-Sem gitta ede lop thing, day thimg ong dé lim ‘mat trong qué trinh vn chuyén; nhting dan ong nhé hon e6 thé dit vio gitta; ___~ Trong qu tinh vén chuyén nén mé cia s6 thing ong 8 ong khong bi chit ngat va ching néng. Néu bi ning néng, dimg xe lau phit pun nude Ten ce thing ong 48 'im mat cho ong 4. Nu sr dlgng trong nut ong va thir dn bé sung cho ong 4.1. Nude sit dung trong musi ong ___~ Sit dung ngun nude sgch, an toin ding 48 nudi ong, vé sinh dung ev, thiét bi trong mu6. ong, tht bi quay mit, dng eu chia éimg mit ong. Doi voi hong ving khng c6 héthéng cung ep rd spc, co 8 e3 th lay mu nue ‘i xét nghiém, dic bigt Abi voi hig kha vue 8 nguy co 6 nhiém; - it khey nude trong thing ong nhig ngiy qui kh nding (ic big a hing noi cé gié Lao); + Thuring xuyén kiém ta, thay mute trong chiming dmg nade dt rong srg ong dim bioan toin cho ong vi chat luong mit ong 4.2, Thite dn bé sung cho ong 2) Tho kj cho ong dn tie tin bS sung - Vio cfc th diém thigu nguén cung efp mit cho ong, ngudi mudi ong nén cho ong in gm thie dn bo sung dé dong ong; = Trong qué trinh mab ong, edng o6 thé cho ong an thie dn b& sung, ty theo mie edcbign phip ky thudt nh igo ong chia, xay tdi tr] bent hose ‘ning eto ste Khe ea din ong; ~ Thoi diém thu phn, cho ong in b3 sung phin hoa nguyén chit c6 chit Jagng tt tn vei mst ong d8 cung cp dam va vitamin cho dn ong; o6 thé bb sung thém vitamin C VB) ..ling ste d Khang cho ong. by Sit dung thie in b sung cho ong o6 nguin ge nut xr 16 ring ei ‘thanh phin va him Iugng; khéng géy tin du kim logi ning, thuée khang sinh, aflatoxin, thude bao vé thy vat va céc logi ché trong sin phim ong; ¢) The & te tra cin dém bio cin dBi thinh phn dinh dung phi hop véi time giai dom phittrién ci din on 4) Traing hgp cho ong an dung, mit khai thie trong thd kj nay cin hii 8 ring big €8 cung cp cho cfc ca sd ché bin thuc pham (sin xu banh, go, muse ng, ..),khng dra vao ec co sé chébidn mat ong 5. Quiin ly site khée, dich bénh cho ong 5.1. Cle eo si mudi ong lip ké hoach phing tir dich bénh cho din ong ph hap wi ec giai dogn phat rtm cin ong, Gu kin kh hau, diéu ign ngun tang chp te taco ong ____ 5.2. Thye hin cic bign phép bio v6 sie kde dan ong trade ede din bién ‘bit loi cia th dt nhurchéng ndng, rt. a) Chéng néng cho ong DB chéng ring néng tt cho in ong cin chi ‘Thing ong khéng nén ding loai vin hofe vit ligu qui méng. Vin ding thing nén xp _ ‘chidu day tir 15 - 20mm; = Thing ong khsng nén o6 ede khe hi & diy, thin thing; ma nén e6 oie s6 6 phia héi sau dé thu tign cho khong khi néng thost ra bing di ew; = Thing ong khng nn dt thus; hung Nem, Ding Nam, tri hung Tay; , ign ahi khong di 18 = Dak ong quay hud = Nén di bong dé bing matt nhign ci ong én nén be tng, khng At st tong hung Tay, = Ding méi nia, 1s, tim bat dé che ning; mai che cao céch nip thing tdi thiéu 20cm, Tréah phd tre tiép vat chéng néng Ién nép thing va khéng nén ding ni long, gidy du d8 che nip thing; = Dit khay nude trong thing ong nhimg ngiy qué Kho néng (ge bigt 1A nhitng noi c6 gié Lao). ) Ching rét cho ong. Vige chéng rét cho ong trong nhing th te “chéng rét bén trong din ong Ia chi chi trong céc khéu chit yéu sau day: ~Trude mia rét, digu chinh efe din ong, khéng dé c6 céc din yéus thay ht edc chia kém; Cho an diy di dé c6 mat vit nép, néu thiéu phiin kéo dai cho ong in ‘hop phin hoa va bét déu tuong;, hi can thigt phat kidm tra hoe xir I ky thuét thi phai lam nanh gon, 16i da vige mé thing ong; ~ Trish djt ong noi long gié nu huémg Béc, Bing Bie; Bit kin céc khe hé cia thing, déng cia sé, Nhimg ngay qua lanh déng cita ra vao khdng cho ong di lam (chi ¥théng gié cho nhimg thing qué kin); Ding ni Jing hay bao tdi, phén 14 phi, che kin thing ong 48 gi6 Iynh ing tia vio din ons -Ding tip xép hote beo ti, pify & kin bén wong thing. Chi tng ngly dm, e6 ning cn bé ede vat chong rét ra phoi dé trinh dm mée. Ding xép 8 ching rét cho ong rdt o6 higu qué; chi ¥ trinh 48 ong cin pha xép bing céch thém mot véch ngin vao gitta phin xOp va banh té. ¢) Thue hin efc bign php Khe bio vé sire khée din ong tnude cde din bign bit thuemg cia thr tét nhu ma, bio, 5.3. Thung xuyén kiém tra tinh trang site khée va tinh hinh dich bah ca din ong; kip thoi phat hign khi ong bj binh tuyén nhiém nguy hiém, thong bbéo cho nn viénico quan thi y gin nhit d8 kiém ta, xée dinh bénh vi chi dinh bign phap diéu tr), xit ly 6i voi dan ong bj bénh. 5.4, Sit dung eée ogi thuée thi y digu tj bénh cho ong duge phép lou hhinh tai Viet Nam theo chi dinh cba nhin vignico quan thi y 48 phong, ti bénh cho ong. + Nén sit dung céc logi thio duge, ché phém vi sinh vét dé phong, tri bénh an ch sir ung ha duge, chat khang sinh dé diéu tri benh cho ong. 5.5. Khi sirdung thube dé phong, tj bénh cho ong phai twin theo ding chi inh phi tén nha thube vi hung dn cba nha sin xuit hoe nhn vign thi y; lap sé theo dai, ghi chép tinh hinh dich bénh va vige sit dung thuée 48 phong tr bénh cho din ong, ah phai theo nguyén chong rét t6t cho din ong, cin them. hhan cl cho ot 5.6. Khong khai théc mét ong va eéc sin phim ong khéc trong thdi gian ong bj bénh hoe dang str dyng thuée dia tr bénh, Mit ong va sin phim ong trong thai gian cng bj bénh hodc dang sir dung thude diéu tr) bénh duge xir ly theo quy inh 5.7. Khi phic higm din ong o6 dich bah truydn ahi nguy hiém e6 nguy co ly lan nha gay thet hai lm, ede bénh do vi rit (khng 6 thude dig tr), tuyt dBi khng ste dung khing sinh d8 itu tr che téu hy bing edch ot ci din ong cing sém, cing tt. Thing, edu ong phi duge x I kh tring tiéu de tase hi ti sr dang. 6. Quin Iyehdt tit vi bio vf mai trudmg 6.1 Ch thai trong nuéi ong bao gbm chit thi rin (thing ong loi, clu ong lai sip vun loi tha, xe ong, ede vt tr nudi ong kh bi log thi vi chit thai sink hog trong qué tinh mudi ong) va cit thi ling (lame thai sinh host, nude ra thing ong va dung ey nudi ong), 6.2. Chit thi in pha dug tha gom hing ngiy va vin chuyén dé noi tip trun dé xirly, tinh gay 6 nhigm méi tng xung quanh cng nh nguy co gay nhiém vio sin phim ong, 63. Chét thai ling khong dige thai me tip 1a ngudn nude ngoi moi wnuing,| 7. Kiém soit cn tring va dong vit gay hai ‘Thutre xuyén kiém tra vi 6 bign php kiém sodt cén tring, ding vt va cdc lai ong hoang di dé lim giim nguy oo dain ong nui bj tin dng, phi hhogi vi nguy ea Hi lan dich bénh cho ong nudi. 72. Kiém soit c6n tring 8) Siu in sip (stu phd bin 8) - Thug »uyén vé sinh day thing sgch s€ quét sach sp van, lui méo, va cao k¥ cdc Ihe thing dé diét trimg siu; - Thu hep cizat8, bit kin edie khe hi cia thing ong; = Cc edu bénh 8, s4p vun loai ra cin nu sép ngay khéng dé lum trong = Ting chin chua ding, sip méi ndu phii géi kin bing nylon hode polyetylen. ‘b) Ong ba ve = Sir dung bign phap thi cong nhu ding vot, ch6i bing cubag ld ia, co dp chéttimg con ong tude cia 1 1 bign php o6 higu qua; = Tim cdc t8 ong bd vé trén cdc céy & khu vue xung quanh trai dé ong vito ban dém; - Ding bly b bing muse hoa qua dit trong thing khdng,e6 hom é ia 18 8 ong bd v8 vio mg Khong ra dug; ‘¢) Chudn chudn = Ding nhva mit, keo dinh gin vio que nh 6é dinh chun chun to Kh ching du trén coc; Khdng nn to chia va thay vio mia nhigu chudn chudn 4) Nea dda lau Bit kin cdc khe hé thing, thu hep cita té chi cho ong chui ra chui vio. 4) Rubi ky sinh (Senotainia sp) ___= Xie nip thing ong bing dét nhimng ong bj chét, )Kién = Don sach ¢8 va cay vio eéc chin coc ké thing ong, fruémg hyp trong trai ong c6 nhiéu t6 kién thi tim ede 16 kién va ding nade tinh bgt 1% chia 0,5% elorofooe, ‘hd trong tai ong, buge gié tim du may thai tr mia pha bi as = Han ché ding cdc logi thude dé digt kién, chi nén phun thude dang bot hog bét dm vio hic ong khéng di lam va phai céch xa thing ong dé an ton cho ong; Tim nhing 8 kin véng tén ed ely in qui, cy a8 8 teu dit Kb 7.3. Kiém soét dong vat gay hai 4) Chim in ong - Neoai ong ra chim edn in nbigu shu hai khdc nén ngudi ta khéng coi ching 1 loti 6 hai. Vi vay cn thin trong khi ding ede bién phap tidy dit ching hay ludi, biy; ._ 7 Sit dung céc hinh ndm hoie ee cay sio c6 gin dai nylon, vai 8 xua dui chims ___=Khi chim qué nbiu thi bign phép tét nit 1 di chuyén trai ong dén da idm mei, cich xa ving 46. 8) Céo, nha. ~K@ thing cao rén mit 4 30 - 40cm a8 cée khong bit duge ong: - Ban dém shit i nhimg dm maa ri soi dn pin inh c6c 181 chan vio mth, lim vai dém lign tye nh Vay s gm s6 lugng oe, nhl 7.4. Mat 6 oa dich ike cia ong nui 2) Mot s6 lea dich hai kde ea ong mudi nhur thin ln, thach sing, nhén, ) Thin ln thing nam tren eta 8 8 bit ong; thach sing hui vao trong thiing ong bit ong, di khi bit ci ong chia gay thigt ai cho din, Thuimg xuyén im tra thing eng va cde khu ve xung quanh noi dit thing ong d@ xua dusi, vigw cit thin lin, thach sing. ©) Nnn thang ging to made cia thing ong bit ong. Don sych o6 tbe thing ong, digt nhén xung quanh khu vue dt thing one. <4) Néu bi mei tin cing thing ong, cin thay eg, dBi vi tithing tu digt hétmbi trong thing. 8. Khai thie mt (quay mit) 8.1, Chon noi khé réo, sach s8, riéng biét véi khu vue dat thing ong dé Jam noi quay ma: ong: 8.2. Trade ki quay mét, the hign vé sinh sch s€ noi quay mit; ti bat nga hoe nylon du hit bj quay mat dé ngdn nar, han ché ng’ 8 nhiém vi khuin Clostridium hnéa hoc khée th nén dat, 8.3. Tring hop cin ti, sit dung miw/ming 48 quty quanh noi deh quay mt dé nen nga cén ting, ding vit gay hai hode 6 nhiém cdc yéut6 vat ly, héa hoc khdc tir bén ngoai; 84. Mittin dung cy chia dymg mit tr thing quay mét dit céch mat dt 16 thidu 200m; 8.5. Nén sit dung dung cy loc thd a8 loc mat tr thiét bj quay mét xubng dung cw chita dmg hode trude Khi cho mét vio dung ey chia dimg 4 bio qui. 9. Bio quin va vn chuyén mgt ong 9.1. Mit ong sau khi khai thie duge bio quan trong cée ean nhira, phuy duge diy kin; ‘Tai tig thoi diém quay mit, efe dung cu chita ding mt ong en duge

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