Types of Operating Systems (OS) (05) jen An operating system Bereving system is a well-organized collection of 7 ‘on of programs that m pt nih nage ter hardware. It's a type of system software that is responsible for the eae ee ua smooth functioning of the Types of Operating Sysiem Seen TC a) reise) Ch aree) Operating (System: Ci) Programming) PEC resi) ‘System Simple Batch Operating System Batch Operating System In the 1970s, Batch processing was very popular. n this technique, similar types of jobs were batched together and executed in time, People were used to having a single computer which was called a mainframe. In Batch operating system, access is given to more than one person; they submit their respective Jobs to the system for the execution. The system put all of the jobs in a queue on the basis of first come first serve and then executes the Jobs one by one. The users collect their respective output when all the jobs get executed, SSS SSSR respective ottput when all the je & scanned with OKEN Scannersane Types of Operating Systems (05) -javatpont Gatch Jobs Csi a <————————__> UF 3 Monitor Operating System The purpose of this operating system was mainly to transfer control from one job to another as soon as the job was complete ined a small set of programs called the resident monitor that always resided in one part of the main memory, The remaining part is used for servicing jobs. TBS gles NTN LT Monitor Aish j eerste) <~ Boundary Figure: Memory Layout of the resident monitor & scanned with OKEN ScannerAdvantages of Batch OS of 9 resent monitor improves computer efficiency as it eliminates CPU time jeen two jobs O:sadvantages of Batch OS 1, Starvation Batch processing suffers from starvation, For Example: Selection of the job for execution Job 4 Job 2 vob 3 Job n Operating System Job Queue There are five jobs J2, 12, J8, 14, and JS, present in the batch. I the execution time of J1is very high, then the other four jobs will never be executed, or they will have to wait for a very long time. Hence the other processes get starved. Batch Processing is not suitable for jobs that are dependent on the user’ input of two numbers from the console, put. Ifa job requires the certon the wser's input. If a job then it will never get it in the batch processing scenario Multiprogramming Operating System © Multiprogramming is an extension to batch processing" ohare fre cpu 1% abioug leapt bay GaetyProcess needs two types of system time: CPU time and 10 & scanned with OKEN Scannerenvironment, when a process does its 1/0, The CPU can start the execution relore, multiprogramming improves the efficiency of the system. Main Memory Chee Sau) é Writing ‘output data Geico (Walking foncPU)) (@ Execution in Progress Secondary Disk Storage CPU) Jobs in multiprogramming system Advantages of Multiprogramming OS © Throughout the system, it increased as the CPU always had one program to execute. ‘©. Response time can also be reduced. Disadvantages of Multiprogramming OS © Multiprogramming systems provide an environmer Pr Cesc VOArOES sytives Gases cove used efficiently, but they do not provide any user inleweChory colts To Compal S\stew tps ten javatpointcomypesohopeatng ystems, sie & scanned with OKEN ScannerType penn Bytes 1 pt Multiprocessing Operating system | [loiabide0 Cpeohiop Sipe ¢ .sing, Parallel computing is adhieved. There are mote than one processors preset in 2 which can execute more than one process at the same tine Th yall increase: the sreuighput of the system cpur < >a ave > pur vo 7) ese eevee Processor * processor | | Yo Units {Yo Units Working of Multiprocessor System In Multiprocessing, Parallel computing is achieved. More than one processor present in the system can execute more than one process simultaneously, which will increase the throughput of the system. Types of Multiprocessing systems Asymmetric multiprocessing operating system Symmetrical multiprocessing operating system ‘Advantages of Multiprocessing operating system: © «© Increased reliability: Due to the multiprocessing seen Pwceesstpp taslee Oke ditily-xt among several processors. This increases reliability os if ont pro 5 foi la, fealccon ‘be given to another processor for completion. «@- Increased throughout: As several procesorsincrepac, MLB LOoME Comm & olor in (ue Disadvantages of Multiprocessing operating System + es nun bron cme bapa tems & scanned with OKEN Scannerany Types of Operating Systoms (05) -Javapont © Multiprocessing operating system is more complex and sophisticated as it takes care of multiple CPUs simultaneously. Multitasking Operating System Wo coriae Cohaerin Spice) multiple programs simultaneously It same time. & scanned with OKEN Scannerpo Typo Operating Types of Multitasking ® bynes [ Cooperative Multitasking ; Preemptive vititasking Advantages of Multitasking operating system «5. This operating system is more sulted to supporting multiple users simultaneously © The multitasking operating systems have well-defined memory management Disadvantages of Multitasking operating system © The multiple processors are busier atthe same time to complete any task in a multitasking ‘environment, so the CPU generates more heat. Network Operating System x ‘Administrator panel Agent. ® ‘Agent Network Operating Systems os hun ovate comps operat ystems os & scanned with OKEN Scanner‘Types of Operating Systems (OS) - ja fcperating system, which includes software and associated protocols to communicate with other Pps via a network conveniently and cost-effectively, is called Network Operating System. Types of Network Operating System Coles iaciesy 1 aa) Advantages of Network Operating System © In this type of operating system, network trafic reduces due to the division between clients and the server. © This type of system is less expensive to set up and maintain Disadvantages of Network Operating System | © Inthis type of operating system, the failure of any node in a system affects the whole system. © Security and performance required for network administration. are important issues, So trained network administrators are Real Time Operating System In Real-Time Syste carries a certain deadline within which the job is supposed to be completed, otherwise, the huge loss will be there, or even if the result is produced, it will be completely useless. & scanned with OKEN Scanner1 ime Operating system (RTOS } resource management Application of « Real-Time system exist inthe case of military applications {you viant to drop the missile fs supposed to be dropped with a certain P then necision. amiss Types of Real Time Operating ‘system Firm Real-Time J Hard Real-Time Operating System operating System Soft Real-Time ‘operating System Advantages of Real-time operating system: © Easy to layout, develop and execute real-time applications under the real-time operating system, MOOSE guslene «Ina Real-time operating system, the maximum utlizeeKOn' SP" Cio yiiecs Disadvantages of Real-time operating syste! re very costly to devel. P. pSuHe crits. Co CHC UL - © Real-time operating systems ar © Real-time operating systems are very complex and Co} tps avatpoint convtypes-oF- operating ystems & scanned with OKEN Scanner“ ot Operating Systems (09) - pratt ,ime-Sharing Operating System the Time Sharing operating system, computer resources are allocated in a Une dependent imultaneously. Thus it helps to provide a large number of user's direct the CPy nai computer Its a logical extension of multiprogramming, In time-sharing, 1 among multiple programs aiven by different users on a scheduled basis Userl “> xX users “~{} Users UserS Timesharing in case of 8 users A time-sharing operating system allows many users to be served simultaneously, so sophisticated CPU scheduling schemes and Input/output management are required, Time-sharing operating systems are very difficult and expensive to build, Advantages of Time Sharing Operating System © The time-sharing operating system provides effective utilization and sharing of resources. © This system reduces CPU idle and response time. Disadvantages of Time Sharing Operating System | r aqACnody © ©. Data transmission rates are very high in comparison Spor“tst Mots —TA\ i © Secuiy and itegty of user prosramsloadedinmaMiery anc dota nel re) be wohnhind) | Gy many users access the system at the same time. & scanned with OKEN Scanner7 {Types of Operating Systems (OS) -javatpoint \ Jistributed Operating System led than Network operating systems because they also have CP - Communication Processors A Typical View of a Distributed System Advantages of Distributed Operating System ‘©. The distributed operating system provides sharing of resources. © This type of system is fault-tolerant. Disadvantages of Distributed Operating System © Protocol overhead can dominate computation cost, aloe oe oe & scanned with OKEN Scanner