rs) Understanding the Industry the onl person you are destined to become is the Person you decide t eto be. — Ralph Waldo Emerson warming Up Do you have any companies or organisations in mind when think of @ career? mn Name a few popular employers from across the world? How would you survive the first few days of your career? 5,1 Introduction Before targeting an industry, or a career, it would be ideal if you gather information on the employers and their reputation. International magazines and websites publish annual rank lists of reputed firms in different fields and their position as employers using different parameters. It is now possible to know the reputation, ranking and status of the company you are planning to work for or targeting. Gearing up for a career also involves, among other things, understanding the fundamentals of the industry in general. That is, it is ideal if you can learn the language of your profession, the basics of professionalism, and the skills to survive in the job well before you become an employee of a firm. These skills will definitely enhance your career growth opportunities and longevity in the field. This Unit will introduce you to the best employers of the world, Fortune 500 companies, essential business vocabulary, strategies to Survive in the job and industry, major industries and brands, ethics and code of conduct at the workplace, and the importance of staying Televant, 117f Best Employers 5.2 Ranking © very job see! It is natural for € or workplace where tl ker to wish to get into a compa neir needs and aspirations are aa care by foyer is one Who considers not only the employees Lets Moy nribution to the development of the company, bat also their interest in the overall welfare and Progress of thei, employees. Many websites and international magazines have been bringing out the ranking of the best employers from across the world over the past several years. A popular ranking among them is by Forbes magazine. Forbes has published in their website nk list of 500 companies from all ove, s://www.forbes.com) aral reputation as employers. According to their the world based on their jor recent ranking, the first 25 positions are secured by the following companies: Rank | Company Industry Country 1 . United Alphabet Computer Services | grates 2 Microsoft Software & United a Programming States 3 Japan Exchange . Group Investment Services | Japan 4 United Ay pple Computer Hardware | crates | 5 Oil & Gas United Nobl loble Energy Operations States 6 i Auto & Truck Daiml os Manufacturers Ce 7 Williams Oil Services & United Equipment States e United IBM ‘ Computer Services | ctates 9 Investor AB Investment Services | Sweden 10 LG Corp Household South Kore Appliances 1 | Pentair Other Industrial | United Equipment Kingdom 118 oF |12 | Northern Trust| Regional Banks United ‘3 _| Siemens Conglomerates ee en rometates i | 14 | Celgene Biotechs His _ | Volkswagen Auto & Truck Group Manufacturers lo _| Kasikornbank Regional Banks 5 Communication: 7 te s 1 Cisco Systems Equipment 18 Ayala Conglomerates Philippines 19 Enel Electric Utilities Italy 20 Luxottica Group _| Specialty Stores Italy 21 | Porsche Auto & Truck Automobil Germany Holding Manufacturers 22 ‘| Continental Oil & Gas United Resources Operations States B BDO Unibank Regional Banks Philippines 4 = Auto & Truck Eran Manufacturers Italy 25 | Valeo Auto & Truck Parts | France Source: https://www.forbes.com The framework followed in ranking may vary from one magazine to another. Therefore, you need not take the ranks seriously. However, if a company has found a place in the list, it may be because of the international reputation the company is enjoying. There are also sites that give a national level list of companies that are known for their employer friendliness. Here is the rank list of the first 10 best companies in India brought out by Economic Times in 2020: |. Reliance Industries Ltd. 2 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Oil And Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. ae 119State Bank of India 4. 5, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. 6. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. 7. Tata Motors Ltd. 8. Rajesh Exports Ltd. 9. Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. 10. ICICI Bank Ltd. 5.3 Fortune 500 Companies There is a very popular ranking of companies in the United States based on the total revenue received in a fiscal year, carried out every year by Fortune magazine since 1951. You can visit the magazine’s website (http://fortune.com/fortuneS00/list/) for the full list. Apart from the full list, there are separate lists in the same magazine based on different criteria. For instance, in the recent list of the biggest employers in America, Walmart tops the list with 2300000 employees. Wikipedia, the free online encyclopaedia also came out witha list of the world’s largest employers. The list also has Walmart on top of private companies. In the list that included non-corporate employers, the United States Department of Defence is ranked as the largest employer in the world, with 3.2 million employees. The People's Liberation Army of China and Walmart occupy the second and third positions, respectively. Indian Railways and Indian Armed Forces are given eighth and ninth ranks respectively in the same list. Here is the Wikipedia list of ten public and semi-publi companies with the largest number of employees: Rank | Employer Country Employees } ‘Walmart United States | 2,300,000 China National 2 | Petroleum China 1,512,048 3 China Post Group China 941,211 120China hesesllcoaaens 926.067 ‘ Industry Taiwan 726,772 TT 6 Sinopec Group China 713,288 7 Volkswagen Germany 626,715 pp United States Postal s Service United States $74,349 9 | Amazon.com United States | 541,900 | United | Ce s Gr : 527,180 10 ‘ommpass CTOUD Kingdom | Source: https: en. wikipedia.org wiki List_of largest_employers 54 Industries and Brands Almost all of you are familiar with the brand names given below. Bat do you know which industry they are part of? Match the brand ames in column A with their industry in column B. Brand Name (Column A) | Industry (Column B) | 1. Oyo a) Food Processing q 2. Coca-Cola b) Automobile 10 3. Boeing c) Pharmaceutical 4 4. Raymond d) Travel and Tourism 4 5. Marlboro __¢) Apparel 6. ESPN | f) Tobacco Ss 7. Cox & King |g) Textile k 5. Cipla h) Airline 3 §. Britannia i) Hospitality | 10. Toyora j) Beverages 2 1. Nike ky Media ee to looking for a career, it is important to develop a broad ness of various industries available around you. For instance, 121 pe"| if you know the best hotels in Chennai, it is an indication th are aware of the major players in the Hospitality Industry whoo their presence in Chennai. Likewise, if you are an automan enthusiast, you will casily identify names like BMW, Benz, Pa Volkswagen, Hyundai and Chevrolet. ( Each industry has its subfields as well. For example, the Meg and Entertainment Industry has such subsections as Motion Picty la Exhibitors, Motion Picture and Recording Producers, Newspaper, Books, and Periodicals, Performing Arts, Radio, Televisin: Broadcasting and so on. In each segment, a few brands are bea known. It is essential for you to be aware of the major brands in the industry you are preparing to join. Classroom Activity - 26 1. Identify the Industry of the following popular brands. Apple Airbus Nike Porsche Microsoft Coca-Cola J.P.Morgan Visa Accenture IBM eBay Verizon Caterpillar Amazon Citi Levi's 2. Work in pairs and identify the Brands from the logos given below: 5.5 Surviving in Your Job 122 |The first few days on a new job are really crue rts, the first 90 days are your honeymoon period i According to way you conduct yourself during this period will pid job, and our survival in the job. This period is to be used ribs an impact your organisation functions. 10 understand ex the Way That is, the initial days can be use ses taking place in the firm. Some i eae the the people you work with, and your position in the hierarchy of Je in the workplace. While you try to know the people, th on intum try to know you. It is at this stage that you are letting eee understand your character and potential. It is therefore clear that if you can create your influence during the first 90 days, you will have a smooth sail throughout your stay inthe organisation. Read the Following Experience shared by Ian Callum and find cut the strategies to survive in a workplace in the first 90 days. My attitude was to look, learn and to understand the people Iwas working with. That's fine, but my one big mistake was not trying to make a change within the first three months. I was a little too subservient. In retrospect, I should have been a bit bolder. In that crucial honeymoon period, there's room to make a change if you're confident enough in what you do. There's an opportunity to do it, but I couldn't do it. [wish I had been alittle more confident. Of course, walking into a new, job of that size is complicated, but if knew then what I know now I'd have done things differently. A great move I made was to give my team of designers @ Project, so I could assess how they behaved within that Project. Not just the results, but how they behaved. sid behavioural side is very important. Right at the start, | wanted to separate the ‘talkers’ and the ‘doers’ because 1" the long term the ‘doers’ are going to serve you best. I's interesting how much you learn from giving a cat fe small task that forces them all on to 4 evel playing field. ! this case, it vans designing a model car and I could tell quite 123| quickly what the skills were of a certain individual, hi '» Which was incredibly useful to me 1 also didn't want to say too much about my view on where I was going to take Jaguar Design, but I approached the team, gave them a little bit of insight about me and enough insight about my experience to give them confidence in me and my attitude. You have to give your team a sense of confidence because you're part of the team. They're part of your journey as well as you being part of theirs. - By Ian Callum Source: _https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/secret-surviving- first-90-days-your-new-job-ian-callum/ 5.5.1. Tips for Survival in a New Job + Be punctual to work. Avoid embarrassing situations for yourself by starting early for work. = Try to understand the process, people, and the politics in the organisation, and act accordingly. = Use every opportunity to acquire knowledge. Let everyday give you newer learning experiences from your workplace. + Be pleasant and listen to people carefully. Create and express your own point of view, but respect other’s views. = Take the initiative to bring in fresh ideas and projects for your organisation. * Do something on a daily basis to improve your basic skills. For example, you can cultivate the habit of reading oF listening to the speeches of industry leaders and motivators It would broaden your ideas, and give you a new energy for creative and critical thinking. = Watch yourself. You are the first evaluator to evaluate yourself, you need to be watchful of where are treading. Understand the activities for which you a most of your time, and see if they are worth spending ¢ much time. * Be systematic in your activities. * Do not make a mess of your cubicle or work table 124 of yourself, and youvy Re fature-ready. You have to be capable of Anticipating the future changes in your industry and prepare yourself for the same, Be transparent in your dealings. Corruption of any kind is morally demeaning, It will kill your self-respect and interest in pursuing your passions in your career. Monthly pay packets should not be your sole reason to work. Being overly self-conscious and relating everything to the ‘benefits’ you expect, will deviate you from your career ambitions. 56, Code of Conduct The organisation that selects you has its code of conduct. It is sential to understand the code and act accordingly. Here are a few samples of the code of conduct followed in reputed organisations. i) Extracts from Google’s Code of Conduct: I Serve Our Users Our users value Google not only because we deliver great products and services, but because we hold ourselves to a higher standard in how we treat users and operate more generally. Keeping the following principles in mind will help us to maintain 1S 1g ‘P that high standard: 1. Integrity Our reputation as a company that our users can trust is our most valuable asset, and it is up to all of us to make sure that We continually earn that trust. All of our communications and other interactions with our users should increase their trust in us, * Usefulness a Products, features, and services should make Google tian useful for all our users. We have many different types of ris » fr ay individuals to large businesses, but one guiding ciple: “Is what we are offering useful?” Security, and Freedom of Expression ae remember that we are asking users to trust us with Personal information. Preserving that trust requires that | 125 "vacy,each of us respect and protect the privacy and security of thy a information. Our security procedures strictly limit access 1g and use of users’ personal information and require that each of us take measures to protect user data from unauthorized access. Know your responsibilities under these procedures and collect, use, and access user personal information only as authorized by our Security Policies, our Privacy Policies, and applicable data protection laws. Google is committed to advancing privacy and freedom of expression for our users around the world. Where user privacy and freedom of expression face government challenges, we seek to implement internationally recognized standards that respect those rights as we develop products, do business in diverse markets, and respond to government requests to access user information or remove user content. Contact Legal or Ethics & Compliance if you have questions on implementing these standards in connection with what you do at Google. Responsiveness Part of being useful and honest is being responsive: We recognize relevant user feedback when we see it, and we do something about it. We take pride in responding communications from our users, whether questions, problems or compliments. If something is broken, fix it. Take Action Any time you feel our users aren't being well-served, dont” bashful — let someone in the company know about it Continually improving our products and services takes all of us, and we're proud that Googlers champion our users an take the initiative to step forward when the interests of users are at stake. Source: https://abe.xyz/investor/other/goo: cas 01 n't be 126ry patraets from Starbucks Code of Conduct: pw We Treat One Another consistent wit Starbucks Global Human Rights Standard, ware promotes equal opportunity in its hiring practices, “ares recruiting: decisions based solely on job-related criteria and does not use forced I. When employing partners under the age 1g, managers must comply with all Starbucks-established or legally required limitations on minimum hiring age, and on hours rad tasks performed by these partners to ensure any work formed does not hamper the partner’s education, health, safety, ‘and mental OF ‘physical development. For further information, refer to the Global Human Rights sandard, which can be obtained by contacting Business Ethics and Compliance. At Starbucks, we treat each other with respect and dignity. This neans that all partners are entitled to work in an environment that is free of harassment, bullying and discrimination. Harassment, ullying and discrimination take many, forms, including: Unwelcome remarks, gestures or physical contact The display or circulation of offensive, derogatory or sexually explicit pictures or other materials, including by email and on the Internet Offensive or derogatory jokes or comments (explicit or by innuendo) Verbal or physical abuse or threats How We Treat Our Customers Legendary customer service is a top priority at Starbucks. We strive to make every customer's experience pleasant and fulfilling, and we treat our customers as we treat one another, with respect i dignity. This means, for example, that we never harass or “Ncriminate against our customers. hbk our customers as we treat one another, with respect and ity,” Diversity i 127oS Starbucks actively creates and promotes an environment that is inclusive of all people and their unique abilities, strengths ang differences, and promotes diversity as a strategic and competitiye business advantage for the company. “We respect diversity in each other, our customers and suppliers and all others with whom we interact.” As we continue to grow, embracing diversity in every aspect of our business—from the way we work together to the way we procure goods and services—is vital to our long-term success. We respect diversity in each other, our customers and suppliers and all others with whom we interact. Our goal is to be one of the most inclusive companies globally, working toward full equity, inclusion and accessibility for those whose lives we touch. Source: Starbucks: Business Ethics and Compliance https://go0.gl/sk69gx (This is a shortened URL) 5.7. Professional Networking Establishing connections with people working in your field has become much easier in the age of the internet. You can now create a network of professionals from across geographical or cultural boundaries. Professional networking sites facilitate the communion of interest groups, where you can meet people pursuing careers, interests and projects, similar to yours. Networking sites can be used as a destination for learning and sharing ideas and information related to your area of academic and professional interest. In times of crisis, people from your network may come out with interesting suggestions to save you and your organisation. Professional networking sites can also be made use of by people looking for careers. If you can build and maintain your profile on such sites and if you make your presence felt by proactive activities like making comments and observations to discussions, posting articles of your own, sharing links to reading materials and artic’ es. You need to be conscious of the fact that your potential employ*" can keep watching your activities and may offer you a position you are dreaming of getting. As all your activity online can be ‘tract ; you should be extremely careful not to be involved in activities that would expose you negatively. a 128Here isa list of the Popular Professional networking sites: Web Address Activities -——_—__—_—____| Activities | www.linkedin.com a business- and employment-oriented networking service Academia.edu | www.academia.edu | a networking website for academics Viadeo in.viadeo.com/en/ A professional social network. Its members include business owners, entrepreneurs and managers XING www.xing.com/en A career-oriented social networking site for enabling a small- world network for professionals. AngelList https://angel.co/ a social network that connects tart-ups with investors to help raise funding; also allows for browsing of jobs at start-ups Plaxo www.plaxo.com/ an enhanced address book tool for networking and staying in contact Quora www.quora.com/ a place to gain and share knowledge 129ResearchGate | www.researchgate.net/ | a social Networking | site for scienti Sts and researchers to share Papers, ask ay answer questions, ang find collaborators The following are some general guidelines for making yoy, Presence on professional networking sites pleasant and Tewarding * Add only people from your discipline/career in Our network, And do not join the network of People from other disciplines/careers or interests. Follow only the well-known organisations/individu: your areas of interest. Remember to greet members of your network on their promotions and other important occasions. Reply to each comment on your posts, als from Ensure that your writings, comments and posts are decent and helpful for others. * Do not clutter the networking pages with unnecessary posts, videos and pictures, Always remember that professional networking is different from mere social networking. Here you meet other professionals and not your friends and relatives. Do not make any personal comments on individuals. Check spelling and grammar errors of your writings before you post them. Professional networkin, new things. So, you. 5.8. Staying Relevant Staying relevant in the field or careers concerned is quité essential for all professionals, Being relevant is important fo! organisations as well as individuals working in organisations. a organisation may become irrelevant if it ig not able to adapt itself 130 g sites are places where you can lea follow discussions and links that intereschanging business envi ivi the changing | bus ironment. Individuals ma c obsolete if thei skills and knowledge do not match the de ae obs panging times, ¢ demands of Asan individual, your surviy; u al in the job depends o to keep abreast with the changes taking place in your Sea Yone employer will always want you to be productive and active. For this. ou may be required to Continuously evaluate ii ye ely. If you are unable yourself and improve to update yourself, you may be é > y considered irrelevant and unnecessary for the organisation. It would be ideal if you can redirect yourself to meet all future challenges by consistently updating through various means. Staying relevant requires assessing the changes in your industry, the new and innovative tools available for your job, reading relevant periodicals, and interacting with the people from the industry through professional networking. Here are a few suggestions to stay relevant. - Update your tools. If you are still sticking to the older version of the operating system, while everyone has migrated to the latest ones, it is an indication that you are unable to change according to the expectations of your organisation. - Interact with experts and find out the new developments. - Read periodicals dealing with business in general and your industry in particular. - Ensure that you understand the demands of your organisation and customers. - Keep continuous learning a regular activity. - Make friends and interact with people belonging to different age groups. - Familiarise yourself with the latest technology. 131