READING

N
I THIS
TH ISUNIT
UNITYOU
YOU WILL
Will
IN
lEARNHOWTO
LEARN HOW TO
•understand
understandthethemain
mainideas
ideasininparagraphs
paragraphsinin
ordertotomatch
matchheadings
headingstotosections
sectionsof
oftext
text
•

order
•use
usethe
thepast
pastsimple,
simple,past
pastperfect
perfectsimple
simple
andpast
pastperfect
perfectcontinuous
continuouscorrectly
correctly
•

and
•recognise
recognisesynonyms
synonymsinintexts
textsand
and
headings.
•

headings.

I LEAD-IN
LEAD-IN I
AAcommon
commontopic
topicininIELTS
IELTSisistravel
traveland
andtransport.
transport.With
Withaapartner,
partner,match
matchthe
thewords
wordsand
and
phrases 1-10 with definitions a-j. Then write FOUR sentences, each sentence
phrases 1-10 with definitions a-j. Then write FOUR sentences, each sentence using using
ONEword
ONE wordororphrase
phrasefrom
from1-10.
1-10.
11 attraction
attraction aa someone
someonewho
wholives
livesininthe
thearea
areayou
youare
aretalking
talkingabout
about
22 aalocal
local bb the
thefirst
firstlanguage
languagethat
thatyou
youlearn
learnwhen
whenyou
youare
areaachild
child
33 cancellation
cancellation cc aahabit
habitor
ortradition
tradition
4 mothertongue
4 mother tongue dd to
tobecome
becomepart
partofofaagroup
groupor
orsociety,
society,or
ortotohelp
helpsomeone
someonedo
dothis
this
55 custom
custom ee to
tomake
makesomeone
someoneupset
upsetor
orangry
angry
6 bodylanguage
6 body language ff totogive
giveall
allyour
yourattention
attentiontotosomething
somethingthat
thatyou
youare
aredoing
doing
77 native
native g relating to the people who lived in a country first, before other people took control of it
g relating to the people who lived in a country first, before other people took control of it

88 integrate
integrate hh aaplace
placethat
thatpeople
peoplevisit
visitfor
forpleasure
pleasureand
andinterest,
interest,usually
usuallywhile
whilethey
theyare
areon
onholiday
holiday
9 offend
9 offend theact
the actof
ofstopping
stoppingsomething
somethingthatthatwas
wasgoing
goingtotohappen
happenororstopping
stoppingananorder
orderfor
forsomething
something
10 focus
10 focusonon j
j the
theway
wayyou
youmove
moveyour
yourbody,
body,showing
showingpeople
peoplewhat
whatyou
youare
arefeeling
feeling

READING
 MATCHINGHEADINGS
MATCHING HEADINGS ]
Skim read the article to understand the main ideas.
Skim read the article to understand the main ideas.
TIP
TRAVEL TIPS
In order to see all the best attractions and avoid the
order to see all the best attractions and avoid the
queues, try to get up early. Early morning is also a good
In
time to take photographs and meet the locals.
queues, try to get up early. Early morning is also a good
time to take photographs and meet the locals.
@) ___
It is also a good idea to memorise a few useful phrases,
also a good idea to memorise a few useful phrases,
such as 'please' and 'thank you'. You should not be
It is
----
such as 'please' and 'thank you'. You should not be
worried about making mistakes, but try practising the
language as much as possible. Even if your
worried about making mistakes, but try practising the
language as much as possible. Even your
pronunciation is not perfect, locals respond better to
if
people who make an effort.
pronunciation is not perfect, locals respond better to
people who make an
effort.
Travellers often face delays and cancellations, so it is
Travellers often face delays and cancellations, so
important that you do not allow them to ruin your trip.
is it
important that you do not allow them to ruin your trip.
Also, try not to get frustrated when you are unable to
Also, try not to get frustrated when you are unable to
communicate with a native. Although you may be
communicate with a native. Although you may be
tempted to shout in your mother tongue in order to be
tempted to shout in your mother tongue in order to be
understood, it is more polite and often more effective
understood, is more polite and often more effective
to simply use body language. You will have a much
it
to simply use body language. You will have a much
better trip if you are prepared for plans to change and
better trip you are prepared for plans to change and
you are able to see the funny side if things go wrong.
if
you are able to see the funny side things go wrong.
f) ____
if
Before starting your trip, find out about the people and
Before starting your trip, find out about the people and
customs of the place you are visiting. This will help you
to integrate more easily and will ensure you do not do
customs of the place you are visiting. This will help you
to integrate more easily and will ensure you do not do
anything to offend locals. The more you
anything to offend locals. The more you
know about your chosen destination,
know about your chosen destination,
the more chance you have of
the more chance you have of
gaining the most from your
gaining the most from your
experience.
experience.
@ In
In the IELTS Reading test you may be asked to
the IELTS Reading test you may be asked to
match a list of headings with the correct paragraph
match a list of headings with the correct paragraph
or section of the text. The headings summarise the
or section ofthe text. The headings summarise the
main idea of the paragraph/section.
main idea of the paragraph/section.
pnYou are reading only for the main
•
----
•
You are reading only main
for the
ideas at this stage, so remember to
•
ideas at this stage, so remember to
ignore unknown words.
ignore unknown words.
•
Do not just socialise with other
Do not just socialise with other
travellers, but try to start
conversations with locals too. Locals
travellers, but try to start
conversations with locals too. Locals
are often the key to knowing the best
are often the key to knowing the best
and cheapest places to visit and eat.
----
and cheapest places to visit and eat.
Furthermore, talking regularly with
natives gives you a much better chance of
Furthermore, taiking regularly with ••
••
natives gives you a much better chance of
learning the language. People enhance your travels
just as much as sights do.
learn ing the language. People enhance your travels
just as much as sights do.
.•
In order to get a real feel for a place, spend a few
order to get a real feel for a place, spend a few
hours sitting in a park or in the main square by
In
�
.
hours sitting in a park or in the main square by
yourself, just watching daily life happen around
you. Try to absorb all the colours, smells and
yourself, just watching daily life happen around ••
•
you. Try to absorb all the colours, smells and
sounds which surround you.
sounds which surround you.
In order to match the headings correctly, you need to
order to match the headings correctly, you need to
understand the main idea of the paragraph/section.
In
understand the main idea of the paragraph/section.
Some headings may be true of one line or phrase in the
Some headings may be true of one line or phrase in the
paragraph, but if the heading does not summarise the
paragraph, but the heading does not summarise the
whole section, it is not the correct choice. For example:
if
whole section, it is not the correct choice. For example:
Choose the most suitable heading for Paragraph A.
Choose the most suitable heading for Paragraph A.
a Taking photographs
a
bTaking
Seeing the best attractions
photographs
b Seeing the best attractions
c The best time of day to be a tourist
c The best time ofday to be a tourist
Only option c relates to information in the whole paragraph.
Only option c relates to information in the whole paragraph.
i 04
 g.

[03
03 Choosethe
Choose themost
mostsuitable
suitableheading
headingfor
forParagraph
ParagraphB.B. 03 04
aa Do not
notworry
worryabout
aboutmaking
makingmistakes.
mistakes.
Do Donot
Do notjust
justlook
lookfor
for
matchingwords
wordsand
and
bb Make
Make an
aneffort
effortwith
withthe
thelanguage.
language. matching
assumefrom
fromthese
theseyou
youhave
have
cc Your
Yourpronunciation
pronunciationisisnot
not important.
important. assume
foundthe
found thecorrect
correctanswer.
answer.
-Yes •

04 Choosethe
Choose themost
mostsuitable
suitableheading
headingfor
forParagraph
ParagraphC.C.

aa Delays
Delaysand
andcancellations
cancellations
bb Be
Berelaxed
relaxedififthings
thingsdo
donot
notgo
goto
toplan
plan
cc Use
Usebody
bodylanguage
language

Oneway
wayto
toidentify
identifythe
themain
mainidea
ideaisisto
towrite
writeshort
shortsummaries
summariesof
ofyour
yourown,
own, before
before
05
05 One
matchingeach
matching eachheading.
heading. Follow
Followsteps
steps1-3.
1-3.
Underlinethe
11 Underline the key
keywords
wordsininthe
thetext
textand
andwrite
writeaasummary
summaryininjust
justaafew
fewwords
wordsfor
for
eachparagraph.
each paragraph.
Compareyour
22 Compare yoursummaries
summarieswith
withaa partner's.
partner's. Are
Arethey
theysimilar?
similar?

lI
Matchyour
33 Match yoursummary/each
summary/eachparagraph
paragraphwith
withthe
theheadings
headingsininthe
thebox.
box.

List ofheadings
List of headings
i
Research
Research thetheculture
culture ParagraphAA
11 Paragraph iv
ii Use
Use body
body language
language ParagraphBB
22 Paragraph
ii

iii Be
Beflexible
flexibleand
and relax
relax
iii
ParagraphCC
33 Paragraph
iv The best time of day to be a tourist
ParagraphDD

J
vv Observedaily
dailylife
life 4 Paragraph

Il
Observe
vi Take photographs ParagraphEE
55 Paragraph
vi Take photographs
vii Try
vii Tryto
tospeak
speakthe
the language
language ParagraphFF
66 Paragraph
viii
viii Spend time with
Spend time with the thelocals
locals

06 Readthis
Read thisarticle,
article, describing
describingone
oneof
ofthe
themost
mostinteresting
interestingtrain
trainjourneys
journeys
06 inthe
theworld,
world,totoget
getaa general
generalidea
ideaof
ofwhat
whatititisisabout.
about.
in

TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILWAY

TheTrans-Siberian
Trans-Siberian Railway
Railwayhas
hasbeen
been Althoughofficials
officials have
have been
been
7
The Although
describedby
described bysome
someas asthe
themost
most buildingthis
building this line
linesince
since 1891,
1891,ititisisstill
still
memorable journeyon
memorablejourney on Earth.
Earth. being expanded today. The original
being expanded today. The original
Measuringnearly
Measuring nearly9,300
9,300km,
km, ititisisthe
the Trans-Siberian Railway
Trans-Siberian Railwaywas
wasbuilt
built
Bf18C)21044
longestrailway
longest railwayline
line ininthe
theworld
worldand
and fromMoscow
from Moscowto
toVladivostok
Vladivostokon
onthe
the
takesapproximately
takes approximatelyaa week
weekto
to ordersof
orders ofTsar
TsarAlexander
Alexander Ill. Building
111. Building
complete. ItItisisone
complete. oneincredible
incredibletrain
train the line
the linewas
wasnot
notan
aneasy
easytask
taskas
as
journeyfrom
journey fromRed
RedSquare
Squareto
tothe
theGreat
Great therewere
there wereonly
onlyaafew
fewqualified
qualified
Wall, taking in Siberia, Mongolia, the
Wall, taking in Siberia, Mongolia, the engineersand
engineers andthe
thedifficult
difficultclimate
climate
Gobi Desert
Gobi Desertand
andarriving
arrivingininthe
thegreat
great oftenslowed
often slowed progress.
progress. AA lack
lackof
of
city of Beijing. The journey
city of Beijing. The journey hashas workmenmeant
workmen meantthatthatsoldiers
soldiersand
and
capturedthe
captured the imagination
imagination of oftravellers
travellers convicts had to be conscripted
convicts had to be conscripted to to
fromfar
from farand
andwide
widesince
sinceconstruction
construction help. Up to 90,000 men
help. Up to 90,000 men werewere
beganinin1891.
began 1891. employedinin its
employed itsconstruction.
construction.

64s

70
 12 Paragraph A: vivi Paragraph
12 Paragraph A: Paragraph B:B: iii Paragraph
iii C: vv Paragraph
Paragraph C: D: i
Paragraph D: i

Paragraph E:E:
Paragraph iv Paragraph
iv Paragraph F:F: ixix

From the
From the moment
moment building
building began,
began, the
the Despite criticisms,
Despite criticisms, however,
however, the
the railway
railway more
more
project faced many
project faced many difficulties.
difficulties. Even
Even than paid
than paid for
for itself
itself in
in the
the twentieth
twentieth century.
century.
though it was
though was considered
it considered aa technological
technological The Siberian
The Siberian economy
economy exploded
exploded when
when
marvel at
marvel at the
the time,
time, there
there were
were arguments
arguments 2.5 million
2.5 million poor
poor people
people moved
moved there
there from
from
about the
about the quality
quality of
of work.
work. Rails
Rails were
were European Russia
European Russia between
between 1895
1895 and
and 1916.
1916. The
The
considered too
too light
light and
and bridges
bridges not
not region quickly
quickly became
became famous
famous for
for producing
producing

t
considered region
strong enough.
strong enough. Many
Many claimed
claimed convicts
convicts bread and
bread and butter.
butter. Without
Without the
the Trans-Siberian
Trans-Siberian
had sabotaged
had sabotaged thethe line. Furthermore, the
line. Furthermore, the Railway, Siberia's industrial
Railway, Siberia's industrial
project also
project also caused
caused serious
serious problems
problems for
for revolution would
revolution would not
not
the Russian
the Russian economy.
economy. have happened.
have happened.

Today, this
Today, this service
service isis used
used by
by both
both
tourists and
and workers.
workers. Running
Running at at an
an Although the
Although the trip
trip certainly
certainly
attracts many
many foreign
foreign
tourists
average speed
average speed ofof 60
60 km/h,
km/h, it isis not
not attracts
tourists, today
today it gets
gets most
most
it

designed for
designed for anyone
anyone inin aa hurry.
hurry. Nor
Nor are
are tourists, it

the trains
trains particularly
particularly glamorous.
glamorous. The The of its
of its use
use from
from domestic
domestic
passengers. It isis
the
trip could
could never
never be
be described
described as as dull,
dull, passengers. It

responsible forfor 30%

30% of
of
trip
however, with breathtaking
however, with breathtaking views views responsible

from the
from the carriage
carriage window
window and and the
the Russian exports and carries
Russian exports and carries

opportunity to talk to fellow passengers.

opportunity to talk to fellow passengers.
more than 250,000
more than 250,000
containers aa year.
containers year.

.80
 GRAMMAR FOCUS:
GRAMMAR FOCUS: PRESENT
PRESENT CONTINUOUS,
CONTINUOUS, PRESENT
PRESENT PERFECT
PERFECT SIMPLE,
SIMPLE,
PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS AND
AND PAST
PAST SIMPLE
SIMPLE

Study sentences
Study sentencesa-c,
a-c, taken
taken from
from the
the text,
text, and
and answer
answerthe
the questions
questionswhich
whichfollow.
follow.
aa Thejourney
The journey has
has captured
captured the
the imagination
imagination of
of travellers
travellers from
from far
far and
and wide
widesince
since
construction began
construction began in
in 1891.
1891.
bb From
Fromthe
the moment
moment building
building began,
began, the
the project
project faced
faced many
many difficulties.
difficulties.
cc Although
Although officials
officials have
have been
been building
building this
this line
line since
since 1891,
1891, itit isis still
still being
being
expanded today.
expanded today.
11 What tenses
What tenses are
are used
used in
in the
the sentences?
sentences?
22 How are
How arethese
these tenses
tenses formed?
formed?

08 Matchsentences
Match sentences a-c
a-cfrom
from exercise
exercise 77 with
with definitions
definitions 1-3.
1-3.
08
11 An action
An action which
whichtook
took place
place in
in the
the past,
past, and
and isis now
now finished.
finished. _______
22 An action
An action which
whichtook
took place
place in
in the
the past,
past, and
and still
still has
has aa connection
connection to
to the
the present.
present.

33 AA continuous
continuous action
action which
which took
took place
place in
in the
the past,
past, and
and still
still has
has aa connection
connection to
to
the present.
the present. ______ _

09 Complete the
Complete the sentences
sentences with
withthe
the verb
verb in
in brackets
brackets in
inthe
the correct
correctform
form of
of either
eitherthe
the
09 present perfect
perfectsimple,
simple, past
pastsimple
simple or
or present
present perfect
perfectcontinuous.
continuous.
present

11 I'm
I'm so
so tired.
tired. I
I (travel) all day.
(travel) all day.

22 I (get up)
(get up) early
early this
this morning
morning to to avoid
avoid the
the crowds.
crowds.
33 I'm so annoyed that my
I'm so annoyed that my flightflight (cancel).
(cancel).
44 My back
My back isis red,
red, I I
(sunbathe) too
(sunbathe) too much.
much.
55 I am
I
am very
very well
well travelled,
travelled, I _______ (visit)
I
(visit) many
many countries.
countries.
66 Last year,
Last year, I
I
(go) on
(go) on my
my first-ever
first-ever cruise.
cruise.

I RECOGNISING SYNONYMS
RECOGNISING SYNONYMS I
10 Matchwords
Match wordsand
and phrases
phrases 1-7
1-7 with
withthe
the correct
correct
10 synonym a-g.
synonym a-g. @
O Recognisingsynonyms
Recognising synonyms isisan
important skillforthis
importantskill
an
for thistype
typeof
of
11 construction
construction aa effect
effect question (and
question (and many
manyof
ofthe
theother
other
22 convicts
convicts tasks ininthe
the Reading
Reading test).
test).
bb migrate
migrate tasks
Thewords
words used
used ininthe
the headings
headings
33 arguments
arguments cc controversy
controversy The
arevery
are veryoften
oftensynonyms
synonymsof
ofwords
words
4 moveto
4 move to aa new
new area
area dd transformation
transformation used ininthe
used thetext.
text.
55 revolution
revolution ee items
items sold
sold abroad
abroad
6 exports
6 exports ff building
building
77 impact
impact g prisoners
g prisoners

72
I MATCHING
MATCHING HEADINGS:
HEADINGS: USEFUL
USEFUL STRATEGIES
STRATEGIES AND TIPS
AND TIPS I
11 Put
Put the words in
the words 1-4 in
in 1-4 the correct
in the correct order.
order.

11 do/I twice
do twice I/ not
not/I the
the/I same
same I/ heading
heading/I use
use
22 of /I track
of track/I keep
keep I/ time
time
33 paragraph /I read
paragraph read I/ first
first/I shortest
shortest I/the
the
44 understand I/ ignore
understand ignore I/ words
words/I do
do/I not
not/I you
you
Use
Use this
this advice
advice to
to complete
complete exercise
exercise 12.
12.

EXAM
EXAM SKILLS
SKILLS ]

The
The reading
reading passage 'Trans-Siberian Railway'
passage 'Trans-Siberian Railway' has six paragraphs,
has six A-F.
paragraphs, A-F.
Choose the
Choose the correct
correct heading for paragraphs
heading for from the
A-F from
paragraphs A-F the list
list of
of headings.
headings. Be careful! There are

Write
Write the
the correct
correct number,
number, i-ix,
i-ix, in
in the
the boxes
boxes provided.
provided. more headings than
paragraphs.

List of headings
List of headings
i The impact
The the railway
impact the railway line
line had
had on
on Siberia
Siberia ( TIP
ii The
ii The reasons why peasants
reasons why peasants migrated to Siberia
migrated to Siberia
Matching-heading
iii
iii The
The construction
construction of of the
the line
line
questions always
iv
iv The
The speed
speed and
and style
style of
of the train
the train come before the text in
v The
v The controversy which surrounded
controversy which surrounded thethe building
building of the line
of the line the exam.
vi The
vi The attraction
attraction of the Trans-Siberian
of the Trans-Siberian Railway
Railway
vii The
vii The role
role of
of prisoners
prisoners andand soldiers
soldiers in the building
in the building of
of the
the project
project
viii The
viii The length
length of
of time
time it took
took to
it to build the line
build the line

ix
ix The
The role
role the
the line
line has
has in the local
in the local economy
economy

11
Paragraph
Paragraph A
A D
22 Paragraph BB
Paragraph D
33Paragraph
Paragraph CC 0
44 Paragraph
Paragraph DD 0
Paragraph EE
55 Paragraph D
66 Paragraph
Paragraph FF D

UNIT 04 I READING
UNIT04 READING
 - . •ameuie
Ian elv
Eh
Radle h shun
ping ac am
Cha/grc ollesh
UNIT 104: TRÆVEL on
nson ghton a ch Dod {aldo

C igwell ickna re
ndo Ü Brent So

IN THIS
IN THIS UNIT
UNIT YOU
YOU WILL
WILL Soe ech@

LEARN HOW TO
LEARN TO Sout
• study
study and
and compare
compare two
two maps
maps on-Sea
•

• read
• read your
your writing
writing to
to check
check for
for spelling
spelling and
and grammatical
grammatical
Yao errors
errors .om She

• improve
• improve the
the cohesion
cohesion of
of your
your writing
writing by
by
organising your
organising your ideas
ideas in
in aa logical
logical way
way • h). retitli
• make
• make your
your writing
writing easier
easier to
to do 'P,ton
understand by
understand by using
using cohesive
cohesive yn or
onda/'€ devices.
devices. d ing
Farnt
)0reh
c toa gha 4i in

I LEAD·IN
LEAD-IN I
0 1 In Writing
Writing Part
Part 1,
1, you
you may
may be
be asked
asked to
to write
write about
about one
one or
or more
more maps.
maps.
01 In
TIP pn
The box
The contains useful
box contains useful vocabulary
vocabulary for
for this
this type
type of
of task.
task. Complete
Complete the
the labels
labels Some of
Some of this
this vocabulary
vocabulary
on the
on the maps 'Now' and
maps 'Now' and 'Twenty
'Twenty years
years ago'
ago' with
with the
the correct
correct word
word from
from the
the box.
box. may already
may already bebe labelled
labelled
on the
on the maps
maps in in the
the exam.
exam.
bridge
bridge church
church east
east residential area
residential area farm
farm fields
fields hills
hills motorway
motorway
north
north pond
pond west
west skyscraper
skyscraper river
river south
south stadium windmill
stadium windmill

Now Twenty years ago

9 ______

15
10

16

11

12
14
14

13
13

UNIT04/WRlTlNG
I PRACTISING READING
PRACTISING READING MAPS
MAPS I
Study both
� Study both maps
maps of
ofthe
the island
island ('Now'
('Now' and
and 'Twenty
'Twentyyears
years ago'),
ago'}, and
anddiscuss
discuss
these two questions with a partner.
these two questions with a partner.
TIP
Forthis
thistask
task itit isis
changed? More
For
11 Which features
Which features have
have changed? More houseg
hous;:es;: have
have been
been built.
built. importantto
to use
use
important
Which features
22 Which features have
have remained
remainedthe
the same?
same? prepositionsof
prepositions ofplace
place
appropriately.
appropriately.
Think about
� Think aboutyour
your own
owntown.
town. What
What changes
changeshave
havetaken
taken place
place over
overthe
the last
lastten
tenyears?
years?
Write sentences using some of the verbs in the box.
Write sentences using some of the verbs in the box.

modernised
modernised replaced
replaced expanded
expanded increased
increased
knockeddown
knocked down built
built renovated
renovated developed
developed

Overthe
Over thelast
las;:tten
tenyears,
years;:, more s;:hops;: and
moreshopg and residential
res;:identialareas
areas;: have
havebeen
been built
built inin my
my area.
area.
Discussyour
Discuss your notes
noteswith
withaa partner.
partner.Are
Areyour
yoursentences
sentencessimilar
similaror
ordifferent?
different?

I GRAMMATICAL ACCURACY
GRAMMATICAL ACCURACY I
Readthis
� Read thissample
sampleanswer
answer and
andcorrect
correctthe
the errors
errorsthat
that you
youfind.
find. Youneed
needto
tofocus
focus
O

-
You
There are
There are five
fivespelling
spelling mistakes
mistakes and
andfive
five wrongly
wrongly used
usedtenses.
tenses. ongrammatical
grammatical
on
accuracyin
accuracy inthe
the
Writingtest.
test.

ANSWER
Writing

SAMPLE ANSWER
SAMPLE
that this
evid entthat irlan changed
thisirland d changed
atthe
Looking at
Looking thetwo maps, iti t isisevident
two maps,
been aa great
has been deal
greatdeal
the last
inthe twentyyears.
lasttwenty There has
years. There of�­
·�
dramaticaly in
dramaticaly
b� 1 mg
islan d.AA mo t orwa y h as bee n building
developme
development nt in
in the
the sout
south h of
of the
the island. motorway has been
existingfarmfarmfromfrom aa newly built
newly built
dividesthe
isdivides
threw the centre. Th
threw the centre. This theexisting

ial ar a. T ch urc h and

reside
increased residential nt e he
hotel, skyscraper an
hotel, skyscraper andd increased area. The church and

main sam asthey

e as alwayswere.
they always were.
pond
pond, , h ow e
however,v e r, s t
stillill r e
remain the same
the
nor thend end of the island.
ofthe B eh�ndthe
island. Behind the
Ther are new development s at
Theree are new developments at the the north
inthe ast of the islan d
Furthermore , in
stadium. Furthermore, e
the east of the island
hills ther e is a foot ball
hills, there is a football stadium.
parkin� To
car parking,
forcar , o t e e ast of
� east of the t he
has built spacefor
with space
builtwith : the
a la;g hospital has
a largee hospital
bri g , fe at ures of th e orig inal island .
hills are the win
hills are the windmilld mill an
and d d
bridge, e featu res of the original island.

sign ifica nt ally ov er the last

island has has being develop
beingdeveloped ed
Overall the
Overall, the island significantally over the last
bo th the s and
was occu rred in �� th and
twent/years. This developmen
twenty years. This development t was occurred in both the south
the p eople livin the
forthe g re.
ofthe providing more
island, providing facilitesfor
more facilites
nor thof
north the island, people living there.

Write the
� Write the errors
errors and
andyour
your corrections
corrections in
inthe
thetable.
table.

Spelling
Spelling Tenses
Tenses

11 ��������ir�la�nd —-�is;:=la=nd��������
irland.:..;_ island 11 ������������������
22 � ������������������ 22 ��������������������
33 �������������������� 33 ��������������������
44 �������������������� 44 ��������������������
55 ����������������� 55 ��������������������

UNIT 04 /WRITING
UNIT04 WRITING
 Answerthese
Answer thesequestions.
questions.
06
11 Which
Whichtense
tenseisismainly
mainlyused
usedhere?
here?
22 Why
Whyisisthis
thistense
tenseused?
used?

I COHERENCEAND
COHERENCE ANDCOHESION
COHESION I
lfil:ra Study these two maps which showhow
how Mumbai has changed.
Study these two maps which show Mumbai has changed.
@ Twoother
Two otheraspects
aspectsyou
intoconsideration
into
youmust
considerationininthe
musttake
theexam
take
examare
are
coherenceand
coherence andcohesion:
cohesion:
Mumbai before 1845 Present-day Mumbai
Coherence--IsIsititeasy
Coherence easytoto
WORLI DADAR EAST understand?Are
understand? Areyour
yourideas
ideas
TROI
PAREL organisedininaalogical
logicalway?
way?
MAHIM organised
LOWER
PAREL
Cohesion--Are
Cohesion yourideas
Are your ideas
connectedtogether
connected togetherwell?
well?
WORLI PARE MUMBAI
MAHALAXMI
MAZAGAON

GIRGAON

M ZAGAON MALABAR
HILL

KALBADEVI
CHUR
GATE FORT

MUMBA NARI
INT

LITTLE LABA

COLABA
COLAB

Readthese
Read thesesentences
sentenceswhich
whichcompare
comparethe
thetwo
twomaps.
maps.
08
11 These
Thesetwo
twomaps
mapsshow
showthat,
that,since
since1845,
1845,Mumbai
Mumbaihas
haschanged
changedconsiderably.
considerably.
22 There
Thereare
arerailway
railwaylines
lineswhich
whichrun
runthrough
throughthe
thecentral
centralarea,
area,as
asdo
domany
manymajor
majorroads.
roads.
33 One
Onefeature
featurewhich
whichhas
hasremained
remainedthe
thesame,
same,however,
however,isisthe
thenames
namesgiven
givento
tothe
theareas
areas
ofMumbai.
of Mumbai.
4 In particular, itithas
4 In particular, hasmany
manyfacilities
facilitiessuch
suchas ashotels,
hotels,cinemas,
cinemas,churches
churchesandandhospitals.
hospitals.
55 There
Thereisisalso
alsoaaharbour,
harbour,located
locatedtotothe
theeast
eastofofMazagaon.
Mazagaon.
6 Looking at the map of Mumbai today, we can see itisisnow
6 Looking at the map of Mumbai today, we can see it
nowaahighly
highlydeveloped
developedareaarea
with lots of facilities.
with lots of facilities.
7 Overall,therefore,
7 Overall, therefore,these
thesetwo
twomaps
mapsclearly
clearlyillustrate
illustratethat
thatthis
thisarea
areahas
haschanged
changed
significantly since the 1800s.
significantly since the 1800s.

88 Furthermore,
Furthermore,therethereare
arealso
alsoseveral
severaltransport
transportlinks
linkswhich
whichnownowconnect
connectthis
thisarea
area
together.
together.
99 Before
Before1845,
1845,Mumbai
Mumbaiwas wasmade
madeup upof
ofseven
sevendifferent
differentislands,
islands,asasopposed
opposedto tothe
theone
one
mainlandwhich
mainland whichexists
existstoday.
today.
10 For example, the south
10 For example, the south part partofofthe
thecity
cityisiscalled
calledColaba
Colabaafter
afterthe
theoriginal
originalisland,
island,
while the north part is called Worli and Parel, and the east part
while the north part is called Worli and Parel, and the east part Mazagaon. Mazagaon.

UNIT04/WRlTlNG
 At the
� At the moment,
moment, the
the order
order of
of the
the sentences
sentences in
in exercise
exercise 88 is
is not
not coherent
coherent or
or logical,
logical,
making the
making the meaning
meaning difficult
difficult for
for the
the reader
reader to
to understand.
understand. Put Put the
the sentences
sentences in
in aa
logical order
logical order by
by answering
answering these
these questions.
questions.
Which sentences
11 Which sentences would
would you
you put
put in
in the
the introduction?
introduction?
22 Which
Which sentences
sentences would
would you
you put
put in
in the
the first
first paragraph,
paragraph, describing
describing what
what
has changed?
has changed?
33 Which
Which sentences
sentences would
would you
you put
put in
in the
the second
second paragraph,
paragraph, describing
describing what
what has
has
remained the
remained the same?
same?
4 Which sentences would you
4 Which sentences would you put
put in
in the
the summary
summary at
at the
the end?
end?

Look at
� Look at how
how the
the devices
devices in
in this
this table
table are
are used
used in
in the
the sentences
sentences in
in exercise
exercise 8.
8.
@
O In order
In order to
well, you
to make
make aa text
you need
need to
text read
to use
use
read
1 22 33 55
well,
1 4
4 'cohesive devices'.
devices'.
'cohesive

-- Adding an
Adding
---
an idea
idea Similarity
Similarity _,...,
Highlighting
Highlighting Contrast
Contrast Summary
Summary--- These are
are words
words or
or short
short

--
These
furthermore as do
do in particular as opposed
opposed to
to overall phrases which
which help
help guide
guide
furthermore as in particular as
- --
overall phrases
the reader
the reader th
through your
rough your
also
also writing by
writing by linking
linking sentences
sentences
and paragraphs.
and paragraphs. Good
Good use
use
' of these devices will make
of these devices will make
what you
what you have
have written
written easy
easy
to follow.
to follow. Without
Without them,
them,
your writing
writing may
may be
be difficult
difficult
. your
to read, with too many
to read, with too many short
short
sentences.
[!IiD This
sentences.
This box
box contains
contains more
more words
words and
and short
short phrases
phrases which
which help
help to
to link your
your ideas
ideas link
together. Write
together. Write the
the words
words in
in the
the correct
correct column
column in
in the
the table.
table.

in addition
in addition in comparison
in comparison in conclusion
in conclusion in contrast
in contrast particularly
particularly
moreover
moreover similarly
similarly to conclude
to conclude to summarise
to summarise what is
what is more
more

Complete the
� Complete the sentences
sentences with
with words
words from
from the
the box.
box. More
More than
than one
one answer
answer may
may be
be
possible.
possible.

1 Fifty
1 Fifty years
years ago
ago there
there weren't
weren't any
any main
main roads
roads in
in this
this town,
town, _______ to
to
the developed
the developed area,
area, which
which can
can be
be seen
seen today.
today.
The maps
2 The
2 maps illustrate
illustrate how
how the
the school
school has
has developed
developed over
over the
the last
last five
five years.
years. There
There is
is
now aa computer
now computer lab
lab and
and extra classrooms
extra classrooms have
have been
been built.
built.
33 , both
, both maps
maps show
show how
how the
the facilities
facilities in
in the
the park
park have
have improved
improved
over the
over the last
last year.
year.
The south
4 The
4 south end
end of
of the
the island
island has
has changed
changed the
the most,
most, the
the
residential area,
residential area, which
which has
has increased
increased dramatically
dramatically in
in size.
size.
5 The
5 The first
first map
map shows
shows that
that the
the area
area has
has many
many shops
shops and
and restaurants;
restaurants;
_ _
_____ , the
the second
second map
, map features
features aa large
large area
area used
used for
for leisure.
leisure.

UNIT 04
UNIT 04 // WRITING
WRITING 77
 EXAM
EXAM SKILLS]
SKILLS

Use the
� Use the information
information and
and language
language from
from this
this lesson
lesson to
to answer
answer this
this Writing
Writing Part
Part 11 task.
task.
You should
You should spend
spend about
about 20
20 minutes
minutes on
on this
this task.
task.
The following
The following maps
maps show
show some
some of
of the
the changes
changes that
that have
have taken
taken place
place in
in Dubai
Dubai in
in recent
recent
decades.
decades.

Summarise the
Summarise the information
information by
by selecting
selecting and
and reporting
reporting the
the main
main features,
features, and
and make
make
comparisons where
comparisons where relevant.
relevant.
Write at
Write at least
least 150
150 words.
words.
Clock Tower
Clock Tower Roundabout,
Roundabout, Dubai
Dubai

Dubai in
Dubai in the
the past
past

Present-day Dubai
Present-day Dubai

78 UNIT 04/ WRITING

 UNIT /04: TRAVEL AND TRANSPORT

- LISTENING
IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL
LEARN HOW TO
• identify the main subject of conversations
• identify the functions that speakers use

• match questions and options

(e.g. solutions to advantages/
disadvantages).

LEAD-IN

Some people
� Some people are
are talking
talking about
about transport
transport problems.
problems. What
What isis the
the problem
problem in
in each
each
case? Listen to five conversations and choose from the list, A-E.
case? Listen to five conversations and choose from the list, A-E.

30
30 A AA method
A method of
of travel
travel Conversation 1l_
Conversation _ ___ _
BB AA travel
travel plan
plan Conversation
Conversation 22 ______ _
CC Using
Using the
the bicycle
bicycle or
or car
car Conversation 33_______ _
Conversation
DD The
The bus
bus service
service Conversation 44_ _ _ _ __ _
Conversation
EE The
The next
next train
train Conversation 55_ _ _ _ _ _
Conversation

Listen again
� Listen again and
and identify
identify the
the type
type of
of function
function that
that the
the speakers
speakers use
use in
in each
each
conversation. Choose
conversation. Choose from
from the
the list,
list, F-J.
F-J.
30
30 F Expressing
F Expressing doubt
doubt Conversation 1l_
Conversation _ ___ _
G Persuading
G Persuading Conversation 22_______ _
Conversation
Complaining
H Complaining
H Conversation 33 _______ _
Conversation

I
I Proposing
Proposing Conversation 44_
Conversation _ _ ___ _
Enquiring
JJ Enquiring Conversation 55_ _____ _
Conversation

Match the
� Match the functions
functions F-J
F-J with
with each
each of
of these
these sentences
sentences from
from the
the conversations.
conversations.
O We use
We use language
language like
like this
this to
to
1 Well,
1 Well, shall
shall we
we take
take the
the train?
train? _______ perform these
perform these everyday
everyday functions
functions
2
2 I really
really think
think you
you should
should do
do some
some more
more exercise.
exercise. _____ _ _ and others,
and others, such
such as
as requesting,
requesting,
agreeing, disagreeing
disagreeing and
and
I

33 Excuse
Excuse me,
me, could
could youyou tell
tell me ...
me ...? ? ______ _ agreeing,
advising. You will hear speakers in
advising. You will hear speakers in
44 Are you sure?
Are you sure? I really
I
really don't
don't think
think that's
that's aa good
good idea.
idea. _______ this lesson using some
this lesson using some of
of these
these
5 I don't believe
5 don't believe
I it!
it!_______ functions.
functions.

UNIT04 LISTENING 79
 MATCHING
MATCHING QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS ]
You will
� You will hear two students
hear two students working
working on
on a
a university
university project. They are
project. They are talking
talking
about
about aa transport
transport problem.
problem. What
What is the problem?
is the Choose from
problem? Choose the list,
from the A-D.
list, A-D.
TIP
In the exam,
In the the questions
exam, the questions follow
follow
31 A The
A The number
number of
of road
road accidents
accidents in the town
in the town has
has risen.
risen. the order
the order of
of information
information in the
in the

BB There
There are
are not
not enough
enough buses
buses and they are
and they too crowded.
are too crowded. recording. The answer
recording. The answer toto each
each

CC There
There is too much
is too much traffic
traffic in the town
in the town centre.
centre. question is
question the letter
is the that
letter that

DD The
The train
train service appears
appears next to the
the correct
service into the town
town has
has been
been losing
losing money
money and
and may
may close.
next to correct
into the close.
option
option in the box.
in the box.

� TheThe students
students are
are discussing the details
discussing the details of the problem.
of the Listen to
problem. Listen to the
the conversation
conversation
and
and match
match each
each place,
place, A, B or
A, B C, with
or C, with the
the correct
correct location,
location, 1-4. There is
1-4. There ONE more
is ONE more
·:ff location than
location than you
you need.
need.

A Town Hall
A Town Hall Location 1:
Location 1: at the junction
at the junction of East Road
of East Road and
and Station Road
Station Road

B Starview
B Starview Cinema
Cinema Location
Location 2:2: by the main
by the main roundabout
roundabout
CC Arts
Arts Centre
Centre Location
Location 3: at the shopping centre
3: at the shopping centre
Location 4:
Location 4: by Central Park
by Central Park

� Now the students

Now the students are
are discussing
discussing possible
possible solutions to the
solutions to the traffic
traffic problem and
problem and
possible
possible disadvantages to each.
disadvantages to each. Listen to the
Listen to the conversation
conversation and
and match the
match the
33
33
disadvantages,
disadvantages, A-D,
A-D, with the solutions,
with the solutions, 1-4.
1-4.

A
A It will
It will cause
cause problems
problems with
with 11 Bus
Bus and
and cycle-only
cycle-only lanes
lanes
deliveries
deliveries forfor businesses.
businesses. 22 Park
Park and
and ride
ride
B It will
B It will move traffic into
move traffic into residential
residential 33 Pedestrian
Pedestrian area
area and
and one-way
one-way
areas.
areas. system
system
C ItIt will
C will cost too much.
cost too much. 44 Tram
Tram transport
transport system
system
DD People
People won't
won't use it much.
useit much.

Listen to
� Listen the students'
to the students' discussion
discussion about
about costs
costs and
and match the costs,
match the A-F, with
costs, A-F, with
the solutions,
the solutions, 1-4. There are
1-4. There TWO more
are TWO more costs than you
costs than you need.
need.
§§:e
34 A ElOm
A £10m 11 Tram
Tram transport
transport system
system
BB £15m
E15m 2 Bus
2 Bus and
and cycle-only
cycle-only lanes
lanes
C £20m
C E20m 3 Park
3 Park and
and ride
ride

DD £23m
E23m 44 Pedestrian
Pedestrian area
area and
and one-way
one-way
EE £25m
E25m system
system
FF £30m
E30m

@J!a
08 Listen to the
Listen to the discussion
discussion of the likely
of the likely benefits of each
benefits of each proposal
proposal and
and match the
match the
TIP
proposals,
proposals, A-D,
A-D, with the benefits,
with the benefits, 1-5. There are
1-5. There are fewer
fewer proposals
proposals (A-D) than
(A-D) than

-35- benefits
benefits (1-5),
(1-5), so
so letters
letters may
may be
be used
used more than once.
more than once. In the
In the Listening test, there
Listening test, there are
are not
not
always the
always the same
same number of
number of
A Park and
A Park and ride
ride 11 Better public
Better transport
public transport questions (numbers)
questions (numbers) and
and options
options
BB Bus
Bus and
and cycle-only
cycle-only routes
routes 22 More visitors
More visitors (letters). Sometimes, there
(letters). Sometimes, there are
are

CC Pedestrian
Pedestrian area
area and one-way
and one-way 3
3 Better health
Better health fewer options
fewer options than
than questions,
questions, so
so
system
system 44 Less pollution
Less pollution and
and congestion
congestion
you will
you will need
need to choose the
to choose the same
same
DD Tram transport system option more than once.
more than once. Sometimes
Sometimes
55 Greater
Greater safety
option
Tram transport system safety
there are
there fewer questions
are fewer questions than
than
options, so
options, you will
so you will not
not need to
need to
use all the
use all the options.
options.

UNIT 04 LISTENING
 IDENTIFYING
ENTI DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
ING DIFFEREN UNCTIONS

Sophie and
. � Sophie and Robert
Robert used
used functions
functions A-G.
A-G. Listen
Listen to
to extracts
extracts from
from their
their conversations
conversations
and write
and write the
the function
function used
used in
in each.
each. There
There is
is one
one more
more function
function than
than you
you need.
need.
i§:5
36
36 A Proposing/
Proposing/ suggesting
suggesting Extract 11 -------
A Extract

B Approving I accepting
B Approving/ accepting Extract 22 _______
Extract

C C Expressing
Expressing doubt/
doubt/ reservations
reservations Extract 33 _______
Extract
D Complaining
D Complaining Extract4
Extract 4 -------
EE Disagreeing
Disagreeing Extract 55 _______
Extract
FF Persuading
Persuading Extract 66 _______
Extract
G Correcting
G Correcting

EXAM
EXAM SKILLS]
SKILLS
Listen to
� Listen to Jane
Jane and
and Bill,
Bill, who
who are are discussing
discussing the
the results
results of
of aa survey
survey about
about changes
changes to
to
-= their
their town,
town, Ashtown,
Ashtown, over
over the
the last
last 25
25 years,
years, and
and choose
choose the
the correct
correct answer,
answer, A,
A, B
B or
or C.
C.

37 1 In
1 In Bill's
Bill's opinion,
opinion, why
why areare there
there fewer
fewer buses
buses in
in Ashtown?
Ashtown?
A The buses are old and uncomfortable.
A The buses are old and uncomfortable.
B Fares
B Fares have
have gone
gone upup too
too much.
much.
C There
C There are
are not
not so
so many
many routes.
routes.
2 What
2 What change
change does
does Bill
Bill think
think has
has benefited
benefited the
the town
town centre
centre the
the most?
most?
AA the
the construction
construction of of aa bypass
bypass
B the development of cycle
B the development of cycle paths paths
C the
C the banning
banning ofof cars
cars from
from certain
certain areas
areas
3 Which
3 Which area
area does
does Bill
Bill think
think most
most people
people are
are employed
employed in?in?
A manufacturing
A manufacturing
B services
B services
C education
C education
What changes
What changes have
have been
been made
made toto the
the facilities?
facilities? Choose
Choose FIVE
FIVE answers
answers from
from the
the box
box
and write the correct letter, A-G, next to facilities 4-8.
and write the correct letter, A-G, next to facilities 4-8.

Action
Action Facilities
Facilities

A itit has
A has moved
moved toto aa new
new location
location 4 railway
4 railway station
station car
car park
park
BB itit is
is now
now used
used for
for aa different
different purpose
purpose 5 cinema
5 cinema
C it uses more technology
C uses more technology than in
it than in 6 indoor
6 indoor market
market
the past
the past 7 library
7 library
DD itit has
has been
been closed
closed down
down 8 art
8 art college
college
E it is
E it is less
less popular
popular than
than itit used
used to
to be
be
FF it has
it has been
been sold
sold to
to aa different
different
organisation
organisation
G it has
G it been expanded
has been expanded

UNIT 04 / LISTENING
 UNIT 104: TRAVEL AND TRANSPORT

SPEAKING
IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL
LEARN HOW TO
• plan your long-turn answer for Speaking Part 2

• use the correct sequencing words to give your

answer a clear structure
• understand sentence stress when using
sequencing words
• deal with follow-up questions
after your long turn.

AD-IN

@I!a Ask
Ask and
and answer
answerthese
these questions
questions with
with aa partner. partner.

11 What
What different
different places
places have
have you
you been
been to
to on
on holiday?
holiday?
2 Have you ever been to the desert? What about aa city
2 Have you ever been to the desert? What about city break?
break?
33 What
What kind
kind of
of transport
transport have
have you
you used
used during
during holidays
holidays in
in the
the past?
past?
44 Have
Have you
you ever
ever travelled
travelled anywhere
anywhere alone?
alone?

PREPARING FOR
PREPARING FOR SPEAKING
SPEAKING PART
PART 22]
Listento
� Listen to the
the instructions
instructionsthetheexaminer
examinergives
gives at
at thethe start
start of
ofSpeaking
Speaking Part
Part 22 and
and
choose the
the correct
correct answer.
answer.
..... choose
38
38 11 You
You can
can choose
choose the
the topic
topic for
for Speaking
Speaking Part
Part 2.2. // The
The examiner
examiner will
will give
giveyou
you aa topic.
topic.
22 You
You have
have one
one minute
minute toto make
make notes.
notes.// You
You have
have lots lots of
oftime
time to
to make
make notes.
notes.
3 You should make notes on the paper provided./ You can
3 You should make notes on the paper provided. / You can make notes on the make notes on thetask
task card.
card.
44 The
The maximum
maximum timetime to
to talk
talk isis two
two minutes.
minutes.// YouYou can can talk
talk as
as long
long as
as you
you like.
like.
5 You can stop talking if you have nothing to say./ You should
5 You can stop talking you have nothing to say. / You should keep talking until
if
keep talking until the
the
examiner stops
examiner stops you.
you.

UNIT 04/ SPEAKING

 Look at
� Look at the
the task
task the
the examiner
examiner gave
gave the
the student
student in
in exercise
exercise 2.
2.
TIP
The sections
The sections on
on the
the task
task card
card
Describe an
Describe an excitingjourney
exciting journey you
you once
once took.
took. should usually
should usually be
be taken
taken in
in order,
order,
You should
You should say:
say: · so
so itit reads
reads like
like aa real
real story
story where
where
you set
you set the
the scene
scene inin the
the
•• when
when and
and where
where you
you went
went on
on the
the journey
journey · beginning,
beginning, thenthen give
give your
your
•• what
what kind
kind of
of transport
transport you
you used
used opinions at
opinions at the
the end.
end.
•• what
what happened
happened onon thejourney
the journey
and explain
and explain what
what you
you remember
remember most
most about
about the
thejourney.
journey.

Complete this
� Complete this table
table with
with your
your own
own ideas,
ideas, then
then practise
practise asking
asking and
and answering
answering the
the TIP
questions with
questions with aa partner.
partner. It sometimes
sometimes helps
helps ifif you
you
It

add some
add some questions
questions of
of
When and
When and where
where you
you Where did
Where did I go?
go? I
your own
your own to
to the
the task,
task, to
to
went on
went on the
the journey
journey give you
give you more
more to
to say.
say.
When did
When did I go?
go? I

Who did
Who did I go
go with?
I
with?

What kind
What kind of
of transport
transport What kind
What kind of
of transport
transport did
did I use?
Iuse?
you used
you used
Why did
Why did I use
use that
I that kind
kind of
of transport?
transport?

What do
What do I remember
remember about
I about the
the transport?
transport?

What happened
What happened on
on the
the Interesting point 1
Interesting point 1
journey
journey
Interesting point 2
Interesting point 2

Interesting point 3
Interesting point 3

And explain
And explain what
what you
you What do
What do I remember?
remember? (Item
I
(Item 1)
1)
remember most
remember most about
about
the journey
the journey Why do
Why do I remember
Iremember it?
it?

What do
What do I remember?
remember? (Item
I
(Item 2)
2)

Why do
Why do I remember
Iremember it?
it?

UNIT 04/ SPEAKING

 USING SEQUENCING WORDS
SING SEQUENCING WORDS

Close your
� Close your books
books and
and listen
listen to
to the
the student
student attempting
attempting the
the task
task in
in exercise
exercise 3.
3.
Look at the pictures and listen again. As you listen, put the pictures in the O You need
need to
to use
use the
the correct
correct
-=
You
Look at the pictures and listen again. As you listen, put the pictures in the
i1� order
35
order they
they happened.
happened. sequencing words
sequencing words during
during the
the long
long
turn so that the examiner can
turn so that the examiner can
understand what
understand what happened
happened from
from
beginning to
beginning to end.
end.

�.

1 2
AUGUST
3 4 5 6
a ••
9 10
10 11 @
11 12 13
13 14
14

15
15 16 17
17 18
18 19
19 20
20 21
21

22
22 23
23 24
24 25
25 26
26 27
27 28
28

29
29 30
30 31
31

II

II a

UNIT 04 / SPEAKING
 Use the
� Use the words
words from
from the
the box
box and
and your
your ideas
ideas from
from exercise
exercise 44 to
to plan
plan your
your own
own answer
answer
to the
to the task.
task. Then
Then practise
practise your
your answer
answer with
with aa partner.
partner.

after
after until
until as
as and
and because
because before
before in order
in order to
to
now
now once
once or
or since
since although
although when
when whether
whether
while
while yet
yet so
so but
but where
where

PRONOUNCING
ONOUNCING SEQUENCING WORDS
EQUENCING WORDS

f'ol7"
Listen to
Listen to sentences
sentences 1-5.
1-5. Decide
Decide whether
whether the
the words
words in
in bold
bold are
are stressed
stressed or
or unstressed.
unstressed.
� Underline
Underline the
the stressed
stressed words.
words.
-- - 1 I boarded
boarded aa plane
plane to
to Paris,
Paris, which
which was
was rather
rather exciting
exciting as
as I had
had never
never done
done
1 1 I

that before.
that before.
22 Since
Since I
I come
come from
from China,
China, it
it took
took aa long
long time
time to
to arrive,
arrive, but
but when
when I got
got there,
there,I

the first
the first thing
thing I did
did was
was go
go to
to the
I
the Louvre
Louvre Museum.
Museum.
33I had
had trouble
1
trouble ordering
ordering food
food because
because I don't
don't speak
speak any
I
any French.
French.
4 Once
4 Once I had
had eaten,
eaten, I then
I
then took
took aa tour
Itour bus
bus to
to the
the Champs
Champs Elysées
Elysees in
in order
order to
to do
do aa bit
bit
of shopping.
of shopping.
5 As
5 As I got
got back
back on
I
on the
the tour
tour bus
bus and
and started
started taking
taking pictures,
pictures, I dropped
dropped my
my camera
camera
I

over the
over the side.
side.

CHOOSING THE
CHOOSING THE CORRECT
CORRECT SEQUENCING
SEQUENCING WORDS

Connect the
� Connect the sentence
sentence beginnings,
beginnings, 1-10,
1-10, with
with the
the sentence
sentence endings,
endings, a-j,
a-j, and
and the
the
correct sequencing
correct sequencing words.
words. More
More than
than one
one answer
answer may
may be
be possible.
possible.

1 This was
1 This was rather
rather exciting
exciting but
but a took
a took aa tour
tour bus.
bus.
2
2 It It took
took aa long
long time
time to
to arrive
arrive as
as b
b I come
I come from
from China.
China.
3
3 It It was
was aa great
great experience
experience and
and c started
c started taking
taking pictures.
pictures.
4
4 I I went
went to
to aa restaurant
restaurant although
although d
d I had
I had eaten.
eaten.
5
5 I went
I
went to
to the
the Champs
Champs Elysées
Elysees then
then e
e I went
I went on
on to
to buy
buy as
as much
much as
as I could.
could.
I

to do
to do aa bit
bit of
of shopping
shopping
6
6 I then
I then took
took aa tour
tour bus
bus since
since f I had
f had never
I never done
done that
that before.
before.
7
7 I took
I took the
the flight
flight back
back to
to China
China once
once g
g I was
I
was pretty
pretty hungry
hungry around
around that
that
time.
time.

8
8 I got
I
got back
back on
on the
the tour
tour bus
bus where
where h next
h next time
time I think
think I should
I should study
I study
French.
French.

9
9 I started
I
started taking
taking pictures
pictures after
after i everything was
everything was over.
over.
10 Once
10 Once I had
had eaten,
eaten, I
I
I
because
because j I
I dropped
dropped my
my camera
camera over
over the
the side.
side.

UNIT 04/
UNIT 04 / SPEAKING
SPEAKING 85
 DEALING WITH
DEALING WITH FOLLOW-UP
FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS

@:g Listen to THREE recordings, A, BBand

Listen to THREE recordings, A, C, and
and C, and answer
answer these
these questions.
questions.
TIP
11 How many
How many questions
questions did
did the
the examiner
examiner ask?
ask?
When ending the long
41-
2 What
2 kind of
What kind of questions
questions did
did the
the examiner
examiner ask?
ask? turn, try to summarise
turn, try to summarise
3 How
3 How long
long was
was the
the student's
student's answer?
answer? what you
what you have
have said.
said.

Share your
Share your ideas
ideas with
with aa partner.
partner.

EXAM SKILLS
EXAM SKILLS ]
Ask and
� Ask and answer
answer these
these Speaking
Speaking Part
Part 11 questions
questions with
with aa partner.
partner.
11 Do
Do you
you usually
usually go
go on
on holiday
holiday every
every year?
year?
22 Do
Do you
you prefer
prefer to
to go
go to
to cities
cities or
or the
the countryside?
countryside?
33 Do
Do you
you like
like to
to travel
travel alone
alone or
or with
with other
other people?
people?
44 Why do people
Why do people like
like to
to travel?
travel?

Answer the
� Answer the prompts
prompts in
in this
this Speaking
Speaking Part
Part 22 task.
task. Try
Try to
to talk
talk for
for TWO
TWO full
full minutes.
minutes.

Describe an
Describe an exciting
exciting journey
journey you
you once
once took.
took.
You should
You should say:
say:
• when
• when and
and where
where you
you went
went on
on the
thejourney
journey
• what
• what kind
kind of
of transport
transport you
you used
used
• what
• what happened
happened onon thejourney
the journey
and explain
and explain what
what you
you remember
remember most
most about
about the
the journey.
journey.

rn As you
As you listen
When
listen to
your
to your
your partner,
partner
partner, try
has
try to
finished,
to think
think of
of TWO
TWO follow-up
ask.follow-up
follow-up questions.
questions.
questions.
For example:
When your partner has finished, ask follow-up questions. For example:
Would pu
Would you .9..?.
Do you
Do you 9
...?
!�there
Is there 9..?

UNIT 04 / SPEAKING