PHYSICS

Module 2: WEEK 4

Lesson 4: Measurement
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson the learner will be able to:
1.Define Accuracy and Precision
2. Illustrate the accurateness and preciseness of a measurement
3. Enumerate the fundamental quantities of measurement
4. State the formulas of the Derived Quantities of Measurement

II. Lesson Proper

A. Acquire
Lesson 4.1: Accuracy and Precision
Precision
The precision of the measurement is the degree of agreement between different values obtained
under basically the same condition. It is a measure of the degree to which measurement agree.
Ex.
STUDENTS Measures of Pencil We can say that the values
obtained
obtained are precise because
Ana 9.60
the values are close to one
Abdul 9.70
another
Annie 9.60

Accuracy
the accuracy of a numerical result is the degree of agreement between the experimental result
and the true value.
Ex.
True Value Results obtained
9.60
9.65 9.70
9.60 The average of these experimental results is
9. 63. We can say that the results are accurate
because it is close to the true value.

4.2: Fundamental Quantities of Measurement

1. Length is the measure of distance from one point to another. The SI unit of length is meter (m).
2. Mass is the measure of the quantity of matter in a body. The SI unit of mass is Kg
3. Time is the measure of duration or the interval between two events or phenomena. The SI unit for time is
second (s).
4. Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of all molecules of a given substance. The SI unit
of temperature is kelvin (K)
5. Luminous intensity is the measure of radiant intensity in a given direction. It also pertains to the brightness
of light. SI unit is candela (cd)
6. Electric current is the measure of flow of electrical charges. SI unit of electric current is ampere (A).
7. Mole is the amount of substance which contains as many entities as there are atoms in 0.12 Kg of carbon 12.
- Avogadro’s number is equal to 6.02 x1023 molecule/mol.

4.3: Derived Quantities of Measurement

1. Area is the amount of surface usually expressed in square meters (m2).
rectangle A=lw
square A=s2
triangle A=1/2 bh
circle A= πr2

2. Volume is the total space occupied by a body. SI unit is the cubic meter (m3)
Rectangular prism V=lwh
Cylinder V=πr2h

3. Density is the ratio of mass to volume of a given material. Its SI unit is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/ m3).
m
density =
v
4. Speed is the distance traveled by an object per unit of time. SI unit is (m/s).
v=d/t
5. acceleration is the rate at which the velocity of a moving body changes. The change in velocity may be in
magnitude (speed), direction or both. Measured in meter per second squared (m/s2).
∆v
a=
∆t
6. Weight is the pull of gravity in an object. It is expressed in newtons (N).
- 1 newton is equal to 1kg. m/s2

4.4: Conversion
Some conversion Factors of the English and metric systems of measurement.
Length and Volume
1 in 2.54 cm
1 ft. 0.3048 m
1m 39.37 in
1 mi 1.6093 km
1L 103 cm3 or 10-3 m3
1m3 100 cm3
Mass
1 kg 2.2 lb.

Sample Problems:
1. Annie is 5 ft and 4 inches tall. What is her height in meters?
Solution:
 ¿
5 ft x12∈ 1 ft ¿ = 60 in

5 ft and 4 in = 60 in + 4 in =64 in
2.54 cm 1m
64 in x x = 1.6 m
1∈¿ ¿ 100 cm
2. what is the equivalent of the density of aluminum (2.7 g/cm3) in kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3)?
2.7 g 1 kg (100 cm 3)
x x = 2700 kg/m3
cm3 1000 g 1 m3
= 2.7 x103 kg/m3
1. find the density of a book which measures 25cmx20cmx1.8cm and has a mass of 0.5 kg.

Solution:
Physics Week 4 Answer Sheet
Name: ___________________________________________________

I. Identification: write your answer on space provided before each number.

_________________1. Standard unit for volume.
_________________2. Measure of the degree to which measurement agree.
_________________3. Is the measure of radiant intensity in a given direction
_________________4. Value of Avogadro’s number
_________________5. Is the pull of gravity in an object.

II. Solving problem

1.) find the density of a wood which measures 2.) Mema is 170.03 tall. Express her height in
15cmx20cmx1.5cm and has a mass of 0.8 kg meters.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Module 2: week 4
Lesson: cycle in the Biosphere
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson the learner will be able to:
1. identify some carbon facts.
2. illustrate the carbon cycle
3. state the importance of nutrient cycle

II. Lesson Proper

A. Acquire
Lesson 1.1 Nutrient cycle

Nutrients
• Substance that an organism must obtain from its surroundings for growth and the sustainment of life
• These nutrients are necessary for growth therefore must contain the elements necessary for
building blocks
Lesson 1.2: CARBON
Forms of Carbon on our planet
 Carbon dioxide
 Sugars
How are these forms cycled?
 Photosynthesis
 Cellular respiration
Carbon facts
• Life on Earth is carbon-based.
• Carbon is a lively element that readily combines with other elements to make organic compounds.
• A lot of your body, and everybody, is made of carbon.
• Some carbon parts of your body, right now, were parts of living plants only a few months ago.
• Plants, through photosynthesis, make carbohydrates that animals eat for food.
 • You eat the plants, salad or bread or pasta, or another animal (cow), ate the plants then you ate the
animal (meatballs), and pretty soon the carbon that was part of grass became part of you.
• Part of the carbon cycle is very fast; the rock-forming part and coal-petroleum--natural gas part takes
millions of years.
• Enormous amounts of carbon are stored as coal etc
• Human impact
• In the ocean, sediments are the largest reservoirs of carbon--this carbon is not accessible to life
• On land, forests are the largest reservoirs of carbon--up to 80% of the aboveground carbon. Most of it is
in the tissues of trees. Russia and the Amazon basin together hold about 45% of the world's forest
carbon.
• Living organisms are crucial to the carbon cycle.
The Carbon Cycle

Reservoirs

Processes/
Locations

Trophic
Levels/
Organisms

Environmental Science Week 4 Answer Sheet

Name: ___________________________________________________

I. Identification: write your answer on space provided before each number.

_________________1. is a lively element that readily combines with other elements to make organic
compounds.
_________________2. are necessary for growth therefore must contain the elements necessary for building
blocks
_________________3. Percentage of carbon in the forest.
_________________4.
Forms of carbon in our planet
_________________5.

II. essay
1. discuss the importance of nutrient cycle.

Ans.
III. Draw the carbon cycle.
NOTE: Use another sheet of bond paper