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Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 9

Department of Education-Region X. Republic of the Philippines

Mathematics- Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 - Module 9: Illustrating Mutually Exclusive Events
First Edition, 2020
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The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Division of Bukidnon

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Jennifer Q. Beliganio, PhDEDAS (CAR)

Reviewers: Rhodel A. Lamban, PhD
Elbert R. Francisco, PhD
Alicia P. Micayabas, PhD
Manilen S. Lizano, PhD, Ed Ad (CAR)
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Michael V. Beliganio
Vonn Mica Ella Q. Beliganio
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Asst. Regional Director

Randolph B. Tortola, PhD, CESO IV

Schools Division Superintendent

Shambaeh A. Usman, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM

Members Elbert R. Francisco, PhD, Chief ES, CID

Rhodel A. Lamban, PhD, EPS in Mathematics
Rejynne Mary L. Ruiz, PhD, LRMDS Manager
Jeny B. Timbal, PDO II
Shella O. Bolasco, Division Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Division of Bukidnon
Office Address: Sumpong, Malaybalay City
Telephone: (088) 813-3634
E-mail Address: bukidnon@deped.gov.ph
 10
Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 9
(Illustrating Mutually Exclusive Events)

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at
bukidnon@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education-Region X
Republic of the Philippines
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS

WHAT THIS MODULE IS ABOUT

Note to the Teacher/Facilitator i
Note to the Learner ii
Note to the Parents/Guardian ii
iii
Module Icons
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW 1
WHAT I KNOW (Pretest) 2

Lesson 1: Mutually Exclusive Events

What’s In 5
What’s New 6
What Is It 7
What’s More 12
Guided/Controlled Practice
Independent Practice
Guided Assessment
Independent Assessment
What I Have Learned 16
What I Can Do 17

ASSESSMENT 19
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES 22

ANSWER KEY 23

REFERENCES 25

What This Module is About

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Mutually Exclusive Events!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling amid COVID-19.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box
in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will

help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use

this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected
to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

i
For the Learner:

Hello dear learner! Welcome to Mathematics 10 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Mutually Exclusive Events!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning on the foundation of
probability with exciting and challenging activities that will allow you to
process the contents of the learning resource in a less complicated manner
while being an active learner with your own pace and time. So, relax and
enjoy!

For the Parents/Guardian:

Hello dear parents/guardian. Welcome to Mathematics 10 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Mutually Exclusive Events prepared for you
child/children. May this module be helpful in providing your child/children
an opportunity to learn in a new normal situation we are facing now a days.
May you also enjoy in guiding your child/children in doing some of the
activities where your participation is highly in demand. Thank you very
much. God bless us all!
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
ii

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you

What I Need to Know are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims

to check what you already know about
the lesson. You may decide to skip this
module if you can answer all items
correctly.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
What’s In
lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced

to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion

of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts and
skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to strengthen your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions/sentences/
Learned paragraph to be done on what y ou have
learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which

will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery
Assessment
in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be

given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends

iii
 retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module,
do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module tries to walk you through the foundation

of probability with exciting and challenging activities that will allow you to
learn in a less complicated manner. The scope of this module permits it to
be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.

This module consists of one lesson only. You are expected to finish
studying this module for 2-4 days.
 Lesson 1 – Mutually Exclusive Events

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Illustrate mutually exclusive events;

2. identify and define mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive
events;
3. determine mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive events;
4. draw Venn diagram of a mutually exclusive and not mutually
exclusive events; and
5. find the probability of a mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive
events.

You may skip this module if you get a perfect score or at

least 9 out of 15 items in the pretest. However, you are expected
to study if you missed few items. You may also do the series of
activities at your own desire.

iv
 What I Know

Directions: This is to assess how far have you already known about the
topic on this module. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the
following questions and write it in a separate paper.

1. Which of the following situations illustrate mutually exclusive event?

A. Turning left and turning right
B. Turning left and scratching your head
C. Drawing kings and hearts in a standard deck of cards
D. Getting an odd and a number less than 3 when rolling a die?

2. Which of the following pairs is a not-mutually exclusive events?

I. Sit down and stand up
II. Dance and pinch your nose
III. Two dice: Odd and even
IV. Getting a head and a tail when tossing a coin
A. II only B. III only C. II and III only D. All of the above

3. Which of the following diagrams illustrate mutually exclusive events?

A. B. A

A B

A B A B
C. D.

4. Given S={1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}, A={1,3,5,7,9}, and B={2,4,6,8,10}. Are

events A and B mutually exclusive?
A. Yes B. No

5. A card is selected at random from an ordinary deck of playing cards.

What is the probability that the card drawn is a 5 or a 10?

B. C. D.
 For items #6 & #7. The probability that either event A or B occurs
is the sum of their probabilities decreased by probability of both
occurring.
2
6. How is this written in symbols?
A. P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B) B. P(A and B)= P(A) + P(B)- P(A and B)
C. P(A or B)= P(A) – P(B) D. P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B)- P(A and B)

7. What event is described in the above situation?

A. Simple Events B. Mutually Exclusive Events
C. Independent Events D. Not-mutually Exclusive Events

8. A card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. What is the

probability of choosing a Queen or a King?

A. 0 B. C. D.

9. Two fair dice are thrown. What is the probability that the first die
shows 5 or the second die shows 6?

A. B. C. D.

10. A card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. What is the

probability of choosing a Queen or a Diamond?

B. C. D.

11. Out of 28 students of Grade 10 Taurus, 19 uses Facebook, 11 uses

Instagram, and 5 uses both Facebook and Instagram. What is the
probability that a selected student uses Facebook or Instagram?

A. B. C. D.

12. A box contains 21 chips numbered 1 to 21. If a chip is drawn

randomly from the bowl, what is the probability that it is a number
divisible by three or a number divisible by 7?

A. B. C. D.

13. A number is selected from {1, 2, 3, ..., 11, 12}. What is the
probability that a number drawn is even or divisible by three?
A. 0.5 B. 0.5833 C. 0.6667 D. 0.8333
 14. A class contains 16 males and 12 females. Half of the male and
half the female like Korean Dramas. What is the probability that a
student chosen at random is a female or likes Korean Dramas?
Female Male Total
Likes Korean Dramas 6 8 14
Do not like Korean Dramas 6 8 14
Total 12 16 28
A. 21% B. 43% C. 50% D. 71 %
3

15. A local postal carrier distributes letters, magazines, or

advertisements. For a certain week, a messenger distributed the
following number of each type of item. If an item of mail is selected at
random, what is the probability that the item went to a home?

Delivered to Letters Ads Magazines

Home 325 406 203

Business 732 1021 97

A. 0.3355 B. 0.3480 C. 0.3797 D. 0.50

Lesson 4
Mutually Exclusive Events
1

As we grow older, we hear different sayings and idioms. Some of them

seem make a little sense, some are not, and some are so brilliantly simple.
Have you ever heard a saying, “You can’t have a cake and eat it, too? This
saying is a perfect way to explain mutually exclusive events. The saying
refers to the fact that you cannot both eat and still have it in front of you at
the same time. Statistically speaking, having your cake, and eating your
cake, are mutually exclusive.

What’s In

Before proceeding to the rest of this lesson, do the activity below.

A. The Venn diagram at the right shows
the probability of Grade 10 students
0.1 0.2
playing either Mobile Legend (ML) or
0.4
Clash of Clans (CoC). Use the Venn
diagram to find the probabilities of
1. P(ML)
0.3 ML CoC
2. P(CoC)
3. P(ML U CoC)
4. P(ML ∩ CoC)
5. P(ML U CoC)’
B. The spinner below is spun. Find the probability that it is:
6. an even number or a number less than 4?
7. an odd number
8.In
C. anan
odd or a number77%
examination, lessofthan
the 3candidates passed mathematics, 75%
9. 5 or in
passed anphysics,
odd number
and 67% passed in both subjects. If 75 candidates
10. an
failed in even
both number
subjects,ordraw
a number
a Venn less than 3.to find the total number of
diagram
candidates and answer the following questions:

11. How many appeared at the examination?

12. How many passed both subjects?
13. How many passed in math only?
14. How many passed in physics only?
15. What is the percentage of candidates who failed in both subjects?
 What’s New 5

Let’s explore

Consider the situations below and answer the questions that follow.
Write it in a separate sheet of paper.

1. A rectangular box contains balls numbered {1, 2, 3, … , 18, 19, 20}. If

a ball is randomly drawn from a box, what is the probability that it is

a. 3 or 15?
b. a number divisible by 4 or a number divisible by 5?
c. Odd or a number divisible by 2?

2. If you draw one card from a standard deck of card, what is the
probability of drawing a diamond or a black card?

3. Out of 217 Grade 10 enrollees of San Andres National High School

during school year 2019-2020, 197 enrollees had completed their
Junior High School Curriculum, 7 enrollees had transferred to
another school, and 2 enrollees had transferred to another school and
had completed their Junior High School Curriculum. What is the
probability that a randomly selected enrollee has completed Junior
High School Curriculum or had transferred to another school?

Reflect:

1. How did you answer each question?

2. What did you notice about the events in each question?
 3. Draw a Venn diagram showing the sample space for number
3. What do you notice about the Venn diagram?

What Is It 6

When there are two or more events, it is important to understand how

they are related before finding the probability of one or the other event
occurring.

The events in the above activity may either be mutually exclusive or

not mutually exclusive events. Mutually Exclusive Events are events that
cannot occur at the same time.

In problem 1a of the preceding activity, the event of getting a 3 and

the event of getting a 15 from the set {1,2,3,…,18,19,20} are mutually
exclusive events. Why? Since A ∩ B=0. Meaning, there is no chance of
drawing a ball numbered 3 and 15 at the same time.

Figure 1 illustrates the Venn diagram of a mutually exclusive

events. Two events are said to be mutually exclusive if they have no
outcomes in common. Thus, they do not intersect, or they are disjoint
events. The probability that either event A or B occurs is the sum of
their probabilities. In symbols,

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

Where:
P(A ∩ B) = 0

a A B

P(A or B)

Figure 1. Venn diagram of Mutually Exclusive Events

Suppose you draw a card from a standard deck of 52 cards. What is

the probability of drawing a king or a queen? Since a card cannot be a king
or a queen, the events are mutually exclusive. That is, the two events
cannot happen at the same time. The probability of drawing a king or a
queen is found by adding their individual probabilities.

P(drawing a king or a queen) = P(drawing a king) + P(drawing a queen)

 = +

= or

The probability of drawing a king or a queen is .

7

If two events, A and B are mutually exclusive, then

the probability that either event A or B occurs is
the sum of their probabilities.
That is
Probability of P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
Mutually Exclusive or
Events P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B)
which means
P(A∩B)= 0

On the other hand, the event of getting a number divisible by 4 or the

number divisible by 5 from the set {1,2,3,…,18,19,20} in problem 1b in the
preceding activity, is an example of a not mutually exclusive events. Why?
Since a subset of a number divisible by 4 which is 20 is also a subset of a
number divisible by 5. Two events A and B are said to be Not Mutually
Exclusive Events if they can occur at the same time.

Figure 2 illustrates the Venn diagram of a not mutually exclusive

events. Two events are said to be not mutually exclusive if they have
outcomes in common. Thus, they do intersect, or they are joint events.
The probability that either event A or B occurs is the sum of their
probabilities decreased by the probability of both occurring. In
symbols,

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)

a
A B

bb
P(A or B)

Figure 2. Venn diagram of Not Mutually Exclusive Events

If you draw a card from a standard deck of cards of 52 cards, what is

the probability of drawing a queen or a heart? Since it is possible to draw a
card that is both a queen and a heart, these events are not mutually
exclusive. They are called inclusive events. That is, the two events can
happen at the same time. The probability of drawing a queen is counted
twice, once for a queen and once for a heart. To find the correct probability,
you must subtract P(queen of hearts) from the sum of their individual
probabilities.

P(queen or heart) = P(queen) + P(heart) – P(queen of hearts)

= + - = or

The probability of drawing a king or a queen is .

If two events, A and B are not mutually exclusive, then

the probability that either event A or B occurs is the
sum of their probabilities decreased by the
probability of both occurring
Probability of Not That is
Mutually Exclusive P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)
Events or
P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B) ) – P(A and B)
which means
P(A∩B) ≠ 0

Example 1 Mavonprime has three P10, four P5, and five P1 coins
in her pocket. She takes one coin from her pocket at
random. What is the probability that it is a P10 or a
P1?

Solution:

These are mutually exclusive events since a coin cannot

be a P10 and a P1 at the same time. Since P(P10 or
P1)=0, then find the sum of the individual probabilities.

P(P10 or P1) = P(P10) + P(P1)

= + = or

The probability of selecting a P10 or a P1 is .

 9

Example 2 One die is tossed. What is the probability

that it shows a 3 or a 5?

Solution:

If you tossed a die, the number that would come

up could be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. There are 6 possible
outcomes in all. Therefore, the probability that it will
show a “3” is 1 out of 6, so with a “5”. In symbol, that is

P(3 or 5) = + = or or 0.3333

Using Venn diagram, that is

3 5 These events are

mutually exclusive
since they have no
P(3 or 5)
outcomes in common.

Example A woman’s footwear store owner buys from three

companies: A, B, and C. The most recent purchases
are shown below. If one is selected at random, what is
the probability that it was purchased from company B
or company C?
Company
Product A B C Total
Doll shoes 30 24 16 70
Rubber 15 20 22 57
shoes
Total 45 44 38 127

Solution:

Events B and C are mutually exclusive since they

have no outcomes in common.

That is P(B or C) = + = or 0. 6457

 10

Example 4 There are 5 boys and 6 girls on the yearbook staff. A

committee of 5 people is being selected at random to
design the front cover of the book. What is the
probability that the committee will have at least 3 boys?

Solution:

“At least 3 boys” means that the committee may

have 3, 4, or 5 boys. It is not possible to select a group of
3 boys, a group of 4 boys, and a group of 5 boys all in
the same 5-member committee.

P(at least 3 boys) = P(3 boys) + P(4 boys) + P(5 boys)

3 boys, 2 girls 4 boys, 1 girls 5 boys, 0 girls

+ +

= + +

=
Watch the video using this links:
https://youtu.be/rGekybNs2V8
https://youtu.be/X6usGgwXFyU
 Notes to the Teacher

Please emphasize to the students that when there are

two or more events, it is important to understand how they are
related before finding the probability of one or the other event
occurring.
GUIDED/
CONTROLLED
PRACTICE

11

What’s More

A. Determine whether each of the following situation is

mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive events. You
may work this with your peer/parents at home.

1. Throwing the ball up and down

2. Raising your arm and bending your knees
3. Going inside and outside of the classroom
4. Getting both head and a tail when tossing a coin
5. Getting a king and a diamond when picking a card from
standard deck

B. Determine if each event of drawing a card from a

standard deck of playing card is mutually exclusive or
not mutually exclusive events. Then find its probability

GUIDED 6. P(3 or 10)

ASSESSMENT
7. P(5 or jack)
8. P(spade or diamond)
9. P(ace or king )
 10. P(heart or club)

C. Four coins are dropped onto the floor. Find the probability

11. P(at least 3 heads)

12. P(3 tails or 1 head)
13. P(all heads or all tails)
14. P(2 tails or 2 heads)
15. P(at least 2 tails)

To check your knowledge and skills, answer Guided

Assessment below. Good luck!

A. Determine whether each of the following situation is

mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive events. Do
this with your peer/parents at home.

1. Drinking hot, luke warm and cold water

2. Pinching your nose, telling a story, and picking a garbage
3. Scrubbing and sweeping the floor
4. Getting both head and both tail when tossing 2 coins
5. Getting 12
a jack, a club or a spade when picking a card from
a standard deck

B. Determine whether each of the following event is

mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive events. Then
find its probability.

6. Getting a 6 or a number divisible by 3 when rolling a

INDEPENDENT die
PRACTICE
7. Getting a jack or an ace when picking a card from a
standard deck
8. Selecting a blue or a red when picking a ball from a box
that
contains 10 blue balls and 15 red balls
9. Selecting a letter A from the word PROBABILITY or a vowel
10. Getting a head or a tail when tossing a coin

C. Two cards are drawn from a standard deck of playing card.

Find each probability.

11. P(both queen or both red)

12. P(both kings or both jack)
13. P(both spade or both diamond)
 14. P(both ace or both king)
15. P(both heart or both club)

Try assessing the following items by yourself.

A. Consider each problem below. Draw a Venn diagram for

each. Determine whether the events are mutually exclusive or
not mutually exclusive events (inclusive). Then, find the
probability.

1. A box of lollipops contains 5 strawberry flavor, 10

chocolate flavor, and 4 milk flavor. If a lollipop is
picked, what is the probability that it is strawberry
flavor or milk flavor?

2. A single card is drawn from a deck, what is the

probability that a card drawn is a black card or a 5?

3. For the family in the province, the probabilities that

the parents, children, or both will watch “Ang
Probinsyano” are 0.45, 0.15, and 0.25 respectively.
Find the probability that at least one of them watches
the program.

4. Given two events A and B such that P(A)=0.55,

13
P(B)=0.3 and P(A∩B)=0.13. Find P(AUB).

5. A basket contains 5 bananas, 6 oranges, and 5

apples. If Kylah randomly select a fruit, what is the
probability that it is a banana or an orange?
INDEPENDENT
ASSESSMENT B. A number is selected from {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12, 13}. Find the probability of each.

6. The number drawn is odd

7. The number drawn is 5 or 9
8. The number drawn is divisible by 3 or divisible 4
9. The number drawn is 6 or a number divisible by 2
10. The number drawn is 11, 12, or 13.

C. Five cards are dealt from a well-shuffle deck.

Find the probability that:

11. All cards are face cards

12. 3 are face cards and 2 are sevens.
 13. All are face cards or all are red cards.
14. 4 are face cards or 1 is three.
15. None is a face card.

If your score is at least 9 out of 15 items, you may

skip the Independent Assessment and proceed
immediately to the next section. However, if you wish to
answer all the activities, your teacher will appreciate
your effort.

A. Consider each problem below. Draw a Venn diagram for

each. Determine whether the events are mutually exclusive or
not mutually exclusive events (inclusive). Then, find the
probability.

1. A bag contains 3 blue marbles, 4 pink marbles, 5

purple marbles, 9 green marbles, and 10 yellow
marbles. A marble is randomly selected from the
bag. Find the probability of selecting a pink marble
or a green marble.

2. Of 2000 persons under investigation (PUI) due to

Covid-19, 1050 PUI undergone random testing, 500
PUI undergone swab testing, and 200 PUI
undergone both random testing and swab testing.
What is the probability that a randomly selected PUI
14
undergone random testing or swab testing?

3. Mike’s basketball shooting records indicate that for any

frame, the probability that he will score in a two-point shoot
is 50%, a three-point shoot is 30%, and neither is 20%. What
is the probability that Mike will score either in a two-point
shoot or in a three-point shoot?

4. Six women and five men walk into an appliance store at

the same time. There are five salesperson available to help
them. Find the probability that a salesperson will first help at
least 2 women.

5. Mark is shopping for a new mobile phone. The probability

that someone buys Oppo is 25%, Huawei is 20%, Vivo is 10%,
both Oppo and Vivo is 5%, both Oppo and Huawei is 7%,
both Vivo and Huawei is 3%, and all of the brands is 2%.
What is the probability that Mark buys Oppo or Huawei?
B. Two dice are thrown simultaneously Find the probability of each.

6. Getting six as a product

7. Getting a sum of 8
8. Getting sum divisible by 5
9. Getting a multiple of 3 as a sum
10. Getting a total of at least 10

C. Melissa has 9 earrings in her jewelry box. Five are gold and
four are silver. If she randomly select 3 rings to wear to a
party, find each probability.

11. P(exactly 2 silver)

12. P(at least 2 gold)
13. P(all 3 gold or all three silver)
14. P(at least 1 silver)
15. P(exactly 3 gold)

15
What I Have Learned

A. Fill in the blanks to complete the statement.

1. Two events are said to be ___________________ if they have no
outcomes in common.
2. If two events, A and B are mutually exclusive, then the probability
that either event A or B occurs is the ___________________ of their
probabilities.
3. Two events A and B are said to be ___________________ if they can
occur at the same time.
4. The probability that either event A or B occurs is the sum of their
probabilities___________________ by the probability of both
occurring.
5. Not mutually exclusive events is also called ___________________
events.
6. In a mutually exclusive events, the probability that A intersects B
 or P(A∩B) equals ___________________.
7. If two events, A and B are mutually exclusive, then the probability
that either event A or B occurs is the sum of their probabilities. In
symbols, that is ___________________ or ___________________.
8. If two events, A and B are not mutually exclusive, then the
probability that either event A or B occurs is the sum of their
probabilities decreased by the probability of both occurring. In
symbols, that ___________________ or ___________________.
9. Draw the Venn diagram if two events X and Y are mutually
exclusive and label it.
10. Draw the Venn diagram if two events X and Y are inclusive and
label it.

B. In a Statistics class, there are 28 juniors and 12 seniors; 18 of the

juniors are males and 5 of the seniors are females. If a student is
selected at random, find the probability of selecting the following:

1. A junior
2. A male
3. A junior or a female

C. Explain why you need to subtract the intersection when two events
are not mutually exclusive.

16

What I Can Do

A. Answer the following questions. Write a report of your answers

using a minimum of 150 words. Be ready to present it in the class.

1. Think 5 situations in your life that involves events which are

mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive. Explain why the
events are mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive.

2. With the attack of Covid-19 pandemic, what do you think made the
IATF to declare ECQ in one province and GCQ in the other? Are the
two events mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive? Explain and
draw a Venn diagram.

3. If you are to choose a mode of learning, what do you prefer online

learning, modular learning, face to face, or blended learning? Why?
Illustrate these events with the use of Venn diagram.
 4. Explain the saying “The more you hate, the more you love”. Are love
and hate mutually exclusive events? If yes, why? If not, why?

5. Suppose there are three inclusive events, A, B, and C. List all the
events you would need in order to calculate P(A or B or C) and
describe how you would calculate the probability.

B. On a clean sheet of paper, paste 1 picture that describes mutually

exclusive and 1 picture for not mutually exclusive events. Be prepared
to present it in the class.

To fully understand, check the summary of this module in

the following page.

Summary:
17

In this module you have learned that events can be mutually exclusive
or not mutually exclusive events.

Mutually Exclusive Events

 A and B together is impossible/cannot happen at the same

time: P(A and B) or P(A ∩ B)=0
 The probability of events A or B is the sum of their probabilities:
P(A or B)=P(A) + P(B)

Not Mutually Exclusive Events

 A and B together is possible/can happen at the same time.

 The probability of events A or B is the sum of their probabilities
decreased by A and B: P(A or B)=P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)

Symbols

 And is ∩ (the “intersection” in symbol)

  Or is U (the “union” in symbol)

To help you remember, think:

“Or has more… than And”

Lastly, Also
you Uhave learned
is like a glassthat if there are two or more events, it is
which
important to understand how they are related before finding the probability
of one or the holds
other more than ∩.
event occurring.

https://youtu.be/gzYk192apRw

Assessment
18

Choose
1. Whichthe letter
of the which
following you think
situations correct
illustrate answers
mutually of theevent?
exclusive following
questions.
A. Turning left and turning right
B. Turning left and scratching your head
C. Drawing kings and hearts in a standard deck of cards
D. Getting an odd and a number less than 3 when rolling a die?

2. Which of the following pairs is a not-mutually exclusive events?

I. Sit down and stand up
II. Dance and pinch your nose
III. Two dice: Odd and even
IV. Getting a head and a tail when tossing a coin
A. II only B. III only C. II and III only D. All of the above

3. Which of the following diagrams illustrate mutually exclusive events?

A. B.
A
 A B

C. D. A B
A B A B

4. Given S={1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}, A={1,3,5,7,9}, and B={2,4,6,8,10}. Are

events A and B mutually exclusive?
A. Yes B. No

5. A card is selected at random from an ordinary deck of playing cards.

What is the probability that the card drawn is a 5 or a 10?

B. C. D.

For items #6 & #7.The probability that either event A or B occurs is

the sum of their probabilities decreased by probability of both
occurring.

6. How is this written in symbols?19

A. P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B) B. P(A and B)= P(A) + P(B)- P(A and B)
C. P(A or B)= P(A) – P(B) D. P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B)- P(A and B)
7. What event is described in the above situation?
A. Simple Events C. Mutually Exclusive Events
B. Independent Events D. Not-mutually Exclusive Events

8. A card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. What is the

probability of choosing a Queen or a King?

A. 0 B. C. D.

9. Two fair dice are thrown. What is the probability that the first die
shows 5 or the second die shows 6?

B. C. D.

10. A card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. What is the

probability of choosing a Queen or a Diamond?

B. C. D.

11. Out of 28 students of Grade 10 Taurus, 19 uses Facebook, 11 uses

Instagram, and 5 uses both Facebook and Instagram. What is the
probability that a selected student uses Facebook or Instagram?
B. C. D.

12. A box contains 21 chips numbered 1 to 21. If a chip is drawn

randomly from the bowl, what is the probability that it is a number
divisible by three or a number divisible by 7?

B. C. D.

13. A number is selected from {1, 2, 3, ..., 11, 12}. What is the probability
that a number drawn is even or divisible by three?
A. 0.5 B. 0.5833 C. 0.6667 D. 0.8333

14. A class contains 16 males and 12 females. Half of the male and half
the female like Korean Dramas. What is the probability that a student
chosen at random is a female or likes Korean Dramas?

Female Male Total

Likes Korean Dramas 6 8 14

Do not like Korean Dramas 6 8 14
Total 12 16 28

A. 21% B. 43% C. 50% D. 71 %

15. A local postal carrier distributes letters, magazines, or advertisements.
20
For a certain week, a messenger distributed the following number of each
type of item. If an item of mail is selected at random, what is the
probability that the item went to a home?

Delivered to Letters Ads Magazines

Home 325 406 203

Business 732 1021 97

A. 0.3355 B. 0.3480 C. 0.3797 D. 0.5049

 21
Additional Activities

Directions: Answer the cross word puzzle below.

1 2 14

15

8 5 12

6 9 10

11 13
Across Down

1-events that cannot occur at the same 2-the combination of two or more events

time. 4-The answer of addition

3-a field of mathematics that deals with 6-an outcome when tossing a coin

chance. 8-a small cube

5-the word that differs from mutually 10- an outcome when tossing a coin

exclusive events. 12-it denotes intersection

7-it denotes addition 14-to share common outcomes

9-refers to any collection of outcomes

11-it means “to decrease”

13-it means “to happen”

15-a metal object which has 2 possible

outcomes
Congratulations for reaching this far! Check your answers
against the Answer Key

22

22
 23
Guided Practice pp. 11
1. Mutually Exclusive Events
2. Not Mutually Exclusive Events
Independent Practice pp. 12-13 3. Mutually Exclusive Events
4. Mutually Exclusive Events
1. Mutually Exclusive Events; 5. Not Mutually Exclusive Events
2. Not Mutually Exclusive Events; 6. Mutually Exclusive Events;
3. Mutually Exclusive Events; 0.60 7. Mutually Exclusive Events;
4. Mutually Exclusive Events; 0.79 8. Mutually Exclusive Events;
5. Not Mutually Exclusive Events; 9. Mutually Exclusive Events;
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 10. Mutually Exclusive Events;
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
11. 0.0003
12. 0.0005
13. 0.0256
14. 0.0002
15. 0.2532 What’s More 
What’s New pp. 5
Guided Assessment pp. 11-12 1. a) b) c. 1
1. Mutually Exclusive Events
2. 3.
2. Not Mutually Exclusive Events
3. Not Mutually Exclusive Events
4. Mutually Exclusive Events
5. Not Mutually Exclusive Events What’s In pp. 4
6. Not Mutually Exclusive Events; A. B. C.
7. Mutually Exclusive Events; 1. 0.5 6. 0.75 11. 500
8. Mutually Exclusive Events; 1 2. 0.3 7. 0.5 12. 335
9. Not Mutually Exclusive Events; 3. 0.8 8. 0.625 13. 50
10. Mutually Exclusive Events; 1 4. 0.1 9. 0.5 14. 40
11. 5. 0.3 10. 0.625 15. 15%
12.
13.
14. What I Know pp. 1-3
15.
1. A 6. C 11. C
2. C 7. D 12. A
3. C 8. B 13. C
4. A 9. C 14. D
5. A 10.B 15. A
Answer Key
 24
What I Have Learned pp. 15
Additional Activities pp. 21
A.
1. MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE 1. Mutually Exclusive Events
2. UNION 2. Sum
3. Not Mutually
3. PROBABILITY 4. Decreased
4. SUM 5. Inclusive
X or Y X or Y
6. Zero
5. NOT
7. P(A or B) or P(A U B)
Y X Y X
6. HEAD 8. P(A or B) – P(A and B) or P(A U B) – P(A and
7. OR B)
9. 10.
8. DICE
9. EVENTS
10. TAIL
B.
11. SUBTRACT
1. P(a junior) =
12. AND 2. P(a male) =
3. P(a junior or a female) =
13. OCCUR C. because the same element/s is/are counted twice
14. INTERSECT
15. COIN
Independent Assessment pp. 13-14
1. Mutually Exclusive Events; or 0.419
Assessment pp. 18
2. Not Mutually Exclusive Events; or 0.675
3. Mutually Exclusive Events; 80%
1. A 6. C 11. C
2. C 7. D 12. C 4. Mutually Exclusive Events; or 0.933
3. C 8. B 13. C 5. Not Mutually Exclusive Events; 38%
4. A 9. C 14. D 6.
5. A 10. B 15. A 7. or 14%
8. or 8%
9. or 33%
What I Can Do pp. 16
10. or 17%
1-4. Answers may vary 11. or 36%
5. P(A), P(B), P(C), P(A and B), P(B and 12. or 60%
13. or 17%
C), P(A and C), P(A and B and C); 14. or 88%
P(A or B or C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) – 15. or 48%
P(A and B) - P(B and C) - P(A and C) +
P(A and B and C)
References

Merly S. Alferez, Ma. Cecilia A. Duro, and Karla Katrina L. Tupaz, “Advance
Algebra” (MSA Academic Advancement Institute, 2013) 346-350.

Boyd, Cindy. Algebra 2 “Integration, Application, Connections” Texas Edition:

New York, New York Columbus, Ohio Woodlands Hills, California Peoria,
Illinois: Glencoe, 1998.

Callanta et al, Mathematics-Grade 10 Learner’s Module First Edition 2015.,

334-337.

http://study.com/academic/practice/quiz-worksheet-mutually-exclusive-non-
mutually-exclusive-events.html

http://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/58979980f877e3d92f2d0307/probability-
mutually-exclusive-events

https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/DeethJamnadas/mutually-exclusive-
outcomes

25
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