In the simple present and simple past tenses, we use do as a

helping verb when we have a different main verb.

Do you think kids are cute? / Do you want to have kids some
day? / Does the boy tease the girl often? Did you tease your
sister when you were a kid? Did you fight with your brother
when you were younger? Did your mother get mad at you for
acting like this?
In contrast, we use be as our verb when we do not have
another verb in the simple present or past tense.
Typically, be is followed by an adjective, a noun, or a
prepositional phrase. Are these kids cute? Are these kids’
typical kids? Are these kids in trouble? Were they angry?
Were they bad kids? Were they on the playground or at
home?
Use Do or Be as a main verb or as a helping verb.
Do as helping verb:
Do you work five days a week?
They don’t understand Japanese.
Do as the helping verb is used in questions and positive
sentences in the present simple and past simple tenses.
Do as main verb:
She does her homework after school every day.
I do a lot of exercise on the weekend.
Do as the main verb can be used in ANY tense. (I will do my
homework tomorrow. / She had done her exercises before
she came to class. / etc.)
Be as helping verb:
She is working at the moment.
They have been studying for three hours.
Be as the helping verb is followed by the main verb + ing.
Be as main verb:
I am a teacher.
They will be in class tomorrow.