Advanced Communication Engineering Lab B.

Tech VI Semester (AR20)

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering 1

 Advanced Communication Engineering Lab B.Tech VI Semester (AR20)

Set Up Arrangements

Fig. (1) Experimental Set up of Antenna Measurement System

Block Diagram

Fig. (2) Block Diagram of Antenna Mesurement System

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering 2

 Advanced Communication Engineering B.Tech VI Semester

ANTENNE PARAMETERS

AIM:
To Plot the Radiation Pattern of Yagi UDA Antenna and Observe Its Parameters

APPARATUS:

THEORY:

The Yagi antenna or Yagi-Uda antenna or aerial is a particularly popular where directivity and
gain are required for an antenna installation.Although the Yagi directive antenna has become
particularly popular for television reception, it is also used in many other applications, both
domestic and commercial or professional reception and two way radio communications. The
antenna is well established and although it is more complicated than some other types, the basic
construction is straightforward and it can provide a robust antenna installation.For transmitting
much better use of the available power is made because it is possible to focus the transmitted
power toward the region where it is needed. Similarly levels of general interference can be
reduced to other users because the signal is not transmitted to areas where it is not needed.In view
of all the benefits provided by the Yagi directional antenna, the additional cost of manufacturing
resulting from the extra hardware required over some other types of antenna is well worth the
investment for many radio communications and reception antenna installations.

Yagi antenna - the basics

The Yagi directive antenna design has a dipole as the main radiating or driven element to which
power is applied directly from a feeder.Further 'parasitic' elements are added which are not
directly connected to the driven element but pick up power from the driven dipole element and re-
radiate it.The key to the operation of this directive antenna is that the phase of the power radiated
by the additional elements is different to that of the phase of the power from the driven element.

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering College 67

 Advanced Communication Engineering B.Tech VI Semester

Radiation Pattern:

OBSERVATIONS:

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering College 68

 Advanced Communication Engineering B.Tech VI Semester

The phase is in such a manner that it affects the properties of the whole Yagi antenna as a whole,
causing power to be focussed in one particular direction and removed from others.
The directions in which the power that is re-radiated by the parasitic elements is on phase have the
signal reinforced, whereas in the directions where it is out of phase the signals cancel out and the
signal in that direction is reduced.The amplitude and phase of the current that is induced in the
parasitic elements is dependent upon their length and the spacing between them and the dipole or
driven element.If an element is longer than the resonant length, i.e. that of the driven element, then
it becomes inductive, and shorter it becomes capacitive. In this way the phase of the currents in
elements that are shorter or longer are different.Using a knowledge of this fact, it is possible to
create three different types of element that have different effects on the overall radiation pattern of
the antenna.

There are three types of element within a Yagi antenna:

Driven element: The driven element is the Yagi antenna element to which power is applied. It is
normally a half wave dipole or often a folded dipole.
A folded dipole element is often used because the proximity of the other parasitic elements causes
the feed impedance of the dipole to fall. Using a folded dipole brings the feed impedance back to a
value that provides a better match to the feeder used.

Reflector: The reflector element is made to be about 5% longer than the driven element. The
Yagi antenna will generally only have one reflector because additional reflectors make virtually
no difference.
The reflector is placed behind the main driven element, i.e. the side away from the direction of
maximum sensitivity.

Director: The director or directors are made to be shorter than the driven element. There may be
none, one of more reflectors in the Yagi antenna. The director or directors are placed in front of
the driven element, i.e. in the direction of maximum sensitivity.

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering 6

 Advanced Communication Engineering B.Tech VI Semester

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering 7

 Advanced Communication Engineering B.Tech VI Semester

PROCEDURE:

1. set up the experiment as per shown in figure above.

2. Set the distance between the antennas to be around 1meter, consult theory for details.
3. Turn ON the module, select control mode.
4. Open the AMS-A.exe file, select the corresponding COM PORT and Click on Run, Now the
software will be in running mode.
5. Go in FAR FIELD PATTERN, select NULL & SIDELOBE, select RX antenna then click on
START
6. Then readings from 0 degree to 360 degree will be plotted in the software.
7. Now repeat procedure for other wire antenna and observe the plot.
8. From SAVE option, the plot can be saved and take the

RESULT: Hence Observe Its Parameters of Yagi UDA Antenna

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering 7

 Advanced Communication Engineering B.Tech VI Semester

Dept of ECE, Aditya Engineering 7