FORWARD

by
The President, International Peace Academy

One of the important roles of the International Peace Academy (IPA),

since its establishment in 1970, has been the development of skills and
techniques for greater efficiency within peacekeeping forces. The IPA tries
to achieve this by making use of the experience of present and former
members of UN operations to disseminate their knowledge through its
seminars. The Peacekeeper's Handbook is therefore an extension of the
IPA's programmes and it is hoped that it will provide material and knowl-
edge which national armed forces can use in the preparation of their
contingents for international peacekeeping.
The idea of preparing this Handbook was first conceived at an IPA
Consultation held at Lake Mohonk, New York, in June 1973. While the
Consultation recognized that a number of peacekeeping troop-contribut-
ing countries had prepared instructions or guidelines for the preparation
of their contingents and the conduct of operations in the field, there was a
need for a general handbook that would enable any troop-contributing
country to prepare its own instructions and procedures for the preparation
of its forces.
The Peacekeeper's Handbook is also intended to provide ready refer-
ence for the planning and conduct of such operations.
The initial preparation of this Handbook was carried out under my
supervision with a generous grant from the Rockefeller Foundation. The
IPA is specially thankful to Mr. Elmore Jackson, who helped from the
start in developing this project.
The value of this Handbook has been proved by the wide demand for
the first and second editions, leading to this third edition. Three new
chapters dealing with the law, attitudes, and medical services—12,13, and
14—have been added. Additional chapters on "The Duties, Techniques,
etc., of UN Observers" and "The Supervision of Referenda and Elec-
tions" are under consideration. Suggestions, comments, and corrections
are always welcome and should be addressed to the Director of Peacekeep-
ing Programs at the IPA.
The IPA is most grateful to Mr. Brian E. Urquhart, UN Under-Secre-
tary-General for Special Political Affairs, for his generous assistance and
advice in compiling the manuscript. We also wish to express our thanks to
Mr. Fou-Tchin Liu, Assistant Secretary-General for Special Political Af-
fairs, Mr. James O. C. Jonah, Assistant Secretary-General for Field
Operational and External Support Activities, Mr. George Lansky (re-
tired), Mr. Gerald Dunn and Mr. Johan Boe of Field Operations Services
of the United Nations for their assistance.
The IPA gratefully acknowledges the contributions of Major (Police)
Erik Baumel (Austria), Chief Superintendent (Police) Errol Canney (Aus-
tralia), Brigadier General Christian Clausen (Austria), Colonel Eamon
ix
χ PEACEKEEPER'S HANDBOOK

Doyle (Ireland), Major General Björn Egge (Norway), Colonel Yngve

Ekman (Sweden), Colonel Patrick Hogan (Ireland), Brigadier Said Ud
Din Khan (Pakistan), Major General Trond Kluge (Norway), Lieutenant
Colonel Gerald Ο'Sullivan (Ireland), Major General Hannes Philipp
(Austria), Mr. George Ivan Smith (Australia), Commissioner of Police J.
E. Tibiru (Ghana), Brigadier General William J. Yost (Canada), and Dr.
Vratislav Pechota (U.S.A.).
In particular, the IPA is greatly indebted to Brigadier Michael N.
Harbottle (retired) (United Kingdom), both for his personal contribution
to the contents of the Handbook and for his work over two and a half
years as its compiler and editor. Without him the Handbook could not
have been completed initially. He has also overseen the preparation of the
second and third editions with the assistance of Eirwen Harbottle, who
prepared the Index, and Peter C. Harvey and Florence Musaffi, IPA staff.
The variety of experience of the contributors and the wide range of their
geographical representation have enabled the IPA to harness a great
breadth of experience to provide this reference material. It is our hope that
it will assist the nations of the world in the conduct of whatever interna-
tional peacekeeping operations are required in the future, either within the
framework of the United Nations, on which this Handbook is based, or in
a regional or multinational setting, as the leaders at the time may decide.

New York Indar Jit Rikhye

March, 1984 Major General (retired)