Version 7.2.

16

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst - Simulation report
Grid-Connected System

Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung
Tables on a building

PVsyst NGO project

System power: 43.2 kWp
Pandu - Indonesia

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

Author

PVsyst NGO project

 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Geographical Site Situation

Project summary
Project settings
Pandu Latitude -6.91 °S Albedo 0.20
Indonesia Longitude 107.59 °E
Altitude 736 m
Time zone UTC+7

Meteo data
Pandu
Meteonorm 8.0 (2010-2014), Sat=100% - Synthetic

System summary

PVsyst NGO project

Grid-Connected System
Simulation for year no 10

PV Field Orientation
Fixed plane
Tables on a building

Near Shadings
Linear shadings
User's needs
Daily profile
Tilt/Azimuth 15 / 9 ° weekly modulation
Average 248 MWh/Day

System information
PV Array Inverters
Nb. of modules 96 units Nb. of units 1 unit
Pnom total 43.2 kWp Pnom total 40.0 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.080

Results summary

PVsyst NGO project

Produced Energy
Used Energy
Apparent energy
61.97 MWh/year
90480.87 MWh/year
38.16 MVAh
Specific production 1434 kWh/kWp/year Perf. Ratio PR
Solar Fraction SF
76.76 %
0.07 %

Table of contents
Project and results summary 2
General parameters, PV Array Characteristics, System losses 3
Horizon definition 5
Near shading definition - Iso-shadings diagram 6
Detailed User's needs 7
Main results 8
Loss diagram 9
Special graphs 10

PVsyst NGO project

Module layout
P50 - P90 evaluation
Cost of the system
Financial analysis
CO₂ Emission Balance
11
13
14
15
17

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 2/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Grid-Connected System
General parameters
Tables on a building

PV Field Orientation
Orientation Sheds configuration Models used
Fixed plane Nb. of sheds 12 units Transposition Perez
Tilt/Azimuth 15 / 9 ° Sizes Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Sheds spacing 2.50 m Circumsolar separate
Collector width 2.12 m
Ground Cov. Ratio (GCR) 84.6 %
Shading limit angle
Limit profile angle 50.2 °

PVsyst NGO project

Horizon
Average Height 2.1 °
Near Shadings
Linear shadings
User's needs
Daily profile
weekly modulation
Average 248 MWh/Day

Grid injection point

Power factor
Cos(phi) (leading) 0.860

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Inverter
Manufacturer ICA Solar Manufacturer Huawei Technologies
Model ICA450-72HMG Model SUN2000-40KTL-M3-380V
(Custom parameters definition) (Original PVsyst database)

PVsyst NGO project

Unit Nom. Power
Number of PV modules
Nominal (STC)
Modules
450
96
43.2
6 Strings x 16
Wp
units
kWp
In series
Unit Nom. Power
Number of inverters
Total power
Operating voltage
Max. power (=>40°C)
40.0
1
40.0
200-1000
44.0
kWac
unit
kWac
V
kWac
At operating cond. (50°C)
Pmpp 39.2 kWp Pnom ratio (DC:AC) 1.08
U mpp 597 V
I mpp 66 A

Total PV power Total inverter power

Nominal (STC) 43 kWp Total power 40 kWac
Total 96 modules Number of inverters 1 unit
Module area 212 m² Pnom ratio 1.08
Cell area 191 m²

PVsyst NGO project

Array Soiling Losses
Loss Fraction 3.0 %
Array losses
Thermal Loss factor
Module temperature according to irradiance
Uc (const) 29.0 W/m²K
DC wiring losses
Global array res.
Loss Fraction
110 mΩ
1.1 % at STC
Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K/m/s

Module Quality Loss Module mismatch losses Strings Mismatch loss

Loss Fraction -0.8 % Loss Fraction 2.0 % at MPP Loss Fraction 0.1 %

Module average degradation

Year no 10
Loss factor 0.4 %/year
Mismatch due to degradation
Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year

PVsyst NGO project

Vmp RMS dispersion

15/12/22
0.4 %/year

PVsyst NGO project License, Page 3/17

 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

IAM loss factor

Array losses

Incidence effect (IAM): Fresnel, AR coating, n(glass)=1.526, n(AR)=1.290

0° 30° 50° 60° 70° 75° 80° 85° 90°

1.000 0.999 0.987 0.962 0.892 0.816 0.681 0.440 0.000

AC wiring losses
Inv. output line up to injection point
Inverter voltage 380 Vac tri

PVsyst NGO project

Loss Fraction 6.98 % at STC
Inverter: SUN2000-40KTL-M3-380V
Wire section (1 Inv.) Copper 1 x 3 x 16 mm²
Wires length 150 m

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 4/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Horizon definition
Horizon from PVGIS website API, Lat=-6°54"20', Long=107°35"32', Alt=736m

Average Height 2.1 ° Albedo Factor 0.85

Diffuse Factor 0.99 Albedo Fraction 100 %

Horizon profile

Azimuth [°] -180 -173 -165 -158 -150 -143 -135 -128 -120 -113 -105
Height [°] 1.9 3.1 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8
Azimuth [°] -98 -90 -83 -75 -68 -60 -53 -45 -38 -30 -15
Height [°] 1.1 0.8 2.3 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.8 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4

PVsyst NGO project

Azimuth [°] -8 0 8 15 23 38 45 53 60 68 75
Height [°] 4.6 3.4 3.4 5.0 2.7 1.5 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.1
Azimuth [°] 83 90 98 113 120 128 135 143 165 173
Height [°] 0.8 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.3 2.3 1.1

Sun Paths (Height / Azimuth diagram)

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 5/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Near shadings parameter

Perspective of the PV-field and surrounding shading scene

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project Iso-shadings diagram

Orientation #1

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 6/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Daily profile, weekly modulation, average = 248 MWh/day

Detailed User's needs

Working Days 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h 10 h 11 h
3707 3707 3707 3707 3707 3707 3707 11765 23056 32669 33406 33406 kW
12 h 13 h 14 h 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 23 h
28244 31449 31449 27634 23819 11917 3707 3707 3707 3707 3707 3707 kW
Week-End 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h 10 h 11 h
1558 1558 1558 1558 1558 1558 464 464 464 464 464 464 kW
12 h 13 h 14 h 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 23 h
464 464 464 464 464 464 1558 1558 1558 1558 1558 1558 kW

PVsyst NGO project Working Days

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 7/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

System Production
Main results

Produced Energy 61.97 MWh/year Specific production 1434 kWh/kWp/year

Used Energy 90480.87 MWh/year Performance Ratio PR 76.76 %
Apparent energy 38.16 MVAh Solar Fraction SF 0.07 %

Economic evaluation
Investment Yearly cost LCOE
Global 623599252.70 IDR Annuities 0.00 IDR/yr Energy cost 524 IDR/kWh
Specific 14435 IDR/Wp Run. costs 1250000.00 IDR/yr
Payback period 11.5 years

Normalized productions (per installed kWp) Performance Ratio PR

PVsyst NGO project

Balances and main results

PVsyst NGO project

January
GlobHor
kWh/m²
138.5
DiffHor
kWh/m²
70.87
T_Amb
°C
19.90
GlobInc
kWh/m²
126.6
GlobEff
kWh/m²
116.3
EArray
MWh
4.415
E_User
MWh
7945
E_Solar
MWh
4.192
E_Grid
MWh
-0.002
EFrGrid
MWh
7941
February 149.7 68.12 19.78 141.3 131.0 4.967 6934 4.698 -0.002 6929
March 143.4 73.21 20.44 141.6 131.3 4.958 7632 4.691 -0.002 7628
April 153.0 66.48 20.65 160.9 150.1 5.647 7295 5.325 -0.002 7290
May 150.0 64.58 21.18 164.4 152.6 5.752 7945 5.438 -0.002 7940
June 145.5 53.73 20.62 163.4 152.3 5.738 7295 5.416 -0.002 7290
July 158.9 59.56 20.43 176.8 165.3 6.231 7632 5.877 -0.002 7627
August 167.8 68.00 20.63 179.7 168.5 6.341 7945 5.981 -0.002 7939
September 172.2 73.09 20.63 174.5 163.2 6.131 6983 5.783 -0.002 6977
October 178.1 84.41 21.16 171.5 159.9 6.017 7945 5.688 -0.002 7939
November 146.0 79.29 20.47 135.2 124.7 4.735 7608 4.496 -0.002 7604

PVsyst NGO project

December
Year
146.2
1849.1
74.88
836.22
20.31
20.52
132.2
1868.0
121.5
1736.6
4.614
65.545
7320
90481
4.384
61.969
-0.002
-0.025
7315
90419

Legends
GlobHor Global horizontal irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation E_User Energy supplied to the user
T_Amb Ambient Temperature E_Solar Energy from the sun
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane E_Grid Energy injected into grid
GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings EFrGrid Energy from the grid

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 8/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

1849 kWh/m²
Loss diagram

Global horizontal irradiation

+1.0% Global incident in coll. plane

-0.32% Far Shadings / Horizon

-1.78% Near Shadings: irradiance loss

-2.10% IAM factor on global

-3.00% Soiling loss factor

1737 kWh/m² * 212 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

PVsyst NGO projectefficiency at STC = 20.37%

75.0 MWh

-3.80%
PV conversion

Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

Module Degradation Loss ( for year #10)

-0.70% PV loss due to irradiance level

-5.09% PV loss due to temperature

+0.75% Module quality loss

-3.67% Mismatch loss, modules and strings

(including 1.6% for degradation dispersion

-0.72% Ohmic wiring loss

65.5 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP

PVsyst NGO project -1.77%

0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)
Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
Inverter Loss due to max. input current
Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
0.00% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
0.00% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
-0.04% Night consumption
Available Energy at Inverter Output
64.4 MWh Cos(phi) = 0.860

grid
consumption -3.75% AC ohmic loss

PVsyst NGO project

90418.9 62.0 0.0MWh Active Energy injected into grid

to user to user to grid

from grid from solar

38.2 MVAR Reactive energy to the grid: Aver. cos(phi) = -0.001

38.2 MVA Apparent energy to the grid

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 9/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Special graphs
Daily Input/Output diagram

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project System Output Power Distribution

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 10/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Module layout

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 11/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Module layout

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 12/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Meteo data
P50 - P90 evaluation
Simulation and parameters uncertainties
Source Meteonorm 8.0 (2010-2014), Sat=100% PV module modelling/parameters 1.0 %
Kind Monthly averages Inverter efficiency uncertainty 0.5 %
Synthetic - Multi-year average Soiling and mismatch uncertainties 1.0 %
Year-to-year variability(Variance) 5.5 % Degradation uncertainty 1.0 %
Specified Deviation
Climate change 0.0 %

Global variability (meteo + system) Annual production probability

Variability (Quadratic sum) 5.8 % Variability 3.59 MWh
P50 61.97 MWh

PVsyst NGO project

P90 57.37 MWh
P95 56.08 MWh

Probability distribution

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 13/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Installation costs
Cost of the system

Item Quantity Cost Total

units IDR IDR
PV modules
ICA450-72HMG 96 3852500.00 369840000.00
Supports for modules 96 456617.65 43835294.12
Inverters
SUN2000-40KTL-M3-380V 1 53486095.20 53486095.20
Other components
AC Panel 1 21693255.00 21693255.00

PVsyst NGO project

Wiring
Combiner box
Monitoring system, display screen
Surge arrester
Studies and analysis
1
1
1
1
9869530.00
15411840.00
24470466.67
6269846.00
9869530.00
15411840.00
24470466.67
6269846.00

Permitting and other admin. Fees 1 6694000.00 6694000.00

Installation
Global installation cost per module 96 16727.10 1605801.57
Grid connection 1 8625000.00 8625000.00
Taxes
VAT 1 0.00 61798124.14
Total 623599252.70
Depreciable asset 488854644.32

PVsyst NGO project

Operating costs

Item Total
IDR/year
Maintenance
Cleaning 1250000.00
Total (OPEX) 1250000.00

System summary
Total installation cost 623599252.70 IDR
Operating costs 1250000.00 IDR/year
Unused energy 62.0 MWh/year

PVsyst NGO project

Energy sold to the grid
Cost of produced energy (LCOE)
0.0
523.535
MWh/year
IDR/kWh

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 14/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Simulation period
Financial analysis

Project lifetime 20 years Start year 2023

Income variation over time

Inflation 0.00 %/year
Production variation (aging) 0.00 %/year
Discount rate 0.00 %/year

Income dependent expenses

Income tax rate 0.00 %/year
Other income tax 0.00 %/year
Dividends 0.00 %/year

PVsyst NGO project

Financing
Own funds

Electricity sale
623599252.70 IDR

Feed-in tariff 900.0000 IDR/kWh

Duration of tariff warranty 20 years
Annual connection tax 0.00 IDR/kWh
Annual tariff variation 0.0 %/year
Feed-in tariff decrease after warranty 0.00 %

Self-consumption
Consumption tariff 900.0000 IDR/kWh
Tariff evolution 0.0 %/year

Return on investment

PVsyst NGO project

Payback period
Net present value (NPV)
Return on investment (ROI)
11.5 years
463477714.15 IDR
74.3 %

Detailed economic results (IDR)

Electricity Run. Deprec. Taxable Taxes After-tax Self-cons. Cumul. %

sale costs allow. income profit saving profit amorti.

2023 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -569245404 8.7%
2024 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -514891556 17.4%
2025 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -460537708 26.1%
2026 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -406183859 34.9%
2027 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -351830011 43.6%
2028 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -297476163 52.3%

PVsyst NGO project

2029 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -243122314 61.0%
2030 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -188768466 69.7%
2031 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -134414618 78.4%
2032 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -80060769 87.2%
2033 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 -25706921 95.9%
2034 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 28646927 104.6%
2035 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 83000776 113.3%
2036 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 137354624 122.0%
2037 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 191708472 130.7%
2038 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 246062321 139.5%
2039 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 300416169 148.2%
2040 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 354770017 156.9%
2041 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 409123866 165.6%
2042 0 1250000 0 0 0 -1250000 55603848 463477714 174.3%

PVsyst NGO project

Total 0 25000000 0 0 0 -25000000 1112076967 463477714 174.3%

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 15/17

 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Financial analysis
Yearly net profit (kIDR)

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project Cumulative cashflow (kIDR)

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 16/17
 Project: PLTS_Jabar_SMK12_Bandung
Variant: PLTS_Jabar SMKN_12Bandung

PVsyst V7.2.16
VC0, Simulation date:
15/12/22 01:59

PVsyst NGO project

with v7.2.16

Total: 1109.2 tCO₂

CO₂ Emission Balance

Generated emissions Saved CO₂ Emission vs. Time

Total: 74.74 tCO₂
Source: Detailed calculation from table below:
Replaced Emissions
Total: 1364.6 tCO₂
System production: 61.97 MWh/yr
Grid Lifecycle Emissions: 734 gCO₂/kWh
Source: IEA List
Country: Indonesia
Lifetime: 30 years

PVsyst NGO project

Annual degradation: 1.0 %

System Lifecycle Emissions Details

Item LCE Quantity Subtotal

[kgCO₂]
Modules 1713 kgCO2/kWp 40.5 kWp 69365
Supports 4.90 kgCO2/kg 900 kg 4406

PVsyst NGO project

Inverters 485 kgCO2/units 2.00 units 970

PVsyst NGO project

PVsyst NGO project

15/12/22 PVsyst NGO project License, Page 17/17