WS2022

Language Awareness III

Jan. 24, 2022
11:00 – 13:00

Name
Points /160

Score % Grade
65% - 73% 4
74% - 82% 3
83% - 91% 2
> 92% 1

Please write your answers in the boxes provided!

Remember to read all the instructions very carefully!

 Part 1 – Grammar (89 points total, 1 point per correct answer)

Prepositions

Translate the following sentences from German into English (4 points):

(1) Er muss seine Arbeit bis spätestens Montag abgeben

(2) Sie war im Urlaub, als ich sie anrief.

(3) Ich gehe nach dem Mittagessen ins Krankenhaus, um meinen Freund zu besuchen.

(4) Hast du den Film bis zum Ende geschaut?

(5) Highlight the wrong prepositions in the following sentences and correct them. Not all of the
sentences contain errors! (4 points)
Sentence Correction
He asked her to throw the apple to him because he was too lazy to get up.
She graduated with 22 and started working immediately.
The population has increased at 7% over the past two years.
Meet me at 5 across the street.

Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases

Highlight the adverbs and adverbial phrases in the following sentences (3 points):

(1) She liked to have a leisurely breakfast at the new coffeeshop by the river every day after her
morning meeting.
(2) Under the new regime, nobody was allowed to openly criticize the government.

(3) The man in the backseat did not seem to mind the noise.

(4) Use each group of words and/or phrases to form ONE correct sentence (3 points):

- always/ after dinner/Maria/at the end of the day /reads

- before lunch/however/never/they/have meetings

- will give a talk/during the fall semester/The expert/anyway/at the conference

(5) Prepositional phrases can be used to form adverbial phrases. Please explain why using at least
one example. (1 point)
 Commas

Punctuate the following sentences correctly. You can use commas, semi-colons, or periods (3 points):

(1) They showed up on time however the door was already locked

(2) We tried calling them and emailing them but they never responded therefore we left the
package on their doorstep

(3) I thought Maria would not appreciate having visitors since she was very busy so I just sent her a
card

(4)Mark the following statements as either true (T) or false (F) (3 points):

"Since", "because", and "if" are subordinating conjunctions.

Relative clauses are always preceded by a comma in English.
Some commas can be found in published texts even though they are not objectively correct.

(5)Mention one example of a case where FANBOYS are not preceded by a comma (1 point).

Determiners and Pronouns

(1)In the following sentences, identify the highlighted words as either pronouns (P) or determiners
(D) (4 points):

Luke took his dog to the vet for her annual checkup.
Did you see her yesterday?
The car, which was bought by the royal family in 1952, is now at a museum.
This is the TV show I told you about!

(2)Mark the following statements as either true (T) or false (F) (3 points):
In "Maya likes that song", "that" is a determiner.
"Each other", "myself", and "him" are pronouns.
Determiners can stand alone in a sentence.

Correct the errors in these sentences (if any). If there are no errors, just write N/A (3 points):

Sentence Correction
(3) Me and Jade went to the concert together.
(4) When they visited Innsbruck, they stayed with Max and I.
(5) We met her and Paul in college, and we have been friends ever since.
 Nouns and Noun Phrases

(1)Highlight ALL noun phrases in the following sentences (2 points):

After the third day of the conferences was over, they finally had time to explore that gorgeous
tropical paradise. Their local guide knew where to find all the best deals.
On February 12, 1912, Hsian-T'ung, the last emperor of China, was forced to abdicate after Sun Yat-
sen's republican revolution.

(2)Correct the errors in these sentences (if any). If there are no errors, just write N/A (3 points)
Sentence Correction
Paula's brother in law works at the local library.
The consultant's comments were duly noted.
We prefer broth based soups.

Transform the postmodifiers into premodifiers and rewrite the sentences. Don't forget the use the
correct hyphens! (3 points)

(3) Terry Pratchett was well respected as an author.

(4) The garlic was finely chopped and then added to the sauce.

(5) Stan Lee's cameos in MCU movies were easy to miss, but finding them was always fun.

Transitivity and Objects

(1) Identify the highlighted verbs in the following sentences as Mono-transitive (M), Ditransitive (D),
or Intransitive (I) based on context (5 points)
Jake knows how to repair any kind of motorbike.
It is better to weigh your flour rather than use cup measurements.
Abby always reads before bedtime.
She lent me her pen because I did not have one.
The crow flew by my face and startled me.

Use each of the following verbs in two sentences so that they are transitive in one and intransitive in
the other (6 points)
Transitive
(2) Smell
Intransitive
Transitive
(3) Develop
Intransitive
Transitive
(4) Write
Intransitive
 (5) Identify ALL of the objects in the following sentences and specify whether they are direct (D) or
indirect (I) (3 points):
George sent the confirmation letter yesterday.

We heard them singing on the balcony last Friday.

Are you going to give your neighbor a spare key?

Tense and Aspect

(1) Identify the tenses/verb forms and aspects in the following sentences (3 points):

They had been trying to fix this problem for years.

Tense Aspect
They will have been living in Paris for three years in January.
Tense Aspect
Do you think Mark will make it in time for the concert?
Tense Aspect

(2) Correct the errors in the following sentences. If the sentence is correct, just write N/A and do not
change it (3 points)

Lilly has already handed in her assignment last Monday.

When she saw him at the party, she was acting as if she had never seen him before.

Max has worked there for five years, but he quit last August.

Translate the following sentences into English (3 points)

(3) Karen versucht seit einer Woche den Manager anzurufen.

(4) Wir treffen uns morgen um 9.00 Uhr.

(5) Tom hatte in Deutschland gelebt, bevor er nach Dänemark zog.

 Hypotheticals

(1) Identify the type of conditional in the following sentences [1st, 2nd, 3rd, or mixed] (3 points):

Had Jack been there, it would have been much easier to close the deal.
If I knew she would show up late, I would have offered to give her a ride.
If you are coming tomorrow, please bring Tim's jacket with you.

(2) Identify the two types of conditionals in the following mixed conditionals [1st, 2nd, or 3rd] (3
points):
If John were older, he would have been able to go to the movies with us.

If I had not taught him how to do it, he would be messing everything up.

If Jerry did not have a meeting tomorrow, he would have joined us for dinner.

Use the provided words/phrases as substitutes to "if" in the following sentences (3 points):

(3) Please contact the front desk if you need any help, should

(4) If Chris is not completely against it, we can ask our parents for help. unless

(5) If you do not have your own user ID and password, you will not be able to access our Only if
services.

The Future

(1) Highlight the correct answer (2 points):

Run! The train is leave! Supposed to about to
The CEO is retire next year. about to supposed to

(2) Fill in the gap with the correct future form of the verb between parentheses (3 points)
If you want to catch him, you can go to the country club now. He (play) golf for
the next three hours.
I (call) you, but I didn't want to disturb you because I know how busy you are.
She's about to break the world record! If she keeps it up for another 16 minutes,
she (hold) a plank for four hours and 21 minutes!

(3) Highlight the correct modal verb to indicate speculation (3 points):

This is the only shipping company in town. It be the one Can Must Will
you are looking for.
He said the car was red, but this one is green. This be it. Mustn't Shouldn't Can't
She left the office 30 minutes ago, so she be here any Should Must Needn't
minute now.
(4) Explain, using at least one example, why the future is not considered a tense in English (1 point).

(5) Identify the type of future verb form in the following sentence and explain what its time
reference is (1 point):
By 2050, soy farms will have already destroyed the majority of rainforests in Brazil and Indonesia.

Defining and Nondefining Clauses

(1) Some of the following sentences contain relative clauses which may be reduced. Reduce
those relative clauses even if it means removing more than just the relative pronoun. Make
sure the meaning does not change! If the relative clause cannot be reduced, mark it "N/A". (3
points):
This is the woman who was arrested for fraud and embezzlement.

I know a very good plumber who can fix it for you tomorrow.

That family that is building the new house down the street looks very nice.

(2) Explain, using at least one example, why "that" cannot be preceded by a comma in English
(1 point).

(3) Explain why the relative pronoun in the following sentence cannot be omitted (1 point):
We met that man at the party last night who claimed he had invaluable trading tips.

Connect the following sentences using the correct FORMAL relative pronoun. Make sure you use
commas when necessary. (2 points):
(4) Harry is one of my father's three business partners. I spoke to him about sponsoring our charity.

(5) My best friend Jessica is very happy. Her daughter graduated this summer.
 Part 2 – Lexis (71 points total, 1 point per correct answer)
Abbreviations
1 – Explain, with the use of a clear example, the term acronym (1 point):

2 – Explain, with the use of a clear example, the term initialism (1 point):

3 – For the following abbreviations, insert the Latin version and the English translation (2 points)
Latin English
e.g.
i.e.

4 – Put an X in the column to show the correct pronunciation of THE in each example (1 point):
/ði/ /ðƏ/
The LGBTQ community…
The University of Manchester
The honorable gentlemen

5 – Write the following abbreviations in full (3 points):

PIN
AD (2022)
radar

Focus-shifting
1 – Rewrite the following sentences using the passive (2 points):

He drove his girlfriend to the airport.

After that, he took his wife to lunch.

2 – Invert the following sentences (2 points):

The teacher had rarely known such good students before.

They will only go skiing tomorrow if it snows.

3 – Give a suitable explanation of the term "inversion" (1 point):

4 – In the boxes provided, rewrite the following sentences using fronting (2 points):
All that John ever wanted was to be a football player.

Jane’s mobile phone fell down the stairs.

5 – Put an X next to the correctly cleft sentence(s) (1 point):

It is Tommy who has achieved the highest score.
What they are doing is playing on the beach.
It is the speed of the ride that is so thrilling.

Germanisms & L1 Interference

1 – Using the boxes provided, insert a suitable translation for the following false friends (3 points):
English German English German
Das Gift gift
Der Gang gang
Die Wand wand

Correct the following poorly translated sentences (2 points):

2 – The current news about Covid numbers are extremely worrying.

3 – I have been visiting Innsbruck University for many semesters now.

Translate the following sentences into English (2 points):

4 – Im Bad habe ich mich rasiert und die Haare gewaschen.

5 – Ich bin heute mit dem Bus nach Innsbruck gefahren.

Irregular Plurals
1 – Insert the correct plural form of the following words (1 point):
sheep
thief
brother-in-law
2 – Explain the difference between the two plural forms of person (people/persons) (1 point):

3 – Explain why the following sentence is correct (1 point):

Kyle bought three mouses for the office.

4 – Explain the difference between the two plural forms of fish (fish/fishes) (1 point):

5 – Complete the following table (3 points):

Singular Plural Greek (G) or Latin (L)
alga
criterion
datum

Synonymy & Antonymy

1 – Replace the phrasal verbs with a suitable verb (in the correct tense) (3 points):
The meeting was put off until next week.
I have been thinking about retiring.
He was unable to deal with the problems.

2 – Label the following antonyms as either complementary, relational, or graded (3 points):

mother - daughter
warm - cold
true - false

3 – Highlight the correct prefix to form the correct antonym. Careful: more than one may be
correct! (1 point):
TRUSTWORTHY dis- mis- un-
PLACE (verb) dis- mis- un-
SIMILAR dis- mis- un-

4 – Add the correct prefix to form the correct antonym (1 point):

balance
edible
negotiable
5 – Find suitable synonyms for the words in bold (1 point):

The principal was very happy the teachers were always on time.

Prefixes
1 – Give the meaning of the following prefixes and provide one example (3 points):
Meaning Example
auto-
bi-
semi-

2 – What are ‘unpaired words’? Illustrate your answer with an example (1 point):

3 – Explain, with an example, the meaning of the prefix ‘a-‘(1 point):

Highlight the correct word in the following sentences (2 points):

4 – She had to recover / re-cover the food to keep the flies away.
5 – She had to repress / re-press the flowers for her book.

Suffixes
1 – Explain the term derivational suffix and provide an example (1 point):

2 – Explain the term inflectional suffix and provide an example (1 point):

3 – In the following sentences, label the suffixes as either derivational (D) or inflectional (I) (1 point):
The new teacher seemed friendly when he entered the room.
The finally found the missing children and brought them back.
To become a writer has always been her dream.

4 – Use the correct suffix to form a noun (1 point):

to acquire
to improvise
to permit
5 – Indicate whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) (1 point):
Suffixes change the meaning or grammatical function of the root word.
The suffix –ize is more common in US English

UK v US English
1 – Indicate with an X whether the following words are British or American from their word stress (1
point):

UK US
Address (noun)
garage
moustache

2 – Label the following sentences as either BE or AE from their punctuation (1 point):

Dr. Jones was happy he found the religious artefacts.

The Twin Towers were destroyed on 9/11.

3 – Transform the following sentence into British English (1 point):

He parked his favourite truck on the curb.

4 – Transform the following sentence into American English (1 point):

Bob had biscuits and an aubergine in his shopping trolley.

5 – Give the American equivalents of the following British words (3 points):

petrol
jewellery
nappy

Political Correctness & Propriety

1 – Explain the difference between semantic amelioration and semantic pejoration (1 point):

2 – Explain the meaning of semantic re-appropriation with an example (1 point):

3 – Highlight the terms below which are not gender neutral (1 point):
stewardess stuntman parent
flight attendant cheerleader manpower
nurse secretary mankind

4 – Label the following statements as true (T) or false (F) (1 point):

The word ‘companion’ went through the process of semantic broadening.
Using nouns that indicate gender should always be avoided.

5 – Explain why the following term is acceptable even if it may be deemed as politically incorrect ( 1
point):
male nurse

Transition Signals
1 – Put an X next to the correctly written sentence(s) (4 points):
Far too many students, however, failed to heed the teacher’s warnings.
However, far too many students failed to heed the teacher’s warnings.
There were far too many students; however, who failed to heed the teacher’s warnings.
Far too many students failed to heed the teacher’s warnings, however.

2 – Give two examples of transition signals for the following (1 point):

To introduce an additional idea

3 – Give two examples of transition signals for the following (1 point):

To introduce an opposite idea

Combine the following sentences using the provided transition signal (watch your grammar and
punctuation!) (2 points):
4 – Our seats were a long way from the stage. We enjoyed the show. DESPITE

5 – Sara is an only child. She is not at all spoilt. EVEN THOUGH