Python Basics

Dr Sunil Kumar P V
Assistant Professor, SCOPE
 Python – Why?
• Simple syntax

• Programs are clear and easy to read

• Has powerful programming features

• Companies and organizations that use Python include

YouTube, Google, Yahoo, and NASA.

• Python is well supported and freely available at

www.python.org.
Python – Evolution
• Guido van Rossum – Creator

• Released in the early 1990s.

• Its name comes from a 1970s British comedy

sketch television show called Monty Python’s
Flying Circus.
Python….Interactive mode
In interactive mode, you type Python programs and the
interpreter displays the result:
>>> 1 + 1
2

The shell prompt, >>>, is the prompt the interpreter uses to

indicate that it is ready. If you type 1 + 1, the interpreter
replies 2.
Python …. Shell
Python…. Script Mode
• Can also store code in a file and use the interpreter to
execute the contents of the file, which is called a script.

• Python scripts have names that end with .py.

• Interactive mode is convenient for testing small pieces of

code because you can type and execute them
immediately.

• But for anything more than a few lines, should save your
code as a script so you can modify and execute it in
future.
Python….Script Mode …
File name : first.py
print(4+3)
print(4-3)
print(4>3)
print("hello World")
Keywords
• Reserved words with predefined meaning
• Should be used to get that meaning only

• >>> and =10 will give error

Identifiers
• Names given to variables to store data needed for processing
• Naming rules:-
• Sequence of alphabets, digits or underscore ( _ ) can be used
• Must start with a character
• No space allowed
• Case sensitive, SUM is different from Sum and sum
• Examples
• Employee1, student1_mark, totalSales, profit2020
Identifier Naming
Numeric constants
• To represent numbers
• Examples
• 2020, 3.14, 10000, -6.51, -800, 0.4561
• Commas are not allowed
• 12,000 and 5,500 are wrong
• No decimal point Integers
• No decimal point Floating point numbers
String Constants
• Strings are sequence of characters, digits, symbols put in quotes
• Quotes can be single, double or triple (3 single quotes)
• “Andrew S. Tanenbaum”
• ‘Python is fun’
• ‘ ‘ ‘ COVID-19 is a pandemic’ ’ ’
• To print single quote use double quote and vice-versa
• “Let’s go!”
• ‘He told me “I am happy” and continued his job’
• Use triple quote for multiline strings/ to print single and double
quotes in same string
• ‘ ‘ ‘ John’s mother told me “he is not well” ‘ ‘ ‘
• ‘ ‘ ‘ I am fine
Thank you ‘ ‘ ‘
Assigning Constants to variables
• = is used for assignment
• A = 10
• a = 100
•a=a+1
• profit2020 = 4500
• an_integer = 143
• a_string = ‘143’
• captain_name = ‘Virat Kohli’
• fav_novel = “3 states”
 Data Types
• Python's data types are built in the core of the language
• They are easy to use and straightforward.
• Data types supported by Python
• Boolean values
• None
• Numbers
• Strings
• Tuples
• Lists
• Sets
 Boolean values
• Primitive data type having any one of two values: True or
False
• 12 > 14 → False
• a=5,
• b=22
• c=100
• a+b-c < 0 → True
• As = is assignment operator = = is used for equality
checking
• a + b == 27 → True
• 80 + 10 == c → False
None

• Special data type - None

• Basically, the data type means non existent, not known or empty

• Can be used to check for emptiness

Numbers
Types of numbers supported by Python:
• Integers
• floating point numbers
• complex numbers
• Fractional numbers
Integers
• Integers have no fractional part in the number
• a = 10
•b=a
• type(a)
• type(b)
Floating Point Numbers
• Number with fractional part
• a = 3.1415
• p = 6.283
• type(a)
• type(b)
 Complex Numbers
• A complex number consists of an ordered pair of real
floating point numbers denoted by a + bj, where a is
the real part and b is the imaginary part of the complex
number.
• complex(x) to convert x to a complex number with real
part x and imaginary part zero
• complex(x, y) to convert x and y to a complex number
with real part x and imaginary part y.
• x and y are numeric expressions
Complex Numbers
• 1j * 1J → (-1+0j)
• 2 + 1j * 3 → (2+3j)
• (2 + 1j) * 3 → (6+3j)
• A = 1+2j
• B=3+2j
• C = A+B
• print(C) → ?
Complex Numbers

• A = 7 + 5j
# prints real part of the number
• print(A.real)
# prints imaginary part of the number
• print(A.imag)
# Can do operations with part of complex number
• print(A.imag+3)
Python is a Dynamic Type language
• Same variable can be associated with values of
different type during program execution, as indicated
below.
• It's also very dynamic as it rarely uses what it knows
to limit variable usage
Input and output function
Input function : input
Basic_pay = input('Enter the Basic Pay: ')

Output function : print

print('Hello world!')
print(‘Net Salary', salary)
Printing values of variables
• Numbers
• a = 10
• b = 20
• print(“the sum of”,a “and”,b, “is”,a+b)
• Strings
• str1=‘Jamal’
• str2=‘Priya’
• print(str1+’is a friend of’+str2)
By Default…
• Input function reads all values as strings, to convert then to integers
and float, use the function int() and float()
• p=input(“Enter principal”)
• p = int(p)
• n= int(input(“Enter number of years”))
• r=float(input(‘Enter interest rate’))
• i=p*n*r/100
• print(‘the interest is, i)
Now Let’s move to VPROPEL
Thank you !!