Games and Team Sports Reviewer  Physical activity or game.

Prelim Exam  It can improve one’s physical health

 System of activities in physical
Lesson 1 athleticism and dexterity.
Definition and History of Sports  It is a major source of entertaining. It
(Physical Fitness Components) broadcast everywhere to gather more
audiences.
 History of Sports
 recorded for centuries Meaning and usage
 documented history of sports goes  The word "sport" comes from the Old
back at least 3,000 years. French desport meaning "leisure", with the
 Involved the preparation for war or training oldest definition in
as a hunter, which explains why so many  English from around 1300 being "anything
early games involved the throwing of spears, humans find amusing or entertaining".
stakes, and rocks, and sparring one-on-one
with opponents. Physical Fitness
 teach lessons about social changes and about  It refers to the ability of your body systems
the nature of sport itself to work together efficiently to allow you to
 Ancient Greeks introduced formal sports to be healthy and
the world. perform activities of daily living.
 first Olympic Games in 776 BC.
 Games included: foot and chariot races, Parts of Physical Fitness
wrestling, jumping, and discus and javelin  According to the Oxford dictionary,
throwing. fitness is ‘the condition of being
 Wide range of Sports existed in Ancient physically fit and healthy.’
Greece.
 Olympic Games was held every four years. Health – Related Fitness
It is held in Olympia in a small village called  Cardiovascular Endurance
Peloponnesus. - Is how efficiently your heart, blood vessels,
and lungs to supply oxygen.
Games in the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece - Cardiorespiratory endurance measures how
well the body
 Senet in Egypt: 3000 BC performs during long periods of
 Backgammon in Mesopotamia: 2500 BC exercise.
 Egyptian sports: from 2000 BC  Benefits of Cardiovascular Endurance
 Greek athletics: 8th century BC Training
 The extended games: 7th century BC  Strengthens heart muscle
Polo: 6th century BC  Increases lung capacity
 Hockey: 6th century BC  Regulates blood pressure
 Boxing in Rome: 1st century BC - 5th  Reduces stress/enhances mood
 century AD  Lowers unhealthy cholesterol
 Dominoes and playing cards: 9th - 19th  Aids sleep
 century  Prevents obesity (gives the metabolism a
 Bowls: from the 13th century boost)
 BILLIARDS:16TH-19TH CENTURY
 Horse-racing: 17th - 18th century Ways to Improve Cardiovascular
Sports – activity that requires physical actions Endurance
and skills that individuals or teams compete in  Cycling
a specific rule.  Jogging
 Swimming
Muscular Endurance - Refers to the fatigue
resisting ability of skeletal muscles when
they are contracted using less than the maximal
force for an extended
time period.
Benefit of Muscular Endurance
1. Reduce the risk of injury in sports and
everyday life.
2. Prevents obesity and excess fat storage.
3. Boost performance in sports, weight training
and every day.
4. Improves mood and self-confidence.
5. Strengths muscles and bones in the long run.
6. Prevents muscular declines as you age.
Ways to Improve Muscular Endurance
 Push – ups
 Planks
 Squats
 Sit – ups
 Lunges
Muscular Strength
 Muscular endurance refers to how long your
muscles can work for without fatiguing,
while muscular strength is all about how
much force
your muscles can exert in one blow.
Health Benefits of Muscular Strength Training
• Strength training
• Builds and maintains muscle mass as you age
• Boosts mood and energy levels
• Aids bone health
• Burns excess calories (improves metabolic rate)
• Shreds excess fat stores
• Improves other components of fitness
(cardiovascular endurance,
coordination, and balance)
How to Develop Muscular Strength
 Bicep curls with dumbbells
 Dumbbell rows
 Barbell squats
 Deadlifts
 Barbell lunges
 Pull-ups
 Triceps dips
Flexibility - Is the ability of a joint or series of
joints to move through an
unrestricted, pain free range of motion.
Long Term Benefits of Flexibility Training
• Increases athletic performance (due to growing
ROM (range of
motion)
• Reduces chance of injury during physical activity
• Eases muscle aches, pains, and cramps
• Improves balance and posture
• Quickens recovering after exercising (improves
blood flow)
Exercises to Improve Flexibility
 Dynamic Warm- ups
 Yoga
 Dancing
Body Composition
 refers to the amount of body fat mass that
you’re storing in comparison to fat-free
mass, which is made up of organs,
muscles, and bone etc.
Benefits of Good Body Composition
• Creates a toned, lean figure
• Boosts the body’s functional capability
• Speeds up metabolic rate (torches calories even
when resting)
• Prevents heart disease, high blood pressure, and
type 2 diabetes
• Encourages permanent weight loss.
Methods of Training Body Composition
 Burpees
 Push ups
 Squats
 Sit-ups
 Plank
Skill – Related Fitness
Agility - is the ability to change and control the
direction and position of the body while
maintaining a constant,
rapid motion.
Balance - is the ability to control or stabilize the
body when a person is standing still or moving.
 Dual Sports – It is also known as two on two
Coordination - is the ability to use the senses wherein two athletes compete together as a team
together with body parts during against the other two athletes together as a team.
movement. - Can be also a one-on-one match wherein one
athlete will compete against one athlete.
Speed - is the ability to move your body or parts of
your body swiftly. Example:
Examples of some of the most popular dual sports
Power - is the ability to move the body parts include:
swiftly while applying the maximum force of the
muscles. Power is a combination of both speed • Chess
and muscular strength. • Table tennis
• Tennis
Reaction Time - is the ability to reach or respond • Badminton
quickly to what you hear, see, or • Racquetball
feel. • Fencing
• Beach volleyball
Lesson 2:
Classifications of Sports, Benefits of Dual Sports
Benefits from engaging in  encourage a lot of discipline
Sports and Different kinds of utilizing analytical skills
Games and Team Sports  studying what’s needed in order to
beat your opponent.
Sports is Classified into: Cooperation is extremely important in
 Individual Sports dual sports.
 Team Sports
 Dual Sports Team Sports
 Individual Sports – foster a higher amount - Team sports involve a larger
of discipline, self – confidence, focus, and group of people working together and competing
passion. against another large group (or several).
 Team Sports – many variables are
considered to fail the team. It depends on the Examples of some of the most
collective effort of the players. popular team sports include:
• Basketball
Individual Sports – the athlete is on its own to win. • Football
• Baseball
Examples of popular Individual • Handball
Sports include: • Hockey
• Skiing • Volleyball
• Snowboarding
• Running Benefit of team sports
• Swimming The main benefit of team sports is
• Bouldering teamwork
• Archery Working together encourages
• Gymnastics communication, problem-solving and
• Weightlifting putting aside your differences to reach the
common goal, which is to win.
 The two other main benefits of individual Friends
sports are self – discipline and mental Self confidence
focus.
Ways to Avoid Sports Injuries
• WARM UP BEFORE WORKING OUT.
• Wear safety Equipment - Computer Chess programs was invented in
• COOL DOWN AND STRETCH AFTER 1970. And since Deep Blue’s victory
EXERCISING over Kasparov in their second match in 1997,
• Stay hydrated players have relied on
• Don’t eat too much before the game computer analysis to help them gain an edge
• Get enough rest over the competition.
• GOOD WEATHER CONDITION
Setting up the Chess Board
Benefits of Sports in Daily Life
- Stress Buster R Kn B Q Ki B Kn R
- Health P P P P P P P P
- Self – Confidence
- Decision – Making 8x8 Chessboard 64 Tiles
- Teamwork
- Builds Character
- Source of Entertainment P P P P P P P P
R Kn B Q Ki B Kn R
Chess Pieces

Pawn – the pawn will go one tile at a time

Except at the start of the game wherein pawn can
Lesson 3: Chess move two tiles. There is a thing called promotion
wherein, if a pawn reaches the end of the
History of Chess opponent’s tile, the pawn will promote into queen or
- It is played more than 1500 years ago knight or rook or bishop.
- It was originated from India from 6th century
CE. Bishop – Bishop is also known as the sniper of
- Also known as chaturanga from earliest days. chess. They move diagonally but based on the color
- The pieces originally represented the military of their tile. If the tile they landed on is white, that
units common in means you have a white bishop. The same goes with
warfare at that time. the green bishop.
- The game spread from India to Persia in 7th
century, and then westward to Knight – They move anything that goes with L, it
- the wider Muslim world following the Islamic goes like this:
conquest of Persia. Islamic
influence then spread the game to southern
Europe, reaching western Europe by about
1000 CE.
- The modern rules of chess emerged in Italy
and Spain by the dawn of the 15th
- century.
- In the 20th century, chess competition became
a worldwide affair.
- The international chess federation, FIDE, was
founded in 1924, and it
began to administer the world chess
championship in 1948. Many strong players Rook – Its move is anything but straight line,
contested the world championship, with forward or backward as long it is straight.
legends like
Mikhail Botvinnik, Mikhail Tal, Bobby Queen – this is the most powerful chess piece,
Fischer, and Garry Kasparov because it can imitate the Bishop and Rooks move,
emerging as victors.
sometimes a chess player lose hope whenever their Pawn – 1
Queen is captured. Knight – 3
Bishop – 3
King – its move is only one tile at a time. When the Rook – 5
king gets captured, it is the end of the game called Queen – 9
checkmate, but when the king has no legal move, it
is called a stalemate, resulting in a time. Lesson 4: Word Factory

How to Play Chess: Word Factory - A mind-boggling word game

1. White always moves first, players take
pieces when the opponent is on their
movement path. Pawns can capture chess
pieces diagonally at one time.
2. Pawn movement
3. Knight movement
4. Bishop Movement
5. King Movement
6. Queen Movement
7. Rook Movement
8. Special Move: Castling – this type of move
allows the king and rook whether both sides
switch from each other. Chess players are
doing this to prevent ambush checkmate
from the opponents.
9. Special Move: En Passant - En passant is a
special movement for pawns attacking
pawns. It only applies if your opponent
moves a pawn two spaces, and its
destination space is next to your
pawn. You can take the opposing piece by
moving forward-diagonal to your pawn's
attacked square.
guaranteed to make a player eat words, think words,
dream words in just a few games. Players shake up
25 letter cubes and make words out of adjoining
letters. As fast as he can, a player searches for
words that he hopes his opponents won't find. It has
a 5x5 grid.
Boogle – a mini version of word factory, it is a 4x4
grid.
Equipments:
5x5 grid
Dome
3 -min Hourglass
How to Play:
1. Para kang naglalaro ng Wordscapes..Period.
Do not jump to the letters, find words by
connecting.
2. How to Win – The mutual words must be
crossed out, if you have a unique word
towards all of your opponent, you get a point
depending on how many letters you have.

Pointing System:
3 to 4 letters – 1pt
5 letters – 2pts
6 letters – 3 pts
7 letters – 5 pts
8 above – 11 pts

10. Check: A king is in check when an

opponent's piece is in a position that can
attack the king. A player must move their
king out of check, block the check or capture
the attacking piece. A player cannot move
their king into check.
11. Checkmate
12. Stalemate

Points of Every Chess Pieces