Chapter 5

Stadistic
 Chapter 5
CONTINUOS RANDOM VARIABLES • P[ a < ✗ ≤ b ] =p [ a ≤ ✗ < b]
=
p [ a ≤ ✗ ≤ b]

(E ,
S

✗
,

=
p

Dx ≤ IR
) Space of probabicity
Ü = [a ≤ ✗ ≤ b

flx) = P [ ✗ = ×] a b C
"
P [ a < ✗ ≤ b] = S a flx ) DX

P [ ✗ =
de ] = SÍ jxcxdx = O
•

fx ≥ O for an MEIR
"
•
S fx / ×) DX = 1
-
a

( I fx ) , y Distribution ojprobabiuity

f✗
: IR a IR

✗ y fxlx) = KÉI { O ≤ ✗ ≤ 1 } I 40 ≤ ✗≤ 1 }

{ ^ ≤ ≤ s
=
it ◦ ✗
•
- - - - - -
- -

, o other Wise
I
Pdf
'
KX
¡
+°

di-a.my#1=IJxlHdx--%00dx+Sofx2dx1-
3×2
↓
{ 10

Si 3/4
=

okxtdx = K [ % ]! =
¥ > K =3

p [ f- < ✗ <
f- ] [ ☒¡
"
3-
(f)?
1) y
3in =

1 /y
=
(7) 2%1=2%-1%2
Fx : IR Y IR
✗

f×
f- ✗ ( =P [ ≤ ]
✗ y × ) ✗ × =
fx / ✗ ' dx

Fxlx ) =P [ ✗ ≤ ×] ✗

fx : IR y IR

✗ y fxlx ) = KÉI { o ≤ ✗ ≤ 1 }
✗ O + lo

FXIXI =
fxlxldx = Odx +
3×2 dx +
Odx = O + [ ✗ 33×0+0
3
✗

'
cdj
{÷: ::
• •

ix. it ◦ ≤ ✗≤ es

• , / / % •

0^4 % 1

Fx / %) - Fx / 4) =/ 3413-1^413=13/32
 " "

1×1--1=5 S {¡ fx (E)
•
E
-
1×1×1 dx •
El ✗ 1
=µ
=

-
✗
•
f ✗ ( ✗ ldx =
✗ dx +

si
◦
✗ giiiíidx
"
+ [ xjixidx =

If g : IR > ir then Elglx ) ) =µg =

=
S o
✗ fxlx ) dx =
% 3×3 dx =3 [ ¥ ]¡ =

=
¡9 / ✗ ) f ✗ IX ) dx
= 3/
y
-
☐

El ✗2) =
¡ ✗ 21×1×1 dx = 2.3×2 dx =3 [¥ ¿ =
3-
-
•

" ° -45
•

VAE 1×1=5} = El ✗2) -

Ea / ×) = } (4)2=3 ¡
- -

•
=

8o
=

8% >
No puede dar negativo
Tx =
80
=
Ó 193

Chebychévinequauity

•
^
P [ ✗ ≥ KT ] ≤ P [ 1 ✗ / KT ] > 1- 1
µ { Y µ <
-

42 KZ
1
[ KTL ] > 1 ]
p 1-
>
µ p [µ µ
< >
-

✗ -
< KT 1- < >
-
KT < ✗ < + KT
µ, KZ

=3
p [µ ¡
•
K = 2 >
-
2T < ✗ <
µ +2T ] > 1 -
= 75%
y

p [ µ -30 ¡ 88%
•
K =3 < -130 ] 1 ≈
> ✗ <
µ > -
=

p [µ
K
•
Y 9317.1
Y?
=
y
-
40 < ✗ <
µ -140 ] > 1- = ~
.

[ µ ✓
¡
•
K 1 t < ✗ < & ] > 1 O
µ
= =
y p
- -

\ P[ ✗ ≤

12=5
E ] =

E
fx

fxlxldx
(E) =
SEfx
-

=
y

5o
E
1×1 dx

3×2 dx
=

=
{

[ ✗
3
] } =

•
✗^
-

9- ^ 9-3
(E) Es
=3
=
Media >
^

y
g. 2 =
O
'
793
 Continuos unijoem distribution

1
✗ NU { [ a. b ] } < > jxix ) =
b- a I { a ≤ ✗ ≤ b } y Formula .

{
✗ id ✗ < o

1 1 Fxlx ) =P [ ✗ ≤ × ]=
{ fxlxldx =
b- aij a ≤ ✗ ≤ b
→

b- a b- a 1
•
✗ it × > b
•
1

{ dx ×
=

b- b-
fx
a a
o
G
• • •
atb

a 2 M b

"
b b
Saxdx
1
1 •

E / × )=µ { fxlxsdx
^
b- [ ¥
a-b2.AZ
•
= ✗ = = a

g. a

=
( bta) / b- a) = a +y

FX 2lb a) -
2lb -
al 2

[ Éfxlxdx ¡ Mdx ¥ ]¿
1

^
El ✗2)
•
=
=
=
= b- a
•
b-a
a
≥

a b / b- a) .
/ tóiab + a )
=
b2 + ah + a2

{ ¿ fxixdx
3
3 lb - a)
•
= 1/2
2
&
E21xj-b2-ab-a2.la b)
+
^
{ JEA VAM
{
•

/ ✗/
=

E / ✗2)
dx
La [
= ✗ = = -
2
=
3
b. a b.
a

bt
2 2
E- a 1 a? Zab b2 / b- a) la b)
-
-

= = = =

2-
_

b- a y ,, 12

↳ a bta
E- ¿ + a =
z =p

Normal distribution of probability :

A
fx
-

Fx

a b
Normal Distribution ( Gauss -

dapieie )
Z ,
t ,
X ? F

T2 ) ( ¿
✗ ^
Y)
✗ N / <
fxlx )
¡ ¿
~ >
µ =p exp
-

.
,

2- ~
N 10 , 1) Normal Standard .

5-
•
fxlxldx =
1

✗ ~ B /µ p) , ; p [ ✗ = ×] =
( Y ) px l l -

p)
" - ×
O ≤ ✗ ≤ n

{
550
"

( jjj ) / %) ?
✗ "" ✗

L ) ≤ ( E) ( a) ( %)
' '
-

✗ ~ B 11000 . ; p [ 540 ≤ ✗ ≤ sso ] =

=

✗ uo

+ . . .
=

(1%8) / %) ?
"

"

4-1
p [a
≤ ✗ < b) =
¡ fxixidx
o
y
=

*
a b Para encontrar estos
A
NUMEROS nos vamos a la tabla
◦

buscamos 1.Y
y vamos

l 1. YO , 1.41 , 1.42
t a
de probabilidad ( PDF ) blas
*
contando . . _

hasta 1.47 l numero que nos

A
dan ) el numero que aparece lo

[z ≤ -2 ] colocamos !
p

Ñz
[ 2-1 ≤ Z Zz ] [ -2 ≤ -22 ] p [z
≤ z, ]
p
<
p
= -

[
"

1 23 < 2- ≤ 1.47 ] [ z ≤ 1.47 ] [ ≤ 1.23 ]

p =p z =
>
p
-

-2 , -2L '
O 9292 8907
'
-
O =
0.0385

A
NUMEROS de la tabla

FÍE
+z
[ [ 2- ≤
p 1 2 Z ≤ 1 ] A ] 6826
'

=p [ z ≤ 1] O
=
p
- -
-
=

'
[ -2 2- ≤ 2 ] =p [ z ≤ 2 ] p [
≤ -2 ] = 09772 0228 0.9544
p < 2- O
-
- =

µ -2J µ
-
& µ µ
+ t
µ -12T

' " ^ ""

""
t " >
" =

"
'
}
""
=

:-. .

2- =

b- µ ~ 2
2- b

]
=

& 10,12
Z ~ N

es Sigma
(t )

2-a Zb

[ 2- a ≤ 2- ≤ Zb ]
p
 O
X kevare tabshan anl exasnen

?
2 0.9 n
21.5: 1.5.1=0.25
-

= = -D 23

.
o,3
2

PCO EY E 1.33
0 .
= BR
19 7 46.233 7
FPLZLO 0.5987-0.4013:
.

.257-PCZE-0'233:
-O.234
.3
22. 11.22

Jz
z
J i t

4
Xon =
x

fxCx
Y
7
ast
u,r2J
eY

/z
MZpeacxess Salxsoax :
Mën zunicn

.
ls
M
in
ù za zb

x te
Z
-
=

Ejercicio 3.6.
XuN 737
NoN
2
L 130, 52 ,
Z =
4-30
s
s zo r 1
wRO
0,97
/u,
D,1)
PE 49 36.33 = BIO 1.263
1.263- =
0.3962-0.7482=
=

'L4D
PCZE
.G5EZ2
233.25
PCZEOGS]
PI 7 BE L X 4 32'53

r
=
32.53=
-32.5
4l
Z
-62'5 12'493
30 7
12-32'5.
=

Z
=2'3
32'5-30 =
0'3
2+
3 Ó 2 00
'400
Mru

oz
F

BC
E

1 Z4 E 0'3] = uuwbbten i
-12'49
o

"
-

Z 4 I

33 C 35
-

PIZEG J - ] =
PIZ E D
PZZE-12'h41
s
'B
-E2'mYY
'OOOZ
ò
'49GB
4'3-0'0002 =

Eiercicio 5.7

Assumina the ehous lin measuraments of 300 topogrephicals observatious jonow a normal distribution

swith mean o aud standard carivantion is carcelate

:
,
BEFAWLT EYEESS
Z
: E

u mun
-Q
E nN
I D 42 3 : znN 10. 13
Eu
3
,
4
-6 o x lo
x
a

wa n
B C I E EG =

pE
x E GJ
)
-GE
3
IEI E 6

Ze pC
}
1.5 IZE
3
3=9 S 5 35 04332-0.0060 0.8664
.
=-
.
-PCEE-1.
PLZEM.
1.
=-Q
Zz
=
Q
y =
1 .5

bl probability that it be a
defoust cose andh biggat tha 8.

PCEC BCZ = 0.0228 Esta es ha

probabinialand
2-2]
-83=
.
z
-8 = 2
:
-
C IJ we call small the emors of len tran 7 1 -.
)
BELEI =

BE =

BC 1.753
= PEZE PCZC + 0.9399-0. 6.9193

1.753-
-1.757
-MASEZE
-EEEZJ
O4O1=
J
7
P C E L 3 7
3
= 1 - B GIEIE NS3006.9198 =
276

73
=
Zn :
-7 = - 1.73
Nb 41-0'9198: 24

=300.
72= 7 = 1.75

Problem 3.8

suppose the soil river basin is randome

Bhe ga a vaciable that is
normachily distributed with mean E sad stalaaaral ceviation

r
52 you sehect a raaidown saample of soil and determine its pH

:
.90.
4 -

6
£ =

p
'l
0'18?
f
2
W P
th v
mo 1 6, 1
z
0 , 1

?=Ó'18?
o

w 1
s

ummum
BL EXE 6.253 =
: BCZE
= 0'9938-
= O
D'1587
2'53-pCZE-13
PC-SEZE2.53
'8351
3.90
5190-6 -

69
29+ = 2 -
n
6'1 O
'
1
O of

6.10

PCX
623-6
Zz = =25
1- 1- Ml

=6b
o
103= =
36'103=
=
'1
pCxE6.
pIZE13
o 6'23
'h
640-6
1-88413 =011587 7= =
DJ

M
Öl
Ö

'GSOO
0.9495 a 09503
oos i î
iymincm PIzzZa pLZEzaJ
1'644163
s
= 9.64
3=B'GS
=0'93
s
za
M Q D
=G
,
LGYS
'
=6TOLGYS:
Explicaciones varias
:
BVBC 1000, 3) PLS EXISMOJ EHO (
1000

) 52 o
'
3O
I x
J4000
a X
=330
3 10 0 ,](}]"( *)"000-¥ (]( à
=
50000
p Cx =
x
/
u000
YnN 1300. 812) 155

X
-300
Z =

^3' 8 ^

Central
wr

limit theorem

1
Q,15
2507)= 13'813?
INBI 1000, 1 )2 42 1500. 1 1500, ZwnL
N
N
p 540] = pC
1894 ZC 0'9943-0'9706= 0'0237
2533:PTZC2333-PCZEN'893=
2S30Lx4
Z 530-500= 30
2 1'89 22= 340-500 =
40 = 253
1=
13'81 d 13'81 1581
5'81
25 Ml 22 Ho :

:Mo
.
:

XUXIM MELa C
}
,+)ûâzÑEM
ne
95%.
Mcho

,DI
:
2
nxue Reject
usno
Sampling
Stialuficl
saupury random Nown Sauepiney by quotes

-random
constant

Opinion
s
used indivicuats instrata Broportional
zoe agrowpel pous

.
Ranndomn samepsing bey Deniberate
cheusteros non sampirnay
.
-random
Birected fandorn
of
selection
sampring indivianas
deliberately
s
well knowledze of thee BoBsolanticonn

Rapresentatireness deperds not

onlag oz
true
sahlpling tethod because sample rize is

also inportant
.
Parameter Estimation

Rancom sample u i id X w D
-

X x , 2

1
-x Xix
x Qr IEiEn
:
X 1

23
,
size m

''
C

height

,
"
Data height height

neight
Set .0 0,
:
,
,
s
X X xu
2,-.,
1,
=
J
Estimatoe O i
42 + - 1
-
CXL
-
,
:
=
J
Estimazion Oe Cx 42, -
-

-
-x
u )
:
,
1
Jlxe Dê e 74 ey sxu endyteexat
--tal
'yti:
42,-, xu L
)=
?
e
"l
1
%?.
,
es 4
=
! " X 2 ? - -
-

--
1,
u!Xm!
uh!
Point Estimation

X x 4 1 1, a ) a s s

Example payiman 3 docunaleto exuto

maa re l

Randour
sample X ç x
=ŞŞR,xi
I X 43
:
2,
1,
3,44,
Bata set 1.3. 1.2, 1.4, 3.0,3.5
s âs 1.2.,... 3.81 =2-2141 1 =328
:
9.3.
Estimation
9 Q
=25-1TEstimator
bxG 25 ( x 3 = x 3 1 + = oe
=

Z
 Excruple XWNIM

23), X 42.. 120 N

,
-zo
:
. ,

16
Diitee
set
:
24'46 25'61 26'23 26'42 2666 27'13 27'31 27'918 28'04 28128 281491 28'50 28187 291'43 2943 27'74

27'994 20550 3088. 3

û 2779 J 203

2.
.
Moments method

Eeki j z YŽwexi
MSiixi

ELxJ Fre '

Enxiise
ELXJ Y Sxi J = j2 Z

?
=

?
?)
3
X=Yn
-MPTAR:
M:Y
Xo Bare lp x u Bu random
sample
)
,42.-..
Y
Data Set Llß p (
1.1..:1,0,0,.,0
O xeon

"
)
:
4
d-pj-Y,
ww
mn
-x
likelihood x fBJ =
Y x bu B t Ybu 1 - p
ln x
i x f }

lu
methodî Jbal k GP O
X
Moyp
s X
U x
:
= -

)
-
+
:

= p 1 -

O
p
dß
s
x =

-PX
pu-PXsP=Yr
29, 11. 22

Point PARAMETER ESMMatON

plorentts Methorch Example E x 3

:
x3
.
E 544384
440
E x =
5 s J =

J hwhane 650.
3dX,0)
L 1 =
ş xsa

SYag STP
xY e ax
Y ŞîmznY
-
o

vesomeattes metheod ELxL 8 43 dx

z 4

?=
:

E f
45
z
2
:
B z =
x1x.
like

Method lire 8" è * 3%%

4so
limood
G
Hetts
-

D
=
ax =
liry
ox.
peas Ixtose

-
k

2 1 E (x ) Sx 0 x De = nGeXsO

?-Xx+De*o
D 3 = F x 4x 01 =
x = x xDEYo 3
8eY
ax
SBO
dx
"ot
,
:a B
wm
mur

bu L sSèÅlöaxz
-qétso
Wh
gx C =
5

?
4,01
10)-5 dn

özz
-dy
K=ebed
w
.
-oe'to
du e
=ÇŞmzâ
:!
"lods
hikelimood method

LlD = = Gexuo IêBxo ... I f exuso -[

)
M
EBéYoEn-ets
Jx Cx
,G1
)
]
)
kzy

Brandhonk Samphar

QJ leYOE
k
latI
"thas
X 32,-, u Sizeu easios ( e
- aL
-les
=nK
:1ry
u
1o1
1,
feuzlol Şe
+0
:W+qo
,Y4
tE

Q
u
x E =
Žamiti
o
-
=1*1
â-?
 pÜSEŞôî

=EçôØÅzzEzôzzØôtØjElôzy-zØElôztôûEôjêLôj
mmaummammr

CO TIQ

3
4 t ware 1
Ib

-ELBYB
no

O
=
wo

33
,
{
1
o
}
F t =
xx
+
4 2 1
+ } x
3 + x x 3
f

praundom sample of size 4?

z
h Y i Y Y Y 4 y 3
T
Y
y Y3
I
3
B
= y

Xi ,

B
, X 3,
X X
y T

: IX 2 4 t 4 + Z x )

3
+
2

1 2 3 x

Xi =
X iid

Vorelaxt
,
Vaeiauwe b = Qf voe lxl

)
1
Expectatioon ( 182 +22) f ++23
9
Tl =
o 6
Vare

+ =

)
2
36

22+ 22 10 23 3
22
oELT IheTras BMTfI E wht B ?
= =

BMIN
x =
13=1
36 1 8
:
6
R GJ 72) 22
T Tyues : M B
= 30
E o
(
l
= I Ire tIbe
18

16 =
o
( +3 Vae
b
+42Z+
2+
3
=In
25
2)
T23
22
o E ( T tZu
Tr
Zu =

QU =
=

§
+
M
)
33=Ihe
22: a
LT = 12?+4 f +4 727
36 B

3
Ware B =

6
+7R
33
Distribution Meau
of the
sauple

XWBLM A
TIWIIMT
,T23
2)ñIru
,
T 2
X X +
-

-
-
t
h 3 rizen X =
X h + X 2
X

-
t
- x
h
32,
12
1
i

42 421, X --.
X
C
2m
221
LEIXITELX -
X 4 431, ....
MX - - tx u
2)
+
- E
X
=ELXM=U
9
432

3B
43o
? : : : !
-
IM
+M+-TM):^M=u
F
Jun a
xan Xulz Xmn
,
,....
f
Ut
Ware 22
Xe 22+
=
?:
uz in
t?tt=
+X2t--thr:Ye
XNN GU 42 STNNIM
,
J
,+.
XNXIM
ry
3 50
CU IIn zoe n
,
?30.
)
,
42
XNN
( 72], is known es
Z
=5.Fn
21z
ML,
PILEXEkJ conridense level -
ez FnZ
:1-a
asi
212
=*+
F
}
Q = B
es ez
%.
-NIM.A1
re n
men
dEzx ? 5- 4
: PEX be
la EX J
-M
1- EM
e23
=1-
-FFr
he
-T
spEle
a
a
0 1 ve
in

tumians
PITLET Tp C mn - Lfx
Jn lea
-FGJ-CX-TCa)=
-tis
hm
-G
2J-b-I
 PLGEzeeJ s h

}
+7.
M a
alz

+e-a
+
12
l = + z 212 ösus

2
zia z a

Tu

1
T
Ton J
5+ 7212
-2212
.
t
? E za {z.
u

Continuacion tevra 6.

Z 5 I z
T

* $
t
:
8I2
rm

zalat
za1z5
For
E Wi

T tX w S I
¥
tada
:II
1z,
.
-s
S
t M S
w
-
262,m-1
-1
Wor Fur
E

conridance cawel E 2222

Tu Q =
1 3 GaiI
=
.
1

(1 ll 100, 02 a = 5%. 3 954.

-21x
aLn
o)
2 = LOi s 9

.
OT.
1'7
723 2? MELN

he3
'7O,
XNNM u n k n ow n { if
is
,
1' 70 1'72 M

'7Y
X , in 29
-

s w
=

1 X 2 1
in
-
=
5 2-
E
l
x T 0'0" 951.
-.
+51.=
=ylxK-XR
1,ba5
n
-e
5 s
I tala mo 9
$12=8'025
,
Öu za
^
5= E 2048. I
E 0 51=00057
n
t 28
= =
-1
è7279
0023,
28
2lz,
k
=y(XK
0'0748
S = 2'048. = 1'7279 O
I
'028Y
u = za aw
~
tal M = to 28 2048 $721002
2,
=
'023,
-h
Betweren Means
6.6. Estimation of the
Bisserances the oz Nonmant
Populations
tî 42?
lxñoxzjIza mi
+

nz
known Varianne cars
1z
se 522
2

4
?+
C 4 i

x 3 I z 212 uniainwin Variaka

Mi Ma
30
n
:
( Italz Mntna zxSp Te
x1-42)
-
,
+na
SB ( tlnz
-1352
s
MrnTS?
:
Ma +72-2
 informatiore
A B

2=3%. uz

=å
C 95%.

5
3 no
un

=
Sp (10-130'52+48-11072 Xu =
3. 1 Xn
?=
=2'7
18+ 8 -
2
-

Sß co o
S 6.3 52=

's
=4'5962
'1
B7
on

1:
fong d
o

.
'se
LMliduzkóG
0'
Sß

9
G
:E596
3'1027]?
4
2'12070596 0599
UsM
v

sui

o+-0'4+
2-O's
-UZTO'B
-
Mrizua

s
X v B 1 m BD MUz 3 3 Mz

MZ=UITO's
=-O'S
?bls
,

X 1 -- ve ôlza

1zQle-ô3
-

2
1 X

iß
wa m
E
nlangen

X
O =
Jw EMST 101. L
.MY..
in

4
Exampla

Muuna
0'3411-0'34)
M =
MOO O I l = IO

'OYG
ih

8W
'9G
'34
O'34
-ious
ô 299%4%. EE
:136
C
i j i

3Ś6%.
~
qOO
z D O 0'386
0023óoazs
2G4
'34
Zxl Z
2=
002s
selectionn of the sacuple size
.
TI żasa Tn

e XI E

E
Jn 3 Ta z a l s u
JaZaI flôzôlnôszôôz
n=
2
=
-zala
E

jLôs
=rezô=osô=?zos
J maximuu
"/G)=.200
s

PROPORMON

ôleâs
ôzzalz u

E
=2a1zôln-s
unEalz ble 22
I2T0'5J?.
0)u=2ôll.OE
Test of Hegpotnesis Role of
decision

Ho

r
M

=MO=1.68
:
~
tas
:
be
3 MGMo MTMo

,
11
Mo,
ól
a

test stadistic Z x

-to
o

Ea
æce *

r
11"
Z in
NRmo RHo rmóza MRMD
o
X h Le tail z lowere tail
E 1 5 dos
uppere z

-text
-text
1,
.
,

Ma"1
41
212
tha tail Zotest

s
,
,
-
zalz NRme zalz

RHO Birto

lx
,Bx1
Yu s ka rauedom size
samepier of ur
...tle
.
X h , 4 2 -
-
- -x sampler ceake z
=
50 t =

*-
n
tno u

uow
Exauole 7. some species of thima rish are krowan to have a mean weight 060 Bowntsd A complaint

.
is bit
made that tha toaron
living in a
mussicibar coastal sish jeene a re
umdaged As owe

.
waighed and to have waight
of evidence
36 rish
a sample ofu tuna ace
jound a meam
:
,
3 pounds It is that the distributed with stanchora
of X knocn
populationn is
normarky
=
E'G9
.
derioation t on t
Based
pounds the awailable - -
-
=10.5
.
XNM
LM 723 T
=10'3
,
X X X x
ramdom
sample
o
: M
=MO=G0
tho
130
1.
31---
2.
4 1, 42....36
Sample
that
Crho -60
o

ta
:
36

36'9-6010'5) 177
z

X 30' 9 jn 31. X
=
= z
-tm=
a =0.03 --

Mx
za Z =-
1'643
=
005
"llu
-1645 NRHO

Rmo
Exauepla 8. I is assumed thant the mean
blood
pressure
is 12 c .-.-

O
M

=
+
M
t
:
n = 24 73 2
=5-the
123-120 20'2 100 Rtko

inn
czuz

"
-

Ł 99 t 99

002s,
0'023,
in M 9842

'
1q842
*
Excupla 11. In a wetk kmown
stodkly an
group og
Americann doctors assure that
aspirimm is beneficial to
prevennit hearct

,
diseasef - -
-
-

Ho :
Qr Qz Ihs Ds CO
=O.
?
-
-Qz
Z Ł = 2'575
2=
0'003
Qn
=
10
3 1 1000 = 0'0
m
Gams
ôz 189 1 11000 =0'01718 âz Xx + 42
= +2500 ? 82
=
B81331
untnz 24 +43 2300

untes

DPedira
Z =
ânôâ = 2'37

âu
-âz[üüÇ}
delosar
zomi
Formas de rechazare La Hhipotesis msten
.
Tms mnzz
ruo

PIES 20'025=
2 3 RHo Rechaze
247J
åuk
7
T 99
0'023,
w
984z
MH sae
he pezizizgcn
pCZs s MRsto
3'733a
E
"ass
No Rechazo La

Hipot mcher
.
.
20112122

xtest Test of huypothesis

:
Goodness malepandance X text
.

ofher
o

of fit

2
o

Ho
Becition sule
o

a
o e

Nunu
NR
8to
x Sh 1)

skon 3
.
2a.
Example 6.3. At Eala
point a
regionarl governmenht has two
Bolicy options : cuht prrblitic ra8
speiidunng ise or taxen IRT

SI
).
Agziliationn LPS DuT Totak

72'43 7752
A 62 ao 15 Ho Both classifications ae inde panndecht

:
z
a 9588
212
B 1
B8
103 85 tha Both chamriticatious a re dapenahent
:
zauw BÓGO
C 3 za 60 Terst : 72
ß
Totae IA 2 WOO Ol : A x 132
lez :
204 4 132
6
96
1
E4
yo UDO
0
196 988
2 =
101. &2 = *
l =
2049 § ^88
l
22
YDO mOO

139= 1996 4 60
lzz 204 X

60
=
400 mow

X Oij j 62- (
2
-lij
/ C 31. 2 9 C
auop
83-az'881
=eŽjeC
=
+ f
o-7z's27
lo3-azzIP+
ZYY8R+
74148 9 2\ G

388
rq
eij
Ż
7 7"
'uo
S2
t (29-3460)2 = 6' 79
30'60

M r
."""
"ta
X 13-14
1-1- 71'60
?'o.k.
Ls Valoeque
noi.1
hemasobtenide
de las tabslars

BLSTAT

Ls Pagrina caalsuebs estadistios

penfor
 Problem 6.9. To know ij tuere is
any relationship between the habit of smoking and

heakth problems it has been sorveyed 500

patients in hospitals and were asked
ij theey

are
i Ho Both classifications care
independent
...
:
.
uness smokere non smover Totak
Ma Both classipications coce dependent

:
.
qu GE

'6
loo
4e
6 160
Leweg

O
293 x

160
lil e 205 x
160

=
8815 61
=

500

2e
s
300
75
Bigastive 75 eso
O 295 x ^30
e 203 x 130
a
=
=
MRZn

92
22
7la
ZDO S

00
cardiowascenart 120 zo lao
L 295 x 190 923 2
203 x 190

13=
500 SOW
total 293 205 500

X
Ej Coij eij I (73-88'31 y
1
1 2 0. 11211'+
160 -656)2
+
?=Pi=,
100-
qu'l)
qu Ißzs
= 88'5 G

'ne
56
lig?
-
=e
173- 61532
4
170- 77'93: 7'19
Gh 7
'5
z'9
RHG

öllvın
ça
X : 4'60
?,1'2
Problem 6.12. A makh sells To BWB and Digital canerars SBEJ To determine whether l ..
.
I
,
Tu DUD DE totad
2=10%.
IN 6'9 3'77
s
'31
lasu ^^ z 7 22 Ho Bothe chassivications are independent

.
:
Y zób l 23
4'
9
2'69
lard sz sa ^ 83 Ha Both classivicatious are dependent
.
:
z
36 22 12
30
Credit 27 32 ^ 70 enn aD x
l
35 x
[31=
x
22
22
=
22
?
ß
21
175 173 L

75
total ao 55 30 175 le =
90 483
lzz =
35 x 83
l =
30 x 83
2
3z
17 d ~75
s
7s
=
L 90470 123: 35 x
933=
30 470
70
13
173 173 1 as
Test Ex Bjn eig C
lleldbeR +
57- 127-3672
+ 14-691?+ 119-20091 +
?:2.
:
2

4269
Y269R4
1931 ó 26'09
= 30
'àl
/Oijolijp
Rechanza han inalap I Ho
.
(12- 169223
)
+
132-22724 Lll 15'19
d
-ZR
17-3'77 + =
Beßendienters
Py
2 3' 77 1423 l z
z
Xr (
silas
-
cocurenemars

- :
Xou
şammsra
zeublen
ES

15491
RHO

es
=

a
es

grawede
deperdiaaute

quie
7'77
Ntüu
s-el/b-11
'e
d
rikan
table
Lovalorsacando
os
717 7. Q
DDrew
tames 2
*

'
tatshar
Xa
!
fllearias
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