12

TVL – AFA - ORGANIC

AGRICULTURE
Quarter 1 – Module 3:

PREPARE COMPOSTING AREA

AND RAW MATERIALS
TLE – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3 Prepare Composting Area and Raw Materials
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
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authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Rosie Baldelovar, Analiza Pampora
Editors: Rosemarie Elum, Jonathan Bayaton, Jefferd Alegado
Reviewers: Rosemarie Elum, Jonathan Bayaton
Typesetter: Aisa C. Ibero
Layout Artist: Aisa C. Ibero
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Adolf P. Aguilar Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D.
Antonio B. Baguio,Ed.D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
 12

TVL
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Prepare Composting Area and
Raw Materials
(Prepare bed according to production requirements)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TVL-Organic Agriculture 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Prepare Composting Area and Raw Materials!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the TVL-Organic Agriculture 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Prepare Composting Area and Raw Materials!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
What I Know
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
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 module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of
What is It the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
What’s More
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
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 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the nature of Organic Agriculture. The scope of this module permits it

What I Need to Know

to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. prepare bed according to production requirements;
2. create compost bin according to available materials at home; and
3. compare the ways of making compost.

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 What I Know

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES
Direction: Read each item carefully. Write the correct answers in your notebook.
Let us determine how much you already know.

1. What do compost organisms need?

a. Balanced diet of compost materials
b. Right amount of air and water
c. Right temperature
d. All of the above
2. A way of making compos that requires 3-4 months before farm wastes are fully
decomposed and ready for use.
a. Traditional method
b. Rapid method
c. Bio-enriched method
d. Modern method
3. Compost materials that are brown and dry is called ______.
a. greens
b. browns
c. wastes
d. Organic
4. Which of the following is an example brown compost material?
a. Newspaper
b. Rotten vegetables
c. Sawdust
d. Hedge trimmings
5. One of the organic media that are dried and screened, mistened, composted 20
days and dried again.
a. Sand
b. Perlite or vermiculite
c. Alfalfa
d. All of the above

B. True or False
Direction: Write True if the statement is correct, False if it is incorrect.

_______ 1. Composting needs just a right amount of water and air.

_______ 2. Compost materials also need a balance diet.
_______ 3. In composting, the right temperature is needed.
_______ 4. Brown and green manure is the primary materials of composting.
_______ 5. Vermin composting is the use of vermin or earthworm in composting.

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Lesson PREPARE COMPOSTING
AREA AND RAW
1 MATERIALS
Inside this module are topics intended for your learning. The topic in this
module is a continuation to the previous module. Preparing bed according to
production requirement is discussed in the succeeding pages. Enjoy reading this
module and work on different activities filled with fun.

What’s In

Direction: Answer the following questions in your notebook.

1. What do compost organism need?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. Is it necessary to have a compost pile at home?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that

will help you in guiding the learners.

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 What’s New

What do compost organisms need?

1. Balanced diet of compost materials compose

 “Browns” are compost materials that are brown and dry. Examples are
sawdust, dried leaves, straw and small twigs and others. “Browns” are high
in carbon, which for microbes are energy food.
 “Greens” are compost materials that are green and moist like kitchen
wastes, grass cuttings and the like. “Greens” are high in nitrogen, which
microbes need to make proteins

If you add about 3 parts of browns to 1 part of greens, then the compost
organisms will have a balanced diet.

2. Right amount of air and water

If there’s a right amount of oxygen and moisture, microbes can rapidly grow
and multiply. If there is much or too little of water, the microbes die. Compost
materials should have a thin film of water around them, and lots of pore spaces
filled with air.

3. Right temperature
Organic materials will eventually decay even in a cold compost pile but the
decay process is sped up in a hot compost pile. When bacteria and fungi grow
rapidly, they burn a lot of food, and give off a lot of heat. If the compost pile is big
enough, the heat will build up inside the pile. Bacteria that grow well at high
temperature take over and speed up the decay process.

What is It

Prepare bed according to production requirements

Ways of Making Compost

1. Traditional method.
This is a slow process, requiring 3-4 months before farm wastes are fully
decomposed and ready for use as compost fertilizer. This means that the fertilizer
can only be used after one planting season. This also requires a bigger composting
area. This method involves only eight steps. It is inexpensive to produce and
requires no extensive input except labor.

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2. Rapid method.
With the aid of fungus activator Trichoderma harzianum, decomposition of
farm wastes is accelerated to just 3-4 weeks.

3. Bio-enriched method.
Employing both fungus activator and a nitrogen-fixing bacteria, farm wastes
are first decomposed by Trichoderma sp. for 2-3 weeks, after which the resulting
compost is inoculated with live N-fixing bacteria Azotobacter sp. Incubation for 1
week produces a nitrogen-enriched compost that can supply a rice crop’s total N
requirement, depending on the material used, soil condition, and planting season.

Steps in making a compost

A. Traditional way
1. Make the soil firm, and dig a trench around for excess water to flow
into.
2. Stack up about six (6) inches high of grass. Do not compress.
3. Put 1-2 inches thick animal manure over the grass. Urea or
ammonium sulfate of about 1-2 kilograms may also be used if
available.
4. Put 1 inch thick of rich soil mixed with wood ashes, lime over the pile.
5. Repeat the process over the pile until about 1 ½ meters high.
6. Water the pile to make it moist.
7. Thrust a pipe(s) or bamboo pole(s) with holes to allow air to penetrate
The bottom of the pile.
8. After three weeks, turn the compost over with the aid of a garden fork.
This is easily done by transferring into another pile so that the bottom
layer will now be on top, etc.
9. Turn the compost again bottom up after 5 weeks. Wait for 4 weeks to
allow complete composting.
10. Water the compost during hot weather; cover the compost pile with
banana leaves during rainy days.

The pile of compost will be hot. This means that the bacteria in it are
working. Composting can also be hastened with the use of a chemical for this
purpose.

B. Making compost in 11 days

Materials
 Farm wastes: leaves, straw. hull, grasses, weeds fresh and dry.
 Fresh animal manure: carabao, cow, horse, chicken, goat, etc.
 Kerosene can or basket
 Eight pieces posts about 2” – 3” diameter at 5” high.
 Bamboo slats
 Shovel, garden fork, bolo
Procedures in Making Compost Pile
1. Select a shady place in your yard that is somewhat elevated and does
not lodge water.
2. Construct compost pile measuring 1 X 1.5 square meter by 1 meter
high using the 8 posts and bamboo slats to enclose the posts; allow
space for air at the bottom.

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3. Cut the farm wastes about 3 to 4 inches or smaller.
4. Wet these or soak in water for 5 minutes. If they are plenty, spray
waste water on the mound
5. Mix with equal amount of fresh animal manure; mix them well.
6. Stack up the enclosed place up to 4 feet high.
7. See if the pile is getting heated. If not, sprinkle with dissolved
fresh manure. It is important to have this heat in 24-48 hours.
8. Reverse the pile; see if it is heating up. Keep it moist but not wet. If it
is not, hot sprinkle with dissolved manure.
9. Reverse the pile again; see if it is heating up. Keep it moist.
10.The pile must be cooling at this point, which means the
compost is done.
11.The resulting compost is ground (pulverized). If desired, let it
stay to decompose longer because the natural bark or coating
takes a longer time to deteriorate.

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Additional Information

How to Create a Compost Bed

Composting is a straightforward process that can be accomplished by

anyone with a small patch of outdoor space. Composting allows you to divert your
kitchen scraps and yard waste from a landfill, instead of turning them into a rich
soil amendment. You only need a few tools, a little bit of time, and some basic
information to begin composting and ensure the success of your setup. This guide
will help you to create a compost bed (or compost "pile") from scratch and maintain
it properly.

1. Decide on a location for your compost

pile. There are a few considerations to keep in mind
when choosing a location. Do not place the compost
pile so far from your house that you will be
disinclined to add scraps and to monitor its
condition. If you have nearby neighbours, they may
not appreciate an unsightly compost pile close to
their property line. Also, avoid positioning your
compost pile on your best garden soil; this robs you
of valuable space to grow your vegetables and other
plants.

2. Build an enclosure for your compost pile if desired. A compost bed can be as
simple as a large open heap, but an enclosure provides numerous benefits. It keeps
rodents and other animals away from your compost, and it helps to keep your
compost contained when you turn it with a pitchfork. An enclosure can be made
from lumber, poultry wire, concrete blocks, or any manner of fencing. Make sure
the enclosure still allows you easy access and is no longer than about 3 feet (1 m)
long in any direction.

3. Build a base layer for the compost pile. For efficient decomposition, the
microbes in your compost pile need fresh oxygen. The bottom of a compost pile
tends to be the most oxygen-starved, as it is farthest from the outside air and gets

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no ventilation. The best way to remedy this problem is by deliberately building a
base layer for your compost pile out of tree branches and limbs. A loose pile of
these limbs will help to establish plenty of air pockets in the bottom of the compost
pile.

4. Add your organic scraps to the compost

pile. Nearly any plant-based material can be added
to a compost bed. Vegetable scraps, coffee grounds
and filters, paper, cardboard, and yard clippings are
all examples of materials you can add to your
compost pile. These materials can be divided into
carbon-rich and nitrogen-rich types.

Nitrogen-rich materials are those that are still

in a living state. Fresh leaves, fresh grass clippings,
vegetable scraps, and coffee grounds are all
nitrogen-rich. These materials should only compose
about 1/4 of your pile by volume, or the compost
will begin emitting an ammonia-like smell.

Carbon-rich materials are those that are dead and inert. Paper, cardboard,
and sawdust are examples of carbon-rich materials. These items should compose
about 3/4 of your compost by volume.

5. Turn your compost pile occasionally. To

continually introduce fresh oxygen into your
compost pile, you'll need to mix the
materials every 1 or 2 weeks. Use a pitchfork
to dig into the pile and fold the compost
together. Make sure to dig the materials at
the very bottom of the pile up to the top.

6. Stop adding materials and start a new

pile. Eventually, you will need to stop adding fresh organic matter to your compost
pile. If you don't, you will eventually have a pile that contains finished compost,
freshly added materials, and everything in between. To avoid the difficulty of having
to sift out the finished compost, stop adding materials and simply turn your
compost regularly until it is finished. Start a new pile to add your fresh scraps to
during this process. Your compost will turn into rich, black humus in about a year.

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 What’s More

Direction: Compare and contrast Traditional Method and Rapid Method of making
compost. The Venn diagram helps you compare two things.
In the outer circles, write things about them that are different.
In the center circle, write things that are alike.
Summarize the differences and similarities on the lines below. Do this in a short
bondpaper and submit to the teacher.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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 Rubrics
Category 20 15 10 5
Similarities Proficient At the Standard Approaching Unsatisfactory
Standard
The identified The identified The student The identified
character traits character traits highlights 2 or character traits
are 4 or more are 3 or more less character provided are 1
and do not and do not traits and does or less.
repeat. They repeat. They not repeat. They
include well include well include well
described described described
examples. examples. examples.

Differences The identified The identified The student The identified

character traits character traits highlights 2 or character traits
are 4 or more are 3 or more less character provided are 1
and do not and do not traits and does or less.
repeat. They repeat. They not repeat. They
include well include well include well
described described described
examples. examples. examples.
Organization The Venn The Venn The Venn The Venn
Diagram is very Diagram is Diagram is very Diagram is very
neat and well legible and sloppy and it sloppy and
organized. organized. takes away from unreadable.
the content.

What I Have Learned

1. Compost organisms need balance diet for compost materials which compose
of browns and greens, right amount of air and water, and right temperature.
2. There are three (3) ways of making compost:
 Traditional method
 Rapid method
 Bio-enriched method
3. Composting is a straightforward process that can be accomplished by anyone
with a small patch of outdoor space.
4. The following are guides in making a compost bed:
 Decide on a location for your compost pile
 Build an enclosure for your compost pile if desired
 Build a base layer for the compost pile
 Add your organic scraps to the compost pile
 Turn your compost pile occasionally
 Stop adding materials and start a new pile

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 What I Can Do

Direction: Go outside your home. Using the information given above as your guide,
design your own compost bin according to the availability of your materials. If
possible take a photo of your output and while doing your activity. Please observe
safety in using sharp objects.
Take note: This output will be monitored by your teacher throughout until harvest.

Rubrics
Excellent Very Satisfactory Needs
Satisfactory Improvement
Quality of The learnersStudents Performed the Build the
Work assembled andfollowed the correct method compost bed
produced strong steps and and without using
and unique created 1x1 size make bed using in organic
composting bed of composting 2 kinds of materials that
using 3-4 organic bed using 2-3 organic are available in
materials that
kinds of organic materials. the community.
are locally
materials.
available.
Use of the Maximize the use Use only 4 Use 2-3 Did not use any
Personal of all PPE (like; types of Personal of the personal
Protective boots, gloves, Personal Protective Protective
Equipment masks, hat, and protective Equipment Equipment.
jacket) while lay- Equipment. during hands-
outing and on activity.
constructing the
bed.
Speed The learners Students lay- Learners Has consumed
finished lay- out and make completed the 3 hours in lay-
outing and composting bed actual lay- outing and
constructing the within 2 hours. outing and compost bed
composting bed building of making.
within 1 ½ hour. composting bed
within 2 hours
and 30
minutes.

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 Assessment

MULTIPLE CHOICES
Direction: Read each item carefully. Write the correct answers in a separate sheet
and submit it to your teacher. Let us determine how much you already know about
composting.

1. Which of the following is an example brown compost material?

a. Newspaper
b. Rotten vegetables
c. Sawdust
d. Hedge trimmings
2. Compost materials that are brown and dry is called ______.
a. greens
b. browns
c. wastes
d. Organic
3. What do compost organisms need?
a. Balanced diet of compost materials
b. Right amount of air and water
c. Right temperature
d. All of the above
4. One of the organic media that are dried and screened, moisten, composted 20
days and dried again.
a. Sand
b. Perlite or vermiculite
c. Alfalfa
d. All of the above
e. All of the above
5. A way of making compos that requires 3-4 months before farm wastes are fully
decomposed and ready for use.
a. Traditional method
b. Rapid method
c. Bio-enriched method
d. Modern method

Test II: True or False:

Direction: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and the word FALSE if it
is wrong. Write your answer in a separate sheet and submit to the teacher.

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_______ 1. Composting needs just a right amount of water and air.
_______ 2. Compost materials also need a balance diet.
_______ 3. In composting, the right temperature is needed
_______ 4. Brown and green manure is the primary materials of composting.
_______ 5. Vermin composting is the use of vermin or earthworm in composting.

Additional Activities

Direction: Arrange the following compost materials inside the box based on the
standards of building a compost pile. Use a separate sheet and submit to the
teacher.

kitchen waste grass clippings brown leaves

woodchips brown leaves green leaves

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 Answer Key

5. TRUE 5. TRUE Answers may vary

4. TRUE 4. TRUE
What’s More
3. TRUE 3. TRUE
2. TRUE 2. TRUE
1. TRUE 1. TRUE woodchips
II. II. Green leaves
5. c 5. A Brown leaves
4. c 4. C Grass clippings
3. b 3. D Kitchen waste
2. a 2. B Brown leaves
1. d 1. C
I I. Additional Activities
What I Know Assessment

References

Content:
Anacleto B. Coronel, MS., DVM. A primeron Animal Husbandry Technology and
Livelihood Education III .Agriculture and Fishery. Animal Production. SEDP
SERIES

Competency Based-Learning Material

Animal Production NC II Module 1-6 Deciding to Raise Poultry pages 1-14

http://lessismore.org/materials/72-benefits-of-composting/

https://www.epa.gov/recycle/composting-home

Images:

https://poultrymanual.com/poultry-philippines-chicken-breeds

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Hubbard+chicken&FORM=HDRSC2

http://www.filipinopoultry.com/index.php/2016/05/23/chicken-breeds-in-
philippines/

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Houses%20for%20Chicks%2FBrooders%
20in%20the%20philippines&qs=n&form=QBIR&sp=-
1&pq=houses%20for%20chicks%2Fbrooders%20in%20the%20philippines&sc
=0-45&sk=&cvid=51701CC9666441AEA2D030BE12BFF6A3.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net