ROYAL MIRA BRITISH COLLEGE

LESSON PLAN FOR WEEK 1 ENDIND 15TH SEPTEMBER, 202; PERIOD 7, CONTACT 1.

SUBJECT PHYSICS THEME

TOPIC(s) EQUILIBRIUM OF SUB-TOPIC(s) Moment of a force
FORCES Equilibrium of forces
Principle of moment
DATE 12-09-2022 TIME 12:20 PM-1: 00 PM DURATION 40 minutes
CLASS Year 11 NO. IN AVERAGE SEX: Mixed
CLASS AGE: 15
LEARNING OBJECTIVES  Describe the moment of a force as a measure of its turning effect and
By the end of the lesson, give everyday example
the students should be  Define the moment of a force as moment = force × perpendicular
able to: distance from the pivot; recall and use this equation
 Apply the principle of moments to situations with one force each side
of the pivot, including balancing of a beam
 State that, when there is no resultant force and no resultant moment,
an object is in equilibrium
 Apply the principle of moments to other situations, including those
with more than one force each side of the pivot
 Describe an experiment to demonstrate that there is no resultant
moment on an object in equilibrium

RATIONALE The students will be able to take moment of forces acting.

PRE-REQUISITE The students are familiar with what forces are having been taught physics at
KNOWLEDGE the JSS level (Key stage 3)
LEARNING Meter rule, knife edges, threads and dead weight, pictures
MATERIALS/RESOURCE
S
REFERENCE New School Physics for Senior Secondary School, Fourth Edition. W. M
Anyakoha, Ph D

21ST CENTURY METHODOLOGIES/TECHNIQUES/SKILLS

. Discussion . collaboration
. Critical thinking . problem solving

SUCCESS CRITERIA(DIFFERENTIATION)
SOME Solve problems on moment of a force, balance meter rule on a knife edge
MOST State conditions necessary for equilibrium
ALL Define moment and moment of a force

The Hook ‘’ STARTER ACTIVITY”

The teacher asked the students to define moment in order to get their mind ready for the lesson.
 LESSON DEVELOPMENT

STAGE/STEP TEACHER’S ACTIVITY PUPIL’S ACTIVITIES LEARNING POINTS

STEP 1 Teacher requires the students Students participate in Confirmation of
5 MINUTES to define moment and moment class discussion and knowledge
of a force define moment and
moment of a force
STEP 2 Teacher state the principle of The students pay close Gaining further
5 MINUTES moment and the condition for attention to the teacher knowledge
equilibrium to be attained by a
body.
STEP 3 The teacher solves problems The students are A deeper
using the principle of moment. engaged with class understanding of
work on the principle of knowledge
moment.
STEP 4 The teacher asked the students Students asked Further clarification of
to ask questions in any area questions where they knowledge
they are not cleared with based are not clear with
on the topic under discussion
STEP 5 The teacher demonstrates that The students are Practical knowledge of
there is no resultant moment actively engaged in the the principle of
on an object in equilibrium. demonstration in the moment acquired
laboratory

EVALUATION Teacher evaluates the students Students Consolidation

by asking the following enthusiastically supply
questions: answers to the
• What is moment? questions while the
• State conditions for teacher examines and
equilibrium. correct where
necessary.
CONCLUSION Teacher concludes by Students pay close Confirmation of
summarizing the salient points attention to what the knowledge
teacher is saying and
ask questions.
PLENARY:
DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGIES: ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES:
Tiered questions Self-assessment

VISUAL, AUDITORY AND KINESTHETIC

V chart display
A Teacher’s explanation
K Movement in class and marking of exercise

NEXT STEPS/ HOME WORK

Describe an experiment to demonstrate that there is no resultant moment on an object in
equilibrium with the aid of diagram.
 SUMMARY
The teacher summarizes by reiterating the salient points

TEACHER’S REFLECTION
The teacher asked himself what went well.

ROYAL MIRA BRITISH COLLEGE

Board Summary
WEEK 1
TOPIC: EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, each learner should be able
 Describe the moment of a force as a measure of its turning effect and give everyday example
 Define the moment of a force as moment = force × perpendicular distance from the pivot; recall and use
this equation
 Apply the principle of moments to situations with one force each side of the pivot, including balancing
of a beam
 State that, when there is no resultant force and no resultant moment, an object is in equilibrium
 Apply the principle of moments to other situations, including those with more than one force each side
of the pivot
 Describe an experiment to demonstrate that there is no resultant moment on an object in equilibrium
MOMENT OF A FORCE
The moment of a force, also known as torque, is a measure of its turning effect or ability to rotate an object
around an axis. It depends on two key factors:
The Magnitude of the Force: The larger the force applied, the greater the potential for turning effect.
The Distance from the Axis of Rotation: The farther the point of application of the force is from the axis of
rotation, the greater the moment or torque. Everyday Examples:
Opening a Door: When you push or pull a door, you apply a force at a certain distance from the door’s hinge
(the axis of rotation). The moment you create determines how easily the door opens or closes.
Using a Wrench: When you use a wrench to tighten or loosen a bolt, the longer the wrench (distance from the
bolt), the easier it is to turn the bolt due to the increased torque.
Swinging on a Swing: As you swing back and forth on a swing, you are creating torque with your body weight
and the distance from the swing’s pivot point.
Opening a Bottle Cap: When you twist a bottle cap, you apply force at the rim of the cap, and the moment
generated helps you open the bottle.
DEFINITION: The moment of a force is the product of the force and the perpendicular distance to the line of
action of the force. It can be clockwise or anticlockwise.
Example1: What is the moment of a 4N downwards force acting 0.4m from a pivot?

Formula: M = Fd
M = 4 x 0.4
M = 1.6 Nm
Example 2: Let’s say John is sitting on the right-hand side of the seesaw relative to us. The Force due to his
weight is 600N and he is sitting at a 2m distance from the pivot. As mentioned previously, moments can be
clockwise or anticlockwise and in John’s case, the moment produced would be clockwise. The moment in the
clockwise direction for John’s case would be:

Formula: F=W
M = WD
M= 600 x 2, M= 1200Nm
EQUILIBRIUM
Equilibrium refers to a state of balance or stability in a system where opposing forces or factors are in equal and
opposing proportions, resulting in no net change.
CONDITIONS FOR EQUILIBRIUM
A body is said to be in equilibrium if under the action of several forces, it does accelerate or rotate.
1. The sum of the upward forces must be equal to the sum of the downward forces.
2. The sum of the clockwise moment above a point must be equal to the sum of anticlockwise
moment about the same point

F1. F2

X1. G X2

X3 X4

F3 F4

F1 + F2 = F3 + F4
(F1+F2) - (F3+F4) = 0
Clockwise moment = F1 X1 + F4 X4
Anticlockwise moment = F2 X2+ F3 X3
(F1 X1+ F4 X4) - (F2 X2+ F4 X4) = 0
Sum of clockwise moment = sum of anticlockwise moment
Other examples:
A light beam AB sits on two pivots C and D. A load of 10N hangs at 0; 2m from the support at C. Find the
value of the reaction forces P and Q at C and D respectively.
P Q

4m 2m 6m

A C D B

10N
P + Q = 10N
Taking moment about D
P x8 = 10 x6
P = 60/8
P =7.5N
Q = 10 -7.5
A metre rule is found to balance horizontally at the 50cm mark. When a body of mass 60kg is suspended at the
6cm mark, the balance point is found to be at the 30cm mark, calculate:
-The weight of the metre rule
-The distances of the balance point to the 60kg mass if the mass is moved to the 13cm mark

6cm 24cm 50cm

600N W
w x 20 = 24 x 600
w = 14400/20
= 720N

13cm x cm 37cm 50cm

600N 720N
600x(X)=720(37-X)
600x = 6640 – 720x
600x+ 720x = 6640
x = 6640/1320
x = 20. 18cm
PRACTICAL
an experiment to demonstrate that there is no resultant moment on an object in equilibrium
CLASS FUN
1. What is moment?
2. State conditions for equilibrium
HOME FUN