Oipoxuaug NII, 1967 2. YAK 631.811: 631.589.2 O MMTAHMM TOMATOB, BbIPALUMBAEMBIX B A3PCONOHMKE MPM MCKYCCTBEHHOM OCBELJEHMN 3. W. KYPBHUKMM, J. B. LUTPAYCEEPT, 1. A. MYPPEH Bripanmuanne pacreauii, oco6erno OBoulnix KyabTyp, Ha HeKyCcTBeH- HbIX cpemax HAXONRT Bee Gonee LHPOKOe NPHMEHEHHE B NpOHSBOACTHEHHEX YCJOBHSX. B kavectne HCKYccTRCHALIX Cpe nad BEpauBannA pacTeHHii npHMe- ilOTCA Yale Beero TREP/Me CyYOCTPATH, BecbMa PasHOOGpasksie No cocra- BY, QUBHMECKHM CBOHCTRAM H MPOHCXODXNEHHIO —KepaMaHT, Mesa, BepMH- KYIHT, pasanutere pH rpasia nu Tythos H MHOrHe npyrHe. PHaponoHnKa Ha TeepMbIx cyGcrpaTax HMeeT psx CYWICCTBEHUEIX NPeHMYLlecTs Nepel BLI- paUlBAHHeM pacreuHit B NONE: CTCYTerBHe COPHAKOR H CHHAKeHH 3aGose- BaeMOCTH, BOSMorXxHOCT Gonee penKO# CMeHEI cy6cTpata, Gonee nowHOTo 1 PalMOHAJLHOrO HICHOABSORAHMs © BKOCHMBIX yOOpexHit, BOSMOKHOCTL YaCTHYKOH SaMenbl PysHOro ‘Tpyta MexaHusHpobannnim. Tem He MeHee B THIpONOHHKe Ha TBepAMX cyScrparax YacTo wabOMaeTeA SaparKeNNe cy6- cTpata, OYeHb TpyloeMKH 3aB03 cyOcrpata H OGpaGoTKka ero MexKAy poTa THK S9M HenOcTaTKH NOUTH NOMHOCTDIO yeTpatsMOTeH NPM BIxpauMBanKH pa- crenuii B BORKOH KyALType. OnHaKo cyulecTBeHHOe MpenstrereHe NIST LK pO- Koro HCHONBIOKAHHA LOTHOM PH/POTONHKH B NpakrwUecKHy WeNsIXx gaKsO- uaeTes! B HEOGXOMMMOCTH YCHJeNHOi aaspauMM NMTaTeBHOrO pacrBopa, K KOTOpoH UpespEtuaiino uyRcreHTenEKE! pacteuHs. Dro sanpysueHHe cHH- MaeTcA UpH BkIpallliwaHHn pacreHHit 8 ycaoRMsx bOsZyMMO; rumpononE- EM — «a9ponOKHKHD. Bneppsie ssipaupwanve pacrennii c KopusIMH DB Bosmyxe px nepromH- MecKOM ONPSICKHBALHA HX UHTaTeAbIBIM PacrBOpoM GCLLIO NpEmlor%KeKo Apunxorckum fl] eme p KoHye mpomnoro cronerun. HM xora meTon 6ni7 snepebie ony6uHKonan 6 1911 r., TuMHpssen ynomuual o KeM y>Ke B cBoelt ny6aM4HO# JeKIMH, npoUNTaKKO B Mapre 1897 r. [2]. Cpaprmpas stor cnocoé BupaumBanna pacreuni c obprmmn npomyna- fiWen Miratesbnoro pacrsopa Boguol Kyautypy, K. A. Tamupases omeun- baer ero Kak He HMCOULHH CMBICHa HM ycrOKHAOULMK neno. na KOLA npomnoro croaetHs ato Gra enpanessnpan oneHKa. Ho meron Apunxoe- ckoro flomasicah CBOerO BeKa —~ BeKa abTOMaTHKH. Tenepb npH NoHo! a- TOMATH3AUKK NOAYH PACTBOPOB LVI OMNPLICKHBANHS! ASPONOKHKA craKo- BHTCH caMbiM Uporpeccuenim cnoco6om Bripaummarns pacrennii ua uckyCcTBeHHHx cpenax. Aspononnka copmerlaer B ceGe WOcTOHHCTBa rpa- EMAKOH H BONHOH THIPONOHHK H HMeer ps NpeHMyinecTB nepen HME. Kopun pacrenuit waxonarcn B nmeancupx yonoousx aspamm. He nyrker Gono OGbeM BOLI H TeM Go.lee rpomosnKHe TRepALIe cy6crpatH. B ces- SH ¢ STHM MOcTaTOuNO JerKHX KIOBer WWI _KOPHeH H pacrBoOp HenoaBsyeTCs ¢ MaKCHMaNbKOH UposyKrHBKOCTHIO. HeKmogaeten BOSMOMKKOCTL nepenaiH Gonesneii uepes cy6erpar. Ho B CBsI3H ¢ TeM, YTO BOSMOIKHOCTh aBTOMATH- 2alWH NPOWECCOB NOLAYH PacTBopos, a CHeOBATENLHO, H NIpHMeHEHHA a3p0- 106MOUNKH TOsBHAACE CpannKrenLNo KenaBHo, sTOT MNOroobeuIAtoULHit, HO Mano pa3paGoTanhMli MeTOR MOUTH He BBILNeA ele 13 CreH HayulO-HecNe- oBaTeABCKHX YUPEOKACHHM, XOTI Nam W3y4euHeM H cOBeplieHcTBOBAKHeM ero paGoraior Kak 5 Coserckom Coiose, Tax # 3a pyGexom [3—14]. Bosnwkaer Goubuioi xpyr BONPOCOB, Of MpaDrAbHOTO pellieHHs KOTOPEIX SaBHenT ofMeKTHEHOCTh NpHMeHEHHs| a9pOnOHHKH H peanHsauHs ee IIpe- MMYUecTB TO CpabHeHHIO c ApyrHMH MeTOJaMH BbIpaulMBanHA pacrennii Ha HcKYCCTBEHHEIX epeslax. 1. HeoGxonumo mbinckiT, OnTHMaNLHBe a1 eitpaumeanns pacresnit H SKOHOMHYHBIe B paGoTe aBTOMATHNECKHX yerpolicrs MNTepBalH MexKIy ONPHCKHBAKHSMH H TIPOMOMKATEMDHOCT CAMHX ONPHICKHBAKHA (NepBoe 6O- fee CyULCCTBCHHO, Tak Kak CHJILHce OTParKaercn Ra COCTOAKHH pacrennit i Ha nSWalIMBaHHH anyOMaTHNecKHX ycrporcrs) . 2. Ypesppriaiino parvo state ONTHMANLHY!O CTerteHL pacnbLIeHHA NHTA- TeMbHOTO pacTsOpa, KOTOPAas UFpacT CTPOMHYIO PONb B PaSBUTHH KOPHEBLIX cHCTeEM, a CHEOBATEALNO, HB YCHOBHAX PeAH3AHH MUTAHHs pacTeHHi. Orn jpa BoNpoca LOKH! pemiaTD OMONOrH COBMeCTHO ¢ HFOKeHepaMH. 3. Tloppieniaa a3patiMs| KOpHeblx CHCTeM B YCNOBHAX a9PONOHHKH, Geayenosno, saever 3a COOH dusHOnOrHNecKHe HSMeHENHS B KOPHEBLIX SHCTEMAX, a CHEMOBATCABHO, HB NeAOM PacTeHHH. ITH HSMEKEHHs AOIDKHEL GUITE HAyNeHE! HUTCH NH BHIPALMBALHH BACOKOYPOrKaiiusx pacrenult B agpononnKe. 4. Kak Bblpaxenie cnoco6pa3vin B3aHMOOTHOMeHHH KOpHeBbIx cHCTeN ¢ TMTaTeMbHIM PaCrBOpOM BOSHEKaeT BONPOC OG OCOGEHKOCTHX NNTARHSI PACTeHA B YCHOBHAX A9pONOHHKH — KOKUCHTPANMH miTaTeNLHOrO PacTso- fa, COOTHOMICHHSX UHTATeENLHBIX 3NeMeNTOB B NKTAaTeAbHOM PacTBOpe H B pacrennax B pasinunse nepHoms pasBHTHA pacrenuit Vsyvene ocoSennoctei mranis pactennii B ycnoBHax asponoKHKn abHACcb 2amaueit HecHeOBANHit, NepeEe pesyabrarbl KOTOPHxX HAMATaWorcsl b wactommeH pa6ore, nponenennoh na CraHiKH HcKyccTbeKKOrO KanMaTa VMncratyra cpu3vonorun pacrexuit um. K. A. Tumupssesa. Verawopka juin a9pOnouukn » KOWIMUMONMPYeMEIX Kamepax, CKOHCTPYH- pOBAKHan ONKNM H3 ABTOPOB H HCHONMBIOBAKHAN B RacTOMUIeH PaGore, Co- CTOHT H3 KIOBETLI isl BbIPALMLABHS pacreHHa, Gaka € NHTATeAbHbIM pacrBopoM H Kacoca JVIn NOLAYH THTaTeMLHOrO pactBopa B xioBery. 3a30p MOXY KIOBCTO! HM CreHKAMH Kamep cocTaBuiieT 20 Mx HO MepHMeTpy. Kionera min supamieanna pacremuit emKoctbio 150 2 Byinonkena #3 euKunaacta Tommnuol 10 aa KH MMeer KanGombtuyro rayGHny 250 am, a nanMenpurylo —200 4x. TaKoi yKsion mua KiOBeTbI OGecneyHBaeT CAMB THe raTensHoro pacrbopa ® Gax. Kplia kioser nuoutansio 0,8 4° uncer ue- Thpe psa NOcaLOVHBIX HeSL-— NO TsTb THEST B KarKAOM psily- B npome- SKYTKAX MENKY PALAMH NOM KPBILKOH YCraHOReHH CopcyHKH JT pas- SpusrHwanNs nMTaTeNLHOTO pactEopa. Pacnomoxeune MOCAMOMHBX rHesT OTHOCHTeAIBKO (POPCyHOK oGecreuHBacr ONHOpOMMOCT yeaOBHiT OMpEIcKHEa- Hus KOpHenoit cHcTeMB KarknOro pacTeuHs. PopcyHKa npeneransster CcO6oKi como € BEYTPeHEUM AMAMeTpom 2 AM, HB KOTOPOrO Tog naBNeKKem 1,2 a7x noflaetea pacrgop. Consio dopcynk pacnomoKeno Ha paccroanHK 30 au OT kpsimn, Honanai wa cnetnanenyio tapesky ¢ HaceyKol, Crpyst_pas6uszercs: Ha MeJIKHe KaNCnbKH, KOTOpble OcemaloT Ha KopHax pacrenuit, Mxrarenbutit pPacTBop He SazepXvBaeres! Ma KOpHAX H CTeKaeT B Oak Ayn Xpakenusa. Ta- PCAKH SABMHNCHL B KPBILIKY K MpH HEOGXORAMOCTH MOFYT OteT CHAT AAA MpouneTKH (hopcyliok. Takoe KpensteHKe TapesOK WeecooGpaskO B CBASH C TOM, YTO HCKIOAeT HCOOXOMHMOCTh NOLEEMA KPHILIKH C PACTeHHAMH, KOPHH KOTOpHX mepenmeraiorcn C TpyGam, ToLAOMAMN HHTATeNLHEL pacTEop. PHK2 1H BCH KIOReTa ToKpbira Geno NonMXNOpBHNHsOBOH Kpackolt H HMeIor KOs PuuNeHT OTparxenusn 0,95, ¥ro HosBOsIeT cyLIecTReHHO orpa- HAYETb M1pHTOK rervla OT JaMN BKYTPb KioBersl H YayutraeT oceULeHHOCT’ pacrennii. 107Pacrenun yxpenamorcn MexKAY KYCOUKAMH WeNabI B cheHamDNHK cra: KaHYHKaX H3 BAHANAacTa. Bax ma Xpanenxs araterstioro pacrsopa uMeer euKoctD 75 a. Tiwra- Teibubit pacrBop nomaerca #2 GaKa B KIOBeTy Yepes IiTyHep, pacnonozKeH- iil Wa neBoH creuxe Gaxa. Hinynep uomemen ha puicore 60 ma on ana Gaka, ¥rO nosRonser sabupaty, mirateADKEti PactBop Ges Kopeumos pacre- Muli H MpyrHx wHoponuUx Ten, ocemarouEX Ka jo. Ha srol 2Ke cTeHKe Ha Paccrosmin 50 xa or Kpemnn GaKka pacuonoseH uITyuep fais canna pactbopa 43 KOBeTH. Mexnry TryuepaMa pacnonarairca tpy6Ku 3 Keomuecrouelt Cras, Uo KoTOpsiM LuMpKYaNpyeT OXAaxnalOlLH paccon Konnuectto paccona, nocryuaomero # Tpy6Kr, perysiupyercn xpaom 1 TonGupacten Takum O6pasoM, wroObi Temilepatypa Grista ua 2 tore aa, AaHuOl, a HarpeBatesn, YerakomleRHbe B bake, C NOMOLIBIO 3NeKTPOKOH- PeKrHponKe cocraba pacropa HM ero pH. Onsi7re1 npovonmauce pa YcTaHOrKax ¢ KONAHHOKIpOBaHHbIM BO3ay- XOM H 6€3 KOKAHIHONAPOBAKHN, ONHAKO B MOLOABKO cradurLetn yenosusix COBCUICHHS H TeMTIepaTyppl (YCTANOBKH PacnonomeuL: n TOAvaNbHOM NONE HILeHEH). Alani Hccnenovarenyckux yen pripalunanue Pacreunit » craGusreuLx YCAOBHAX OCBELIEKHOCTH 4 TeMnepatypbl, HecomHeHHO, tenecoo6pa3Ho, Tak FAK MACT BOSMOMKHOCTH CpaBkHBaTb ONHITbI, NpoReMENtble 1 Pasioe Bpews. Flame wa nepweix stanax paGotel yeratonon na Hix Guat noaysenbt cpan- Taonga 4 Ypowali waoxos tomaton & passuuax omirax, 12/402 Beo nnonos | Cresent ypoaait Yenoot wm orurror Onur |e Tat" name | 13 onutos kena T | Yeranorca ¢ xonmmuouponannin soxtyxox, | 4 16.1 | 16,744, # mHem 22°. noxpio 14°, 25 pacm/n® 2 5,7 P=8 4%, 3 MI | Yeravonca Ges xongranonposamn, ¢ amen 25°, | 4 woubto 18°, 18 pacm/a® 5 6 Yeravionan Ges kountizwonporanun, £ qHen 25°, | 7 3.6 Howie 48°, 34 pacm/n? 8 6 CoorrercrseHio Obi MonyueH OEMS GNHZKHE ypoxan nono. O6uutti BIL YCTaHOBKH ¢ TNOLOHOCHIMHMA pacTeHYMH MOXKKO BHETR Ha pue. [. Kop pacreruit no ncex onsitax onpuickupamncn no 10-20 bee ¢ yt TepbasiaMx Mex OMPLicKHBaHKaNMH 20 MHK. MemKHMN Gpuisrania mitrarcate oro pactwopa. Pactsop 3 Kioserts ctekal OGpaTHO m Gak p-reHenne 2 3 mun. Octakannuiwasich ua atHx yenoBHsIX mposenentst onbiTos, ME pyKo- poncrsoaaduch KawEEiM Mypauia {4, 5] # pesyautatamn caonx npenvapr TCAbUBIX ONBITOB. 108Ho tax Kak paspaGorkn HF. Mypania Take Henna CuHTATS OKOWIA- TeanubiMH, TO YeIOBNA Tponexenua HacToMuNx onBtTon (npoMomKETEN>- ROCT ONPbICKHBAKHA, MHTepBaTE MEKTY HMM H BETHYHA YACrHK MPH cnipiexnpannt) ne Clenyer CuNTaT CHTHMAMbHEIMH, OKH MpHURTEI 32 seumenHem Gosee TOUHBIX AaHHBbIX, Puro, 1. OGuwit Bux yeranooun ¢ nAoAOKOCHLUAMN pacTeHMNA PaGota Mpowoirach C 1OKHM COPTOM TOMATOB Aid OTKpbIToro rpyH- ta AsepOaimkauckuit, cemena Koroporo GniK noayyeHbt OT HayYHoro corpyauuKa Acur3aie 43 CeabckoxossiicrBcHNoro icTHTyTa 1. KAposo- 6aga ‘Dro HNSKOpOcALIll COpr, pacreHUA KoTOPOrO B NCKYCCTBEHHNIX yCNOBHAX Hamero uroTpoua non SepKaNBNLIMY JaMnaMH uaKaneanusl tia SH-8 noctHran 40—55 ca puicorn, we Goulee, npH OcTaBAeKMH Tpex Kucreii ¥ OJUOCTBOADHOH KYAbTYPh WH YeTbIPeX ‘KHCTeH y RBYCTBOALHOM KyABTypL. Kucrn, caesyiouuie 3a neppoli, nosmisivch yepes OuMH nucT H Gaaromapa STOMY NOMHOCTEIO @opmEpovaaer, 3a ony HENem. Oxomvatenbian YOop- Ka ypoKas! npouseoanaace ua 70—75-H Men Mocae nOMBNEHHs BCXOMOB 1 fa 63—65-i ple MOCHe BHICAAKH MpOpOcTKOR B YCTaHORKH asPOlOHHKH, T, & HepHo BererayHn No CpaBHeHM0 c ecTECTBENHEIM OcBeNKeHHEM B Ten- ane u Tem 6onee B OTKPLITOM TPyHTe Wake Als CKOpOctieNbiX COPTOB Coxpatuer no MeHLUeH Mepe B Ba pasa. IIpH yOopKe Grito oKone 50% APeNbIX MIOLOB, a OCTABEBIE NMOL! NOAKOCTHIO NOsapHBAJINCH. Zina pbipanlusarms pacrenull Gb vicnOMLIOBAMK cOnM TETATeENDHOM conecn Xorneuna — Apxona {15], Ke conepxkauie Ganacrutix noHOB HW jaio- june GOJLMIHe BOSMOKHOCTH BaPbHPOBAKHA KOMWeHTpanni, CoorkowennA 2Ke 1 KOMMMECTBA TITATeALALIX 91€MCHTOR B THTAaTeNbHOW CMCCH YCTaHaBulH- namich no )Kyp6unxomy [16]—B coorsercrsnn ¢ noTpeGuocrsmin jannof KyALTYps! B KONKpervbX YCNOBHAX BbIpalwiBanHs. PH nHTaTeMbKOrO pacTBopa noanepxsBanack Ha yposne 4,8—-5,0. B wacrosmx onbitax norpeGxoctt pactermli B cMene CoorHOMeHHit 1H TaTeNbKUX INEMEHTOL B NMTATEBHOM PacTROPe HO HaLIHM AaHNbIM pase- gwiach Ha ‘TpH MepKosa. Tepssif nepHox— paccanusii, wropoli— or 6y- Tonmaanwin MO KOHTA HBCTEHHS UnocAgAHMi, TpeTHH, MepHoy HaWHHAKOUMiICA 109© KOHIOM UBeTeHH H saKaHanBaroULMitcH cospeBaKHem nnonoB. B co- CTpercrauk Cc TeMH >Ke TepHOmaMA HSMCHINC H KOUMeHTpAMHH mHTa- TenpHbIx comet. Ha mpormxexnm nepporo mepiiona KoKNeHnpauun N, P w K p omnmx onnrax Bapenponann or 10 10 20 maKo/a, » apyrux —or 15 go 45 xaxe/2. Ha npormKermm eroporo nepuosa Koutenrpanun N, Pw K B OJHHX ONbITAX UOBbIMaH 10 Mepe pocTa H pasBHTHa pacTenuit or 30 10 40, 8 Apyrux—or 30 no 60 1 B Tpetox —or 40 20 90 soxe/n. Kounerr- palHH BeulecT B TocnemyUt NepHoN pery/MpOBANH B 3AaBHCHMOCTH OT 1O- Be7eHHs pacreHHi, OGycJOBJCHHOrO HX MHTAHKeM B MperuecrByrouMi Te pHoN, T. ¢. CHIDKeHHeN MornOWeHHg y pactenni, nonyyasumx B npeuuect- ByIOULHii Tepriog BEICOKHM ypoBeHD NKTAKUN, H OTCYTCrBHEM sTOrO CHHIKe- HYsl y pacreuuit, noaywanmix B npemuecTEyIouMi epuom cpaBnarersHo imaKiHf ypopenL mntanHA. TaKkan saBHcHMocTh NOrMOUleHHA pacreHHaMH HHTATeABHDIX SIEMEHTOB B NEPHON HaHBA NAOLOB M HX CO3peRARMs OT YpOBMs| MHTaHNs B npeTEcTsyioLUMi NepHon XOpomO eHANA B Tabs. 2. Ta6auna 2 Horaomenve NPK pactemanat nepiion Hasmwa cospenatiis nionon (nocsen HHe jIKe HEREIN BereTaIiN) % SARNCMMOCTH OT KONKeHTpaILHH STIX BeLkecTE B NNTATERNOM PACTHOPE k upeAUIeCTAYIOUWI NepHOR, 9162 Cyrene sma [em rae — Mmconsupsns soma mevaese- a ogo woro pacTeopa B MepHOY oF OyTORMSATEA w eee se eg 146,27 148,22 76,98 40 43,45 60 153,89 | 88,86 224,88 | 94;48 B caywae sosesienua MaKcumaayutix KOonllenTpaluit murarenbuoro pactso- pa 10 60 maxe/a B mepvon GyTORNsatMM % UBerenHs, NOroulenKe B Mocie- AYlOUwWiT TepHON Nanaer NOH BAOE 10 CpaBHEHHIO C DAapHAHTOM, Te MaK- CHMAALHBI€ KOHMeHTpalHH OCTHraH TOMbKO 40 MaKé/2 B TepHor GyTOuNZaMM HW HBETeHHA (ypOKaii OCONX BapHaHToR onuTra Grin papeH 13,5 Ke/a2). Uicxoysi 13 9t0T0, s1pH NOCTATOUHO BLICOKOM YPOBHE KOHNeHTpa- Qui UNTaTeIbHOTO pacTsOpa B NepHos GYTORH3aNHH H BeTeEHHA KOHL eNTpa- WH NKTATeMbHOTO pacTRopa B NOcneruni nepron pasBuTHn pactenuit B AaNbKelIem cHHAKaICh 10 ypoBHs 20—25 maxe/A. Tlonomxenve 0 TOM, ¥TO C MOBbEMeHHeM o3sbI yRoOpenHi yrernunBactest norpeGaerMe nutatenbutix sueMeHTOD a YpOrxkait MoNOB, MHOroKpaTkO Mpo- BEPeCHO H BNONHE ONpaBnbIBaeTcA B YCAOBHAX NONeKOFO OMHITa, B NpeNenax PAHHOHAbHbIX 103 YAOOpenHi; MPH NPABHILHOM COOTHOUWeHHH muraTenb- ibix pemects. B BoqHOH KYAbTYpe CpaBHHTeMNO HHSKKe KOHeHTpAaLHH HETATCADHLX BICMCHTOS ABIRIOTCH ONTHMANEHBIMK JuIH pocta pacTeHHit # OTIOULCHHA NHTATEMBHBX SJIEMEHTOB, NOITOMY JerKO MOTYT OHITL cOsmaHEt SABLIEHHBIe KOHUCHTPaUMH MHTAaTeALHOrO PacTBOpa, Y2Ke He OKA3bIBAI0- Lue NONOIKHTENBHOTO wIUsIUMA Ha pocr pacrenue # ypoxcait. Kak nanecto 3 autepatyps [14], pactexns » aspononuKe nepeaocas SHAHTeNBHO CONee BHICOKHE, YEM B BORHOM KyABTYpe KOHUEHTPAWHH coneli RUTATeMLHOTO pacTBopa, He UpOsBAsIs PHELAN NpH3naKoB ctpananus. TTo- HObHa KapTHWa KaGMOaNach ab Wallux onectaX: cHuHOe NOpsteHHe KOHIeHTpallii Ke BeKTO 3a COO; MpHsKaKon yruerenun pacrennit. Onwa- KO HOPNOMEHHE MMTATENHHX BeUlecTE B STHX YCIOBHAX CHIDKAETCH, H, CHEROBATEALHO, NOBLINCHHE KOKMCHTPAaLHH NHTATeMbHBIX Covel HSHIIHe. Tlozromy ocoGeHHo baxkxo ycTanoBHTb Bepxiue peseibi KONUeHTpPAlUil NH- TaTeAbHHIX BeMIeCTS B asponouHKe. Bonpoc ocsOAKHAeTER TEM, HTO Mix HMeEN Fen He C TEKYWUMM KYILTYPAMH, 3 KOTOPLIX KOKTERTpAlMA ILtTaTeENbHOrO: PacTBopa Ha TOM WIM HHOM ypOBle NOnmepxHBaeTcH NOCTOKHOH, a c UHTA~ KEM PacTenHii ua CMPeLeNeHHOrO HcxOMNOrO OGbEMA UIRTATeEILHOrO pac- 410‘TpOpa, KoTOpHh ToNLKO MOMOAUAETCH EXxXERHEBHO BORO! HO Mepe Kenapents ee pacrenMsiMH, H N1pH STOM KonUeuTpalluA THTaTeNLKOO pacrBopa ¢ Kar%~ JIM AHEM cHHKaeTeH AO TeX Nop, WOka He Gymer NpOHsBeneHa CMeHA WIM KoppekTHporka nHTatenbHore pacreopa. Tlostomy B ycrakopsenuH onTH- MaJIbUBIX BEPXHUX MpeselOw KOKMeHTPan NHTaTeALHBIX bellfecTR OCOGO Barxkroe sHaveHHe HMeeT HeXoRHDI OObeM MNTATeNbHOrO PacTBopa, OT Be- AHHH KOTOPOTO SaBucKT cKOpOCTR COeRHeHMT MHTaTeMbUCrO pactBopa Oy | 7 r= 7 o~----2. fa--—n7 Git 90 B6 wm W295 M7 W 7 i &@ OH WE me Aare (19662) Puc. 2. Tpmannxa oisenennit Komertpannili snementoe nuraremstoro pactsopa 32 nepwox Bereratit TOMATOR B AIPONOHHKE, OGycuOBAeHHAA CMeHO! at LOGABNeHNeM Rwratenbitoro pacrBopa, & TaWKe OrVOWERHEM U3 KETO SueMeHTOR MuTANHR pacre- uannur (8 oGzeMe 100 2) TIpH Toll HIM HNO acrore KOPpeKTHpoBKH ero KoNMENTpanHH, Pue, 2 orpa- AKaeT JMHAMHKY KOMUEHTPanH nMMTaTelbHOrO pacTBopa, OGycOBAeHHYIO cGexHeHHeM NUTaTeNbHOrO pacrsopa pacreHHsMH, NepHoAHYecKHM monosl- neHvem vw cMeHod ero, His puc. 2 BHAHO, CKOJb BEMKM STH CKauKH KOHLEH- ‘patti 2a2Ke npw OGLeMe NMrareawHOro pacrsopa paztom 100 2. TaGanua 3 Torsowerne NPK pacrernsmn m aankcnMocrn oT oGvewa H KoKnexep2iua nuravembuore pacTaopa Maxcmansian xox | Toraomexo pactennsser Ocoee murrarem | Obvers nurarenh- | expats rmreates- | NPK sa nepuon Oyrouuse- sero pacrocps ® | Hore pecroopa ma more Pacrvopa | sur — concave nano, 100 3,20 60 103 ,56 6 3334 60 137,93 60 3,34 40, 165,79 30 1,20 60 86,63 B ra6a, 3 npueogsren anne no vornoMeNMio mHTaTetIbIX aeMeHTOB pH Tpex pasMiNHLIX OGeeMAX UCKONHOrA PacTBOpAa 4 MBYX YPOBKX Mak- CHMaJIBHBIX KOKUelTpalnit. Ha ocuopanun ganneix rab, 3 morkio cueaaTh BEBO, YTO NpK paore C HEGOBINUM OODEMOM HeXORKOrO pacrBopa nopsinKa 30 a MaKcHManLuas 140KOHLeHTpals: MiTatemBKOrO pacrBopa B nepHo; MaKcuMamLHOrO tor0- wens, Pantan 60 ssrce/a He ABAAeTCH CAUITKOM BcOKOH, BOSMOKHO, AaKxe MOKET GbiTh yeesnyeHa (koppextuposKa KOHMCHTpanwH pacrBopos gporomunace 1 pas » 3 mes). Tpu yonoumn wcxonux olcence 60, a Tem Goneee 100 a muTaTeALHOrO PacrBopa Noxbem KonneHtTpaynn OvTaTelbHoro 10 Macca, cyrus peemént tea w 1 - g o i Sue —, te : “4 Nah iit compte Sa a“ a = 0 a A. OM 8 Ul 5a ae 2 wie 7 B Lamer Pac, 8. Taauwxa wapactamun cysoit wacent w atanonnenne N, Pw K ‘ToMaraMH 3a nepuion nereranin PacTpoPa 0 60 xoKo/a aeasercn HaAHUIMM M, HepoxTHO, noctarouHe Kot: 2 pen), 10-89 m9K9/2 (KoppeKrHpoLKa KoKNeHTpatHH pacrBope I pas 2 5 aueit). Panna o6pasom, noxasan enomsocts yerawopnensa mpesjenatax Kou- OGmy1o xapaxrepueruxy pocra u neranns pacrenni, cknamuBatomytocn » FR tOBHAIX MPOBCHCHEEIX ONBITOBR MIpH yKopouenuoM BereTayHoHHOM me- pkoue, naer pyc. 3. Or Havana GyTomMsannH 50 sapasnBAKUA n0s0R wer sHepriunoe Ha- Parraute CyxoH Macchi pactemnit H cooTBeTcTseHHO HaKarinosioen N, P u K. Yuacrox Kpneoit suimamexn pocta OF Havana UpeTeKHs! 0 Macconoro MAOROKOMIeHH TpenctaBaseT cOOOH OUT nnaTo. Onnospementio moxHo LuneTL HeKOTOPOE CHIDKEHE YrMoE HaKOKa Tia KPHBLIS, H306paaroMLx sree naeune N, Du K, Hecmorpa ua To, 470 Kowmewrpatinn Bochum Brot nepwon N, Pa K octawanuer weicoxum, Hayano maceosore nalonono- WeHHs CoorBercrByeT Hayany KPYTOTO UONbeMa KPHBOM HakorVeHNE cyxon macets, Kpxpoie axe riaxonsenmn N, P « K ¢ store Moments ‘cranossest eute Gouee nonornmi, 470 roBopHT oO peyruansainin » sro nepuon N, P a K, WaKOMICHHBIX B Mpenbinynae neprom, Hanns HM CO3peBauHe Noon B STHX ONbiTaX HET B OCHOBOM 3a CHeT nepepacnpenencniin muTATeAHEIX BOHECTE BHYTPH PacTeHHsL, O HEM MOXHO Gonee KOHKPETHO CYZHTb NO naK- HblM Tad. 4. Ecsm 3a nocnenime mpe Henenn oneire pacreriis nornorany keero oKOne 19% mMrarenbuLx BELUCCTS OT NOTAOMEHHEIX HMH 3a Bech me- 12TaGanua 4 Haxonaeme cyxoi acces pacrenuit uN, Pa K wnepuon nampa W cospenamis maon08 Ba nocremMNE ARE HEED (aH ‘cospenanie 110,08) Haxonneno 9% oF mormomen- 2 Horo! aa nace nepuon Beveranun Cyxan acca pactennit| 4780 1098 62 N 23,3 13,7 48,7 POs 61,8 1355 29 K,0 165,58 3054 18,3 Cyna NPK 300;9 57,6 49,1 PHON BereTalieH, TO 3a TOT Ke TepHon ¥MH Opi0 co3maHKO 62% Bee pacru- TeNbHO! Macs, O6pasonavmteiica 3a Bech TepHon BereTaunn. Hurencnerocrs nornomenia N, P 1 K, ppipakerian 6 a9Ke Ma pacte- AHe 3a CYTKH, HSMeHSETCA NO Mepe pocta H pasBHTHs pacrennit (pyc. 4). Huskasi mi) paccamworo NepHosla HHTeHCHBHOCTS NOFVIOULeHHs pesKo yeeIM4KBaeTCH B NepHoOn SYTOHHSalluM H HECTEHHA, B COOTBETCTBHH ¢ HH- TOHCHBHEIM pOCTOM BereraTHUOH MacceI, K COXPaHsercA Ha BLICOKOM YpoB- ue B HepHOm MaccoBCro 3aBASLIBAHHA NAONOB, HeCMOTpPA Ha SaTOPMOXKeH- bbe pocronble Npoueccsr B dToT HepHox. B nepvoy vanwBa MH CO3peBanHA TWIOLOB MPH BECOKOI HHTCHCHBHOCTH HaKOIWeHHA CyXOH Maccbl HHTeHCHE- MOCTH NOACULCHH SJeMEHTOR MHHEpasbHOrO MHTAHYs BHOBb masaer. TaKor OG XapaKtep KpHBLIX H8MCHCHHA HNTeNCHEHOCTelt TormoULe- nua 2a Koporkuii nereranvonker TepHo %KHSHA PacreHHi » OUNCAHEbIX oubtrax. Opiako TOuKH KpHBEIX puc. 4 pactionaraiorcA He Bcerma MaBKO, ykasbinasl Ha HEKOTOpy!O nepHomMYHOCTE cyroUNIX noriomleHHi, UpHeN OTpeskH KPHBbIX, YKASLIBAIOUINe Ma YCKOPEHHe MA 3aMe/WIeHHE CYTOMHbIX WOrOMeHMH, YaINe Bcero COBNAaLaIOT B CROCH HaNpaBNeHNOCTH AIA RCCX ah 4 Biyromusceus~yberenue ani fodee pacnrenus DW 5T 7 * 6 2B W Aamo Puc. 4. Hurencnsstocrs noraomenia N, Pm Ks cpeatien sa cyran 8 sone Ma Onno pacresMe vpex o7eMeHTOR. OTH HSMeHeNHA B CyTOUHbIX TornouleHHAX MO HeKOTOpO crenenH MoryT ObITh OGBACHHMb ONEDEZHDIMH CMeHAaMH HAM KOPpeKTHPOB- Kami MHTATeMbHOTO pactROpa, MpK KOTOPX pe3KO MeHAeTCH cocTaB pacrsopa. Thain W3MeHeHYS COOTHOUICHHH 9IeMeHTOR B MHTATeILHOM pacrBope B COOTEETCTBHH ¢ HaMCYCHHEIMH Jin STO Yeni TpeMsl NepHomaMH pasBHTHA pacrenHit 3a Wepvon Bererannn HeoOxomHMa ABYXKpATHaN cMeHa NuTaTeNb- 8 Arporwunn, 38 11 143Horo pacteopa. B 2crabHoe Bpems OcraTo¥AO OrpakHYUTbCH TOABKO KOp- PeKTHPOBKO! KOMMeHTPAlUH MTATeABHOTO pacTsopa, KOTOpas B sayNae Hpa- BHbHO OTpaGoTAaNHOrO PEXMMA MMTAHUA JWis KORKPETHBIX CTAGH.IBHbIX yeno- Bul MOKETBLIPAKATHCA TOKO B OCABMEHNH KONMEHTpUpOBAHKoll eMecH HyTATeAbHDIX 3ACMCHTOB BAN NOBeAeHHA nHTaTeAbHOFO pacTBopa JO TpeGye- MOTO YpoBHs KonNeHTpannu. Ha pyc. 5 BuAHO, UTO pacTeHHs! NOrsoLladu TH- (Benuver: fm cane. NPK & Tepes A 2D AUT We eee ae hom Be 1 a 40 wv o Hactercuwe Konuenmpauun cexodnern pocmborad, natn Puc. 5. Coomomena X, Pn K 2 nexonom pacraope wp pacrentiay nocie aorzementa 32 nepsoue (N-+P-+K=100) TATEADHBIE STEMCHTT NPONOPNHONAMbUO HX COOTHOUICHHSM B TitTaTeALHOM Pactaope, NOcKoaBKy Ok GsiN cOCTaRTeH B cOoTBETCTBHA ‘c noTPeduOCTAN pactenuii, Aanneie, npxwexermue B ra6A. 5, NoKassiwalor, WFO HcnoaKsOBaKHe oF- ACIPHBLX NMTATENbUNX SIEMCHTOR pacreuusiMH W3 NHTATe/LHOTO pacTBopa B YOHOBHSX aSPONOHNKH MpOHCXOAUT c OAMHAKOBOH wireHCHBNOCTLIO. B.ne- TaGanna 5 Teranne pacremwit © coorercraui ¢ ux norpeGuoctamn & pasanunee nepsork pagers — oma Fone wierennn | eUpgaite wnfte[ x] wie ox fe [« Bueceno, nae 2028] 400] 798 | 5250 | zzs0 |'040| s208 | 385 | 738 Tloraomeno, 70 875) 102] 494 | 2800 | 1250 | 4850] G55 | 300 | 437 Hloraoueno, % 22] 26) 24) 46] “46 |) st] 54a] 54 | 59 Coomomentin N:P:K* 8 % Bm TaTeAMEX pACTHORAX 7 8} ts] a7} 23] 20] 43] 23 | ,29 Coomiiomerna N-P:K* B 9%, no- TAOWEHHEE pacTeHHs 75) 9} 47 43 24 34 483 22 34 N+P+K = 100%. 14puon Biipatinnannia paccants N, P x K Gro ncnomusopaxo B cpenten 10 24% KkarknOTO aNeMeHTa OT BHeCeHHbIX KONMYECTE, B nepHON GyTOHHsAl: oKOx0 48% HB nepHon Hasina naopoB oKono 54%. Caenosatenrio, B OTHX ycnOBHAX cocraB MiTaTeMbHOrO pacTROpa :10.I- 2KEH TOUNO OTBeUATE TOTPeOHOCTAM PACTeHHH y UNTANMH B TOT HAH ApyTot! HEPHO H, TEM CaMbIM, OTIanaet HeOOXOAMMOCTL NPHMeHEHHA pasqHUHDIX KostpHuHeHTOR HCnOMLSOBAHHA OTLeNENBX cOnei, Kak 9TO TpeGyercs TDF BupatubakHH pacTeHHit B LoMne. Tlpaxraveckn nosmoe copnazeume coornomennit N:P:K B nutaresprow Pactsope H B KONMYeCTBAX 9THX SJIeMEHTOR ycBOeHHMX pacreHusur (sa6n, 5) woxasbisaer, ¥r0 cocran nuratempioro pacrBopa sm AaNALIX yo~ AoBnh Soin NoROGpaK NpaviliLHo H, YTO jeCTBHTeENLHO Her HeO6XONHNOCTH UpUMeHATb PaIMHIHEle KOIpuLLMeHTE HCNOTLIOBAKHA WLI PassATINBIX s71e- MeHTOR B BRORHEIX pacTEopax. TIpw paccmorpexan prc. § 1 ta6n. 5 MoxKer cnoxurbcr pnevaTaenne, UTO CTOMb NOHO COOTRETCTBHE COOTHOMIEHMH MOrNOLeHHEIX 24eMeKTOB C COOTHOUIEHHSIMH SAEMERTOR, BHCCeHADIX B UKTarcnbHH pacrsop, o6sAc- HAETCH OTCYTCTBHEM W3OpAaTeLHOH CUOCOOHOCTH pacTenuii B AAHKEX y C70: BHSIX BbIpautHBaHHs pacreruii. Ho npuunnoh takoro coornercrsuA sb-asleTes He OtcyTCTBHe H3ONpaTerbHO! cnoco6HOCTH pacteHHil, a coornercrnne NotpeGHocreli pacrenwit B cOoTHOMeHMA NwTaTenLMHx oeMeHTOR B aaK- HBIX YCIOBHAX BbIPALHBAHHst C COOTHOLIEHHEM STEMEHTOB, BHECEKKEX B TH- TaresbHbit pacruop. Hi cronr TOKO HaMeHHTE OLNO HE ycHOBHit BEIpAuL- bani, KOTOpOe TOCAYKHT npLUNHOH vaMenenun norpeOuocreit pacrennis B COOTHOLICHHA NHraTeNDULIX 9TeMEHTOR, OCTABHD HeH3MEHKbIM COOTHOTIC- He MHTaTeABHLIX SNeMCHTOR, YTOGE MOCTATOUNO spKO MpoABH.ta ce6s| 13 Oupatensiaa cuoco6HocTs pacrernit. Aaunvie ta6.. 6 nokaspivaior, yO up H3MeHCHHM OCBeIMeKHOCTH HIT! SaryuleHHOCTH WOCeBA, KOTOPaH B KOHEYHOM cHeTe TaKaKe sBAMeTeH UpHsn- Ho HSMeHCHHA OcBeIMeKHOCTH, pesKO HSMCUAeTEH COOTHOMIERHE norto1ite- MBIX QNeMeHTOB IHTaHis. Mpu nowmkennolt ocrenernocrn pesko majaer ROPIOULeMHe a3OTA, TO Xe uAaGaOAAeTCA IPH 3AryueHHN HOCeBA DB TIepHO ‘anGoabuell rycroti crommun, Korma pactenus sateusior Apyr sipyra. TaGanua 6 Toraowerne niratenimx emects pactert sit R 3aBHeNNocTH OF oceemteHHOCT 1 saryulennocts moceza Hlormomenne, axe | Coomuomenne ora omar ee Bop nore ~Lrl«lsirtx H Corewennoers 150 0002pe-cnPeen | Byrownsanun—coape- | 3065| 268213430] 39 |o7 | 3 wane (45 791.) Octemenuocrs 250 060 spe-en%een 6390 | 2328] 3300] s2 | 49 Saryureniocts, 36 pacrenuit xa 1.4? | Havano ynevenut — wa- | 2045 | 1435 | 4680} 20 | 28 Saryntentiocrs, 48 pacrenuiita Ys? | yao {tnoxooGpazona- 3160 | 1392 ‘460 | 53 123 Hus (40 pot.) 1 RR Ms sroro sicHo, 170 pactenna He TepsioT H36upaTeMbHO! cnocoGuocTR AO OTHOUIeHHIO K NOrOLAeMbIM HOKaM B YCHOBHAX azpononNKH. Tipu BE PalWBaHHH PacTeHMit B AZPONOHHKE MBI HMCeM BCE BOSMOXHOCTH Ws YAOBJIETROPERHS MOTpeGuOCTeH pacteHHii B aneMenTax URTANHs np KoR- KPePHBIX NPOUHX YCHOBMEIX BHeMMel cpensi. Buponn 1. Pocr H pasBHTHe ToMaTOR OT BCXONOS LO COspenanNA MOOR Ae- IMCS Ha TPH NepHOsa, SHAUTeMDHO pagmmuaroninecs mo morpeOnocrsN pactTenHii K YcnOBHAM MMTaKMA — coOTHOWeHHIO UNTaTeEMbHbIX SeMeHTOR i KOHNeHTPalHH MMTATeENLKOTO pacrEopa. Be 4152. Tlepuoner GyTOHHRAuHH, WBETCHHS H 3aBASEBAHUA MOOR BCerAA Xa~ pakTepHSyloren BLICOKOH MHFeHCHBKOCTEIO NOrsoULeHHs MHTaTeMEBX Be Inecre, B flepHon #asuga 4 CO3PEDAHKA MOLOB UNTeHCHBHOCTD TorsoULe- wun NPK moxer Girrb HHSKOii HNIH BEICOKOM B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT OGecTIevet- HOCTH paCTeHHit MHTaTeNbUBIMH BeUIecTBANMH B MlpextectBy!oUAl MepHOA. Dro OGESICHACTCA TEM, ITO CBOID BLICOKYIO NOTPEOHOCT B MHTATeNDHLIX Be- IWecTHAX, HEOOXOMAMEIX Yin HaNMBa H COSPeBAHHE NONOL, PACTeHHA MoryT BOCHOSHHT 3a CUCT PCYTHINBANHH Palle NOTMONLEHHEIX NATATENbUDIX 31 MeHTOB. 3. Pacrenstt B AaponoMHKe sterKo NepetlocaT BBICOKMe KoNMlenTpAUHH nutarenpaux cone (nopazKa 60—90 woKo/a B MepHOR Wx METeHCHBHOTO pocra). UcnospsopaT, %e cTO/Nb BbICOKHE KOHMeHTPalHH Menecoobpasi0 TONPKO TIpH YCHOBHH HeGONDINNX OGEEMOR MHTATeNbETIx Pacreopow H MPH OBONENO PeRKoit HX KOppeKTHPOBKe. 4, B ycnonisx a9ponornKy pactentin coxpanmor HséupaTcsbity!0 cro coOHOCTS [0 OTHOMICHHIO K MOT OULaeMbIM HOHAM, HeCMOTPA HA BbICOKHE Yponm tirauns. Yweswenie OcpeMeHHOCTH, KaK H cluDKeTe sarymtelt- HOCTH MOCeB2, NPHBOAHT K YCHNEHHOMY MOrTOULeHHIO as0Ta OTHOCHTEMbHO TpyrHX sneMenTOR WHTAHHE. AsporornHKa OrkppiBaer Combine BOSMOHOCTH JWisl HSYYCHHA moTpe6- nocteH pacrenHit B 3vleMcHTax MMraHHA pH HCCHEKOBAHHH CcoBeuHOCTCIE UpaUMBANHA pacTeHui B pasmHUNDIX yomoBMAX BHeIIHeH Cpen MALT cosnauna ycnopuii, OecneutBalOUMIx HansywMBti poct H pasbitTAc pacre- ark. FMTEPATYPA LBM. Apuuxonces fi. O posayumoh Kyzetype pacrerni. DKypr. on. arp., Ne 1, 911. K A. Tumupases, Onsionornn pactersi, Kak ocKona palonamHoro semsenean Vicp, cou, 1. M196 A Honyuun, H. Mypau, Osoun & rosnyumofi cpene. Kaprosers 4 oBouut, No 10, 1960. VL TF. Mypam © nosaymnoil xyastype pacrenni s saxperom rpyste Onauos. paren 1. 10, pein. 5, 1963. My paul. Aspononnka p renamex. M, 1964. 10. H. 'Watixopon, Yeraionka nnn Bripauueann pacrenui weroxoN Bosnyumtoti xyaprypss. Ouctor., pacrena, Ne 2, 1964. B. T. Berker, Studies on root’ development. Long Ashton Agric. Hort, St. 1921 We Carter. A method of growing plants in water vapor to Iacilitate examination of roots. Phytopathology, v. 32, No 7, 1942. L. G. Klotz. A simplified method of growing plants with roots in mutrient vap Phytopathology, v. 34, No 5, 1944. 10. MF. Clayton, 1. A. Lamberto technique, Austral, J. Biol. Sci, No 4, 196 iF. Scheffer, R Kickuth., Sprihtenk fiir die Pflansenaufzucht, Z. Pilanzenernahr, Diing,, Bodenkade und Bodenkuitur, B. 105, H. 2, 1964. 12. M. Tapacenko, K. Kowurtais, 3. Mpoxopowa, Yepenxn p tywane. Lpero- zonerno, Ne 3, 1965. 13.1. C. Beauxon, A.T. AKNwona, Onur HenomssoBzHun a9ponoKMKn pas Hsyxe: hii ppemenitoco xona horocuwresa. Han. TCXA, Ni 1, 1966. 14.1 B Iiserxopa, 10. W Mlafinopos, B. M AGpamona. 6 ocoGennoctsx furans pactenHii py Bpanmnauny 1x B ROsRyLIO! KyALType LA SaMKWYTOIE CHCTC- mbt. B xt: , BA. 1968, 15.3. XpiouTs, Mecvanue v nome Kyabryph B MSyNouNM mremuA pacrenii, M., 1960. 16. 3 Hoy pOunsnit, OxanoaornyeckHe 1 arpoxmMHNecKKe OcKoNL mpHMeMeMiT ynoC- penn. M., 1963. 2 es on a ww A study of root exudates by the fog-box Huerucyr gxsnonorua pacreauit Tlocrynnina »_penaxusmo AH CCCP Ta t9r jockwa 116