Name: Jinny Democer Section: 1B

Retraction of Rizal
(Position Paper)

Jose Rizal, born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna, Philippines, was a
prominent figure in the Philippine independence movement during the late 19th
century. A multifaceted individual, Rizal excelled in various fields, including
literature, medicine, and the sciences. His two novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El
Filibusterismo," stand as powerful critiques of Spanish colonialism in the
Philippines, igniting a fire of national consciousness among Filipinos. Rizal's
legacy endures as a symbol of Filipino patriotism and the ongoing pursuit of
freedom and justice. His execution on December 30, 1896, marked a pivotal
moment in the struggle for Philippine independence.

Yes, there is historical documentation suggesting that Jose Rizal authored a

document known as the "Retraction" or "Abjuration" in the final days leading up to
his execution. This document is considered a retraction of certain anti-Catholic
sentiments found in his earlier writings. However, the authenticity and
circumstances surrounding this retraction have been the subject of scholarly
debate. Some argue it was written under duress from Spanish authorities, while
others contend it may have been tampered with or forged. As of my last knowledge
update in September 2021, a definitive consensus on this matter has yet to be
reached within the academic community.

Historical Context: Discuss the political and religious climate in the Philippines
during Rizal's time, highlighting the influence and power of the Catholic Church.

Question of Authenticity: Mention the ongoing debate among historians regarding

the authenticity of the retraction document. Some believe it was fabricated or
coerced, while others argue it could be genuine.
Motivation: Explore the potential reasons why Rizal might have considered or
made a retraction, such as pressure from authorities, concern for his family, or a
desire to avoid further conflict.

Impact on Rizal's Legacy: Analyze how the existence or absence of a retraction

affects Rizal's image as a nationalist and advocate for reform.

Alternative Interpretations: Consider alternative explanations for any statements or

actions that might be interpreted as a retraction, without necessarily accepting the
document's authenticity.

Legacy of Controversy: Examine how the controversy surrounding the retraction

continues to shape discussions about Rizal's life and beliefs.

The retraction of Jose Rizal remains a topic of historical debate and interpretation.
Some argue that Rizal's alleged retraction from his nationalist beliefs before his
execution was a result of coercion and manipulation by the Spanish authorities,
while others believe it was a sincere act of faith. Ultimately, the true nature and
circumstances surrounding Rizal's retraction remain uncertain, and it continues to
be a subject of scholarly discussion and analysis.