Jurnal Teknik Informatika C.I.

T Medicom, xx (x) (20xx) xx-xx

Published by: Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Jurnal Teknik Informatika C.I.T Medicom

Implementation of the Smart and Topsis methods in

etermining the construction of latrines
M.Fakhriza1, Aninda Muliani2, Apni Rahmadani3
1),2),3)
Information System, State Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan, North Sumatra

Article Info Abstract

Article history The people of Bangun Raya village have difficulty defecating, so many
people defecate in the open. The village head had difficulty determining
Received : diisi oleh editor
the location for the construction of public toilets according to the
Revised : diisi oleh editor
criteria from the sub-district. That way the authors conduct research
Accepted : diisi oleh editor
directly by looking for the data needed starting from population data,
location, and area area. the Smart and Topsis methods are one of the
Kata Kunci: solutions to determine which hamlets will be prioritized for building
public toilets first on a website basis, Meotde Smart functions as a
Decision Support System; weighting value and Topsis is useful in normalizing relative values and
Toilte Construction; ranking based on the results of normalizing the desired criteria. In this
Smart; way, the Head of Bangun Insan Village can determine which hamlet is
Topsis entitled to receive assistance for the construction of a tailgate. The
results of this study resulted in Hilaluddin Harahap's house in hamlet 2
being selected as the location for the construction of a toilet rank 1
with an accuracy value of 96% based on the desired criteria.

Corresponding Author:
Apni Rahmadani Tanjung,
Information System, faculty of science and technology
University of North Sumatra
jl. Golf Course, Durian Village, Pancur Batu, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra,20352
apnirahmadani@gmail.com
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license.

1. Introduction
Bangun Raya Village consists of 6 hamlets which are very far apart, the community still has very low
characteristics in terms of defecating, due to the absence of public toilets in the village environment.
Bangun Raya Village has funds for the construction of public toilets from the government, but the
village head of Bangun Raya has difficulties in determining the location for the construction of public
toilets based on government stipulation criteria. That way the author conducts research directly by
collecting demographic data and the location of each hamlet, the Smart and Topsis methods are one
of the solutions to determine which hamlet locations will be prioritized for building public toilets
first on a website basis, the Smart Method works as a value weighting and topsis is useful in
normalizing relative values and ranking based on the normalization results of the desired criteria. In
this way, the Head of Bangun Raya Village can determine which hamlet locations are entitled to
receive latrine construction assistance, so that no more people will experience difficulty defecating.
The Smart method is a method used to weigh the data values obtained according to the desired
criteria, then the topsis method functions as a step to normalize the data from the final result which
will be calculated from the relative value, the results of the two methods will produce a ranking,

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where the ranking results will determine which hamlet is more important for the construction of
public toilet locations, so that the combination of the two methods is very suitable for this research.
In the previous journal research entitled "Comparison of HP and SMART Methods on Lecturer
Appraisal Performance at the Development of Panca Budi University Medan", from this study using
the AHP method, only 3 lecturers out of 10 lecturers were entitled to incentives, and analysis using
the SMART method obtained 4 lecturers of 10 quality lecturers, from the results of the research
analysis above it was found that the decision to give incentives had a more influential effect on the
SMART method compared to the AHP method[1], [2], this has been proven from several previous
studies, therefore the authors use the SMART and Topsis methods as a better combination method
to get maximum results. This study aims to determine the location in which hamlets will be
prioritized or prioritized in the construction of public toilets, so that the village head will find it
easier to find out which hamlet communities need the construction of public toilets more based on
criteria or provisions from the government.

2. Reaearch Method

SPK or decision support system is a method that is used to support decision making directly by
carrying out the specified data management stages, SPK can determine results according to
alternative values or solutions for those who experience problems in various ways[3], [4].
The stages for making decisions rationally are by carrying out the stages of the search phase,
the design phase, the selection phase, the implementation phase using software, and the desired
features in making decisions [5], this is a busy description of the DSS phases used:

Fig 1. Decision Support System Phases[6]

In this study the authors used the SMART method in the first stage which later combined
the results of the SMART method with the Topsis Method, thereby obtaining maximum value, the
SMART method is more widely used because it is simpler in responding to the needs of decision
makers[7], SMART has several steps that must be carried out, among others, determining the criteria
used, assigning criteria weights to each criterion by using intervals of 1-100 for each criterion with the
most important priority, calculating the normalized weight of each criterion by comparing the
weight value of the criteria with the total weight of the criteria [8], [9], using the equation formula as
follows :

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wj
Normalization=
∑ wj
(1)
Where:
Wj = weight of a criterion
Σwj = total weight of all criteria

Determine the utility value by converting the criterion values for each criterion into standard data
criterion values using the following equation formula:

(cmax −c out )
ui (a¿¿ i)= ¿ (2)
(c max−c min )

Where :
ui(ai) = utility value of the i-th criterion for the i-th alternative
cmax = maximum criterion value
cmin = minimum criterion value
cout = criterion value to-i

Determine the final value of each multiplying the value obtained from the normalization of
the criterion value with the normalized value of the criterion weight [10], [11], using the following
equation formula:

m
(a ¿¿ i)=∑ w j u i (a¿¿ i)¿ ¿
J=1
(3)

The results of calculating the final value are then sorted from the largest to the smallest
value, the alternative with the largest final value shows the best alternative.
The Topsis method is capable of solving multi-criteria problems, where this method can take
alternative choices that have the smallest distance from the positive ideal solution and the Euclidean
distance by using the normalized matrix formula and weighted Normalized Matrix as follows [12],
[13]:

X ij

√
m
Rij = (4)
∑ X 2ij
i=1

( )
y11 y 12 y1 j
y 21 y 22 y2 j (5)
yi 1 yi 2 y ij

3. Results and Discussion

In this study using quantitative research methods, such as observations, interviews,

literature studies, and using the RAD (Rapid Application Development) development method, this
method is very useful for conducting data searches and structured system design in creating new and

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useful application systems, types the data used in this study uses original data and good secondary
data in determining the right support system[14], [15], Requirements planning is the design of
requirements which includes steps in building the system so that it can work optimally according to
the needs obtained, by analyzing the data first first then do the selection of weight values according
to the formula of the previous equation[16]–[18].

Tabel 1.
Paremeter pemilihan Jamban

Parameter Mark
There isn't any 100
There is 50

In table 1, it is known that each sub-criteria has a different value based on the priority level
which is converted into a nominal number, according to having a predetermined latrine[19].

Tabel 2.
Parameters of the occupants of the house, social status, land area

Parameter Mark Parameter Mark Parameter Mark

≥10 people 100 Less fortunate 100 There is 100
7-9 people 90 Capable 75 There isn't any 50
4-6 people 80 Capable 50
1-3 people 70

After determining the value of each criterion, the author collected population datasets in the
village of Bangun Raya by conducting research and direct interviews, where the datasets obtained
totaled 130 heads of households[20], including the following:

Tabel 3.
Parameters of the occupants of the house, social status, land area

Alternative Socioeconomic Land

No Dusun Home Physical Occupants
name Status Availability
Ahmad Riadi Semi
1 1 3 Less fortunate There isn't any
Hasibuan Permanent
Ahmad Rosidi
2 1 Non Permanent 6 Less fortunate There isn't any
Dly
3 Hubbi Dly 1 Non Permanent 3 Less fortunate There isn't any
Ahmad
Semi
4 Husein 1 7 Capable There isn't any
Permanent
Nasution
Abdul Semi
5 1 5 Capable There isn't any
Rahaman Hsb Permanent
6 Ali Sahbana 1 Non Permanent 4 Less fortunate There is
Khoiruddin
7 2 Non Permanent 9 Less fortunate There is
Hsb
8 Badarun Hsb 2 Permanent 6 Very Capable There isn't any
M. Asminan Semi
9 2 4 Less fortunate There is
Hsb Permanent
Asnawi Semi
10 2 7 Less fortunate There is
Nasuton Permanent
…. …. …. …. …. …. ….

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Alternative Socioeconomic Land

No Dusun Home Physical Occupants
name Status Availability
130 Aslamia Hsb 4 Non Permanent 3 Less fortunate There is

Gives criteria weight with a value of 1 to 100, based on the level of importance of the criteria.
The value given to the weight of this criterion is based on the judgment of the decision maker as
presented in table 4.

Tabel 4.
Criteria Weight

Criteria Weight
hamlet 25
Physical Condition of the House 15
Number of Occupants of the
15
House
Socioeconomic Status 20
Land Availability 25
Amount 100

Calculating the normalized weight value of the criteria based on the equation above by
dividing the value of each weight by the total weight value:

Weight 25 Weight 15
= =0 , 25 = =0 , 15
Total Weight 100 Total Weight 100

Weight 15 Weight 20
= =0 , 15 = =0 , 2
Total Weight 100 Total Weight 100

Weight 25
= =0 , 25
Total Weight 100

The following is the calculation of the utility value using the equation of the formula above
(3), calculating the utility value will obtain the weight value of each criterion, and will be directly
calculated into the TOPSIS method for the calculation and ranking process[21].

Ahmad Riadi Hasibuan Ahmad Rosidi Dly

100−50 100−50
C1¿ 100 = 100 C 1¿ 100 = 100
100−50 100−50
75−50 100−50
C2¿ 100 = 50 C 2¿ 100 = 100
100−50 100−50
70−70 80−70
C3¿ 100 =0 C 3¿ 100 = 33,333
100−70 100−70
100−50 100−50
C4¿ 100 = 100 C 4¿ 100 = 100
100−50 100−50

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50−50 50−50
C5¿ 100 =0 C5¿ 100 =0
100−50 100−50

Information
C1 : Hamlet
C2 : Physical Condition of the House
C3 : Number of Occupants of the House (Person)
C4 : Socioeconomic Status
C5 : Availability of Land

Tabel 5.
Alternative Utility Value

Home Socioeconomi Land

No Alternative name Dusun Occupants
Physical c Status Availability
Ahmad Riadi
1 100 50 0 100 0
Hasibuan
2 Ahmad Rosidi Dly 100 100 33,333 100 0
3 Hubbi Dly 100 100 0 100 0
Ahmad Husein
4 0 50 66,667 50 0
Nasution
Abdul Rahaman
5 0 50 33,333 50 0
Hsb
6 Ali Sahbana 100 100 33,333 100 100
7 Khoiruddin Hsb 100 100 66,667 100 100
8 Badarun Hsb 0 0 33,333 0 0
9 M. Asminan Hsb 100 50 33,333 100 100
10 Asnawi Nasuton 100 50 66,667 100 100
…. …. …. …. …. …. ….
130 Aslamia Hsb 100 100 0 100 100

After getting the desired weight value for each criterion, then calculating the value of the
decision matrix and ranking using the TOPSIS method with the equation formula above:

Tabel 6.
Matrix Normalized Distribution Value

No Alternative name C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

Ahmad Riadi 3,33

1 1,622 0 3,015 0
Hasibuan 3
3,33
2 Ahmad Rosidi Dly 3,244 1,361 3,015 0
3
3,33
3 Hubbi Dly 3,244 0 3,015 0
3
Ahmad Husein
4 0 1,622 2,722 1,508 0
Nasution
Abdul Rahaman
5 0 1,622 1,361 1,508 0
Hsb
3,33
6 Ali Sahbana 3,244 1,361 3,015 4,082
3

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No Alternative name C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
3,33
7 Khoiruddin Hsb 3,244 2,722 3,015 4,082
3
8 Badarun Hsb 0 0 1,361 0 0
3,33
9 M. Asminan Hsb 1,622 1,361 3,015 4,082
3
3,33
10 Asnawi Nasuton 1,622 2,722 3,015 4,082
3
…. …. 0 0 0 0 0
3,33
130 Aslamia Hsb 3,244 0 3,015 4,082
3

After obtaining the matrix's normalized value, the author then creates a weighted decision
matrix, where the normalized data is multiplied by the weight of the criteria to produce a weighted
normalized value [22], as follows:

Ahmad Riadi Hasibuan Ahmad Rosidi Dly

C1¿ 3,333∗0 , 25=0,833 C1¿ 3,333∗0 , 25=0,833
C2¿ 1,622∗0 ,15=0,243 C2¿ 3,244∗0 , 15=0,487
C3¿ 0∗0 , 15 = 0 C 3¿ 1,361∗0 ,15 = 0,204
C4¿ 3,015∗0 , 2= 0,603 C 4¿ 3,015∗0 , 2= 0,603
C5¿ 0∗0 , 25= 0 C 5¿ 0∗0 , 25= 0

Hubbi Dly Ahmad Husein Nasution

C1¿ 3,333∗0 , 25=0,833 C1¿ 0∗0 , 25=0
C2¿ 3,244∗0 , 15=0,487 C2¿ 1,622∗0 ,15=0,243
C3¿ 0∗0 , 15 = 0 C 3¿ 2,722∗0 ,15 = 0,408
C4¿ 3,015∗0 , 2= 0,603 C 4¿ 1,508∗0 , 2= 0,302
C5¿ 0∗0 , 25= 0 C 5¿ 0∗0 , 25= 0

After getting the value of the normalized multiplication result, the researcher then performs
the process of calculating the ideal positive and negative ideal solution matrices, where A+ is equal to
the max value of the results of the weighted criteria values (max = the largest value; if the benefit
criterion), A- is equal to the min value of the results weighted criterion value (min = smallest value; if
benefit criteria)[23], [24].
Tabel 7.
Matrix Normalized Distribution Value

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
A+ 0,833 0,487 0,612 0,603 1,021
A- 0 0 0 0 0

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Ahmad Riadi Hasibuan

√¿
D + = ¿¿
= √ 0+0,060+ 0,374+0+ 1,042 = √ 1,476 = 1,215

√¿
D - = ¿¿
= √ 0,694+ 0,059+0+0,364 +0 = √ 1,117 = 1,057

Ahmad Rosidi Dly

√¿
D+ = ¿ ¿
= √ 0+0+ 0,166+0+1,042 = √ 1,208 = 1,099

√¿
D- = ¿ ¿
= √ 0,694+ 0,237+0,042+0,363+ 0 = √ 1,336= 1,156

Hubbi Dly

√¿
D+ = ¿ ¿
= √ 0+0+ 0,374+0+ 1,042 = √ 1,416= 1,190

√¿
D- = ¿ ¿
= √ 0,694+ 0,237+0+ 0,363+0 = √ 1,294 = 1,138

Ahmad Husein Nasution

√¿
D+ = ¿ ¿
= √ 0,694+ 0,060+0,042+0,091+1,042 = √ 1,929 = 1,388

√¿
D- = ¿ ¿
= √ 0+0,060+ 0,166+0,091+0 = √ 0,317 = 0,563

Next, multiply the normalized value with the reference value so that it will produce a
reference ranking value:

1,057
Ahmad Riadi Hasibuan ¿ = 0,465
1,057+1,215
1,156
Ahmad Rosidi Dly¿ = 0,513
1,156+1,099
1,138
Hubbi Dly ¿ = 0,489
1,138+1,190
0,563
Ahmad Husein Nasution = = 0,288
0,563+1,388

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After obtaining the alternative preference values as a whole, then sorting the preference
values based on the largest to the smallest value, so that the highest reference value will be the first
priority number to be the recipient of latrine construction assistance [19], [25].

Tabel 8.
Rating results Reference value

Alternatice Name Preferance Value Ranking

Hilaluddin Hrp 1 1
Khoiruddin Hsb 0,886 2
Asnawi Nasuton 0,828 3
Ali Sahbana 0,791 4
M. Asminan Hsb 0,757 5
Aslamia Hsb 0,714 6
Ahmad Rosidi Dly 0,513 7
Hubbi Dly 0,489 8
Ahmad Riadi Hasibuan 0,465 9
Khoirun Saleh 0,340 10

After getting the results of the ranking based on the normalized value and preference value
according to the desired criteria, the final result of this study is to get the initial ranking decision
value that will get latrine construction assistance in hamlet 2 on behalf of Mr. Hilaluddin Hrp with a
very high construction location. good results and obtain 96% accuracy results based on the dataset
studied, from these results the village head of Bagun Raya decides which hamlets and household
heads are entitled to receive latrine construction assistance from the government through the village
head, so the community can jointly take advantage of the construction of public latrines and provide
very good changes to the environment of the Bangun Raya village in the future.ma Alternative
Preference Value Ranking.
The interface display of the system development built in this study, which will be used by
the village head as follows :

Figure 1. Login view and dashboard view

Above is one of the admin views for logging in, and the initial dashboard display if the admin
has successfully entered, which in this view consists of several menus including alternative menus,
criteria menus, sub criteria menus, assessment menus, and calculation menus in the SMART and
TOPSIS methods[15], Meanwhile, the final result can be seen in the following image:

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Figure 2. Final Result Data Menu Interface

In Figure 2, there is a menu display of the final result data which is a display of the results of
the calculations of the two SMART and TOPSIS methods, the final results shown in the figure
produce the highest ranking order that will get the construction of public toilets with predetermined
criteria based on government regulations using a website-based system to facilitate the village head
quickly and precisely.

4. Conclusion

The results of this study resulted in the application of the SMART and TOPSIS methods with the aim
of facilitating the village of Bangun Raya in determining the selection of good locations for the
construction of public toilets in the selected hamlets, the results of this study made it easier for
Bangub Raya village head office employees to rank community data quickly and accurate, the results
obtained obtained data that the head of the family with Mr. Hilaluddin Hrp with a value of one and
an accuracy value of 96% was stated as a place to build public toilets for the local community, as for
suggestions from the author for further research to build a system using other combination methods
and be able to build Android-based system to make it more accessible, and provide good or useful
features.

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