COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

COMPUTER STREAM

INTERNSHIP REPORT FROM OROMIYA BROADCASTING NETWORK

Student Name: ID:

HIWOT TADELE DBUR1301/07
ADDISALEM GETAHUN DBUR0168/08
WUBISHET TASSEW DBUR1131/08

JANUARY 2020 GC
Declaration
We spent the internship program for the last three months at OBN. Through these months we tried a lot to
achieve the internship objectives and able to do the tasks according to the guide lines. We have now compile all
the data’s that we gathered and added to this report on what we have been doing ,what we have been gained,
and our conclusion and recommendation. So we declare that this internship report is totally depend on what we
have been doing there.

Advisor Name:-Firehiwot FatherName………sign……………date………………………

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Acknowledgement
All praise is due to GOD and first we would like to thanks the ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER
ENGINEERING department, which allows to have this sweet internship time that let us to know a lot about our
field of study. Secondly, we want to give our great respect for the OBN and all of its workers. Especially for
mr. Tadesse, Yilma and Addis from ICT and System Automation department instructors that help us a lot from
their heart on what they have. Finally, we have a great respect for our advisor Firehiwot, for all she has did for
us.

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Executive Summary
The report contains all about the information that we have in last three months in OBN. We gained a lot from
this organization, like system automation, basics of ICT staff maintenance, including computer hardware and
software maintenance, and more.
In this report we included background history of the organization, the main services, and the main and overall
works what we have seen in the company. Also it has the conclusion, and reference.
Oromia Broadcasting Network (OBN) was previously founded as Oromia mass media organization according to
the declaration number 113/1998 and later on renamed as Oromia Broadcasting Network by declaration number
164/2003.The organization is growing in all its aspects and is now becoming one among the influential media
with the prospect of becoming the leading media soon in the country. The organization that is established in
order to distribute services of both radio and television programs on air for inside country and international
audiences through their own frequency and website Satellite systems which is broadcast 24 hour per a day .So
we had also pass a late 3 months with this organization as an internship trainer and we have seen a lot. During
the internship program we have been benefited with improving practical skills, theoretical knowledge,
interpersonal communication skills entrepreneurship skills, team playing and leadership skills.

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List of abbreviations
OBN- Oromiya broadcasting network

ICT- Information and communication Technology

RAM-Random access memory

RJ45-Registered Jack (45)

UPS- Uninterrupted power supply

CPU-Central processing unit

VGA-Video Graphics Array

ISIS-Infinitely Scalable Intelligent Storage

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List of figures
Figure 1: gate of the building

Figure 2: switch

Figure 3: crimper

Figure 4: RJ45

Figure 5: cat-6 cable

Figure 6: screw driver

Figure 7: cutter

Figure 8: inside desktop computer

Figure 9: ports on the computer system unit.

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Table of Contents
Declaration........................................................................................................................................................................... i
Acknowledgement............................................................................................................................................................... ii
Executive Summary...........................................................................................................................................................iii
List of abbreviations..........................................................................................................................................................iv
List of figures....................................................................................................................................................................... v
CHAPTER ONE..................................................................................................................................................................1
Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the organization..............................................................................................................................1
1.1.1 Brief history of OROMIYA Broadcasting Network........................................................................................1
1.1.2 Mission of the organization................................................................................................................................2
1.1.3 Services of the OBN............................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER TWO................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Overall Internship Studies..................................................................................................................................................3
2.1 How we got into the company.....................................................................................................................................3
2.2 The sections we were working on...............................................................................................................................3
2.2.1 System automation (administration).................................................................................................................3
2.2.2 ICT department..................................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER THREE..........................................................................................................................................................12
INTERNISHIP ADDITIONAL SKILLS.........................................................................................................................12
3.1 Entrepreneurship skill................................................................................................................................................12
3.2 Improving interpersonal communication skill...........................................................................................................12
3.3 Improving team playing skills...................................................................................................................................12
3.4 Understanding work ethics........................................................................................................................................12
CHAPTER FOUR.............................................................................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION...............................................................................................................13
4.1 Conclusion................................................................................................................................................................. 13
4.2 Recommendation.......................................................................................................................................................14
References.......................................................................................................................................................................... 15

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 CHAPTER ONE
Introduction

1.1 Background of the organization

1.1.1 Brief history of OROMIYA Broadcasting Network

After transitional government / Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia / has started governing the nations, nationalities
and peoples of the country gets chance to use the broadcast media. At the beginning, all of them broadcast their programs
through Ethiopian Radio and TV organization. The OROMIYA Regional state also start broadcasting regional programs
since 1989 EC. At the time, it was organized under the OROMO cultural and truism bureau as one department. Later the
radio and TV department was transferred to the OROMIYA information and public relation bureau OROMIYA
Broadcasting Network (OBN) Organization started November 23, 1999 E.C under Abba Dula Gamada, OROMIYA
regional state president in OROMIYA region at Adama town. To fulfill the needs and interest of Oromo people by
showing the culture, tradition, historical background, ethics and language of the Oromo people living inside and outside of
the country, which were weakened by early Ethiopian leaders. OROMIYA radio is established on March 16, 2000 E.C
and Television established on March 16, 2001 E.C. And also Finfinnee FM 93.2MHz is started on February 22, 2002
E.C. Before 2001, OBN TV is working on ETV media as one program named as STVO. In 2001, OBN became an
independent organization. The fly way of live (oduu) is being started. OBN organized with resource and human power in
August 2002 E.C. At the first time, the organization used to have both electronic and print media services. Now the
organization has only the electronics media (meaning it has Radio, Television and website). According to the media
mapping survey, it employs are journalist, technician and part timers. The government maintains complete monopoly on
television broadcasting, but it has licensed a handful of private radio stations. The basic function of OBN is to connect
people through voice transfer and via radio and television media is becoming a very common measure of communication
in our country. In this report we tried to include more or less the whole system of the OROMIYA Broadcasting
Network Organization as well as our duties and responsibilities that we have there during our internship period.

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Figure-1: gate of the building

1.1.2 Mission of the organization

The main mission of OBN is to transmit periodical information and entertainment programs using electronic
media and websites to develop awareness of good democracy, to reflect oromo culture, norms and to maintain
relationships within the country and foreign relation. Other missions of OBN are to increase study, discoveries
and innovation to increase participation of community in all aspects to develop work culture of community to
increase organization of all sectors to develop and organize good experience and increase good work and
service. Shortly, depend on what the OBN gives to the community, they call it “Voice of people”.

1.1.3 Services of the OBN

There are strong and well organized advertising services of different products, like editing service of
news, entertainment, educational thing and other program. There is also recording services of news, music,
entertainments, educational things and other issues like political, social and cultural issues can be recorded
in the organization. Training service is also given for the workers of the organization. The organization is
planned to expand its services in the near future with respect to its quality and performance as well. Generally
products or services of the organization are Periodical News, Entertainment, Advertisement Production, Renting
Studio, Direct Transmitting information service, Script writer’s service, Documentary film service, Library
services are given for the organization workers. Video editing service and Computer maintenance service are
given OBN organization.

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 CHAPTER TWO
Overall Internship Studies

2.1 How we got into the company

The internship program has primarily designed to provide the student on- job training and Practical work
experience by the university industry linkage (UIL) office which coordinates this program, distributes the
application form to be presented to Industrial companies by the student.

We tried to dig out more information about the good internship provider organization which are related to our
field of study and then, they pointed us to the OBN. Then we got the acceptance as our request through the letter
given by university industry linkage.

2.2 The sections we were working on

There are two main sections:-

1. System automation:-is all about the system administration.

2. ICT department:-is concerned to ICT and all related issues.

2.2.1 System automation (administration)

In this section the job is all about the administration systems on the central data arrangement like ingesting data,
digital archiving system, editing files and controls the central storage devices. OBN uses AVID automation
system to administrate. AVID automation offer abroad range of technology solution. It handles the technical
complexities, so we are left with simple, intuitive system. In OBN all works under media automation system
like ingesting data, browsing (previewing), editing and archiving are done by using AVID automation software.

Ingesting data:-is all about adding (importing) the data’s that are gathered from the outside field or recorded
inside the studio into the central storage device (ISIS server) for the later use. This is done in ingesting room.
This room has different VTRs (video tape recorders) connected with ISIS server. When we start ingesting the
data everything we are recording are place in ISIS server. So while recording the data we can view and edit that
data cause they are also uses PWT (play while transfer) system.

Editing file:-is process of extracting the important and main information to transmit it to television or radio
broadcast. It has its own room and editing professionals. The editing process is done as per the journalist want.
Once the data is ingest in to central storage (ISIS) the editor works with the Meta data. After completing the
editing, the final data wants to be on air is transmitted to the play out (air speed) server.

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The admin workers control the overall arrangement of the data. The action taken on the audio or video files is
controlled by them. The data that come from the outside, must be added into central storage through the
ingesting system for use. Central storage is called ISIS5000 server which is total 64TB in size. And is an online
mode server in which editing jobs can takes directly from it through the connection. OBN has two ISIS5000
servers, each ISIS has the size of 32 TB with 15 hard disk and 1 for spare.

The admin also control play out server, which is used to store the final qualified files for the on-air
transmission. Play out server is standalone data base. As OBN is 24/7 on-Air therefore as much as possible they
are working on eliminate the faults. But it’s difficult to eliminate the faults either it can be reduced. If they
getting trouble with ISIS while working with the problem they will be on air with the play out server since its
standalone database.

Digital archive system:-as its name indicates, used to archive (store) data permanently in offline mode for later
use. OBN uses ALTO server which has 432 TB total size as alternative to a data-tape archive to archive offline
data permanently for the future use.

2.2.2 ICT department

ICT is term that includes any communication devices or application, encompassing; radio, television, cellular
phone, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems, etc. as well as the various service and
applications associated with them. ICT is also to refer to the convergence of audio - visual with computer
network through a single cabling or link system. These technologies include computers, the Internet,
broadcasting technologies (radio and television) and telephony. The topology that used in the OBN organization
is the hybrid topology (i.e. bus topology and star topology). Data on a bus network passes through the hub,
switch and routers then continuing to its destination with star topology. The advantage of using star topology is
for better performance that prevents the data packets from passing through an excessive number of nodes.

In this department we have seen two main subsections, networking and maintenance.

Let see them in detail in the explanation below.

1. Networking
Networking is one the subsections that we have seen in the ICT department.

Cable:-is one the medium for transmission of data through a network. There are three types of cable,

-Twisted pair cable– is cable that is used transfer in the form of electromagnetic wave. The device that used us
to connect this cable with RJ45 for final use is called crimper.

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-Coaxial cable – used for radio frequency signals, for example in cable television distribution systems. The
device which used to cut the coaxial cable is machines or motor driver.

-Fiber cable –which has a high speed and the most expensive internet cable, is used when high speed
connection is required. It is mostly used to connect two or more servers and also server and switch. Splicer is
device that let us to cut and make it safe for use.

Cable Tester: Used to test a cable whether it works or not. The device has two plugin sockets for the end outlet
part of the cable so after I plug the cable from the screen menu and provide the type of cable to be checked the
tester automatically test the cable and shows “pass” or “fail” result.

Switch:-is a device used to interconnect network device from core layer to access layer.

Figure-2: switch

Crimping Tool: -It is a networking tool used to crimp or connect a connector to each end of the cable. We also
used it for crimping RJ-45 (8-Pin) connectors with a wire.

Figure-3: crimper

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Registered jack (RJ45):-A registered jack (RJ) is used for us to construct and wiring pattern for connecting a
data equipment to a service provided by a local exchange carrier or long distance carrier.

Figure-4: RJ45

Cat-6 cable: - We use this cat-6 cable for data translation between devices.

Figure-5:-cat-6 cable

Screw Drivers: - is a device used to open/stretch and close /compress each screw on the computer.

Figure-6: screw driver

Cutter: - is used to cut different materials of networking such as: cable, wires, trucking and etc.

Figure-7:- cutter

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CABLE CRIMPING AND PUNCHING- Crimping UTP cable to RJ45, then which is used to connect devices
to networking equipment such as router or switches. The RJ45 cable is a standard cable which has four twisted
pairs of colors.RJ45 cable can be crimped either in straight through or cross over arrangement.

Straight through UTP Cable Code: The color arrangement (code) of straight through UTP cable to RJ-45:

Both side

Pin-1=>white-orange

Pin-2=>orange

Pin-3=> White-green

Pin-4=> Blue

Pin-5=> White-blue

Pin-6=> Green

Pin-7=> White-brown

Pin-8=> Brown

 Is used to connect computer with the switch.

Crossover UTP Cable Code: The color arrangement (code) of cross over UTP cable to RJ-45:

The other side

Pin-1=>white-green

Pin-2=>green

Pin-3=> White-orange

Pin-4=> Blue

Pin-5=> White-blue

Pin-6=> orange

Pin-7=> White-brown

Pin-8=> Brown

 Is used to connect switch to switch and hub to server.

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FTP (File Transfer Protocol):- is used for the transfer of computer file between a client and server on a
computer network. The software using FTP is File ZILA.

File ZILA divided in to two, 1. File ZILA Client is used to user name and password

2. File ZILA server is used to only to join the software

OBN organization have 14 branch. ICT class room worker is to manipulate the computer problem of the other
branch by using the software of TEAM VEWER. It is used to problem solving of the other pc own our pc by
getting the person user name and password.

Additionally, we have been seen about security camera which is controlled in the server room. It work 24hr. It
can send and receive data via a computer network and the internet.

1. Computer Maintenance
A computer is a fabulous instrument that turns human inputs in to electronic information that can store or
share/distribute through various output devices. A computer performs (if instructed to do so) the steps shown in
the diagram below, using information that a user provides (such as a typed sentence). All of the equipment
(hardware) and the instructions (software) needed to complete the above steps are described in the next section.
Amazingly, the information that the user inputs into a computer is processed so that it becomes a simple code
made up of only two digits: zero and one! For all its complexity, a computer is only able to handle these two
choices. This is because it is based on electrical signals that have only two options (such as either on or off).
But computers compensate for this very simple code by using it in huge quantities. A single unit of this
zero/one code is called a bit. Grouping 8 bits together makes a unit of information called a byte.

Hardware:-in a Computer Hardware Maintenance, there are some common hardware problems that can be
avoided, or at least made less frequent by taking particular preventive measures with computers. These
preventive measures are listed below.

Dust Control:-dust is very harmful thing for computer parts. Excess dust can cause mechanical failures,
particularly on computer components with moving parts. Minimizing dust in a computer lab is an important
part of computer maintenance.

The computers themselves should be regularly dusted (wiped with a dry cloth or duster) and if the computers
are housed in a particularly dusty area, the use of dust covers (when the computers are turned off) is advised. In
addition, when a computer case is opened for other repairs, the dust that has built up inside the case should be
blown out. This works best with forced air. Different mechanical and electrical tools are available to compress
air.

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Heat Control:-computer parts, in particular the CPU, produce a large amount of heat while operating. It is
important for this heat to dissipate, so that the computer is not damaged by overheating. Computers do have
fans and heat sinks, but these will only work well if the air flow to the computer is not blocked. This means, for
example, that a laptop computer should not be left running for any length of time on a soft surface (like a sofa)
that conforms around it, and a desktop computer case should not be used while in an enclosed cabinet. In
addition, it is ideal that the computer lab temperature be kept low. Using air conditioners is a good option, since
the windows can also be kept closed to minimize dust, but many computer projects cannot afford air
conditioners or the associated electricity costs. Therefore curtains (to reduce the heat of the sunlight), open
windows and fans are often the best alternatives, although their use requires increased vigilance against dust.

Surge Protection:-in many countries, the electrical supply does not have a uniform (well controlled) voltage.
Voltage is also variable due to surges that occur, particularly during thunderstorms and when power is returning
after an outage. Voltage surges can be very damaging to computers and other electrical components, and it is
important to protect against these events. The simplest form of surge protection is to purchase surge protecting
power (adaptor) strips. These devices contain 4 or 5 outlets that are protected by a fuse that is blown in case of
a power surge. The quality of these power strips varies, though, and they cannot be guaranteed to be the safest
form of surge protection. A second form of surge protection is a surge suppressor that is installed where the
main power enters a computer lab. These devices, though more expensive, are of higher quality and will protect
all of the electrical components plugged in to electrical sockets within the room. A third option to consider is to
purchase uninterrupted power supplies (UPSs) to share between every two computers in a computer lab (since a
UPS includes six to ten electrical sockets). A UPS regulates the voltage sent to the sockets located on the UPS
itself, and also contains a battery that allows for continued operation of a computer after a power outage.
Depending on the UPS model and the amount of equipment attached to the UPS, the battery might last for an
hour or for just a few minutes, but even just a few minutes allows enough time for the user to save their work
and shut the computer down properly.

Laptop Maintenance Issues:-for computer labs using laptop computers, there are a couple of additional issues
to be aware of that can affect the lifespan of the computer. Because laptop computers are moved around from
place to place and handled more roughly than desktop computers, they are more likely to have hardware
problems develop. One problem area, for example, is in the AC adaptor port. If it is found in the back of a
laptop computer, it is easy for the computer user to tilt the laptop backwards and unintentionally place pressure
on the AC adaptor as it is forced against the table top. The AC port (and any other port located on the back of a
laptop) can be easily damaged from this stress. Therefore computer users should be instructed on the proper
technique to use when picking up a laptop computer. A second problem area for laptop computers is that the

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screws on the laptop body gradually become loosened as the computer is moved about. A computer lab
manager should periodically (perhaps twice a year) tighten the screws on all laptop computers.

Efficient Use of a Printer:-most computer labs will have at least one printer for the use of the computer lab
manager and selected computer lab users. Printers are a great resource, but if not controlled well they can be
overused. This puts unnecessary wear on the printer, and also uses up expensive ink and paper. It would be
wise for a computer lab manager to have in place some policies about what sort of material can be printed, and
when color ink use is allowed. Users should also be instructed to preview their work before printing, to avoid
printing unnecessary pages. In addition, many printers have different printing settings that control the quality of
the printouts and thus the amount of ink used. Inkjet printers, for example, usually have an option for “draft” or
“fast” printing that uses significantly less ink, but still looks reasonably good. To find this option when printing
a document, select Print from the File menu (or the Office Button in MS Word 2007). When the print menu
opens, there will be a Properties button next to the selected printer. Clicking here will bring up choices such as
the print quality and whether the printout should be in color or black and white.

Case:-the computer case (also called a tower or housing) is the box that encloses many of the parts shown
below. It has attachment points, slots and screws that allow these parts to be fitted onto the case. The case is
also sometimes called the CPU, since it houses the CPU (central processing unit or processor), but this
designation can lead to confusion. Please see the description of the processor, below.

Power Supply:-the power supply is used to connect all of the parts of the computer described below to
electrical power. It is usually is found at the back of the computer case.

Fan:-a fan is needed to disperse the significant amount of heat that is generated by the electrically powered
parts in a computer. It is important for preventing overheating of the various electronic components. Some
computers will also have a heat sink (a piece of fluted metal) located near the processor to absorb heat from the
processor.

Motherboard:-the motherboard is a large electronic board that is used to connect the power supply to various
other electronic parts, and to hold these parts in place on the computer. The computer’s memory (RAM,
described below) and processor are attached to the motherboard. Also found on the motherboard is the BIOS
(Basic Input and Output System) chip that is responsible for some fundamental operations of the computer, such
as linking hardware and software. The motherboard also contains a small battery (that looks like a watch
battery) and the chips that work with it to store the system time and some other computer settings.

Drives:-computer’s drives are the devices used for long term storage of information. The main storage area for
a computer is its internal hard drive (also called a hard disk). The computer should also have disk drives for
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some sort of removable storage media. A floppy disk drive was very common until recent years, and is still
found on many older desk top computers. It was replaced by CD-ROM and DVD drives, which have higher
storage capacities. The current standard is a DVD-RW drive, which can both read and write information using
both CD and DVD disks. The USB ports on a computer can also be used to connect other storage devices such
as flash drives and external drives.

Power

Drive
Fan Housing.
The processor is
underneath on
the
RAM

Cards

Figure-8: Inside desktop computer

Cards:-this term is used to describe important tools that allow your computer to connect and communicate with
various inputs and output devices. The term “card” is used because these items are relatively flat in order to fit
into the slots provided in the computer case. A computer will probably have a sound card, a video card, a
network card and a modem.

RAM:-is the abbreviation for random access memory is a memory that is used to store documents while they
are being processed the amount of RAM in a computer is one of the factors that affect the speed of a computer.
RAM attaches to the motherboard via some specific slots. It is important to have the right type of RAM for a
specific computer, as RAM has changed over the years.

Processor:-the processor is the main “brain” of a computer system. It performs all of the instructions and
calculations that are needed and manages the flow of information through a computer. It is also called the CPU
(central processing unit), although this term can also be used to describe a computer case along with all of the
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hardware found inside it. Another name for the processor is a computer “chip” although this term can refer to
other lesser processors (such as the BIOS). Processors are continually evolving and becoming faster and more
powerful. The speed of a processor is measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz

Peripheral Hardware:-peripheral hardware is the name for the computer components that are not found within
the computer case. This includes input devices such as mouse, microphone and keyboard, which carry
information from the computer user to the processor, and output devices such as a monitor, printer and
speakers, which display or transmit information from the computer back to the user.

Computer Ports:-the peripheral hardware mentioned above must attach to the computer so that it can transmit
information from the user to the computer (or vice versa). There are a variety of ports present on a computer for
these attachments. These ports have gradually changed over time as computers have changed to become faster
and easier to work with. Ports also vary with the type of equipment that connects to the ports. A computer lab
manager should become familiar with the most common ports.

Figure-9: ports on the computer system unit

Serial Port:-this port has 9 pin connectors is no longer commonly used, but is found on many older computers.
It was used for printers, mice, modems and a variety of other digital devices.

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Parallel Port:-this long and slender port is also no longer commonly used, but was the most common way of
attaching a printer to a computer until the introduction of USB ports (see below). The most common parallel
port has holes for 25 pins, but other models were also manufactured.

VGA:-the Video Graphics Array port is found on most computers today and is used to connect video display
devices such as monitors and projectors. It has three rows of holes, for a 15 pin connector.

PS/2:-until recently, this type of port was commonly used to connect keyboards and mice to computers. Most
desktop computers have two of these round ports for six pin connectors, one for the mouse and one for the
keyboard.

USB:-the Universal Serial Bus is now the most common type of port on a computer. It can be used to connect
mice, keyboards, printers, and external storage devices such as DVD-RW drives and flash drives.

TRS:-TRS (tip, ring and sleeve) ports are also known as ports for mini-jacks or audio jacks. They are
commonly used to connect audio devices such as headphones and microphones to computers.

Ethernet:-this port, which looks like a slightly wider version of a port for a phone jack, is used to network
computers via category 5 (CAT5) network cable. Although many computers now connect wirelessly, this port
is still the standard for wired networked computers. Some computers also have the narrower port for an actual
phone jack. These are used for modem connections over telephone lines.

B. Software

Computer software is the term used for the instructions that have been programmed to allow a computer to
process information. Software comes in three main categories, described below:

Operating Systems:-These are the basic software programs that are needed to for a computer to work. They
give a computer the basic information needed for it to process and store information. Currently all common
operating systems are also graphical user interfaces (GUIs) which means they use graphics to help the user to
easily input instructions, and open other programs. The most common operating systems (OS) are the Windows
family of operating systems, from Microsoft such as Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and
Windows 7, windows 8, window 8, windows 10.

If we allow our computers to intake harmful materials (such as dust) and programs (such as viruses) and we
don’t keep our software in good condition (updated) then the computer may also end up with significant
problems that are then harder to deal with. Proper maintenance of a computer, on the other hand, can keep it
running smoothly for years and years. Some of the different categories of computer maintenance are described
below.
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Updating (utility) Software:-Software programmers gradually develop updates for their software packages as
they discover problems with the software and design tools to address or fix these problems but is typically most
common and important for operating systems. It is important for a computer user to find and install software
updates in order to have well performing computers. Updating software can be done in a variety of ways
Automatic updates. Automatic alerts updates, manual updating, and Offline updating.

Virus and Malware Prevention and Removal Viruses, spyware and other malicious programs can all be referred
to together as malware. Malware prevention is a significant maintenance task for a computer lab. Without
vigilance, a computer will quickly become prey to malware. It will spread from machine to machine causing
the computers to slow down, work improperly or possibly even stop working altogether.

Application Software:-is an application that is used for performing a specific task. For example, video/audio
player, calculator, browser, and more.

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 CHAPTER THREE

INTERNISHIP ADDITIONAL SKILLS

3.1 Entrepreneurship skill
In the internship time, we improved entrepreneurial skills. Some of the concepts that are used to develop
entrepreneurship skills, we have been gained:-

 Initiative - is one that has motivation to take the initiative and to create things on your own Skills.
 Responsibility - have to be responsible for the action that you are participated in.
 Creativity - create new ideas on work and have a sense of creativity innovation, and always be one step
ahead in idea.
 Communication - have to be able to communicate your ideas, network and connect with others.
 Leadership - need to be able to be the leader and be in the charge of a project or company.

3.2 Improving interpersonal communication skill

This was the big thing that we have gained in those last three months. We developed our communication skills
very well. Improving the communication skill has many great advantages, as we are engineers of the next
generation.

In this organization we have been seen, how the employers are communicating each other in the working area,
which is helpful for intern students like us. Though, we understood that it is important to have a good
communication skill when working with team workers.

3.3 Improving team playing skills

Improving the habit of working in a team increases your team playing skills. In this internship programmer we
have been seen when the workers working together by team and able to solve the problems they faced in the
working area. Therefore, this help us to think working in a team is better than try to do something alone.

3.4 Understanding work ethics

When you getting a job, first you have to believe that it is one of the part of your life. Then you come up with a
feeling of being responsible for your job and you love what you are doing and you able to think what you have
to do next. Though, In the time of we were there, we learning a lot about the work ethics like, arriving on time,
love what we are doing, completing the job early, producing an efficient and qualified result of the given work.

Some important ethical values that should be followed are discussed below.

 Be available on the place to do the work assigned to you.

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 Be polite, patient and respectful to all.
 Be prepared to learn more and update one self.
 Acquire the knowledge and skill necessary to do job assigned to you.
 Be efficient in your work.
 Manage and apply resources efficiently.
 Follow rules, policies and regulations of the work.
 Rejecting negative favor and corruption.

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 CHAPTER FOUR
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
4.1 Conclusion
Based on our experience while we were in the internship, we were able to understand the fact that internship is
the best time for a student to get exposed to the real world. University is generally an ideal world teaching you
all the mathematics and science in a general and broad way.

Watching those things work in reality to solve real life problems would impress anyone. Through internship a
student will leave the ideal world of university and explore what his/her environment looks like. What people
do for living, what the current needs of the surrounding is, how knowledge is transformed into business, and
more importantly how the things you learn will be useful in real applications.

Internship programs expose the student to work in teams, explore working environments of companies in the
surrounding, learn work cultures, work ethics, learn local markets like where to find materials you will need for
your work (this is one unique change the student would get as an intern because no university in Ethiopia
actually gives any information about where to purchase items from local market or aboard).

In addition, a student will get the chance for the first time to starting in terms of producing and delivering
something, working hard and sweating not for some Grade he/she is going to receive but for either financial
benefit, or for the real need to learn something, or for satisfaction. We believe this creates a unique change of
environment for those who needed such environments

The internship program also provides another unique chance for students to test how they would perform in
professional work once they graduate. It gives the student the chance to learn and develop necessary skills other
than the academically that would insure the success in the working environment.

Most students would also be able to observe what unmet and unaddressed problems are in, their surrounding
allowing them to find ways to apply what they have learned to solve those problems.

Most importantly, most students would also decide or conceive their semester and graduating project during the
internship period. Through this unique time of exploring the world, a student will find out his/her capacity,
current and demanding problems waiting for solutions, other attempts to address the issue, professional
suggestions from qualified staffs, market places for hardware equipment’s, very important networks and
connections, and other countless important aspects that would help the student to discover their talent and
applicable projects.
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Furthermore, in this time, most students would find their hiring companies too. Some companies like OBN
headed towards shaping interns so that they would get skilled and ethical man power for their need.
Additionally, interns would also make so many important networks and connections that would prove fruitful
for their future.

So our final conclusion will be that internship is one of the most quality times any student can have during
his/her academic stay. So both students and the university should give the outmost respect and attention for
invaluable program.

Specifically, we think OBN organization one of the best places any intern could find to develop overall life
skills, and also the best company to work with.

4.2 Recommendation
After saying all those above things in our report, we want to tell you that internship program is the most
important thing to teach the students more. Lastly, we have some recommendation for the organization and
university.

For the university:-honestly speaking our university is the fastest for providing internship facilities for the
student. But, rather than sending the student to the organization, it didn’t try to check whether the organization
that they got accepted, educate them well or not. We think it is better if this thing is taken into account when the
students are sent to the organization.

In light of our recommendation for companies, OBN let us to know a lot. But, for the security reason we don’t
allowed to enter a phone or any computer which prevent us from getting any internet access. And also as chance
we didn’t get any free computer for use in their library. Even if we downloaded a file by using their computer,
there is no way to get out that file.

Some other problems are:

a) The storage, which is in use, is very small when compared to current storage material used in the world.

b) Their data center room is too narrow, which is not suitable for their work.

c) Even if their works are periodical, there is no punctuality.

d) There is a shortage of workers in the ICT department which leads them into inefficient result and job
overload on an individual.

e) Some of the ICT department instructors don’t have enough teaching experience for serving the students.

f) They don’t have clear and easily understandable document of their company details.
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g) They use paper based ONAIR DATA TRAFFIC CONTROL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

By looking the disadvantage of the paper based ONAIR DATA TRAFFIC CONTROL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM, we raised the idea to replace it to a digital system by building a web application. Due to the
following problems it was difficult for us to solve it:

 Lack of enough time for staying there.

 Lack of computer with internet access.

So, we would like to recommend OBN to take into account these all things and try solve them:

 It is better to prepare a documented data that explain the full details of the company.
 Providing the library with enough number of computers for the students to use it properly.
 Providing instructors with greater technical knowledge for the intern students.

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References
[1] Martin Bates “introduction to Microelectronic system”, The PIC16F877A

Microcontroller system security Eng., Vol. 3 No1, October 2000.pp4-8.

[2] www.freepatentonline.com/History_locks and safe/5775142.html, pp.3-6.

[3] Stan D’Souza, “multiplexing LED drive and a 4X4 Keypad Sampling’’, Microchip

Technology Inc. Application Note 529, DS000529E, November 1997, pp 27.

[4] Tutorial & Reference for 8052, http://www.8052.com. pp27

[5] PIC Microcontrollers for beginners, www.MicroElektronika.com, chapter 2.html

[6] Datasheet For “PIC16F87X 28/40-Pin 8-bit CMOS FLASH Microcontroller”

www.microchip.com

[7] “PIC Micro Mid-range Microcontroller family Reference Manual”, DS33023A,

Microchip Technologic December 1997,

[8]https://www.quora.com

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