TEORI BAHASA INGGRIS / Agustin Widiani, SS., M.Hum.

PRESENT TENSE

1. PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE

Kalimat ini menggambarkan perbuatan yang biasa dilakukan atau rutin

terjadi. Biasanya diikuti keterangan waktu (Signal time): always, often,

seldom, rarely, some times.

Yang perlu diperhatikan dalam menyusun kalimat dengan tense present simple

adalah kata kerjanya. Ada penambahan -s/-es pada kata kerjanya jika

subjeknya:

SUBJECT VERB PRESENT SIMPLE Jika kalimatnya

adalah kalimat
nominal gunakan verb
to be
I am

You Verb1 are

We
They
Subject Plural (jamak)
He
She Verb + -s/-es is
It
Subject singular (tunggal)
Untuk membuat kalimat negatif dan kalimat tanya, dibutuhkan kata kerja

bantu (auxiliary). Untuk present simple tense kata kerja bantu yang

digunakan adalah do dan does. Penggunaan do dan does tergantung pada

subjeknya:
SUBJECT AUXILIARY Untuk kalimat nominal
I am/am not
Do/Don’t
You
We Are/aren’t
They
Subject Plural (jamak)
He
She Does/Doesn’t Is/isn’t
It
Subject singular
(tunggal)

FORMULA (rumus):

Kalimat positif (+) : kalimat verbal : S + V1/V+ -s/es

kalimat nominal S + verb to be + adjective

Kalimat negatif (-) : kalimat verbal: S + Don’t/Doesn’t

kalimat nominal S + verb to be + not + adjective

Kalimat tanya/interogatif (?): kalimat verbal; Do/Does + S + V 1

kalimat nominal verb to be + S + adjective

Examples: (+) I go to school

(-) I don’t go to school

(?) Do you go to school?

(+) He goes to school

(-) He doesn’t go to school

(?) Does he go to school?

(+) She is beautiful

 (-) She isn’t beautiful

(?) Is she beautiful?

Pembagian Present tense: Present simple tense juga akan digunakan dalam

kalimat yang menunjukkan:

1. Habitual; examples; The teacher teaches in the school.

The singer sings a beautiful song.

2. Neutral (kodrati); examples: He is a boy.

The sun rises in the east.

3. Action x profession ;example; the teacher sings in the stage

EXERCISES (latihan):

1. CORRECT THE WRONG SENTENCES! (koreksilah bagian yang salah dari

kalimat-kalimat berikut ini)
a. Everyday my mother and my father goes to the market together.
b. I eats rice everyday.
c. My mother often buy vegetables in the green grocery.
d. Those books is belong to me.
e. My sister is always reads a novel.
f. My cat are afraid of dog.
g. They are always sing together.

2. Choose the correct verb/verb to be! (pilihlah kata kerja /to be yang tepat!)

Mr Julian (is, are,am) a teacher. He (teach, teaches,teaching) English. He (have,

has, having) a son and a daughter. He (work, works, working) from 7 in the
morning to 4 am. After teaching he (study, studies, studying) Japanese
language in a course. He (is,am,are) a busy man. But, he always (have, has,
having) dinner with his family. He always says: I (love, loves, loving)my job.

3. Make the negative of the sentence in point 2 above! (buatlah kalimat negatif
dari paragraph di soal nomor dua!)