ELECTRONICS © WEARABLES © MICROCONTROLLERS ECTS Paoli SINTEL'S EDISON The Maker- Friendly, Stamp-Sized Computer m™ MECH RUNNER Building a 25mph Boot \ Af makezine.com[WEEKEND PROJECTS aweRen BY Q== BE SAFE, BE BRIGHT AND LOOK COOL 100! Build the EL Cycle. STEVE HOBLEY HAROWARE HACKER When you go fora bicycle ride at night, ‘output voltage will then be transformed Fast. afem words abot steppe moras. They ically you want tobe visible to other cyclists, into 1OD*VAC needed toiluminate two erences apace pedestrians and vehicles onthe road, _sections of ELwie. imately, you'l deo andyen Oi ors ao, This isnot only for your safety but for need to make some adjustments to the ieameematate ee Sree others as well. Popular options include design of the project to accommodate ‘purchase hen onine on Motortype KPSEKM2-O18s solid or flashing front and rear lights, your bioycle’s geometry and mounting poe eerbo pilin tenet reflective or brightly colored outerwear points, but the schematic—located at ‘resistance and the motor tums froey then you probably and LED accessories designed to attach to _http:/m8k.me/tEtin2m—remains the awards ena wes aneroputn ‘everything from wheel spokes to valvecaps. same. You'll also require basic workshop ‘askis find which wiresare the collends. Youcan use age ck Sates exeneat meteor ele et LEDs and other light sources typically and standard hardware for fitting infint! resistance betwen them. Thaseare the cals require a battery, which has to be everything together. “ents anil ve ste mos power utpat Once you continually recharged or replaced. But icuauplateghtatie un paauyleses bbelhichaalahibl eine fous anor tarp light—from the very act of bicycing? . TOw20V wher nga ‘Turn that pedal-power into electricity to illuminate two strands of EL wire wrapped around a bicycle frame. It looks ‘reat and provides everyone else with (ceyouvefounda goad mato thenet steps finda whe. hineskate atidd visibility of you and your ride. eco pres rir Sy remot nrg fr anne : hod iy pokingeat tw nserwithapan Than wonsdto findawayot cau te whet thentor spd measured he berate Did | mention how cool it looks? ‘pndle sles sane plywodto seas ishing, Atthe heart of EL Cycle isa bipolar stepper motor—a brushless DC electric, motor When couple with aninine skate Having uote upouwhed he ex raskistopreprethe ansforers. Were ging tus va wheel that rotates by rubbing up against ‘transformers as stand-alone parts or salvage them from AC power adapters. [recommend a transformer tho ory ran ee will provide you with continuous power side and the EL wire tothe HIGH vottage sie, Wired lke this, the transformer will ake our motor output elosie,|used seme UA pywan, sed #6 wed eons (/8"lng Ye arac thotrnatrmer to the pyc. eu Euroconsectr into two 4-arinl ec nwt toro (LOW valtageend ack (WH vias ta these locks, Use rubber ands obo he Exacaneceboesin place, AdvertorialBuild the EL Cycle. radioshack com/DIT PARTS EL Wire Bue (2) RadioShack Insulated conduit holders" and two of each Power inverter for ELwire/tapelpanel (2) RatoShack Vinyl tubing > 12-position European-style mini terminal strip RadioShack Enclosure RadioShack: D Zener diode (4) RaoShack Heat shrink tung RadioShack Transformer (2) RadioShack ‘Speaker wire 2-onductor search RadioShack. om for ‘speaker wis” 1 plywood uber bands Inn skate wheat intes RadioShack #6 wood screws Bipolar stepper mator > i nuts and bolts Adhesive tape Bicycle TOOLS > Solderingivon RadioShack Halping hands RadiShack ‘Adjustable wrench © Vise O Solder RadioShack Heat gun RadioShack © Drill an dri bits Wire stripperfoutter RadioShack Philips screnriver ) Saw a laser eutter Thel2¥ Zee dads ae arnected ith theca nectad—thiswllthe A waveform at heap: ‘atom ofthe ee. sled thon, wrapped thai l kb and coneed thon ar 6 LO steer as, i thease wo po ented the enlsure invertors fre hou ad ante! hata black (HH lag emia beck. Latte EL wire willbe con leads. Eachoheseofthamnrisclea civ ent igh powerte tala 20'e EL wie, hihi und the a O Next weave to couple th tapperto the bike frame otha the rear wheal es ri 4 hema and light he wr, The metal pate bs hatcomes wit the enclosures & eextingabracerto bald i i racket thei a“ Noun! heeosta th seat tbeandthe Teper vivo theta This prided protectin rth EL ie Soe QaCOLUMNS Welcome 08 Reader oweredrand Input 09 Protyaphy 8 Teman ¥ Bring the Bids Back Home 10 onshore manutacturing Fully Immersed 11 creator of Nomi The Worst Maker in the Room 12 Made on Earth 14 echnaogy Over the Top 112 i ty Intel Edison: Rapid Prototype 26 . The surprising maker b c tiny. pomertulcome ASmorgas-Board 22 Photographic Memory 28 Wearables and oT are crving dversity inthe | Teach to spat faces DIY Conductive Ink 20, Underware 53 Mic rade batch using som doderm are the cutting ed basic chemistry sl wearabl =“ Under the Hood 34 Open-Source Smartwatch 54 a de Build acon ach rom of at components an break Body Boards 35 Onna a taeoe lee, Captivating Couture 5 * From mood-sensing displays to stunning » Projects on the Runway 36 sho ure of feahion she SESS aT Mind-Reading Beanie 60 Get Your GIF On 61 What to Sense 38 Download animot Leo 4Fun Flora Projects 42 nats and wear Brin oie vith this rmakershed.comBue uP Ge oT UP BOX” 3D PRINTER UP for Everyone www.UP3D.com MAKING MADE EASY... NOW WITH BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY CoN arao ye Rede! sst $49 at parts.arrow.comCONTENTS SKILL BUILDERS Digitat Potentiometer 94 Create patterns in ight and Extreme Zoom 98 Howto Usea Breadboard 100 PROJECTS Shishi-Odoshi Rocking Fountain 62 with gentla knocking DIY “Magic Shel Chocolate Dip 65 Macically hardens: Dirty Dish Detector 66 Use real-tim soft tatreck dh pe-ups Maker Trainer R/C Airplanes 68 Butea Smart Rat Trap 72 canturyroden contol Infrared Shooting Arcade 76 rood them thiR LED Build-a-Bin Customizable Picking Bins 78 3 Fun Things toCNC 79 The fli u ih irt Backyard Climbing Wall 80 mil give ida real airing wal hot cubles 36a his’ playground Workshop Light Doorbell 81 Can't hear the door? Hack a less dootbel for visual cue Tracking Planes with RTL-SDR 82 Map commercial ight in saltware-deined radio. Remaking History 84 Yfrevetardants. When Projects Fail 86 How a project gone wrong ted o-acafeet in science and tech Sure-Fire Projects for Young Makers 88 Hon to make full-body stop motion animati 123: Keyboard Refrigerator Magnets 89 Use old keyboards to make alphabet refrigerator magnet Crypto Currency Tracker 90 Know the current values of dgtal currencies in real-tim jox Fan Beef Jerky 91 Use an ordinary box fan and ai 3 Printer Hacks and Mods 92 Get the most from your 30 Toy Inventor's Notebook 93 Make a magic, moving Vale tine’ Day card makezinecom/43 TOOLBOX Tool Reviews 102 Recommendations for unigu and useful maker toals, to {and materials. New Maker Tech 105 the horizan for electronic Books 106 Text tools fr your b vedside table 30 Printer Reviews 108 We test 30 rmakershed.com~_>MAKEZINE.COM/SUBSCRIBE“The urge to miniaturize electronics did not ‘exist before the space program. mean, my ‘our grandparents had radios that were uriture in the living room. Nobody at the ‘time was saying, gee, | want to carry that inmy pocket’” Nell deGrasse Tyson {regg Brockway SasonBabler Sherry Huss corona ea Temenos enon RAR cae Mike Senese evoeo seuoraaes Imley wikinsen eather Harmen —_cusToven serve Minton snrowecron Pa suesgiewn— R semesenatie onan oR Siann Brow KatleD.Kunde Mann Kelly Thornton cateb rat cesoven leneasess " es caleba ae Shucsumotws AUREL OTON gaming anon coro PHaTOORAPHER eeencrre, Michael Castor rro0ucen Reteesenraine inéy Lum Nepsvadia Brigite Kunde sssocuresccuces baulse Glasgow Ryan Austin Keith Hammond Tyler Wiegarnar curscevccs — ATAMMABCK —Srinaerio iri chne wocoonsrven ani MARKETING = weTNDS rR Ecru ea egeaceoewroe Bdge ne aretaterse watson Miranda su fon even. eon sane Vickie Weteh cones Daven Marteevincent i acynertouans | PROORAMS HOTALFABRATONEDTOR angoi mc cTOR ms on puausieo ey ‘anna Kazlunas France ii commence SuzanneHuston echt mtubinka wees 01 Sea murst aucrogor ow ne YSRIREPOTOF ——wamneresernces DaleDovgherty ovr ssrayr la Whitmer KellyPeters Johanna Nuding corgicz (craig Couden sewor es cesonen owacronor veanyerwontuarons Regence conveoron Josh Wright ‘eens Sees Lurie Barton wea proavetas| rickMeCarthy Sarah Siagle Bact ta unisice 000 Bi olson Enea Brian Jepson David Beauchamp CONTRIBUTORS eanaenew noe Whats plece of wearable technology tat you woud tke to have but that does exist ved? ‘Shirmen sex frormere,”” Cae Mare en, Say elke a fitness: “M : earn Geese” | fetestone | ee | Ss ch febomisreee, ream | pagers | rate | stem | emmy | lens Reefer, Seems, | compos, | rege | mts | atte | Saaeee Wihecrcetgerei | cepts | been | mwas | ty | atten resin litetnetedy | oroatsteaiaw | oteraccessores | Pater —Aovodd | UE.USa. anda eer te ‘activity Itcould | making huge ‘trading business | handywhentry- | Clothing needs feoxbans Son Soret Tellme cetais, | Ueapsovermites. | andcontact ingtoavoidary | fistsurfaces, so mre Se, ee ee eet | eae CESMSISGRSIENetlows on ttn, Inaprenday, | Boctstpage ds) | hand Theendsof | "could secretly eerie wearmancal | sobsetatry | Gngersteas | boomy cm ae - Bi was overhanging, | meansoffuture | alsoglow. mak- ‘drinks at the pub. am Betis a a |e oom a eager =<. con snaleae. © makershed.comORV Maker Profile JDS Labs in Glen Carbon, Illinois, ‘makes high-end DIY amplifiers and objective digitato-analog converters (ODAC) based on ‘open source hardware designs. Founder john Seaber is using his ‘Tormach PCNC 770 to streamline the manufacturing process and produce high-quality products for the image-conscious audiophile marketplace. Torah PONG 770 Sees 3 seta S6B50 “For vs, product appearance is just as imporeant as sound quali audiophiles will return a product that performs well because it's visually Unpleasant. Cases we machine in-house higher quality than those we had ‘machined by outside shops, because we now have the ability to iterate design and ‘manufacturing changes” Tormach PCNC mils are the utente maker machings, Whether youre @ maker, fader, innovate, Dulder a TTormach PCNC wil enable your ideas wth real GNC capetiliy and precision. Cont lot your tools hold back your inngvetion ~ vist ven tormach.com. Read the full story at: www.tormach.comijdslabs ee eT ae eye ves fastest, 30 printer ofits kind > PRINTS pesrwam nAA 20> 30 Printers “ Ipfrg.com create The Future ot a osama EHS é.. wn Pirclee Qrorene oM, aremien | wuyrnit: Secegteats (SSIS ‘one et gg a ee noe eeeREADER INPUT DIY Lego Cars and Google Glass, and a More Balanced Makerspace this is nitpicking, but the “Geek Club’ image on page 29 of [Make: Volume 40] has some Pere oat gender hold (big assumption, | know!), there Se ene Can Pee a ea Ce eee ny women are at sewing machines. What's with Deeg eee el De nea ere ns Ee Preset ae eg See eee een ea a og ee eee eee aed Pe eee ee ete ur ete es acer Beyond the illustration, though, we do havea re ee ed Cee a ere eee) ee gee ee een Pee eT » Hollo, my name is Clayton. lam I3 years ld, Over the last 2 months Ihave been working on a DIY Google [Make] Volume 38's section on High Tech DIY.Using an Arduino Esplora and Arduino robot screen Ihave made glasses that have three voice controls, software, and temperature. I mounted the Esploca on the side of glasses |3D-printed earlier and puta headband on thebackto keep from tipping to one side are extremely comfortable. Inf them around my house and tel my parents the temperature ust for fun! Clayton, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada FROM THE TWITTERVERSE: 2 Inspired by the cover of newest issue of mag, kiddo made this de-moto run Lego car tonight. Runs; MAKE AMENDS: KNOW you are aware of this, but on page 86 of Volume 41, Dan Spangler says you get “several thousand pounds per square inch af hold-down force securing your workpiece" when you use a vacuum table on your CNC router. That would be nice, butt ain't possible. I'm sure it was a type or editing erro, right? Kern Hansen Port Townsend, WA [AUTHOR DAN SPANGLER REPLIES: Of course you're correct Kevin, what meant was several thousand pounds of hld-down force securing the entire workpiece on a ‘ypleal router bed. Thanks forthe sharp eye, In the Tinkering Toys guide in Make: Vol 41, we erroneously named the wood-plank and brackets set on page 99 as Kapla Blocks. These in fact are from Brackitz (brackitz com), with prices starting at $30. Our apologies. © rmakershed.commakezine.com/43, [AS AMAKER, TENAYA HURST IS ALLIN. She's got her own website witha store that sels electronic kits, Her personality shines ina rap video she produced and starredin called "Im So Maker.” She goes by @arduinowoman an Twitter. She teaches a wide range of workshops for adults and children at summer camps and rmakerspaces. She calls her business Rogue Making, and she s an evangelist fr the ‘company that praduces Linino,a gig she get through a connection made at her frst Maker Faire. Tenaya says that she's always been a maker, yet she recalls the specific day when she discovered olectronics.It ‘was March 16,2013, She was atthe Tech Museum of Innovation in San Jose where she worked as a lab instructor and was asked to participate asa facilitator nan Open Make session, Her colleague, Romie Littrell, had created ‘a conductive lab coat that could be “played! like a musical instrument, just by touching it. He explained that he had put an Arduino in the pocket ofthe coat and used pieces of conductive fabric as sensors, ‘When you shook someone's hand, which grounded the circuit, person could ‘play’ the pads by touching ther,” says Tenaya, “It generated all kinds of sounds,” The lab coat was a revelation to her and an intraduetion to the world of wearables, “My mind was character echo +//1otdk. intel .con/repos /1-4/ Antelgalactic™ > /etc/opkg/intel-dotde.conf “sre intel-iotdk htt Update the package repository, then upgrade al the packages: pkg update opkg upgrade 4, ADD AN UNOFFICIAL PACKAGE REPOSITORY ‘Access to every package isnot available without adding repository locations to the aokg/base-feeds conf file. By doing this, you'ladd an enormous number of campiled applications, saving you the hassle of comping rom source, NOTES Uf epostris ae quite common across most iu istbtions. ‘Add the following lines to base-feeds con fecho "src/gz all http://repo.opkg.net/edison/repo/all src/e2. eaison http://repo.opkg. net/edison/repo/edison sre/gz core2-32 http://repo.opkg.net/edison/repo/core2 32" >> (evc/opkg/base-feeds.cont Update the repository index again, since you just added n: 2) makershed.commakezine.comn/wires-and-thread package locations: pkg update Next, install NumPy, OpenCY, and OpenCv-Python. pkg install python-nunpy opency python-opency nano That's it! ll the necessary packages are installed, Time to start hacking code! 5. PROGRAMMING WITH PYTHON AND OPENCV Launch nano and specify filename to use. Then import the 3 required Python libraries: nano ~/FaceDetection.py import unpy Amport v2 import urllib Dowmicad and place our sarnple photo [seen here at right)in the Edison's web server directory with the new filename, injog. print ("Downloading Tnages and Necessary Files") urllib.uriretrieve(http://cdn-makezine..com/make/43/ Intel_CES_Tean.png, '/usr/1ib/edison_confg tools/ public/in. dpe") Next, downlead the XML file that defines the parameters forthe Sa Cee tt) Open facial-recagrition algorithm. This ile is also saved to the public directory ofthe Edison's web server as haarcascade_frontal ace_altxm the original color image, which you'l save as a new fie: Uurlldb.urlretrieve(*hetps://rau.githubusercontent.com/ | for (x,y,wsh) in Faces: rtseez/opency/master/data/naarcascades/haarcascade_ ev2srectangle (ine, (x,y), (xtwsy¥h) (255,858) 2) Frontalface_alt.xnl", '/usr/Lib/edison_config_tools/ v2. imurite("n_facefound.png’ ing) public/naareascade frontalface_alt.xm') Finally, save the text file by pressing Cirl-X on your keyboard, When prompted to save the fil, type ¥ and Enter. Import the photo using OpenC¥ and convert it to grayscale for use in the facial-recognition process: Ang = cv2.nread( /usr/lib/edison_confg_tools/ 6. WEB PAGE SETUP public/in. jpg") Download a simple HTML fle which wl display the pre- and post Bray = cv2-cvtColon(iag,c¥2.COLOR_SGRZGRAY) processed images on the Edison's onboard web server wget hetp://edn.makezine .com/nake/43/Opencv. hts] Using the Open ibraries, create the facial-recognition algorithm ‘and process the grayscale image: Change directories tothe web server's public directory: Facecascade = cd /use/Iib/edison_confe_tools /p4 cv2.CascadeClassitier(‘haarcascade_frontalface_ alt.xnt") ‘7.VIEWING THE IMAGES faces = Now head on over to httpl/edison local/OpenV.htm\ to view the facecascade.detecttultiscale(gray, scaleFactor=1.2,ninl eighbors-5, iminsizes(30, 36), flags = cv2.cv.CV_HAAR_SCALE_INAGE) Before and After images, with a box around each detected face! GOING FURTHER "Now that OpenCV and Python are configured on your Edison, be The faces variable now contains an array of rectangular coordi- | sure to see the official documentation for great example code and nates that surround each face that OpenCyV found inthe image. ideas at makezine.com/ao/opency-python-tutoriais, Open can ‘These coordinates are then used to draw a box around each face in| detect all kinds of shapes, analyze video, and much more. @ makezine.com 2makezine.com/wires-and-thread IW iate] OR Malena -aparclelon some basic chemist ‘THANKS TO RECENT SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES, YOU CAN BUY CONDUCTIVE INKS IN THE FORM OF PENS, PAINTS, AND EVEN PRINTER CARTRIDGES, but have you ever wondered ifyou could make your own? You can, and following a simple process devel oped by the University o llinois Urbana-Cham paign Materials Research Laboratory is actualy quite easy ta produce the conductive ink at home. The following steps have been adapted from the UIUC paper titled “Reactive Silver Inks for Patterning High-Conductivty Features at Mild Temperatures,” and have been simplified for the ‘amateur chemist. CAUTION: +. he PREPARATION Clean all glassware and tools and lay them aut on your work surface tis important to read through all ofthe steps, and make sure that you under: stand them thoroughly before beginning ‘1. MAKE A VORTEX MIXER Rather than using an expensive laboratory vortex ‘mixer, you can make your ovn using 22" belt and a circular piece of wood Cut circle approximately 2%" in diameter from ‘apiece of "thick wood, Dilla centered hale lange enough to fit the shaft of the 2" bolt. Drilla second '4" hole halfway into the wood, slighty off-center and overlapping the centered hole (Figure @) Place the 2" bolt in a bench vise, and then use a hacksaw to remove the bolt head, Insert the bolt shaft inte the center hole untitis lush with the bottom ofthe 4" hole, and then secure it with hot glue. 2. MAKE THE INK Pour oughly 3m of ammonium hydrovde into ‘glass beaker. Using a dispensing syringe, draw exactly 2.5m out ofthe beaker and deposititnto the testtube Figure @) Place the veght boat ona dgtal scale and tare the scale, Measure out exactly 1g of ster acetate powder Figure @) and peuritinto the test tube Insert the bolt of your homemade vortex mixer into the elcricril Halding the top ofthe tet tube firmly place the base ofthe test tube against the tein the vortex miter Figure @). Siwy in- Pour appreximately 0 5mL of formic acid into a second glass beaker: Using anew dispensing sytinge, draw exactly 0.2m of formic acid out of the beaker (Figure @ Drip one drop of formic acid into the mixed solution inthe test tube (Figure @, then vortex ‘mix using the same method from step 2. Repeat this process until all 0.2mb of formic acid has been mixed After mixing, the solution wil be a gray or Black color. Place a stopper inthe top ofthe test tube, and set the test tube aside to react for at least 12 hours Figure @, following pagel makezine.com 2PECIAL ~ ECTION . 3. FILTER THEINK the material have asmaoth surface ‘Aer 12 hours the solution should lookeclear with | Using a paintbrush, apply theink to your mat gray sediment over particesinthe bottom | riaof chic: a stencil can be used to create com- Figure. inrderto use the nkin anit | plexpafters Alowthe nto ry nt tums toa printer orairush, these partles mustbe | dl gray clr filtered out to avoid cogging. Hea the material to 90°C (192° for atleast 15 Removethe plunger fm answcispencing | minutes, You can use toaster oven oho pate syringe and place a.2ym syringe fiteronte the | asa heat cure. Syringe ip. Fil the syringe with the prefered solution, and replace the syringe plunger Pressing slowybutfrmiy onthe plunger, force ae een. the slution through the filter and nt a glass vial for storage (Figure @). TIPS FOR USE 4, USING THE INK The inks quite fragile and wil easily scratch off Before using the ink i'simportanttochoose_| mast materials Toincrease adherence, scl the suitable material to depostitont.In | target surface before ink application. Once the nk ‘order to boost the conductivity of is dry, apply clear rail polish to pretectthe traces. the init must be heated 1 90°C Unfortunately, you can't solder ant the dry {192°F] sony material you ink, as molten solder wil leach the ster coating choose must be abietowith- | away If youhave aCicuitWritarsiber-based ink stand atleast that much heat. | pen, you can use ito create pads onthe traces, Using this inkon porous | which can then be carefully soldered to.@ ‘materials such as paper or fabric wil notresultina | For complete step-by-step instructions and conductive coating, soit | photos see makezine.cor/diy-conducive-nk is recommended that 1 makershed.comMaker Shed The official store of Make: a7 ae ne ac bape iS ninaPECIAL ECTION Ca BODIES ARENT STATIC, THEY DONT HAVE STRAIGHT LINES, andaaftera whi they tend to get dirty, So wearable systems embed- ddedin garments, and accessories hhave tobe robust, flexible, and, ideally, washable {or atleast remov- able). Here's {ook under the hood — or hoodie, asitwere—at the main compo- nents of wearable devices. CONTROL ‘Weareble-spectic microcontrollers are small s0as abe comfortable and discrete, On the ther hand the estinetive shapes and colors can funtion a a decorative element Several of boards available are hand washable Imus the ower source. Read the documentation caretuly 2. INPUT/OUTPUT Inplace of pins, these board have metal eyelets ‘which you can loop conductive thread through to ‘sew sot cet connectons. Some boars also hove snaps — or eyelets arge enoughto solder on snaps — for easy remo. CONDUCTIVE TEXTILES ‘A material containing metals such as iver or ‘Stainless sea, through whieh an electrical cur rent can low is sad to be conductive, Wearable ‘jstems can make use ofthese mateialsin a variety of ways, sucha: + Thread for making circuits + Fabric for capacitive tou HE HOODIE mY, alk: 4. SENSORS Sensors gather information about the environ ‘mani, the user oF bath Examgles ofthe former include gh, temperature, mation ACC}, and location [GPSI. Examples of te latter include heart ate (ECG, brain waves (EES), and muscle tension EMG) A few wearable microcontrollers have asic sensors onboard, Other manufactur ts offer a range of external sensor modules that connect to the main beard 5. POWER When scoping outa wearable dsign ane othe first things to consider ste power requirement Do you jst watt illuminate a few LEDs, or do Youwwant to runa servomotor? Boards than Integrated hlder fora lithium cin btery are nice fr low-power projects thal need tobe sel contained, However boards witha standard JST connector (ith or without circu charge LPO batteries} are more versatile. Racca ters 6. ACTUATORS (One generic way todescrbe a wearable system is In asponsetoX, where Xs the input ram 2 seneor, happens, Actuators such 25 LEDS, bu fers oF speakers, and servomtors are what ma things happen. 7. NETWORKING To communicate wih smart devices the internet, crothor wearable systems, younced wireless connect adden to vif and Bluetooth, wearable-riendly options include: ‘BLE, which as lower power consumption ‘than classic Bluetooth, range of 5m, a ata transmission rate upta 1 Mops ‘+ NFC,a radiofrequency field witha range of ‘approximately 20cm and data transmission rate upto about 400 Keps@het 107A oer 1 aa er eea eel peter LILYPAD ARDUINO ONES to < sie sesartmaontaupre WATCH From the easy-t0-sewtabs tothe fct that itis washable, the LilyPad. remains great choice for projets that need to work with e-texes. There ar four core boards With 2 pins, si analog, the Main board ishandyfyou | | RINTOO reed alo of nputs and output for your projet. The othr three boards + S2b vse com/brinso hove 11 pins, four anatag |The Simple and SimpleSnap are the same boars “Dimongane 198138" astaras code is concerned, but the Snap has permanently atached LiPo battery and snap tabs that allow tebe easily removed. The USB version has a LiPo charge circuit. The real poner af LijPad san ecosystem that features numerous sensors and outputs, rom switches toXBee breakouts XADOW + $20makerine.com/go/xadow ‘Dimensions 10.8" ‘Seeed's Xadow has a diverse selection of compatible modules, from a ba- Printoo is currently the only rometrtoaW sersort3 ll GPSantenna Thin paie connectors sed | NNR MEME toatach he various modules ean Rely vie maintaining tabi, SRT Har meat ‘le fom fat The eit ike faq tine FLORA inthe maker ae, ‘lesible peper-thin oe + $20 adatruconproducl659 “Sinenone 175 and conti afte th design lus sia tothe LyPad hearty senble motes thy inte fe hese ‘available for the Flora — from high-end GPS antennas to color light sensors wil be realy helpful in more — gives the system an edge when complex functionality is required. discrete projects. daft so mates the darter Gemma at 69 gt opto or sal permanent projects that ont request of /O. An upcoming Arn IDE BITALINO Aipported erlnwl atu an ne nth and mere USE comes. PSsmseres Stenson TINYLILY MINI + $10tiny-cireits.com/pro + Dimensions 0.55" a, nytt “The TinyLily Mini rom TinyCircuits puts surprising power and VO options ‘Ma cunt aval intoa de sized package Is compatible wit LivPad an Aino have SS TAIGarrte le ‘ever 2 micro-USB adapters required to unload sketches, teas th 8, DA, accelerometer. an ight style kt with th inal tinsensng modoles detached. SQUAREWEAR ‘ut the people bin it ane + $22 rayshoby.ne/caraqrwear-20 ‘euch ana Kikstatr + Dimensions 1.7» 1.7 campaign tration ‘The open-suree, Aruino-compatible SquareWear 2.0 pack 3 atnto a they caling Bina compact ooipan, Rather than having an ecosystem ot appable modules, fed | elton al they) all itsitended as an alin one solution. thas buon mi US, recharge earaistaiect ani able von com battery and onboard ight and temperature sens eee makezine.com 35eee Pe tiel} Peed renee) ct pore Nine designers blending appare Pac) PRA aca ‘ON THE RUNWAY IS OFTEN A CON- Cea Caran Aeneas Pree ees ‘The projects they create can anticipate where consumer technology is headed. eee rs Cees Poe nae \ Ce eed i ‘saw that fashion and making go hand 7 Ras Ce nue Ley ere eee es Ce eee eee) ed Preoecg us Seay x oer ‘or something totally new? Grab the Peters oneness Pen ny Perera ee Peat Pann eens > Cans Peer edie Uo Bev 3: C339 eeu aan Land technology erg ay nr i) PernaFORWARD Sebastian Pn Tena rey BS oie} Pi ci re conceptual wart Cece cciuy * were domes RUC ea oui Uc ae ei rnd ) \ Cas Hf Pocay , Set LP SL b. ee Cet Pang MeO POD ers Pet Be WV camaits atts satice Perse Pcaprofessor Cee Beene ornare eres cements How to select ¢ and use CSenisvolass in wearable electronics WHAT TO _ SENSE IT'S EASY TO HEAR ABOUT A COOL, Sea aes cin Se en eared een nents Pierce Ce ee i Ce er en ee ed ee mee When working with sensors, 2 good Pee ee ae ec Ce a eee ae ees rece eee es + "What different sensor (or sensors) could es SCL Cie re ee eee) Senet erento Seer ano SO cee Te Oe a een ay Ce ee aed en eee ee ee Nee eee ans re et ee st have a project idea in mind, you should go Sere cee sees ett ind Cee ery Cee eer ion! Set eee eer Cee od See cy tes ee res eee eee es ro eee eee ‘The biggest challenges in working with flex sensors are positioning and protection, ete Ci CO nee LesPositioned inthe sare place on your elbow ‘everytime. Creating a secure pocket forthe Ee ee ea pe geen ad SE flexing is a pretty rigorous and strenu- ee ee ny Cea eee ere cet cre ee ee eT De eee en eee are Se ee eee Frere, mogen Heap, Seb Madgwick, Tom ee rae ee ea ees fied tod Bodies often touch and get touched. One CO ed force-sensing resistors (FSR). FSRs have a De ee eer Se ee eee ener eri Sees ee ee) eet eee ee eee FIGURE @: FSR circuit diagram ee eed ee eee ae Ce eee ed ee eed ee See eed STRETCH Se ene ce ey Re eae er iter) Se eco! Ce tet nT Se ec eg is simply a conductive rubber cord whose eee eee ees Se ee eo cro pore) Se ed Cee eee eae oc eee rere eter ty itby the meter and cut it to whatever length et Fe aed See oat with. They can also be elegantly incorporat- eee a FIGURE i: “Acolia” by Sarah Kettley, CT ee ea Ae teats er eee |Te ea Ee een Fa SU el PANIES NCL) People are active and mobile creatures. Sen a eos ‘ward loud noises, and crouch down to Cette n Ce eee ee Pree ee ets nr ono ars Dee eet eesy Fe ea ee err Peete But there are also far more sophisticated ‘sensors that you can use. Accelerometers measure acceleration or changes in speed Cpe tes SS ee a ers Cee eat eee er ie ee ceo Serene reas sure acceleration onthe X,Y, and Z plane eee ea erometer, ADXL 235, Flora Accelerometer eee eT Cet cece Le Cee eett ee ee Cree et are PE Ee ce ere tert td Dene een en Re eer Cee eon’ Gre on ee eect Gs ae re a Cea Da UE a Lace} Your heart beats faster when you're exited, Se a eeu aa nt Fee es Se ene Reet et ts happening within someone's body. A great place to start sensing these biometrics is pulse or heart rate Optical heart rate-sensors, such as the ee ees ost solution for measuring pulse. This De eer ee {low of blood, usually ina finger or earlobe. ence ee eed Pere tee ee oa ete varying analog voltage that can be read by pena euz ets CT ae FIGURE @: Pulse sensor circuit dagram Cee ee pee tet eta Cee ee Rey Poe etnaheart through two conductive electrodes ened Se eee Cee ae een ee CeCe ee ey heartbeat. Go gn ed Fe eae ord a custom-designed, printed circuit board eee ee eer es Polar heart rate monitor band and blinks in eed PTA ‘Sometimes you will want to know how Ce ee ud body. Proximity sensors are useful for detecting nearby objects, walls, or even een eee eee Pe rts Ce ee eee ete tc tn) Pid FIGURE @: Ultrasonic and infrared prox- eee) een eae McRoberts is a wearable seeing aid device ee creas fNuctuating data gathered by an infrared ee eee ry See ete Pee eter Cette ee eee eee ed Re ee rs Dee ea ened FO aa area aay The photocell is agreat sensor to work with Pete eee See Mae eae) CeCe entce Pete ace te Te ee eee acer eae FIGURE @8: “Perform-o-shoes” by Andrew Cae as that have a photocell embedded in the bot- Cet ee eee De eee eee dosed ea ra le letras: Des, potty and Cee oi are onen Pere eae Peat ey: erPECIAL ECTION THINK BACK TO ‘YOUR FIRST WEAR- ABLE TECH EXPERI- ENCE: maybe it wos the communicator badges in Star Trek, the palm flow in Lagan’s Run or the rman-turned-machine in Terminator. These devices could sim plily communication, ‘monitor life functions, ar even transform Physical bodies, We all loved it and we're still seeking it science fiction to be real because we want to feel special, aware csials and powerful. That's why wear able tech is our now, and the Flora microcontroller is our BFF. Flora. tiny but mighty microcontroller from Adafrut that is stiteh- and solder-friendly see page 26) Its got a built-in USB jack for easy Arduina program: ‘ming and also JST jack for fast battery plug-in, The best partis this microcontroller loves NeoPix els, If you haven't seen NeoPies, imagine mege-bright RGB LEDs with the abilty to talk to each other. Adafruit’s NeoPixa brary for Arduino has made this an easy task, so anyone can make a wear- able light show. So, what da you want to be? What willbe your transformation? Check out these four fabulous projects and make your own sci-fi real ite, © There's music duo that just beats them all ‘when itcomes tonerdy chic tech. They're French ‘and they got popular inthe late "70s — you had better be thinking Daft Punk or no Quizzo for you. These headphones by caitlinsdad are tke ‘light organ forthe ears, making you an instant Daft Punkee. This mod is. combo hack of two Adafruit tutorials, and i's sweet! The headphones use ‘Flora and two NeoPixel LED Rings facing the SOUND REACTIVE HEADPHONES speakers forthe light show. Not only does this soften the lighting, butt creates 2 mysterious effect. Meanuile, the microphone amplifier board works its magic syncing the LEDS to the ‘music. You should use a soldering fan for this project, and be prepared to tidy up the wires atthe end, It's a great build for your Ustening pleasure — or nol asa friend will probably steal them from you. [makezine.com/goflight-up= headphones) rmakershed.comDISCO DRESS You've always wanted Lady Cage's futuristic fashions, and row you don't have to wait. This dress by maker Sarnuel Clay has 40 dancing LEDs that are sure toget attention. Willyour ight pattern be hula-hoop, sparkles, raindrop, spiral, or random col- ors? Let your emations be your guide — you're sureto look glam with any of ther, This dress-hacking project is or someone comforta with sawing, as you'l need to stitch six LED strips to the lin ing ofa dross. I you're craty, you can also choose to create casings of sheer ribbon forthe strips. Far the wiring inside, you ‘may want to consider Adafrut's incredibly flexible silicone wie, Once you've got everything as- ssembled, ust program the Flora with your favorite pattern and you'll be off dancing in no time. Yeu go, madern Marilyn Monroe. (makezine.com/gof light-up-dress} makezine.com/wires-and-thread SUPERHERO ACTION BANDS ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD DETECTING DRESS Bao eta, BC aa ee ee eee er Se ne ee ee yourself needing a spacesut for planet The zipper is mare than just decoration, Ce oe De ee eta ee ee ee eee ee advanced seving and soldering expertise, a ee oe no sits sensors: two embroi- about your neighborhood than the et ean oto makezine.com 2THE FASTEST MAN ON EARTH ‘TO STRAP ON AND RUN WITH THE BIONIC BOOTS IS A FEELING LIKE NO OTHER. Asyou begin to stride, you feel the springs storing energy, Then you push off, and you feolthe enormous pawer released, akin to acquiring your onm slice ofa superpower: I built the Bionic Boots simply because | wanted that experience. Ever since | was "2years old, Ive been dreaming of one day dropping into the African savanna and. running with cheetahs, Initially the concept was to emulate and experience the sensation and speed of running Uke a fast animal. still have the ssame goal, but the invention is evoking through the use of future technologies to reach new endeavors. | want to produce a viable form of environmentally sound transportation oer ary terrain, bei city streats or off-road trails — and torun faster than any man alive The first spark of inspiration came from watching a natura history program on kangaroos and how they were able to store energy in their large Achilles tendons, enabling ther to move at high speed over dificult terrain with an efficient gat. made ‘my frst drawings at 12, andthe inventions that came along years later were nat too dissimilar to those originals, ‘quarter century later, m on something 1¢ 200th prototype. These boots are How | built Bionic Boot to run like an ostrich wi ET ‘made from aluminum and carbon fiver, with elastic tendons. n them, I stand 7 feet tall, and can run 25 mph. Inthe intervening time, | went to college ‘and moved, in 1999, to America. I studied transport design and won a Royal Society for the Arts award forthe boots, and used that grant to goto California, the birthplace of so many recreational sports mountain bikes, skateboards, iberalass surfboards) ‘and to bring the Bionic Boot into the public domain, I already had an aesthetically pleasing ‘and working prototype, but it would be one of many. I tend bar six days a week to pay for patent fees and material costs and have ‘worked upto the X14 (2014] prototype. MECHANICAL ANIMAL The boots work by basically giving plantigrade [that is, flat-footed) humans a mechanical advantage, allowing therm torunon their toesin aigitgrade fashion, the way fast land mammals such as greyhounds and cheetahs do, By raising ‘me an my toes the boots lengthen my legs ‘and stride, which increases speed and efficiency, There are two levers, a main one and ‘ne forthe toes. Bath are attached to rubber extension springs that mimic the aforementioned kangaroo tendons. The makezine.com 45PECIAL ECTION sss): main ever provides the majority ofthe propulsive force. As the boot lands, the 18-inch lever stretches the springs: then as they contract, the lever swings through a pivot past the heel, propelling the main ever and springing the User like a catapult. The smaller toe lever hasa rubber and foam grip. which gives, purchase over uneven terrain, Depending ‘on the conditions, one, two, or possibly three interchangeable toes with differing sizes, and tread patterns can be added To build the boots, leveraged metalwork, carbon-fiber molding, and spring building, The inital main boot was designed and constructed by making an anatomically correct copy of the boot tselt. Later, my friend Cart Ricitelli made a mold oft, and laid carbon fiber into the mold to produce the current prototype with the best strength-to-weight ratio so far. Aireraft grade aluminum (6061 and "7000 series) was used forthe other major components. All were constructed without the use of CNC milling machines or casting ‘methods, but instead were cut, shaped, and polished using only a hand dil, angle arinder, and hacksaw, ‘The spring systern is made of natural rubber from speargun spring bands, cut to specific length, with custom-made grommets to attach to the rubber. These canbe added or subtracted to adjust forthe weight of diferent users or the running style or cadence desired ‘Myinvention has been designed — and has evolved — for fast running as a form ‘of transportation. While the top speed is formidable, the stilts are not designed for maneuverable running (2. turning) lam not the only inventor to design ‘augmenting boots, There are other proto- types and products that use different spring -systems, though my invention pre-dates the patents on the most similar ones, One example, originally sold as Powerbiocks Inow Pro-Jumps) trom Germany, also uses a pivoted lever to ‘add stably, buts designed more lke traditional stilts, allowing you to jump vertically lke a pogo stick. Young athletes use them for parkour-styie extreme sports, [Not to be confused with kids’ springy Moon ‘Shoes, which simply suspend the fet in ovat frames, ike two trampotines.| “The differences between the two are not ‘only in the main function but also in the spring: The Pro-Jumps use a fiberglass leaf spring, whereas mine feature natural rubber as an extension spring to store potential energy. Additionally, because of the material, the Bionic Boots weigh in at just ‘sk pounds, around two pounds ess than the Pro-lumps. But one feature thats truty unique isthe pivoted toe, which gives the landing ‘some dampening from the stiff impact ‘ofthe large spring, as well as maneu- verabilty and extra purchase on uneven terrain, ve used them on everything from ptholed and cobblestoned streets in New York and London to California beaches, peaks in the Rocky Mountains, and even in shallove water BIONIC 5-205 — Hsuninm potatype wing a snwtoar hing to hl the eg, 3 tabla lover, and asl te. Sing thr tubing. a rogesin fam th orginal bungee sping Zi makershed.com 8-208 — fst usof aon fieron ‘the exsleton AT incest potty is Lrger witha mae power spring and langer std, ut gates ceased the weigh a & X10-2010 — Alunioun potty with decreased hight fr inereaedmazewe ality. urease ie bight an Gceaes ‘th amount of omer aed tthe sping