Module 1 – Bottom Hole Pressure

IADC WellSharp – Well Servicing Workover

1. Convert fluid density into gradient

I. 13.5 ppg = 13.5 x 0.052 = 0.702 psi/ft
II. 11.6 ppg = 11.6 x 0.052 = 0.6032 psi/ft

III. 10.2 ppg = 10.2 x 0.052 = 0.539 psi/ft

2. Convert the gradient into fluid density.

I. 0.806 psi/ft = 0.806 psi/ft / 0.052 = 15.5 ppg
II. 0.765 psi/ft = 0.765 psi/ft / 0.052 = 14.7 ppg
III. 0.655 psi/ft - 0.655 psi/ft / 0.052 = 12.6 ppg

3. Calculate the hydrostatic pressure for the following.

I. 9.5 ppg mud at 9,000 ft MD/ 8,000 ft TVD = 0.052 x 9.5 x 8000 ft = 3952 psi
II. 0.889 psi/ft mud at 11,000 ft MD/ 9,000 ft TVD = 0.889 / 0.052 = 17.0 ppg (0.052x17.0x9000)=7956psi
III. 12,300 ft TVD with 12.2 ppg = 0.052x12.2x12300 = 7803 psi

4. Convert the following pressure into Fluid Weight in ppg.

I. 3,495 psi at 7,000 ft = 3495/7000=0.499 /0.052 = 9.59 ~ 9.6 ppg
II. 12,000 ft MD/ 10,500 ft TVD with 9,000 psi = 9000 / 10500 = 0.857 / 0.052 = 16.48 ~ 16.5 ppg
III. 4,500 psi at 8,700 ft = 4500 / 8700 = 0.517 / 0.052 = 9.94 ~ 9.5 ppg

5. Calculate the gradient for the density of 2 ppg natural gas.

a. 0.102 psi/ft = 0.102 psi/ft / 0.052 = 1,96 ppg ~ 2 ppg
b. 0.106 psi/ft = 0.106 psi/ft / 0.052 = 2.0 ppg
c. 0.104 psi/ft = 0.104 psi / ft / 0.052 = 2 ppg
d. 0.060 psi/ft = 0.060 / 0.052 = 2 ppg

6. Calculate the gradient for the density of 9 ppg brines.

a. 0.542 psi/ft = 0.542 x 0.052 = 0.0028184 , 9 ppg x 0.052 = 0.468 ~ 0.0028184 + 0.468 = 0.470/0.052 = 9.0 ppg

b. 0.052 psi/ft = Sama Jalannya

c. 0.468 psi/ft
d. 0.045 psi/ft

7. Calculate the hydrostatic pressure, given the following information:

 Shut-in Tubing Pressure = 300 psi
 Fluid weight = 10 ppg
 Well Depth = 10,000’ TVD / 10,200’ MD
 Tubing Depth = 10,000’ TVD / 10,200’ MD
 Viscosity = 50 cp
 Open hole = 7-5/8”
a. 5,604 psi = 0.052 x 10 x 10.000 ft = 5200 psi + SITP 300 = 5500 psi
b. 5,200 psi
c. 5,304 psi
d. 5,500 psi

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 8. Calculate the formation pressure, given the following information:
 Shut-in Tubing Pressure = 300 psi
 Fluid weight = 10 ppg
 Well Depth = 10,000’ TVD / 10,200’ MD
 Tubing Depth = 10,000’ TVD / 10,200’ MD
 Viscosity = 50 cp
 Open hole = 7-5/8”
a. 5,200 psi = 0.052 x 10 ppg x 10.000 ft = 5200 psi + SITP 300 psi = 5500 psi
b. 5,500 psi
c. 5,304 psi
d. 5,604 psi

9. Calculate the formation gradient with the surface pressure from the following
information
 Fluid weight = 6.5 ppg
 SP = 250 psi
 TVD = 6,000’
 MD = 6,500’
a. 0.38 psi/ft = 0.052 x 6.5 ppg x 6000 ft = 2028 psi +250 psi = 2278 psi
b. 0.41 psi/ft = 2278 psi / 6000 ft = 0.378 psi/ft ~ 0.38 ps/ft
c. 0.052 psi/ft
d. 0.58 psi/ft

10. Well Information:

TD = 12,000’ MD/10,000’ TVD
Shut in tubing pressure = 500 psi
Fluid weight in the tubing = 4.0 ppg
What is the formation gradient (psi/ft) of a well?
a. 0.240 = 0.052 x 4.0 ppg x 10.000 psi = 2080 psi + 500 psi = 2580 psi
b. 0.258
= 2580 psi / 10.000 ft = 0.258 ps/ft
c. 0.262

11. Given the following data, calculate the effective upward force against a set packer
 SICP = 500 psi
 SITP = 2,000 psi
 Tubing Size = 2.7/8” OD
 Casing Size = 7” OD / 6.45” ID
 TVD = 5,000’
 MD = 6,250’
a. 12,983 lbs
b. 65,349 lbs
c. 81.687 lbs
d. 60,500 lbs

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 12. A workover crew is stripping workstring out of the hole; the tool joint reaches the
annular preventer and stop. What is occurring below the annular?
a. Force on the working is decreasing
b. Force on the working is increasing
c. Force has no effect on the workstring
d. Bottomhole pressure is dropping

13. What happens to bottomhole pressure when circulating fluids?

a. Bottomhole pressure decreases
b. Bottomhole pressure increases
c. Bottomhole pressure stays the same
d. None of the above

14. Which of the following is an accurate effect caused by downhole tools while forward
circulating?
a. Reduced clearance, higher friction loss
b. Reduced clearance, lower friction loss
c. Increased clearance, higher friction loss
d. Increased clearance, lower friction loss

15. Which of the following annulus sections has the highest frictional loss while forward
circulating?
a. 2-7/8” x 9-5/8”
b. 2-7/8” x 5-1/2”
c. 2-7/8” x 7”
d. 2-7/8” x 20”

16. Which of the following annulus sections has the lowest frictional loss while forward
circulating?
a. 2-7/8” x 9-5/8”
b. 2-7/8” x 5-1/2”
c. 2-7/8” x 7”
d. 2-7/8” x 20”

17. When forward circulating, frictional pressure is the lowest where?

a. Below the packer
b. In the annulus
c. Inside the tubing
d. Across the restriction

18. As flow rate increases, what occurs to frictional pressure loss?

a. Stays the same
b. Decreases
c. Increases

19. How does frictional pressure loss relate to viscosity?

a. Viscosity increases, frictional pressure decreases
b. Viscosity increases, frictional pressure increases
c. Viscosity decreases, frictional pressure increases
d. Viscosity decreases, no effect on frictional pressure
Module 1 :Bottom Hole Pressure Page 3 of 5
 20. While milling out a packer, what factor enhances carrying capacity of a completion fluid?
a. Annular velocity
b. Density
c. Crystallization point
d. pH

21. Based on the well information below, what pressure needs to be applied to the tubing to
balance the wellbore at a gas lift mandrel before pulling a gas lift valve?
 Well Information:
 SITP: 0 psi
 SICP: 1,000 psi
 Mandrel TVD: 6,000’
 Fluid level TVD: 4,500’
 Annulus fluid: 0 ppg
 Tubing fluid: 6.0 ppg
a. 468 psi = 0.052 x 6.0 ppg x 1500 ft = 468 psi
b. 500 psi
c. 532 psi
d. 350 psi

22. Calculate maximum initial surface/pump pressure given the following information:
Fracture Gradient @ TVD/MD 8,000’ = 0.65 psi/ft
Kill Fluid Weight = 10 ppg
SITP = 600 psi = 0.65 psi/ft x 8000 ft = 5200 psi
a. 1,040 psi = 0.052 x 10 ppg x 8000 ft = 4160 psi
b. 1,640 psi
c. 600 psi = 5200 - 4160 = 1040 psi (intial surface)

d. 850 psi + 600 = 1640 psi (Total Press Surface)

23. Calculate the buoyancy factor, for a 10.2 ppg fluid weight.
a. 0.860 =
b. 0.852
c. 0.877
d. 0.844

24. Calculate the buoyancy factor, for a 9.2 ppg fluid weight.
a. 0.801
b. 0.848
c. 0.867
d. 0.859

25. Calculate the buoyant string weight, for 9,000’ of 8.6 ppf open-ended tubing in 9.2 ppg
fluid column.
a. 71,912 lbs
b. 66,512 lbs
c. 77,400 lbs
d. 66,690 lbs

Module 1 :Bottom Hole Pressure Page 4 of 5

 Module 1 – Bottom Hole Pressure
KEY ANSWER

1. A
I. 0.7020 psi/ft
II. 0.6032 psi/ft
III. 0.5304 psi/ft
2. D
I. 15.5 ppg
II. 14.7 ppg
III. 12.6 ppg
3.
I. 3,952 psi
II. 8,001 psi
III. 7,803 psi
4.
I. 9.7 ppg
II. 16.5 psi
III. 10.0 psi
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. A
15. B
16. D
17. B
18. C
19. B
20. A
21. C
22. A
23. D
24. D
25. B

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