MEMORANDUM

GRADE 10 PHYSICAL SCIENCES PAPER 2

MEMORANDUM: CHEMISTRY JUNE 2023

Question 1

1.1 B✓✓ (1)

1.2 D✓ ✓ (2)

1.3 A✓ ✓ (1)

1.4 A✓✓ (2)

1.5 B✓ ✓ (2)

1.6 B ✓✓ (1)

1.7 C ✓✓ (1)

1.8 A ✓✓ (1)

1.9 C ✓✓ (1)

1.10 B✓ ✓ (2)

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Question 2
2.1.1 Air /steel/alnico/salt solution✓ (1)

2.1.2 Ammonium sulphate✓ (1)

2.1.3 Oxygen gas.✓ (1)

2.1.4 Iron/Steel.✓ (1)

2.1.5 Alnico/iron. ✓ (1)

2.2.1 (𝑁𝐻4 )2 𝑆𝑂4 ✓ (1)

2.2.2 Nitrogen dioxide.✓ (1)

2.2.3 CuO✓ (1)

2.2.4 Ca(NO3)2✓ (1)

2.3.1 D✓ (1)
2.3.2 B✓ (1)

2.3.3 C (1)
2.4 II✓

Negative Marking
It shows arrangement of particles in a liquid. ✓
(3)
Substance A is a liquid at this temperature. ✓
[15]
Question 3
3.1 Energy needed per mole ✓to remove the first electron from an atom in the gaseous phase ✓ (2)
3.2.1 First ionisation energy decreases down the group. ✓ (1)
3.2.2 First ionisation energy increases across a period from left to right✓ (1)

3.3 Atomic radius increases down the group./ Shielding effect of core electrons
increases✓ (2)

Attractive nuclear force on outer electrons decreases. ✓

3.4.1 It is the highest ✓ (1)

3.4.2 The lowest✓ (1)

3.5.1 They have low ionisation energy/loose electrons readily✓ (1)

3.5.2 Ionisation energy decreases down the group✓ (1)

3.5.3 They have high ionisation energies/full octet/low electron affinity✓ (1)

3.6.1 Li Na K✓ (1)
3.6.2 Mg Si P✓ (1)

3.7 Electronegativity decreases across the period ✓from left to right✓ (2)
[15]
Question 4
4.1.1 Q✓ (1)

4.1.2 S✓ (1)
4.1.3 P✓ (1)

4.2.1 Q AND Y✓ (1)

4.2.2 Group 1✓ (1)

4.3.1 R✓ (1)
4.3.2 2✓ (1)

4.4.1 Q2P✓ (1)

4.4.2 RT2✓ (1)

4.5 Chlorine✓ (2)

1s22s22p63s22p5✓
4.6 Atoms of the same element having the same number of protons/atomic number, but different (1)
numbers of neutrons. ✓
4.7.1 B and C✓ (1)

4.7.2 Fluorine. ✓ (1)

4.8 (63 × 72) + (𝑥 × 28)
63,5 ✓ = ✓
100✓
𝑥 = 64,79✓
(4)
4.9 1s and 2p orbitals filled correctly✓
1s and 2p orbitals filled correctly✓

1s and 2p orbitals filled correctly✓

(3)
(Correctly means -According to Hund’s Rule and Pauli Exclusion Principle)

[22]
Question 5
5.1.1 ionic bonding as the transfer of electrons✓ to form cations/positive ions and anions /negative (2)
ions that attract each other to form a formula-unit. ✓
5.2.1 D/C✓ (1)

5.2.2 E✓ (1)

5.2.3 B✓ (1)

5.2.4 E✓ (1)

5.3

Correct Formula(NH3) ✓ (3)

Correct number of electrons around nitrogen✓

5.4 Covalent bonding✓ (1)

5.5

(4)

5.6.1 A✓ (1)

5.6.2 C✓ (1)

5.7.1 Atoms✓ (1)

5.7.2 Formula units(accept ions) ✓ (1)

5.7.3 molecules✓ (1)

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Question 6
6.1 The temperature ✓of a liquid at which its vapour pressure equals the external ✓ (2)
(atmospheric) pressure.(accept temperature at which a liquid change to gas)
6.2.1 930C✓ (1)
6.2.2 570C. ✓ (1)

6.3 NO✓ (2)

Water boils at 93OC. ✓

6.4.1 Liquid /Solid✓ (1)
6.4.2 solid✓ (1)

6.5 Temperature stays constant. ✓

Heat energy absorbed is used to overcome intermolecular forces. ✓ (2)

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Question 7
7.1 Amount of substance✓ that contains as many elementary particles as there are (2)

atoms in 12g of carbon. ✓

𝑚
7.2 𝑛𝑍𝑛 = 𝑀 ✓
13
= 65✓

= 0,20𝑚𝑜𝑙✓ (3)
𝑁
𝑁=𝑁 ✓
𝐴

𝑁
0,2 = 6,02×1023✓

= 1,204 × 1023 ✓ (3)

7.3.1 𝑍𝑛: 𝐶𝑂2
1: 1.
𝑛𝐻2 = 0,20. ✓
𝑉
𝑛= ✓
𝑉𝑚
𝑉
0,2 = ✓
22,4
𝑉 = 0,1 × 22,4
= 4.48𝑑𝑚3 ✓ (4)
7.3.2 %𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 × 100✓
𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
4.3
= × 100✓
4.48

= 95.98%✓ (3)
7.4 𝑚
𝐶= ✓
𝑀𝑉
𝑚
0,1✓ = 36,5×0,1✓

𝑚 = 0,365𝑔✓ (4)
7.5.1 Simplest whole number ratio ✓of atoms of elements in a compound. ✓ (2)
7.5.2 Element C H O
% 40 6,72 53,28
Mass per 100g 40 6,72 53,28
𝑚 40 6,72 53,28
𝑛= = 3.3333✓ = 6,72✓ = 4,44✓
12 1 12
𝑀
Simplest ratio 3.3333 6,72 4.44
2
3.3.333 3.3333 3,3333
1 2,02 1,33✓
(5)
Empirical Formula : CH2O✓
7.5.3 (𝐶𝐻2 𝑂)𝑛 = 120
𝑛[12 + 2(1) + 16] = 120 ✓
𝑛=2
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑒 = 𝐶2 𝐻4 𝑂2✓ (2)

7.6 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐻2 𝑂 = 11,25 − 7,19

= 4,06𝑔✓
𝑚
𝑛𝐻2 0 =
𝑀
4,06
= = 0,2256✓
18
7,19
𝑛𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 = 159,5✓

= 0,04507. ✓
: 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 ∶ 𝐻2 𝑂
: 0,04507: 0,2256
0: 0,04507, 0,2256
0,2256 : 0,04507
1: 5.
∴ 𝑥 = 5✓
(5)
7.7 2(14)✓ (3)
%𝑁 = × 100
2[14 + 4(1)] + 32 + 4(16)✓
= 21,21%✓
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Question 8
8.1.1 Redox reaction✓ (1)
8.1.2 Ion-exchange✓ (1)

8.2.1 B✓ (1)
8.2.2 C✓ (1)

8.2.3 A✓ (1)
8.4.1 Electrical conductivity✓ (1)

8.4.2 Electrical conductivity increases✓ with increase in concentration of electrolyte. ✓ (2)

8.4.3 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙(𝑠)✓ → 𝑁𝑎 + (𝑎𝑞) + 𝐶𝑙 − (𝑎𝑞)✓ (2)
8.5 Sugar does not form free ions (since it is a covalent compound). ✓

Sodium chloride dissociates into its ions in water. ✓

(3)
These free mobile ions become carriers of charge. ✓
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