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Latihan Reading 7 - Coherence Questions

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11
Text 1: History of Sociology education, economics, inequality,

1. (i)The term sociology was coined by psychology, ethics, philosophy, and
French philosopher Auguste Comte in theology. (v)These pioneers of
1838, who for this reason is known as sociology all had a vision of using
the “Father of Sociology.” (ii)Just as sociology to call attention to social
there are testable facts regarding concerns and bring about social
gravity and other natural laws, Comte change. (vi)In Europe, for example, Karl
thought that scientific analyses could Marx teamed with wealthy industrialist
also discover the laws governing our Friedrich Engels to address class
social lives. (iii)It was in this context inequality.
that Comte introduced the concept of 4. Sociology has grown into a diverse and
positivism to sociology, a way to dynamic discipline, experiencing a
understand the social world based on proliferation of specialty areas. The
scientific facts. (iv)He believed that, American Sociological Association
with this new understanding, people (ASA) was formed in 1905 with 115
could build a better future. members. By the end of 2004, it had
grown to almost 14,000 members and
2. Other events of that time period also more than 40 “sections” covering
influenced the development of specific areas of interest. …………... The
sociology. The 19th and 20th centuries International Sociological Association
were times of many social upheavals (ISA) boasted more than 3,300
and changes in the social order that members in 2004 from 91 different
interested the early sociologists. The countries. The ISA sponsored research
political revolutions sweeping Europe committees covering more than 50
during the 18th and 19th centuries led different areas of interest, covering
to a focus on social change and the topics as diverse as children, aging,
establishment of social order that still families, law, emotions, sexuality,
concerns sociologists today. Many religion, mental health, peace and war,
early sociologists were also concerned and work.
with the Industrial Revolution and the (Source:
rise of capitalism and socialism. https://www.thoughtco.com/history
-of-sociology-3026638)
3. (i)Other classical theorists of sociology
from the late 19th and early 20th (1) The missing paragraph between
centuries include Karl Marx, Emile paragraph 1 and 2 most likely
Durkheim, Max Weber, W.E.B. DuBois, discusses ….
and Harriet Martineau. (ii) They are the (A) Sociology as a science
best sociologists of Europe. (iii)As (B) things in the future that could be
pioneers in sociology, most of the early made by sociology
sociological thinkers were trained in (C) events in 19th and 20th century
other academic disciplines, including (D) concept of positivism
history, philosophy, and economics. (E) Auguste Comte’s views on social
(iv)The diversity of their training is structure in 19th century
reflected in the topics they
researched, including religion,
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Xpedia Bahasa Inggris, Latihan Reading 7 - Coherence Questions
02. Which sentence of paragraph 3 is 05. Which of the following best describes
irrelevant? the relationship between sentence
(ii) and (iv) in paragraph 1?
(A) ii
(B) iii (A) cause and effect
(C) iv (B) topic and conclusion
(D) V (C) argument and its supporting
(E) Vi sentence
(D) examples of the topic in the
03. The most suitable sentence to fill the paragraph
blank in paragraph 4 is …. (E) two unrelated sentences
(A) there were new sociology Text 2: How did K-Pop Conquer The
branches arise from different World?
countries 1. K-pop is now a multi-billion-dollar
(B) the needs for making a industry. Bands like BTS and Blackpink
sociologist union around the are selling out in the US, UK, and
world is inevitable international stadiums within minutes.
(C) many other countries also have BTS is second only to Drake in
large national sociology international music sales. How did K-
organizations pop conquer the world? Today, Korean
(D) aside from each countries’ music producers are experts at
sociologist union, there is a place manufacturing incredibly successful
where sociologists around the products. There is a specific formula
world gather and a set of conditions for creating a
(E) ISA is the largest sociologist K-pop star. There are three main
union in the world agencies with up to 200 trainees each,
mainly recruited from a young age.
04. This sentence: “Additionally, the There are other smaller agencies out
growth of cities and religious there too. All K-pop bands come
transformations were causing many through this system. The recruits
changes in people’s lives.” should be either stay at home or live in dorms.
…. They live by a tight regime: waking up
at 5 am, training, go to school, more
(A) the second sentence of training, and go home at midnight to
paragraph 1 sleep and do it all again.
(B) the last sentence of paragraph 1
(C) the first sentence of paragraph 2 2. Bear in mind, these budding stars
(D) the last sentence of paragraph 2 haven't even debuted yet. And when
(E) the last sentence of paragraph 3 they do, they can have even earlier
starts. Sometimes the trainees are
existing on up to two hours' sleep a
night. Once you drop that first single
and have your first performance, the
clock is then ticking down again to
when you become irrelevant—because K-pop product are people, some as

there is always another group that young as 10. They may have to endure
could dethrone you at any time. a so-called ‘slave contracts’ and
arduous daily regimes, and could
3. (i) But the more K-pop has become eventually develop mental health
more successful, the more the issues. At its darkest, K-pop culture
establishment has become interested. stands accused of scandals. Not a side
(ii) There are a lot of impacts that it of South Korea, the government wants
could be produced by becoming a part to advertise. All this may not be
of the government’s concern. (iii) affecting music sales, but it's a heavy
“South Korean business leaders and price of conquering the world.
political leaders were figuring out that (Source:
they needed to expand into other http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/2
areas,” says Yung Lee, Professor of 0190529-how-did-k-pop-conquer-
Sociology at the University of the-world)
California, Berkeley, who has written
about K-pop. (iv) “The only thing young 06. If there’s a paragraph telling the
people especially were talking about history of K-Pop, where should it be
was either South Korean drama or placed?
South Korean popular music.”
(A) before paragraph 1
4. The government gave the music (B) between paragraph 1 and 2
industry tax breaks, money to (C) after paragraph 2
academics to enhance the popularity (D) inside paragraph 1
of the K-Pop genre, and foreign (E) after paragraph 4
embassies were promoting the groups.
It worked and brought in big business. 07. Which sentence of paragraph 2 is
But, as Lee points out, that wasn't all. irrelevant?
“The impact, of course, it not in terms
of money, but in terms of its popularity (A) I
and expanding the South Korean (B) ii
influence or soft power abroad.” (C) iii
There's even a word to describe this (D) IV
wave of Korean culture: Hallyu. And K- (E) all is relevant
pop became central to lots of other
profitable industries like the beauty
business.
5. So, how did K-pop conquer the world?

Clever design and brilliant marketing.
But there's more to a K-pop band. It's
an expression of Korean culture, and
the government has been more than
happy to capitalize on its success.
However, the constituent parts to the
08. The best sentence to begin the fourth getting children into school and
paragraph is …. keeping them there, at least until
the end of the compulsory basic
(A) seeing the potential of K-Pop, the education period. However, it has
government started to back the had much less success in ensuring
music industry that these children receive an
(B) the government decided to take education.”
K-Pop into a serious concern
(C) K-Pop was starting to grow out of 2) Indonesia has made great strides in
the Asia continent terms of improving its education
(D) the impact of K-Pop was huge system during the Reformasi era of
that the South Korean democratisation since 1998. In 2002,
government decided to give the newly democratic Indonesia
music industry a special inserted into its constitution a
treatment requirement that governments at all
(E) foreigners’ response towards K- levels to dedicate at least 20
Pop was cold, so the government percent of their budgets to
took a special action education. This was a major
improvement from the authoritarian
09. The sentence “K-Pop market has era, when by 1995 education
become so saturated that debuting spending counted for less than 1
does not guarantee the group’s name percent of GDP.
to be known, yet alone successful.”
could be …. 3) According to UNESCO, Indonesia’s
literacy rate is now high at around
(A) the first sentence of paragraph 2 95 percent. Its youth literacy rate is
(B) the second sentence of even more impressive at 99.67
paragraph 2 percent. Nevertheless, other
(C) the last sentence of paragraph 2 educational indicators illustrate a
(D) the first sentence of paragraph 5 bleaker picture. The Programme for
(E) the last sentence of paragraph 5 International Student Assessment
(PISA) tests last conducted by the
Text 3: Education System in Indonesia: OECD in 2015 showed that
Politics and Corruption Indonesian students were
1) A report entitled “Beyond access: performing at lower levels in all
Making Indonesia’s education areas – science, mathematics and
system work” from the Sydney- reading – than the OECD average.
based Lowy Institute analyses the
shortcomings of the education 4) A shocking 42 percent of Indonesian
system of Southeast Asia’s largest students were failing to meet
nation and economy, tracing its minimum standards in all three
failures to “politics and power” areas covered by the test,
rather than a lack of educational outperformed by students in
funding. The report reads that neighbouring Malaysia, Vietnam and
“Indonesia has had great success in Thailand. “While education spending
is now at a level similar to other 11. The paragraph following the passage
lower middle-income countries, it is will most likely discuss ….
still less than comparable
neighbouring countries,” noted the (A) more corruption issues in
Lowy Institute’s report. “The Indonesia’s education system
country’s education system has (B) teaching methods used in
been a high-volume, low-quality Indonesia
enterprise that has fallen well short (C) Indonesia’s higher education
of the ‘internationally competitive’ institution
system Education and Culture (D) PhD education in Indonesia
Ministry plans anticipate will (E) the quality of the lecturer in
emerge in the near future.” Indonesia’s higher education
institution
5) Its schools and universities remain
plagued by corruption, poor quality 12. What is the relationship between
teaching and staff absenteeism. paragraph 1 and paragraph 4?
“The quality of research and
teaching in Indonesia’s higher (A) examples of the text’s topic
education system — even at the (B) cause and effect
country’s best institutions — is (C) argument and counter-argument
generally regarded as poor relative (D) thesis statement and supporting
to both global standards and those arguments
of neighbouring countries in Asia,” (E) hypothesis and fact-checking
added the report. For example, the
country’s highest ranked tertiary
institution, the University of
Indonesia (UI), was listed at 277 in
the QS World University Rankings
2018. Only one in ten of those in the
country’s academic labour force has
a PhD.
(Source:
https://www.studyinternational.co
m/news/indonesia-education-
system/)
10. Which one of the paragraphs is less

relevant with the topic of the
passage?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5
13. Which one of the sentences, if true, illness. (5) Depression is a mental
could support the Lowy Institution’s illness. (6) And like any illness, it does
argument in the passage? not discriminate. It does not care
about age, race, nationality, gender or
(A) students who did well in PISA social status.
test are students from high- (Source:
income families https://www.thejakartapost.com/life
(B) the curriculum in Indonesia is /2017/08/02/lets-talk-openly-about-
designed to make the students a mental-health.html)
jack of all trades rather than a
specialist, so the students find it 14. Which of the sentences is not in
overwhelming to learn. accordance with the paragraph?
(C) the students mostly just make
sure they know the materials for (A) 2
answering the exam rather than (B) 3
understand the materials or even (C) 4
justified cheating since result, (D) 5
not process, has always been a (E) 6
heavier focus
(D) the benchmark of cognitive 15. The paragraph that follows the
recognition is always math and passage would most likely discuss ….
science even though there are
other kinds of talents like art and (A) another mental illness
sport (B) examples of mental illness
(E) the teachers and lecturers are (C) several stages of depression
too lenient to the students (D) proofs that depression doesn’t
discriminate
(1) One of the biggest challenges in (E) symptoms of depression
Indonesia is the public lack of
awareness on mental health, Text 5: Baby’s Rainbow
especially depression. (2) Many of us 1. In English, the sky is blue and the
have a tendency to mock or even grass is green. But in Vietnamese,
bully people who express their there is just one color category for
frustrations, labelling them weak or both sky and grass: xanh. For
simply lebay (overreacting), decades, cognitive scientists have
exacerbating the situation and pointed to such examples as
possibly their condition, sometimes evidence that language largely
causing irreparable and harmful determines how we see color. But
consequences. (3) There are still new research with four to six-month
many people who are not aware that old infants indicates that long before
severe depression can cause we learn language, we see up to five
paranoia and other mental disorders, basic categories of hue: a finding that
and provoke thoughts of ending one’s suggests a stronger biological
life. (4) Our education also does not component to color perception than
fully teach us about different kind of previously thought.
2. The study, published recently in the 16. The author generally compares .…
Preceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences USA, tested the color- (A) English and Vietnamese language
discrimination abilities of more than for colors
170 British infants. Researchers at the (B) different colors in infants
University of Sussex in England (C) our eyes’ and our language’s
measured how long babies spent perception of colors
gazing at color swatches, a metric (D) biology and language
known as looking time. First, the (E) how culture shaped our
team showed infants one swatch perception of things
repeatedly until their looking time
decreased, a sign they had grown 17. Which information could be added to
bored with it. Then, the researchers paragraph 1?
showed them a different swatch and
noted their reaction. Longer looking (A) another example of language
times were interpreted that the used for interpreting colors
babies considered the second swatch (B) colors that can be found in
to be a new hue. Their cumulative nature
responses showed that they (C) the methodology of the research
distinguished among five colors: red, (D) other differences in English and
green, blue, purple and yellow. Vietnamese
3. (i) “The finding suggests we’re all (E) the way colors are depicted in
working from the same template,” every language
explains lead author Alice Skelton, a
doctoral-students at Sussex. (ii) “You 18. Which information could be added to
come prepackaged to make color paragraph 1?
distinctions but given your culture
and language, certain distinctions (A) another example of language
may or may not be used.” (iii) For used for interpreting colors
instance, infants learning Vietnamese (B) colors that can be found in
most likely see green and blue, even nature
if their native language does not use (C) the methodology of the research
distinct words for the two colors. (iv) (D) other differences in English and
The same thing could happen for Vietnamese
someone who grew up in England, (E) the way colors are depicted in
every color has a name and a code. every language
(Source: Hu, Jane C. 2017. “Baby’s
rainbow”. Scientific American.
September 2017: 16. Print.)
19. The paragraph following the passage

is most likely about ….
(A) other findings from the research

(B) the biological explanation about
how we perceive colors
(C) the conclusion of the research
(D) the development of language for
naming colors
(E) how culture shaped our
understanding about colors
Text 6: Oxnard’s Strawberry Festival

Strawberries are big business in Oxnard,
California. The annual strawberry
revenues are $100 million from Oxnard's
bountiful 6,600 berry acres. Twenty-four
companies harvest and cool nearly 16
million trays of berries, which are
shipped throughout North America as
well as to Germany and Japan. The
festival, which attracts more than 85,000
visitors, features three stages with
musical entertainment, 335 arts and
crafts exhibits, strolling musicians,
clowns, artists, face-painting, contests,
and a "Strawberryland" for children with
puppets, magicians, musicians, and a
petting zoo.
(Source:http://www.americaslibrary.gov/
es/ca/es_ca_strwbrry_1.html)
20. The preceding paragraph should be

about ….
(A) strawberry market in California

(B) the importance of strawberry for
Oxnard
(C) strawberry festival in Oxnard
(D) cities in California that produce
strawberries
(E) general information about
strawberries

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Latihan Reading 7 - Coherence Questions

Text 1: History of Sociology education, economics, inequality,

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

when you become irrelevant—because K-pop product are people, some as

5. So, how did K-pop conquer the world?

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

10. Which one of the paragraphs is less

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

Name Doc: XPINGA307 Version: 2019 - 11

19. The paragraph following the passage

(A) other findings from the research

Text 6: Oxnard’s Strawberry Festival

20. The preceding paragraph should be

(A) strawberry market in California

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