STATISTICS?!?

STATISTICS
Presentation, interpretation, and understanding of numerical data
Statistics (Presentation)
• Frequency Table
• Array
• Stem and Leaf Plot
Statistics (Presentation)
• Frequency Table (Definition of Terms)
▪ Class Intervals – intervals of equal length that cover the range of data
between maximum and minimum values without overlapping

▪ Class Limits – values at two ends of each interval. Lower class limit is the
smaller value. Upper class limit is the greater value

▪ Class Mark – the average of the upper and lower class limit
▪ Class Boundary – Midpoint between two adjacent class intervals.
▪ Class Width – Difference between upper and lower class boundaries.
▪ Relative Frequency and Percentage – ratio between class freq and total freq
 Frequecy Table Example
Grades of Students in a Certain Class 1. How many class intervals?
Class Grading Score Range Frequency Relative Percentage
Marks Frequency 2. What are the class limits of A+ ?
A+ 96 – 100 5 0.0909 9.09%
3. What is the class mark of C+ ?
A 91 – 95 3 0.0545 5.45%
B+ 86 – 90 25 ? ? 4. What is the class boundary of B ?
B 81 – 85 15 0.2727 27.27%
C+ 76 – 80 6 0.1091 10.91% 5. Calculate the relative frequency
and percentage of B+
C 71 – 75 1 0.0182 1.82%
Total 55 Theoretically 6. What is the class width for all
class intervals?
always 1
How to make a Frequency Table
Statistics (Presentation)
• Arrays – a group of people or objects displayed in a certain pattern
(e.g. ascending, descending, alphabetical, etc.)
• Example: Arrange Data into descending order for a 4 by 3
(row) sized array
(column)

(24, 47, 3, 17, 39, 45, 57, 62, 83, 5, 1, 5)

1 5 39 57
3 17 45 62
5 24 47 83
Statistics (Presentation)
• Stem-and-Leaf Plot
▪ Has Two parts:
Stem – Leading digit/s
Leaf – the digit after the leading digit (ALWAYS A SINGLE DIGIT)

▪ Organized from least to greatest. Top to bottom for Stems. Left to right for
Leaves
Example 1 – Stem and Leaf Plot
(15, 27, 8, 17, 13, 22, 24, 25, 13, 36, 32, 32, 32, 28, 43, 7)
Example 2 – Stem and Leaf Plot
(72, 85, 89, 93, 88, 76, 108, 115, 97, 102, 113)
Example 3 – Stem and Leaf Plot
(1.2, 2.3, 1.5, 2.4, 3.6, 1.8, 2.7, 3.2, 4.1, 2.9, 4.5, 7.6, 5.8, 9.3, 10.6, 12.4, 10.9)