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ESEIAAT, UPC. OB1 1. 2n parcial. 2019-2020. 08-GEN-2019

Answer in blank A4 sheets

Deliver all tables and graphics you use to solve the problem. Draw/mark on the graphs/tables the
procedure to determine variables/parameters, and the results.

PROB-1. (10 p)
A triple-effect evaporator will process 25 000 kg/h of an aqueous solution containing 5% (weight
concentration) of solute. The solutions of this substance show no significant boiling point rise. The
concentrated product will have a concentration of 50%. The feed will enter the process at 21 C. The
third evaporator will be operated at an absolute pressure of 13.33 kPa. The solutions have a c p of 4.19
kJ/(kg·K) at the concentration range used in the process. The fresh steam is saturated at 196.1 kPa.
All condensates will be saturated liquid. The overall heat transfer coefficients for the effects are,
respectively, (W/m2·K): 11 300, 7 110, 4 080. The heating areas of all effects will be equal.

1.1. Draw a diagram of the triple-effect evaporator including the symbols of all the significant
temperatures, pressures, concentrations and enthalpies. Also, show on the diagram the values
of all the known variables and parameters. Use the same symbols and nomenclature used in
the triple-effect evaporator problem solved in class.
1.2. Write the general mass balance equations for the triple effect and calculate the mass flow of
concentrated product and total secondary vapour.
1.3. Assuming all secondary vapour flows are equal, calculate them and calculate the intermediate
solution concentrations and mass flows.
1.4. Determine TS1, TC, TL3. Knowing that Teff = TS1–TC –BPRi, calculate Teff.
1.5. Assuming equal heat loads, and assuming T1, T2 and T3 are inversely proportional to,
respectively, U1, U2 and U3, perform a first estimation of the T’s, then calculate TL,2 and TL,1.
Write a table compiling all temperatures through the evaporator, from TS1 to TC.