Creativity, Imagination and Expression
It takes an artist to make an art
Perceive beauty on a daily basis
Not every beautiful thing can be seen or experienced
called a work of art
Art, product of man’s creativity, imagination and
expression
Creativity; thinking outside the box
Something done creatively when we have not yet seen
anything like it
Out of ordinary
Does not simply copy another artist’s work
Embraces originality
Puts his own flavor
Own creative piece
Art is a production of imagination
Famous writers, painters and musicians get their ideas:
Starts in human mind
Imagination is more important than knowledge
Imagination able to craft something new and something
better
Imagination gives birth to reality through creation
It produces art
Art inspires imagination
Art as expression -
You felt something within you, you try to explain it but you
do not know how - Try to release yourself from tormenting
and disabling state by doing something, called expressing
oneself. Emotion remain unknown until he expresses it.
BASIC ASSUMPTION ON ART
1. Universal
2. Experience
3. Not nature
4. Everywhere
5. Man’s oldest means of expression
6. Expression and communication
PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART
Art as an Imitation
According to Plato, ‘artist are imitators and art is just
a mere imitation ’ The things in this world are only copies
of the original, the eternal and the true entities that can
only be found in the world of forms.
Plato was deeply suspicious of arts and artist for 2
reasons:
They appeal to the emotions rather than to the rational
faculty of men.
They imitate rather than lead one to reality.
Socrates just like Plato claimed that art is just an
imitation of imitation.
For Plato, art is dangerous because it provides a petty
replacement for the real entities that can be only attained
through reason. According to him, all arts are imitative in
nature. Plato wrote in The Republic that ‘’ ideas are the
ultimate reality’’. Things are conceived ideas before they
take practical shapes.
Art as a Representation
Aristotle, Plato’s most important student in philosophy,
agreed with his teacher that art is a form of imitation.
However, in contrast to his mentor’s disgust, Aristotle
conceived of art as representing possible versions of
reality.
For Aristotle, all kinds of art do not aim to represent
reality as it is but to provide a vision of what might be or
the many possibilities in reality.
Art as a Disinterested Judgment
Immanuel Kant considered the judgment of beauty the
cornerstone of art, as something that can be universal
despite its subjectivity: and therefore, art is innately
autonomous from specific interest.
For Kant, every human being, after perception and the
free play of his faculties, should recognize the beauty that
is inherent in a work of art.
Therefore, Kant claims that in order to judge art based
on its inherent beauty, rather than letting one’s judgment
to be tainted with his/her own interests.
Art as a Communication of Emotion
According to Leo Tolstoy, art place a huge role in
communication to its audience emotions that the artist
previously experienced.
Tolstoy is fighting for the social dimension of art. This
means that art serves as a mechanism of cohesion for
everyone.
MEDIUM and TECHNIQUES
Medium is the mode of expression in which the concept,
idea or message is conveyed.
Technique is the manner in which artist controls his
medium to achieve the desired effect.
THE VISUAL ART
are those arts that can be seen by our eyes. The most
common are painting, sculpture and architecture.
PAINTING -
Art of creating meaningful effects on flat surface by the use
of pigments.
Materials:
WATERCOLOR - produce warm and rich tones but it
invites brilliance and a variety of hues GOUACHE -
opaque watercolor painting the major effects of which are
caused by the paper itself.
FRESCO - pigments are mixed with water and applied
on a wet plaster.
TEMPERA - pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white.
PASTEL - a stick of dried paste made of pigment round
with chalk and compounded with gum water.
ENCAUSTIC - It is done by painting with wax colors
fixed with heat.
OIL - oil painting is the one of the most expensive art
activities of today - pigments are mixed with linseed oil and
applied to canvas
ACRYLIC - used today by the modern painters and the
only thinner used is water.
DRAWING
It is the most fundamental of all skills needed in the arts
Materials:
PENCIL - Most common medium in drawing - different
degrees of hardness or softness.
PEN AND INK - one of the oldest mediums still in use
- the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines
India ink – comes in liquid form; favorite medium of comic
strip illustrators and cartoonists.
BISTRE - brown pigment extracted from the soot of
wood.
CRAYONS - pigments bound by wax and compressed
into painted sticks.
CHARCOAL - carbonaceous materials obtained by
heating wood or organic substances in the absence of
oxygen.
SILVERPOINT - silver stylus that produce a thin grayish
line.
SCULPTURE -
the art of making two or three dimensional representation
by means of carving, casting, modeling and fabrication.
Materials:
STONE - hard and brittle substance formed from
mineral and earth material.
IVORY - comes from the tusk of elephants, the hard
white substance used to make carving and billiard balls.
METAL - can be cast, cut, drilled, filled, bent, forged
and stamped.
PLASTER - compose of lime, sand, and water. used
extensively in making mannequins, models, molds,
architectural decoration and other indoor sculptures.
CLAY - possesses little strength, intention
compression and requires an armature for support.
GLASS - medium that is hard, brittle, more or less
transparent substances produced by fusion. WOOD -
They are lighter and softer to carve despite of having
greater tensile strength.
TERRA COTTA - a brownish red clay that has been
baked and used for making pots and small statues.
BASIC SCULPTURE TECHNIQUES
1. CARVING - cutting or chipping away a shape from a
mass of stone, wood or other hard materials.
2. MODELING - built using an armature and then shaped
to create a form.
3. CASTING - reproducing the form from an original clay
or wax model.
-!!!!!!Traditional first three methods!!!!!!!
4. ASSEMBLING / FABRICATION -putting together of
different materials to create an assembled sculpture.
AWARDS and CITATIONS
2 MAJOR AWARDS GIVEN TO PHILIPPINE ARTISTS
1. Orden ng Pambansang Alagad ng Sining (Order of
National Artists) - individuals who have made significant
contributions to the development of Philippine arts. -
administered by the National Commission for Culture and
(CCP) and conferred by the President of the Philippines -
The first recipient was Fernando Amorsolo in 1972 (National
Artist for Visual Arts).
INCENTIVES AND PRIVILEGES -
the rank and title, medallion or insignia and a citation, cash
awards and a host of benefits, a state funeral and burial
at the Libingan ng mga Bayani, a place of honor or
designated area during national state functions, along with
recognition or acknowledgement at cultural events.
2. Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (National Living
Treasures Award) -
 - distinctive skills have reach a high level of technical
and artistic excellence - have been passed on to and
widely practice by the present generation in his
community.
 -GAMABA was created in 1992 under RA# 7355 by the
NCCA.
INCENTIVES AND PRIVILEGES -
a specially designed gold medallion , an initial grant
of 100,000php and a 10,000php monthly stipend for life
(later increase to 14,000php), maximum cumulative amount
of 750,000php medical and hospitalization benefits, funeral
assistance and tribute fit for a national living treasure.
or