Political factors: Finland has been actively promoting renewable energy

through policies, incentives, and subsidies.

1. The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, in collaboration with

Business Finland, possesses the authority to provide discretionary financial
support to energy initiatives. Such energy assistance is earmarked for both
investment ventures and research endeavors. Specifically, investment
assistance may be extended to novel energy technologies and substantial
demonstration projects, contingent upon their pursuit of forward-looking
energy innovations with a funding allocation exceeding EUR 5 million.
'According to the RES Directive, every two years, each European Union
Member State is required to submit a report to the Commission detailing
advancements in the support and utilization of renewable energy sources.

2. The RES Directive, formally known as Directive 2009/28/EC of the European

Parliament and the Council concerning the encouragement of the use of
energy derived from renewable sources, as well as the amendment and
subsequent revocation of Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC, serves as
the governing framework.In Finland, partial integration of this directive into
national legislation has been achieved through the issuance of guidelines by
the Energy Department within the Ministry of Economic Affairs and
Employment.

3. Finland had set an ambitious target to achieve carbon neutrality by 2035,

which is ahead of many other European countries. This goal aims to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions significantly across various sectors.

Energy and climate strategy - Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment.

(n.d.). Työ- Ja Elinkeinoministeriö. https://tem.fi/en/energy-and-climate-
strategy