Versions of..

Differences of
arguments in terms
of the following: Montero y Vidal T.H. Pardo de Tavera Rafael de Izquierdo

Description of the event The author had described the Tavera had indicated that the General Rafael had described
event briefly; he did not really Cavite mutiny was probably the the Cavite mutiny in a brief
discuss the full details of what start of the tarnished relationship of form too. He started it with the
happened on the night of the Spanish government and the district of Tondo being set on
January 20, 1892. Filipinos. And that the peaceful fire as a sign of start of the
reign of the colony was ruined by revolution and when the
He only stated in his account that
that event in which he described as authorities were distracted by
when the signal, which was the insignificant yet the origin of putting out the fire, the military
firing of the rocket in the sky, of
political influence of the rebels unit sneaked in the Fort
the start of insurrection was against the Spaniards. Santiago and fired cannons in
done, the native soldiers along
order to give signal to the
with Sergeant La Madrid have On the description of the event on natives or mutineers of Cavite.
attacked and killed the January 20, 1872, Tavera stated in
commander of the fort and hurt his account that the revolt started After that description, he did
his wife. The natives in Cavite that night with the soldiers and not clear what happened and
mistook that signal, according to Sergeant La Madrid who took part who had been killed by the
Montero y Vidal, which led to the in it. The mutiny had resulted to the rebels, also the date of the
revolt of the soldiers to the fort. assassination of the commanding attack wasn’t included in his
and Spanish officers who were in- report regarding the Cavite
Montero y Vidal had focused on charge of patrolling the fort that mutiny unlike the version of
the conspiracy of the Cavite
night. Montero y Vidal and Tavera
Mutiny, the instigators and who had indicated the exact
rebels, their arrest and sentences He also said in his account that the
date of the revolt.
which led to death and life entire Cavite military post had
imprisonment to some. hostility and was involved in the
attack, as believed by the people

His account wasn’t enough to
supply the details of the Cavite
Mutiny; it is very confusing and
incomprehensible as he did not
clear the details of the attack on
that night.
that time. But as the garrison’s
expectation of having a backup that
night by the anticipated declaration
of rebellion against the Spain in the
three islands, it did not happen and
they were beguiled, because
General Izquierdo had sent the
commander general to catch and
punish the rebels when he received
a news regarding the revolt of the
natives of Cavite.

Reasons for instigating the mutiny He stated that as the former
Governor, who is La Torre, which
was relieved from the position
and the new governor’s form of
government after a year of
having the position has made the
laborers of Cavite arsenal come
up with the idea of uprising
against the new government. As
their privileges of being
exempted from the tribute were
stripped off because of the new
governor’s leadership.
In addition, Montero y Vidal has
stated in his account on the
Cavite Mutiny that some of the
Filipinos had an idea of claiming
Tavera’s description of the reasons
for the mutiny’s instigation was the
same with Montero y Vidal but the
difference is that his account was
more detailed regarding the
reasons.
The reasons as stated by him were:
the workforce of the arsenal in
Cavite were exempted for a long
time from the payment of the
tribute tax and mandatory working
for a few days each year for the
improvements in public. But as
General Izquierdo assumed his
position replacing the former
General L a Torre, their
dissatisfaction and protest were
The reasons according to
General Izquierdo were:
injustice wherein the
government did not pay the
provinces for their tobacco
crop, the lending of money
which some of the officials had
practiced in order to handle
documents that the
department of finance gives
the owners of crops who have
to sell their crops which gained
them a loss and lastly, the
exemption of paying tribute
and rendering of working hours
being removed from the
workers in the Cavite arsenal.

their independence because of
the Spanish revolution that
abolished the secular type of
throne and had imposed a
criminal policy then put it to
practice as the revolutionary
government had sent a insensible
governor to the Philippines. He
clearly puts all the blame to the
Filipinos whom were the ones
who really suffered under the
Spanish regime.
born because Izquierdo had
removed their privilege of being
exempted to the payment of
tribute. The idea of gaining
independence was also included in
the reasons. Additionally, General
Izquierdo had prohibited the
establishment of school of arts and
trades and accused the Filipinos as
the starters of the movement
against the Spanish government.
Tavera explained what a tribute is
during that time which made his
account understandable unlike
Montero y Vidal’s account on the General Izquierdo had supplied
Cavite mutiny. Because the main one different reason which
reason was the removal of the cannot be found in the
exemption of the laborers of the accounts of Montero y Vidal
arsenal of Cavite in the tribute. and Tavera.

Description of the mutineers He described them as the rebels
whom were instigated by the
Filipino priests and nobles to
move and start the Cavite
mutiny. He labelled Tavera,
Zamora and Gomez as the
principal leaders of the uprising
movement against the Spanish
government. He included that
The description of the mutineers
wasn’t many as Tavera only
discussed the native soldiers in San
Felipe fort as the ones who
assassinated the commanding
officer and Spanish officers who
were in the fort. Sergeant La Madrid
along with 22 artillerymen under
him was also indicated as the rebels
As per his description
regarding the mutineers, he
only stated that they were all
soldiers who were the natives
of Cavite persuaded by the
Filipino elites and priests to
start a revolution against the
Spanish government. Along
with them are the civil-military

Response of the colonial government
the mutineers were also
consisted of multitude of citizens.
Also, he stated that the Garrison
of Manila were comprised mostly
of native soldiers who’s going to
murder the officers, servants and
their masters, and the escort of
the Malacañang’s Captain-
General so that they can
assassinate the governor.
He only based these assumptions
on the conspiracy that has been
going on for years even when still
under the leadership of the
former Governor La Torre.
The first response stated in his
account was after the mutiny in
Cavite that night, the military
governor of Cavite had sent two
Spaniards to give a message to
the authorities in Manila about
the mutiny.
Second, Ginoves offered and
waited for the rebels to
surrender without using force on
January 21, 1872, the whole day.
But to no avail, no one
in Tavera’s account.
In addition, the workmen which
were all natives of Cavite along with
the troops were described as the
people whose hostility towards the
Spanish government grew.
Tavera did not conclude that the
GomBurZa were one of the
instigators of the Cavite mutiny
unlike Montero y Vidal who pinned
them as that.
As stated by Tavera, their response
was to arrest the caught rebels and
their instigators. They did not even
investigate and proved the intent of
the alleged revolution of the
mutineers; they just immediately
concluded that the revolt was to
come against the sovereignty of the
Spain throughout the three islands.
The government did not also
attempt to know who are the
innocents among the suspected
governor and the commanders
of Regiment 7 who led the
mutiny.
In General Rafael Izquierdo’s
account, he stated that he had
put down and punished the
rebels without taking credit
from the informants who had
tipped the Spanish government
of the plan of the mutineers, as
he was confident that he could
handle them. He also said that
he did command officers under
him to do a vigilant watch
everywhere the rebels can be
possibly seen and had readied

Implication of the GOMBURZA
surrendered which resulted to
the use of sword to arrest and
imprison the majority of the
rebels. And because of the
official proclamation that stated
the revolt’s suppression, the
prisoners have pointed out the
people who provoked them to
rebel.
The last response was when they
arrested the instigators and
sentenced them with life
imprisonment or death penalty.
They were implied as the
principal leaders of the Cavite
mutiny along with D. Joaquin
Pardo de Tavera. The Filipino
priests weren’t even mentioned a
lot in Montero y Vidal’s account
yet they were the ones who were
sentenced to strangulation.
He indicated that they all set
meetings in the house of Tavera
rebels they imprisoned, Tavera
mentioned that it was likely to
threaten the Filipinos that whoever
shows hostility against them will be
imprisoned without being
investigated nor questioned.
Lastly, the persecution and
imprisonment of the caught rebels
or mutineers were the major
response of the colonial
government.
Montero y Vidal and Tavera’s
account on the response of the
colonial government were the same
but of course, their biases make
their statements about the
response different too.
The three Filipino priests were
described by Tavera as the ones
who dared to oppose the Spanish
friars which resulted to their
persecution. They were against the
friars because of the rights over the
duties in various provinces. And
because that time, whoever goes
against or call out the Spanish friars
with their dirty deeds were
considered as opposition against
the limited force of peninsula
that composed the military.
His account wasn’t enough to
extract information and
compare it to others who had
described the response of the
Spanish government towards
the Cavite mutiny.
According to General
Izquierdo, the three Filipino
priests were a part of the
mutiny, as Burgos and Zamora
were one of the choices to be
placed as the leader of the
government the Filipinos were
planning to establish. Gomez as
the parish priest who was
suspected as one of the
mutineers because of the
 or Zamora with the influence of
Gomez as the soul of the
movement. In my
comprehension, he implies that
the three Filipino priests were
the ones who planned the Cavite
mutiny and used their
connections to gather rebels who
were against the Spanish
government.
All of those implications were
mostly based in the conspiracy
that he knew, I think he didn’t
really gather enough information
about the GomBurZa.
the Spanish government, the three
martyrs were sentenced to death by
strangulation in the Bagumbayan in
front of many people.
He had also described Burgos and
Zamora as a half-blooded Filipino,
Burgos, a half-Spaniard and Zamora
a half-Chinese, while Gomez is a
pure-blooded Tagalog native.
His implications about the three
Filipino martyrs were different
among the two accounts regarding
the Cavite mutiny.
abandoned vessel loaded with
firearms found along the area
where they arrested him.
He had implicated too that the
three were one of the clergies
who are the natives of Cavite
whom persuaded the native
soldiers and laborers in arsenal
into a revolution against the
government of Spain.
He and Montero y Vidal were
stating the same implication
regarding GomBurZa.

The only similarity that the three version has is the main reason of the establishment of the group or gathering of soldiers and workmen of
arsenal in Cavite, that the privilege of being exempted in paying the tribute and rendering days of service for the government and public is
cancelled or removed by General Izquierdo. It was also mentioned in the three version that the Filipinos, way back in 1872, already had an
idea of gaining their independence from Spain and have been planning for it yet, there’s no proof of those accusations or conspiracies that
were presented.

In conclusion, the three versions gave inconsistent and unclear information regarding the Cavite mutiny because of the differences of the data
discussed, therefore a historian can only find minimal similarities.

Name: Diana Rose Orilla

Instruction: Given the full texts of the versions of their accounts on the Cavite Mutiny, make a matrix on their differences [and similarities, if any]
following the matrix below. You may answer in Filipino.