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Urjita Career School

Social Sciences 102

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Political Parties

Political Parties State Parties

Group of people coming together to contest elections

Types
Components of Political Parties
Political parties consist of leaders, active members and followers

Regional parties with national presence Regional Parties

Functions of Political Parties Parties active in a state having national Parties active in a certain state and
level political organisation e.g. confined to their state identity e.g.
Samajwadi Party, Rashtriya Janta Dal. Biju Janata Dal, Sikkim Democratic Front

Choose Announce Play an important Majority party As opposition party, They highlight Parties provide
candidates programmes role in making forms and runs they check the various issues better access to
to contest and policies laws for the government working of ruling party thus forming common people
elections that they will the country (i.e. the government) public opinion. as they have Challenges to Parties
do if choosen greater presence.

Political Party Systems Topmost positions is Using money and muscle power Parties have similar
Lack of democracy
Refers to different party systems party controlled by a family policies and ideologies
within the party

Parties nominate candidate

Types Party leaders favour
No internal elections who can raise money Due to which people do
family members and friends not have meaningful choice

Power concentrates Parties support criminals who

One-Party System Two Party System Multi-Party System to the few leaders only Ordinary workers can use power to win elections.
Only one party control Two party contest the More than two parties cannot rise to the top.
and run the government elections e.g. UK, US. contest the elections
e.g. China e.g. India Genuine/honest candidates are sidelined

Coalition of Parties Reformation of Parties

When any one party is not in majority then it forms
Types of Political Parties alliance with other parties to form the government.

Steps taken Suggestions

National Parties State Parties

Minimum 6% vote in Lok Sabha elections or winning Party securing minimum 6% vote in
4 seats in Lok Sabha and assembly elections in 4 states Legislative Assembly and at least 2 seats in it. Party tickets Government should
Anti-Defection law File on affidavit Income tax return Regulating the
No MLA/MP Mandatory for Order passed by internal affairs of should be given provide money support
allowed to every candidate to election commission the parties to women for election expenses
Have a unique party symbol change party give detail about to file an income candidates also to the parties.
after the elections property and tax return by (one-third)
criminal cases every party

Indian National Bharatiya Janta Bahujan Samaj Communist party Communist party Nationalist Congress
Congress Party: founded Party: founded of India (Marxist): of India: founded Party: founded
founded in 1885 in 1980. in 1984. founded in 1964. in 1925. in 1999.

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