LESSON 01

MORAL &
NON-MORAL
STANDARDS

LECTURE BY:
MR. ROMAN ANTHONY P. YABORA
SESSION 01 | AUGUST 22, 2023
LEARNING
OUTCOMES:
At the end of this lesson, you should be
able to:

1. Define ethics and morality and

differentiate them;
2. Identify the nature and purpose of
morality, and
3. Differentiate between moral and
non-moral standardS
QUESTION:
Do you think doing the right
actions is important? Why?
WHAT IS ETHICS?
The philosophical study of
what it means to live a good
life, to act correctly, and to
fulfill one's duty and
obligation to do good.

It is made up of universal
concepts or principles
regarding what constitutes
goodness.
WHAT IS MORALITY?
The rules that govern the
promotion of human goodness
so that individuals and society
may flourish (Pojman, 2005).

Morality is practical and most of

the time relative.

Religion also influences our view

of morality.

Legality and morality does not

always go hand in hand.
COMMON MORALITY
EXAMPLES
Be polite
Have empathy
Don't steal
Tell the truth
Love your family
 ETHICS
Guiding principles of conduct of
an individual or group
Influenced by profession, field,
organization, etc.
Related to professional work
Uniform compared to morals
MORALITY
Principles on which one's
judgements of right and wrong
are based
Influenced by society, culture,
and religion
Not related to professional work
Vary according to different
cultures and religions
 LEGALITY
Enforceable by the state
Created and enforced by a
governing authority
The law is a product of a formal
legal process, such as legislation
or court rulings
MORALITY
Morality is not enforceable by
the state
Shaped by various factors,
including cultural norms,
religion, philosophy, & personal
beliefs
Often influenced by informal
sources, such as family and
community values
ETHICS AND MORALITY
Morality deals primarily between bad and good--
some things are right, others are wrong. Morality
is the code or rules in which our actions are
judged against shared values. Ethics are
principles that form those moral codes (Boone,
2017).
QUESTION:
Why be ethical?
Morality is, as Socrates said, "How we
ought to live."

For Boone (2017), Ethics helps us

understand the world by providing
structure to it through the
standards, virtues, and rules that it
provides that guide our behavior
1. Acting ethically is a requirement for
life. Ethics help us choose the best way
to act.
2. Acting ethically is a requirement for
society. Kindness matters; it helps unite
the society.
3. Acting ethically has a religious
purpose. Because we need incentives to
act morally, religion provides such
reward.
4. Acting ethincally is for the benefit of
oneself. Kindess begets kindness.
5. We act ethically because humans are
basically good.
THE PURPOSE OF MORALITY
Living ethically assures that everyone will flourish.
Although morality may restrict our freedom,
acting morally upright bring greater freedom to
do good to oneself and to others.
PURPOSES OF MORALITY
1. To keep society intact
2. To improve human life
3. To encourage growth
4. To ensure justice and order in resolving
indifferences
5. To recognize individual actions by
providing due compensation that
correspons to such actions.
NATURE OF MORAL PRINCIPLES
1. Prescriptivity. Moral principles are
imperatives, they give commands.
2. Universality. Must apply to all relevantly
similar situation.
3. Overridingness. Take precedence over
other principles or one moral principle may
take over another.
4. Publicity. Should be known by all who
should follow them.
5. Practicability. Moral codes should be
workable and they should not lay a heavy
burden.
 MORAL NON-MORAL
Principles that have moral Standards by which we judge
impact what is good or bad and right
or wrong in a non-moral way.
Norms that individuals or
groups have about the kinds of Are matters of taste or
actions believed to be morally preference.
right or wrong.

Values placed on what we

believed to be morally good or
morally bad.
 IMMORAL AMORAL
Having no morality, being Neither moral nor immoral.
wicked or evil.
Simply having no moral sense,
Knowing what is right and having no knowledge of right
wrong, yet doing the latter. and wrong.

To violate a moral code with

intention.
 ASSESSMENT
1. Draw a Venn Diagram and write down the similarties
and differences of Ethics and Morality
2. Describe the nature and purpose of morality.
3. Draw a table and write down the differences of moral
and non-moral standards.