‫‪Reinforced Concrete‬‬ ‫مذكرة‬

‫الخرســـــــانــــــة المسـلحــــة‬ ‫رقم )‪(11‬‬

‫‪Second Civil Year‬‬

‫الفرقـــــــة الثانيــة مدنـــــــي‬

‫‪- design of‬‬

‫‪Hollow block slabs‬‬
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫‪Design of hollow block slabs‬‬

‫ﺑﻼﻃﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻃﻮب ﻣﻔﺮغ‬
‫‪ -‬أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻔﺮﻏﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻔﺮﻏﺔ ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ ‪One way hollow block slab:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮزع اﻻﻋﺼﺎب ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎه واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ وﻫﻮ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫‪Short span < 7.0 m‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-1-‬‬
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

: ‫ اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻮق‬-

- block dimensions:

20cm * 40cm * h

&h : block height

h = 15 cm or 20 cm or 25 cm

- slab thickness:
ts =( 5.0 10 .0 ) cm

- Rib depth :
t = ts + h

t= - for one way hollow block

Page No (-2- )
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

two way hollow block slab: ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻔﺮﻏﺔ ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ‬

‫ ﺗﻮزع اﻻﻋﺼﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬-
Short span ≥ 7.0 m

t= - for two way hollow block

Page No (-3- )
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

Problem (1):

For the shown floor plan: design the hollow block slab and draw rft.

details .

- fcu= 250 kg/cm2 & fy= 3600 kg/cm2

- Live load = 300 kg/m2 & flooring = 150 kg/m2

Page No (-4- )
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫‪Solution‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻋﻤــــــﻞ ﻧﻤــــــﺎذج ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃــــــﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺴــــــﺎوﻳﺔ اﻻﺑﻌــــــﺎد ﻓــــــﻲ اﻻﺗﺠــــــﺎﻫﻴﻦ‬
‫وﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ )اﺗﺠﺎه واﺣﺪ او اﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ( ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪- Slab( S1) :‬‬ ‫‪short span = 8.0 m > 7.0 m‬‬ ‫‪two way slab‬‬

‫‪- Slab( S2) :‬‬ ‫‪short span = 6.0 m < 7.0 m‬‬ ‫‪one way slab.‬‬

‫‪- Slab( S3) : cantilever slab.‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-5-‬‬
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

. ‫( ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ‬t) ‫ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺴﻤﻚ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻼﻋﺼﺎب‬-2

2- calculate rib theicknes (t )

- t= for one way slab

- t= →
for tow way slab

: ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮع ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬-
- two way slab (S1) : t = →
= = 26.67 cm

- one way slab (S2) : t = = = 30.0 cm

‫ ﻧﺎﺧﺪ اﻛﺒﺮ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬-

- take t = 30.0 cm
- use block height (h= 25.0 cm)
- slab thickness (ts) = t -h = 30.0 -25.0 = 5.0 cm

Page No (-6- )
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

. ‫ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬-3

3- slab laods (wsu) :
- dead load: Wdl = own weight of (slab + blocks + ribs) + covering .

‫يتم حساب وزن البلوكات والبالطة واالعصاب علي حسب نوع البالطة‬

:‫وارتفاع البلوك من الجدول التالي‬

block height (h) one way hollow block two way hollow block

15.0 cm 0.303 0.336

20.0 cm 0.33 0.38

25.0 cm 0.41 0.478

: ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮع ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬-

- slab (S1) : two way slab .

Wdl = own weight of (slab + blocks + ribs) + covering .

block height (h) = 25.0 cm  own weight = 0.478 ‫من الجدول‬

- Wdl = 0.478 + 0.15 = 0.628 t/m2 .

- Wll = 300 kg/m2 = 0.30 t/m2 . (given)

< .

- Wsu = 1.50 (wdl + wll ) = 1.50 (0.628 +0.30) = 1.39 t/m2 .

Page No (-7- )
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

- slab (S2) : one way slab .

Wdl = own weight of (slab + blocks + ribs) + covering .

block height (h) = 25.0 cm  own weight = 0.41 ‫من الجدول‬

- Wdl = 0.41 + 0.15 = 0.56 t/m2 .

- Wll = 300 kg/m2 = 0.30 t/m2 . (given)

< .

- Wsu = 1.50 (wdl + wll ) = 1.50 (0.56 +0.30) = 1.29 t/m2 .

. ‫ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ أﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب‬-4

4 - load destribution of slab laods :
‫ اﻟﺤﻤـﻞ ﻛﻠـﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺸـﻲ ﻓـﻲ اﻻﺗﺠـﺎه‬: ‫ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻜﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴـﺔ‬-‫أ‬
. ‫اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ‬

-for one way and cantilever slab : Wsu in short direction only .

- wrib = Wsu / 2

Page No (-8- )
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺸﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ ‪ :‬اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺸﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ واﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺸﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪- for two way slab( Wsu‬‬

‫‪in short direction‬‬ ‫‪in long direction‬‬

‫‪Wsu =  * Wsu‬‬ ‫‪Wsu β = β * Wsu‬‬
‫الحمل االكبر يمشي في االتجاه القصير‬

‫ﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻫﻴﻦ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ )‪(r‬‬

‫)(‬
‫=‪r‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫∗‬

‫‪- m = 1.0‬‬ ‫ﺑﻼﻃﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺘﻴﻦ‬

‫)(‬
‫=‪r‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫∗‬

‫‪- m = 1.0‬‬ ‫ﺑﻼﻃﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺘﻴﻦ‬

‫‪- m = 0.87‬‬ ‫ﺑﻼﻃﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ واﺣﺪة‬

‫‪- m = 0.76‬‬ ‫ﺑﻼﻃﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺘﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ r‬ﻧﺠﻴﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ) ‪ (  & β‬من كتاب الدكتور شاكر ص ‪ 178‬جدول‬

‫رقم )‪ (3‬في الصفحة )‪ (grashoff‬أو من الكود المصري جدول )‪. (3 -6‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-9-‬‬
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

. (3 -6) ‫الكود المصري جدول‬

2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 r

0.941 0.928 0.914 0.893 0.867 0.834 0.797 0.742 0.672 0.595 0.500 

0.059 0.072 0.086 0.107 0.133 0.166 0.203 0.258 0.328 0.405 0.500 

: ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮع ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬-
. .
- Slab S1 (two way slab) : r = .
∗
.
= 1.0

‫ ( باستخدام‬grashoff ) ‫ جدول‬178 ‫من كتاب الدكتور شاكر ص‬

r = 1.0
 = 0.50 & β = 0.50

Wsu =  * Wsu = 0.50 * 1.39 = 0.695 t/m2

Wsu β = β * Wsu = 0.29 * 1.39 = 0.695 t/m2
‫ يتم توزيع االحمال في االتجاھين علي االعصاب‬-

Wsu rib = Wsu / 2.0 = 0.695/2.0 = 0.35 t/m´

Wsu β rib = Wsu β / 2.0 = 0.695/2.0 = 0.35 t/m‘

- Slab S2 (onw way slab)

- wrib = Wsu / 2 = 1.29/2.0 = 0.65 t/m‘

- Slab S3 (cantilever slab)

- wrib = Wsu / 2 = 1.29/2.0 = 0.65 t/m

Page No (-10- )
2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

Page No (-11- )
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫‪ -5‬ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب ﻧﺄﺧﺬ أﻋﺼﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻻﻓﻘﻲ )‪ (x‬واﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺮأﺳﻲ )‪ (Y‬ﻋﻨﺪ اي‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﻲ أﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت أو اﻻﺣﻤﺎل وﻧﻀﻊ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﺐ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻮازﻳﺔ ﻟﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪5 - take ribs in two direction .‬‬

‫‪ -6‬ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻼﻋﺼﺎب وﻧﻀﻊ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻮازﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-12-‬‬
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫‪- rib (1-1) :‬‬

‫يتم رسم العزوم علي العصب باحدي الطرق السابقة كما فـي الكمـرات‬
‫تمامماً ‪.‬‬
‫يعني في البالطات الغير محددة )بالطة باكيتين أو أكثر( نسـتخدم الكـود‬
‫المصري لـو انطبقـت الشـروط او نسـتخدم الكـود الفرنسـي والكـالم ده‬
‫موجود في كتاب د ‪ /‬شاكر ص ‪54‬‬

‫‪ -1‬في حالة العصب باكيتين وينطبق عليه شروط الكـود نسـتخدم القـيم‬
‫التالية )شاكر ص ‪(54‬‬

‫‪ -2‬فــي حالــة العصــب أكثــر مــن بــاكيتين وينطبــق عليــه شــروط الكــود‬
‫نستخدم القيم التالية )شاكر ص ‪(54‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-13-‬‬
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫بالرجوع للمسألة ‪:‬‬

‫‪- rib (1-1) :‬‬

‫‪ -‬العصب ال ينطبق عليه شروط الكود & نستخدم الكود الفرنسي ‪:‬‬

‫´ ‪.‬‬ ‫´ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪∗ .‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪∗ .‬‬

‫= ‪Mb‬‬ ‫´ ( ‪.‬‬ ‫)´‬
‫=‬ ‫‪. ( .‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪= 2.31 t.m‬‬

‫)‪- rib (2-2‬‬

‫‪ -‬العصب بكيتين وينطبق عليھا شروط الكود المصري )االحمال والبحور‬

‫متساوية( ‪.‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-14-‬‬
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫‪- Max.+ve moment :‬‬

‫‪ -‬نأخذ اكبر عزم موجب من كل االعصاب ونصمم عليه ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺒﻴﺘﻐﻴﺮش ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ )ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻌﺼﺐ(‬
‫‪t - section‬‬
‫‪Mu = 2.24 t.m‬‬

‫‪1-‬‬ ‫‪d = C1‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫)‪....(1‬‬

‫)‪& d = t - cover (3.0 cm‬‬

‫‪d = 30.0 - 3.0 = 27 cm‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻓﻲ ‪ .....1‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻲ ‪C1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫^‬
‫‪ 27 = C1‬‬ ‫∗‬
‫)‪.... (1‬‬
‫‪from ....(1) get‬‬ ‫‪C1 = 6.37‬‬
‫‪get J from table at C1 = 6.37‬‬ ‫‪J = 0.826‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬ ‫^‬
‫= ‪2- As‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪∗ .‬‬ ‫∗‬
‫‪= 2.79 cm2 / rib .‬‬
‫اﻻﻗﻄﺎر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب‬
‫)‪(2 Ø 12) or (2 Ø 16‬‬ ‫‪or‬‬ ‫) ‪(1 Ø 12 + 1 Ø 16‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺴﻴﺢ ﺳﻴﺦ واﻻﺧﺮ ﻳﻤﺸﻲ ﻋﺪل‬
‫‪ -‬داﺋﻤﺎ اﻟﺴﻴﺦ اﻟﻤﻜﺴﺢ ﻳﻜﻮن ذو اﻟﻘﻄﺮ اﻻﻛﺒﺮ ‪.‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-15-‬‬
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

- use As = 1 Ø 12 + 1 Ø 16
- Max.-ve moment :
. ‫ نأخذ اكبر عزم سالب من كل االعصاب ونصمم عليه‬-
(‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺒﻴﺘﻐﻴﺮش ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ )ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺮﻛﻴﺰة‬
R - section
Mu = 2.80 t.m

1- d = C1 .
....(1)

& d = t - cover (3.0 cm)

d = 30.0 - 3.0 = 27 cm
C1 ‫ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻲ‬.....1 ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻓﻲ‬
. ∗ ^
 27 = C1 ∗
.... (1)
from ....(1) get C1 = 5.70
get J from table at C1 = 5.70 J = 0.826
. ∗ ^
2- As = = ∗ . ∗
= 3.48 cm2 / rib .

- use As = 2 Ø 16

Page No (-16- )
 ‫)‪2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11‬‬

‫‪- Cross rib :‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺼﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‬

‫‪- if one way slab & short span ≥ 5.0m‬‬

‫ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﺐ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ )ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬

‫ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ(‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻟﻼﻋﺼﺎب اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) ‪(1 Ø 16 +1 Ø 12‬‬

‫واﻟﻘﻄﺎع ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )‪ ( t = 30cm‬واﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﻌﻠﻮي ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ )‪( 2 Ø 12‬‬

‫اﻫﻤﻴﺔ وﺿﻊ اﻟﻌﺼﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ ذات اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻳﻮزع اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﺼﺎب اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﻳﻘﻠﻞ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﻢ )‪ (deflection‬ﻟﻼﻋﺼﺎب اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫) ‪Page No (-17-‬‬
 2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

: ‫ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻋﺮض اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺼﻠﺐ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺮﻛﺎﺋﺰ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬-

width of solid part :
. ‫ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻌﺰوم اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ وﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺮﻛﺎﺋﺰ‬: ‫ﻓﺎﺋﺪة اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺼﻠﺐ‬

: ‫ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ أﻗﺼﻲ ﻋﺰم ﻳﻘﺪر ﻳﺘﺤﻤﻠﻪ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ‬-

. . .
1- get Mu max. = .

from table (4-1) with st(36/52) get =0.194

. ∗ ∗ ∗
Mu max. = ( .
) *10 ^ - 5 = 2.36 t.m

2- get R2 :

∑ Ma =0.0

R2= (0.35 *8.02/2 +2.80)/8.0

= 1.75 t
3- get X : ‫ﻣﻦ رﺳﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬
MR=wrib *X2/2 +Mu - R2 *X
2.36= 0.35 *X2/2 +2.80 - 1.75 *X
0.175 X2 - 1.75 *X + 0.44 = 0
get X = 0.26 m.0
take X (width of solid part) = 0.30 m

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2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

Page No (-19- )
2nd Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (11)

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