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Understanding Sacrificial Anodes on Ships

NOVEMBER 21, 2010 BY ANISH 1 COM

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Corrosion is one of the greatest enemies of the ship and its machinery. It is also
Share on Fa
the toughest enemy to fight against for the people working on the ship. Iron is
one substance which is used in abundance on the ship. From the main body of the ship to the s
equipment used in operations, iron makes its presence felt in almost every type of equipment u
board the ship.

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VGP Wire Rope

Lubricant
rocol.com/biogen

If your vessel enters U.S. coastal waters you

now need a VGP lubricant

A ship is continuously in contact with water and moisture laden winds which makes it highly
susceptible to corrosion. The other body of the ship (mainly hull) is continuously in contact with w
making it extremely vulnerable to corrosion. It is for this reason sacrificial anodes are used to p
the parent material. In this article we will have a look at the working of sacrificial anodes on ship

It is to note that the sacrificial anodes which are protecting the parent material should lie higher
electromotive series or galvanic series of metals.

How Sacrificial Anodes Work?

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Sacrificial anodes works on the principle similar to electrolysis, according to which if an anode
metallic strip are dipped in electrolytic solution, anode electron will dissolve and deposit over th
metallic strip and make it cathode.

In the case of a ship, sea water acts as an electrolyte and transfers the electrons from the anod
oxidizing it over the steel plate and making a protecting layer. If the metal is more active it will b
easily oxidized and will protect the metallic compound by making it act as cathode. The anode
corrode first sacrificing itself for the other compound and it is thus called sacrificial anode.

Electromotive series or galvanic series metals

Anode materials

Magnesium(Mg)

Aluminium(Al)
Zinc (Zn)
Chromium(Cr)
Iron(Fe)
Nickel(Ni)

It can be seen from the table that for protecting iron any material above in the series are useful.

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metals are preferred because they are easy and cheap to replace the anodes rather than comp
large sheet of metal.

These anodes are used in various applications such as :

1) Protecting the ship’s hull.

2) Protecting the ballast tanks corrosion.

3) Protecting the heat exchangers.

4) Sea chests

The most common metals used for sacrificial anode is zinc.

Frequency for Changing of Anodes

The frequency for changing of anodes depends on the application where the anodes have been
In case the anodes are attached to the ship’s hull, then they are to be checked during dry dock
takes place after 2 to 3 years. If the anodes are found completely corroded then anodes of bigg
should be fitted, for fully corroded means that the material used was of poor quality or a large a
of material is required to protect the hull. Generally, sacrificial anodes are changed at every dry

If sacrificial anodes are used for heat exchangers and it is found during inspection that the anod

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is only 10% then also it has to be changed.

How to Assess if the Anodes are Working Properly or Not?

During the inspection of heat exchangers or sea chest, if the condition of anode is same as it w

installed then it indicates that the sacrificial anodes are ineffective.

The main reason for this is that the electrical continuity between the parent materials is not mad
Because of this the parent metal starts getting corroded instead of the anodes. It is therefore
important to check the electrical continuity during installation.

If you liked this article, you may also like to read What is Marine growth preventive system (MG

Image Credit

Amteccorrosion

Rustyiron

Shipyard, Nodosa
Shipyard
nodosa.com

Shipbuilding and Shiprepair Tug, Dredger,

Fishing vessel, etc.

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About Anish
An ardent sailor and a techie, Anish Wankhede has voyaged on a number of ships as a
marine engineer officer. He loves multitasking, networking, and troubleshooting. He is the
one behind the unique creativity and aesthetics at Marine Insight.

COMMENTS

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saytan says
October 24, 2013 at 3:39 am

Hi Anish I am a marine student and at the moment in the final year. My project is on hull
thickness testing near the sacrificial anode. Is is possible for you to post more information
about this subject. It would be of great help for me.

Regards,
Saytan

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