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Step-down choppers:
In step down chopper output voltage is
less than input voltage.
Step-up choppers:
In step up chopper output voltage is more
than input voltage.
Step-up chopper
Definition :
Definition :
When the output voltage is less than the input dc voltage (E0 < Edc )
then it is called as Step-down copper.
i.e., E0 < Edc
Working :
– Class B Chopper
– Class C Chopper
– Class D Chopper
– Class E Chopper
i0 v0
+
Chopper
L
O v
V A 0 V
FWD D
i0
t
i0
Output current
CH ON
t
v0 FWD Conducts
Output voltage
t
tON
T
Class B Chopper
D
i0 v0
+
R
V L v0
Chopper
E i0
Prof. T.K. Anantha Kumar, E&E Dept., MSRIT
When chopper is ON, E drives a current through L and
R in a direction opposite to that shown in figure.
t
i0 tOFF tON
T
t
Output current
Imax
Imin
D
conducts Chopper
conducts
v0 Output voltage
CH1 D1
i0 v0
+
V R
CH2 D2 L v0
Chopper
i0
E
t
ig2 Gate pulse
of CH2
t
i0
Output current
v0
CH1 D2
R i0 L E
V
+ v0 i0
D1 CH2
When CH1 and CH2 are turned OFF, the load current
continues to flow in the same direction through load, D1
and D2 , due to the energy stored in the inductor L.
Output voltage vO = - V .
t
ig2 Gate pulse
of CH2
t
i0
Output current
t
CH1,CH2 D1,D2 Conducting
ON
v0
Output voltage
V
Average v0
t
CH1 D1 CH3 D3
i0 R L E
V
+
v0
CH2 D2 CH4 D4
i0
When both CH1 and CH4 are OFF, the energy stored in
the inductor L drives iO through D2 and D3 in the same
direction, but output voltage vO = -V.