Test Bank For Perspectives On Deviance and Social Control 2nd Edition Michelle L Inderbitzin Kristin A Bates Randy R Gainey 2

Test Bank for Perspectives on Deviance and Social Control, 2nd Edition, Michelle L.
Inderbit
Test Bank for Perspectives on Deviance and Social

Control, 2nd Edition, Michelle L. Inderbitzin Kristin A.
Bates Randy R. Gainey
To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-perspectives-on-deviance-and-social-
control-2nd-edition-michelle-l-inderbitzin-kristin-a-bates-randy-r-gainey-2/
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Instructor Resource
Inderbitzin, Perspectives on Deviance and Social Control, 2nd Edition
© 2019, SAGE Publications
Chapter 7: Social Control Theories of Deviance
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. One can trace social control theory to the 18th century work of ______.
a. Karl Marx
b. Cesare Becarria
c. Cesare Lombroso
d. Travis Hirschi
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Which theoretical question does social control theories ask?

a. Why don’t people follow society’s rules?
b. Why do some receive punishment and others do not?
c. Why do people follow society’s rules?
d. What physical anomalies make a criminal?
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
3. Beccaria’s social control theory argues that individuals are all of the following
EXCEPT for ______.
a. rational
b. free-willed
c. hedonistic
d. brave
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Application
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Which idea did Ivan Nye introduce to social control theories?

a. Distinctions exist between internal and external social controls.
b. Individuals are rational, free-willed, hedonistic beings.
c. Power and inequality allow some individuals to be defined as criminal while others
evade.
d. Distinctions exist between adolescent and adult criminal learning.
Ans: A
Instructor Resource

Answer Location: Nye
5. According to Nye, ______ controls refer to rules and norms that are instilled in
consciousness as children.
a. indirect
b. direct
c. internal social
d. external social
Ans: C
6. Social control theories argue deviance is a caused by ______.

a. insufficient internal and external controls
b. learned behaviors from parents
c. imitation and observation of others
d. social structures and strain
Ans: A
7. Which of the following is TRUE of Nye’s first cluster of social control?

a. Individuals internalize and exercise social control from within their conscience.
b. Parents place indirect social control on juveniles.
c. Society uses punishment, disapproval, and banishment as tools to control deviant
behavior.
d. The first cluster is the least powerful of the four clusters of social control.
Ans: A
8. Which of the following is considered to be the MOST powerful social control cluster?
a. indirect control
b. internalized control
c. direct control
d. readily available alternatives to deviant behavior
Ans: B
Instructor Resource
9. Which of the following components of the social bond are characterized by the
following phrase: “idle hands are the devil’s workshop”?
a. attachment
b. commitment
c. involvement
d. belief
Ans: C
Answer Location: Hirschi
10. Hirschi argued that juveniles who enter adulthood too soon are more likely to
become deviant. Which component of the social bond does this support?
a. attachment
b. commitment
c. involvement
d. belief
Ans: B
11. According to Hirschi, our most important attachment is probably to our ______.
a. friends
b. peers
c. parents
d. siblings
Ans: C
12. ______ is considered the rational component of the social bonds.

a. Involvement
b. Belief
c. Attachment
d. Commitment
Ans: D
13. Patrick is a high school senior on track for a college baseball scholarship. He
chooses not to drink at a party because he does not want to get caught and benched
from his final season. This is an example of the ______ component of the social bond.
a. involvement
Instructor Resource
b. attachment
c. belief
d. commitment
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: Hard
14. Karen’s friends encourage her to shoplift a pair of earrings from the mall. Karen,
however, refuses because she is overwhelmed with the thought, “What would my mom
think if she saw this?” This is an example of the ______ component of the social bond.
a. involvement
b. attachment
c. belief
d. commitment
Ans: B
15. Which of the following theories could explain the effects of familial control on gender
differences in crime?
a. power-control theory
b. critical race theory
c. general theory of crime
d. self-control theory
Ans: A
Answer Location: Power-Control Theory
16. Which theory is designed to predict ALL behaviors, not just criminal or delinquent
behavior?
a. power-control theory
b. critical race theory
c. general theory of crime
d. self-control theory
Ans: C
Answer Location: Theory of Self-Control
17. According to the general theory of crime, the major cause of low self-control is
______.
a. bad parenting
b. peer socialization
Instructor Resource
c. delayed gratification
d. lack of education
Ans: A
18. A pathway or line of development over a life span is referred to as a ______.

a. trajectory
b. transition
c. development
d. pattern
Ans: A
Answer Location: Life Course Theory
19. Which of the following terms does NOT describe Hirschi’s components of the social
bond?
a. commitment
b. disbelief
c. involvement
d. attachment
Ans: B
20. According to life course theory, which of the following is NOT a factor?
a. strong social bonds to family and school
b. stability through life in likelihood of engaging in deviancy
c. significant events in life that can change trajectory
d. a lack of transitions in life
Ans: D
21. Life course theories examine and primarily focus on the social bonds between
______.
a. members of society and wider social institutions
b. schools and families
c. juveniles and peers
d. members of the family and narrow social institutions
Ans: A
Instructor Resource

22. In many cases, fraudulent doctor practices are aimed at ______.

a. religious institutions
b. elderly patients
c. insurance companies
d. other doctors
Ans: C
Answer Location: Medical Deviance by Doctors
23. The variations on the life course theory are often used to explain ______.
a. social bonds
b. external and internal controls
c. the age–crime curve
d. trajectories and transitions
Ans: C
24. According to power-control theory, ______ constitute the primary agents of

socialization in families.
a. siblings
b. fathers
c. mothers
d. grandmothers
Ans: C
Answer Location: Power-Control Theory
25. “I have trouble following the rules at work or in school” is a statement that falls in line
with which of the following dimensions of self-control?
a. risk-taking
b. self-centered
c. impulsivity
d. temper
Ans: C
Answer Location: Global Deviance and Social Control Theories
Instructor Resource
True/False
1. Control theorists assert that human beings are basically antisocial and assume that
deviance is part of the natural order in society.
Ans: T
2. Nye argues that most deviant behavior is the result of insufficient social control.
Ans: T
3. Hirschi argued that if we are strongly attached to others, we will not contemplate what
their reaction to our behavior will be before we engage in it
Ans: F
4. Social control theorists would argue social bonds to conformity explain why we
engage in deviance.
Ans: F
5. Hirschi would argue weakened bonds in high school lead to things like partying and
smoking pot by some adolescents.
Ans: T
6. Deviant acts that provide immediate gratification of desires construct low self-control.
Ans: T
7. Acts that are exciting, risky, or thrilling induce high self-control.

Ans: F
Instructor Resource

8. Trajectory is the pathway or line of development of deviancy over a life span,

referring to long term patterns of life behavior and marked by sequence of transitions.
Ans: T
9. A transition is shorter than a trajectory.

Ans: T
10. Sampson and Laub’s age-graded theory argued that life events do not have an
effect on the likelihood to persist or desist with deviance because the quality of these life
events is most important.
Ans: F
11. The concept of attachment can only be measured by the amount of love or affection
that an individual has for another individual.
Ans: F
Answer Location: Application of Social Control Theories
12. Government definitions and statistics are clear-cut when it comes to measuring how
many teenagers run away in a given year and how many teenagers are homeless at
any given time.
Ans: F
Answer Location: Teenage Runaways and Throwaways
13. Medicaid and Medicare fraud are the most pervasive forms of fraud.
Ans: T
14. Fraud is one of the better-documented types of medical deviance because

Instructor Resource
Ans: T
15. Hirschi’s social bond, belief, may help explain how many doctors justify engaging in
fraudulent practices.
Ans: T
Answer Location: Medical Deviance by Doctors and Social Control Theory
Short Answer
1. List the four components to social bonds of Hirschi’s social control theories. Provide
an example of each or brief explanation of what it means.
Ans: Answers will vary in terms of the explanations. However, a strong answer will
identify the following social bonds:
• Attachment: What would those we are attached to think? (mom, dad, friends,
family, etc.)
• Commitment: What will I lose? (weighing costs and benefits)
• Involvement: “Idle hands are the devil’s workshop” (things to keep busy such as
sports, homework, etc.).
• Belief: Awareness, understanding and agreement with rules and norms influence
deviance (can be aware of norms and rules, yet less accepting of the moral
validity of law).
2. List the six elements that construct low self-control according to Hirschi and
Gottfredson’s general theory of crime.
Ans: The six elements that construct low self-control are as follows:
▪ Criminal acts provide immediate gratification of desires.
▪ Criminal acts provide easy or simple gratification of desires.
▪ Criminal acts are exciting, risky, or thrilling.
▪ Crimes provide few or meager long-term benefits.
▪ Crimes require little skill or planning.
▪ Crimes often result in pain or discomfort for the victim.
Test Bank for Perspectives on Deviance and Social Control, 2nd Edition, Michelle L. Inderbit
Instructor Resource
Essay
1. Discuss the criticisms of social control theories. Do you agree or disagree with the
criticisms?
Ans: Answers may vary. However, a strong answer may discuss the following criticism:
• Underdeveloped constructs could not be easily tested.
• They are better at predicting minor forms of deviance and crime than more
serious forms of deviance and crime.
• Four bonds do not really predict future deviance.
• Self-control may be something that changes over time in one’s life as opposed to
set by age 7 or 8.
• Individuals are assumed to be rational and they weigh the costs and benefits of
behavior and are restrained from engaging in deviance through successful
bonds.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Critiques of Social Control Theories
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Test Bank For Perspectives On Deviance and Social Control 2nd Edition Michelle L Inderbitzin Kristin A Bates Randy R Gainey 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank For Perspectives On Deviance and Social Control 2nd Edition Michelle L Inderbitzin Kristin A Bates Randy R Gainey 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank for Perspectives on Deviance and Social Control, 2nd Edition, Michelle L.

Test Bank for Perspectives on Deviance and Social

To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Chapter 7: Social Control Theories of Deviance

2. Which theoretical question does social control theories ask?

4. Which idea did Ivan Nye introduce to social control theories?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

6. Social control theories argue deviance is a caused by ______.

7. Which of the following is TRUE of Nye’s first cluster of social control?

12. ______ is considered the rational component of the social bonds.

18. A pathway or line of development over a life span is referred to as a ______.

Answer Location: Life Course Theory

22. In many cases, fraudulent doctor practices are aimed at ______.

24. According to power-control theory, ______ constitute the primary agents of

7. Acts that are exciting, risky, or thrilling induce high self-control.

Answer Location: Theory of Self-Control

8. Trajectory is the pathway or line of development of deviancy over a life span,

9. A transition is shorter than a trajectory.

14. Fraud is one of the better-documented types of medical deviance because

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

You might also like