Test Bank For Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy 14th Edition Staci Nix

Test Bank for Williamsâ€™ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 14th Edition: Staci Nix
Test Bank for Williamsâ€™ Basic Nutrition and Diet

Therapy, 14th Edition: Staci Nix
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Chapter 10: Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by

a. the mother's age.
b. the sex of the infant.
c. the mother's food cravings.
d. whether the mother works.
ANS: A
Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by the mother’s age along with height and
prepregnancy weight.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 174-175 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation, Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A pregnant woman's energy needs must be met in order to

a. spare vitamins.
b. spare adipose stores.
c. prevent fetal deformity.
d. spare protein.
ANS: D
Adequate energy is necessary to spare protein. If inadequate kilocalories from energy are
provided, then protein will be used for energy. Protein increase is approximately 50% more
than the average adult requirement.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 174-175 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
3. Daily kilocalorie needs during the second trimester exceed normal requirements by
approximately _____ kcal.
a. 100
b. 200
c. 340
d. 500
ANS: C
The national standard recommends an increase of 340 kcal/day during the second trimester
and approximately 450 kcal/day during the third trimester of pregnancy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 174 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
4. The amount of extra protein required by pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women
is approximately _____ g/day.
a. 10
b. 15
c. 25
d. 30
ANS: C
Protein intake should increase 25 g/day during pregnancy on top of nonpregnancy needs. This
increase is approximately 50% more than the average adult requirements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 175

TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
5. Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for

a. preventing gestational diabetes.
b. sparing carbohydrates for energy needs.
c. growing maternal tissues.
d. preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension.
ANS: C
Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for sparing carbohydrates for energy, rapid
growth of the fetus, development of the placenta, growth of maternal tissues, increased
maternal blood volume, and amniotic fluid.
6. A good source of calcium during pregnancy is

a. orange juice drink.
b. lean ground beef.
c. milk.
d. baked beans.
ANS: C
Calcium is essential for fetal development of bones and teeth as well as for the mother’s own
body needs. Milk or milk substitute products and generous amounts of green vegetables and
enriched or whole grains are good sources of calcium.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 175 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
7. A good source of iron during pregnancy would be

a. watermelon
b. orange juice
c. macaroni and cheese
d. lean ground beef
ANS: D
Iron is distributed primarily in meat, eggs, vegetables, and fortified cereals.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 175-176

TOP: Nursing Process: Application
8. Iron needs increase during pregnancy because of

a. maternal constipation.
b. increased maternal blood volume.
c. increased maternal metabolic rate.
d. poor iron absorption during pregnancy.
ANS: B
Iron needs are increased during pregnancy for increased hemoglobin synthesis required for the
greater maternal blood volume as well as for the baby’s necessary prenatal storage of iron.
9. Adequate folate in the periconceptional period helps prevent

a. cretinism.
b. mental retardation.
c. neural tube defects.
d. gestational diabetes.
ANS: C
Folate builds mature red blood cells throughout pregnancy and is particularly needed during
the early periconceptional period to ensure healthy embryonic tissue development and prevent
malformation of the neural tube.
10. The B-complex vitamins are required in greater amounts during pregnancy because
a. fetal demands for the vitamins are high.
b. more hemoglobin is synthesized.
c. the vitamins are excreted in greater quantities.
d. metabolic activities increase.
ANS: D
The B vitamins are needed in increased amounts because of their vital role as coenzyme
factors in energy production and protein metabolism.
11. Daily intake of vitamin C should be increased during pregnancy because it

a. is an important factor in tissue growth.
b. plays an important role in protein synthesis.
c. is necessary for the energy-producing pathways.
d. is important in development of bones in the fetus.
ANS: A
Vitamins A and C are needed in higher amounts during pregnancy because they are both
important factors of tissue growth.
12. Drinking 3 to 4 cups of milk a day during pregnancy is recommended because it is a good
source of
a. folate.
b. iron.
c. vitamin D.
d. vitamin C.
ANS: C
Milk is a good source of vitamin D along with calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium for fetal
development of bones and teeth as well as for the mother’s own bodily needs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 175

TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
13. Appropriate snack choices for a pregnant woman with morning sickness may include
a. a meal of hot soup and Gatorade.
b. lemonade with added sugar and peppermint sticks.
c. a glass of hot decaffeinated tea.
d. whole-wheat toast with a small amount of light butter and a small piece of fruit.
ANS: D
Small, frequent meals and snacks that are fairly dry and consisting mostly of easily digested
energy foods (e.g., carbohydrates), mostly cold foods, with liquids between meals, are
recommended for women with morning sickness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 179-180

14. A condition of severe, prolonged, and persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called
a. hyperemesis gravidarum.
b. placenta previa.
c. gestational diabetes.
d. preeclampsia.
ANS: A
Hyperemesis gravidarum is morning sickness in early pregnancy that progresses from a mild
state to a severe and prolonged state requiring medical treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 179 TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
15. A food choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy is

a. figs.
b. chocolate.
c. white bread.
d. saltines.
ANS: D
Helpful remedies for constipation include high-fiber foods such as whole grains, vegetables,
dried fruits, and other fruits and juices.
16. An acceptable ending pregnancy weight for a normal-weight woman whose prepregnancy
weight is 125 lb is _____ lb.
a. 130 to 135
b. 135 to 145
c. 145 to 150
d. 150 to 160
ANS: D
Weight gain for a normal-weight woman with a body mass index of 19.8 to 26 is 25 to 35 lb.
Thus, 125 lb + 25 to 35 lb = 150 lb to 160 lb.

17. Total weight gain during the first trimester should be approximately _____ lbs.
a. 1 to 2
b. 2 to 4
c. 6 to 10
d. 10 to 15
ANS: B
Recommended weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy is approximately 2 to 4 lbs.
18. A pregnancy is considered high risk if the mother

a. is 16 years old.
b. is vegetarian.
c. works full time.
d. exercises 4 or 5 times per week.
ANS: A
Nutritional risk factors at the onset of pregnancy include age 18 years or younger or 35 years
or older; frequent pregnancies; poor obstetric history or poor fetal performance; poverty;
bizarre or trendy food habits; abuse of nicotine, alcohol, or drugs; chronic disease with
therapeutic diet; and weight less than 85% or more than 120% of normal.

MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
19. A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she

a. does not know how to care for herself.
b. has not established good eating habits.
c. is still in a growth stage of development.
d. will not know about the pregnancy until after the fetal organs have formed.
ANS: C
A pregnant adolescent is at risk because adolescence itself is a stage of growth. The
physiologic demands of the pregnancy can compromise the teenager’s needs for her own
unfinished growth and development.

20. A very overweight pregnant woman older than 30 years of age is at high risk for
a. anemia.
b. gestational diabetes.
c. edema.
d. phenylketonuria.
ANS: B
Risk factors for women who are more than 120% of standard weight or who have a body mass
index of more than 26 include gestational diabetes. During pregnancy, there is an increased
metabolic workload along with an increased volume of blood and its load of metabolites,
including glucose. Some of this extra glucose “spills over” into the urine.

21. During pregnancy, women should be encouraged not to

a. exercise.
b. have sexual intercourse.
c. drink alcoholic beverages.
d. drink decaffeinated coffee.
ANS: C
Social habits of alcohol, cigarette, and drug use can cause fetal damage and are
contraindicated during pregnancy. Extensive, habitual use of alcohol leads to the
well-documented fetal alcohol syndrome.

22. The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is

a. folic acid deficiency.
b. lack of intrinsic factor.
c. iron deficiency.
d. vitamin C deficiency.
ANS: C
Iron-deficiency anemia is most common during pregnancy.
23. Of the following, the best source of folate would be
a. fruit juices.
b. green leafy vegetables.
c. whole grains.
d. citrus fruits.
ANS: B
Folate is found in food sources such as green leafy vegetables, legumes, yeast, chicken, beef,
and liver.

24. The finding of glycosuria during a routine laboratory test may suggest that the woman has
a. anemia.
b. gestational diabetes.
c. phenylketonuria.
d. hypertension.
ANS: B
Gestational diabetes presents with glycosuria or sugar spilling over into the urine. Other
predisposing factors include age 30 years and older; those who are overweight and have a
history of previously unexplained stillbirths; delivery of large babies weighing 9 lbs or more;
habitual abortions; births of babies with multiple congenital defects; and family history of
diabetes or ethnicity associated with a high incidence of diabetes.

25. High blood pressure and the accumulation of protein in the urine may be signs of
a. preeclampsia.
b. hyperemesis.
c. alcoholism.
d. gestational diabetes.
ANS: A
High blood pressure can be fatal to the mother and fetus. If symptoms progress with the
accumulation of proteinuria, the condition is referred to as preeclampsia.

26. Three important factors that support adequate lactation are

a. diet, exercise, and vitamin supplements.
b. intake of dairy products, fluids, and rest.
c. diet, fluids, and rest and relaxation.
d. intake of bland foods and adequate fluids.
ANS: C
Successful lactation requires an adequate diet, including energy and nutrients for both the
process and product, adequate fluid for adequate milk production, and rest and relaxation to
enhance the production and letdown reflexes of breast-feeding.
27. Nutrition counselors should encourage pregnant teenagers to

a. avoid fast food.
b. eat foods from all the basic food groups.
c. drink fat-free (skim) rather than whole milk.
d. eat foods high in dietary fiber.
ANS: B
Pregnant teens should consume foods from all five basic foods groups to support fetal
development as well as their own growth and development needs.

28. Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include

a. less fluid retention.
b. rapid weight loss.
c. fewer maternal infections.
d. convenience and economy.
ANS: D
The advantages of breast-feeding include benefits to both mother and baby, such as the ability
of human milk to meet the unique needs of the infant and convenience and economy.
29. During pregnancy, intake of caffeine for a 132-lb woman should be

a. avoided.
b. limited to 100 mg of coffee per day.
c. limited to 300 mg of coffee per day.
d. unlimited in quantity.
ANS: C
During pregnancy, caffeine intake should be limited. The overall conclusion is that moderate
amounts of caffeine (5 to 6 mg/kg/day) throughout the day do not have negative effects on
reproduction or fetal health. Thus, 60 kg (132 lb)  5 = 300 mg of caffeine/day.

30. The best food choice that provides a source of folate is

a. spinach.
Test Bank for Williamsâ€™ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 14th Edition: Staci Nix
b. lemonade.
c. corn chips.
d. sausage patty.
ANS: A
Food sources of folate include enriched flour and grains, green leafy vegetables, legumes,
soybeans, wheat germ, orange juice, asparagus, and broccoli.

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Test Bank for Williamsâ€™ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 14th Edition: Staci Nix

Test Bank for Williamsâ€™ Basic Nutrition and Diet

To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

1. Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by

2. A pregnant woman's energy needs must be met in order to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 175

5. Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for

6. A good source of calcium during pregnancy is

7. A good source of iron during pregnancy would be

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 175-176

8. Iron needs increase during pregnancy because of

9. Adequate folate in the periconceptional period helps prevent

11. Daily intake of vitamin C should be increased during pregnancy because it

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 175

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 179-180

15. A food choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy is

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 177-178

18. A pregnancy is considered high risk if the mother

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 180

19. A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 180-181

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 180

21. During pregnancy, women should be encouraged not to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 182-183

22. The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 177

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 185

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 185

26. Three important factors that support adequate lactation are

27. Nutrition counselors should encourage pregnant teenagers to

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 181-182

28. Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include

29. During pregnancy, intake of caffeine for a 132-lb woman should be

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 183-184

30. The best food choice that provides a source of folate is

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 177

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

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