Experiment No: 0% Expeni ; periment Name: Grain Sire Measuaremmenrt loo Jefferies planimebric. Methed Covarse. No. 1 MSE 2104 Couerse THe * Metablogeaphy Sessianal Student Name! 2 Kao! Maanumucr Rabenec Rsfat Student ID :18Is052. mihi Group No: + 4B Group Members 10 + 1819050 4619051 1819052 4 819093 4819094 Dake of Rea Formonce > 90 Novernbesr , 2020 of Submiss'on ' sat Nooo Date December +defferies’ planimetric. meliod is performed to determine the ASTM ere sige Number ond gras dloeneter and the number s ne OAT |Qratne. Tn this estparienent ; OU | Puerpose. Is 40 determine the SSTM: Brat) shee mucnberr ond rain Atoaneterr amd | aomppocce: sell aetna ae Cham dota. The other pur poses of thie experiment) is 4p know bow the quomtitative neta) lever ameasumennents methods of arn Size mensuTiy and the photomicrograph Se | | | | | Theory é in arystallography » on rm portant ameern Is knousledge of the. qn size Of the materials . Many amaderials properties depend on the overge sine of the grains ard this knowledge cor be used +o determme_ or understond the meckonicol belavier «The. Gyo) give, 1g om impos tony foetor +0ager a proper ia SF polyeryrtalline. ce materials ane under Consideration » Before the. rnvention fF dqttal technology » qm sines Were rece & momually using photomicrographs + Bur today, jose. ove. digital -+eehmolleay ocd rmettods bey | | juekteh ese coo measure. qn sizes and. other parameters et automatically Te A9™| ( Aenerizon Society For Testing, and Materials) commitees Bove. developed! TOS an aas ie of- Hie grin size known as then a ona eohick com be ascertarned using omieerogapre): Photomicrograph . photograryy ef objeets under |o microscope » Suek opogue- objeats as metal ! emooth , eatehect | and adleys maa be qround gtruetuwe and odernically to ghous their photogeaphed by veflected deght ott. aL | meta hiurgt cad microscope - To determine tke qroen Ay oe te | ———_}__ page -2-Several types of mebods + pie Compeoerison aboot ochings 2» Shephered Fracture graen sre | | 3. Jeffries pllonimetsrc ero sive antercep t— 2. Hegn | Hilliard | Aeros qraxn sive | D Snyder - edt intertep a a ran gige distr ain Site | whi & OD 40 Dd method - Compen'son Boat Rackings a for this method a clerk Vs which we select cam magnifcatin Jove) provided be under the MierDECope for the eateled lan tonrsetructune + Then piek out a thart— | clre to the pletuece whi 1s closest in green pobsaes test specimen - Br the ne thee. omognifieation Dovel should be arsed up ond picked the alosesk Chart Preturre « for tte difference in smagnificcdim decoding, te) page-2 | |@ = ChorkG + 8 Q = 6 berlog , (M/me) there, M is the mogntficatin used and My by the chert magnification . | Shepherd Pmetoae Grrasin vee * TH t a wemorkable ermadence thot the 10 graded dmuieisee pj Ooelec ema aa al shepherd aorvelated $0 well ASTM G rf 2 to 10. The Lteraducre fos clawmed By cle ieemgies ee hak all 10 gractuaes frrcterrgrremallen «The get of Stemderds cansists H ten Froctuvedl specimen im om enclosed. | oompact wooden ssalnuk ¢ate . Exam specimen Som 1 (eoorse) to tg musnbered emsecichve| 4 10 (Fine) ond one aceuerately equal inerements Froatuve dlifferrenrhn % visual} spaced ws sherough this wang Coal specimen armpored usith master get of stemdards from) whicl a section lad been metallogmphicaly page 4 || ] peepee! and nntwxoseopically exormnmned +0 | verthy ASTM grain site - | Jet fries Roan ternedae. Groom Size t [The pllenimetnia or Sethrves method defines the. qraen size im teams of the muanbesé uri area, the avernge err | graxn diameter The | of Eprarns per (oe, - | a OY the average |JeFfrves pllomimetnie eran jucbtined a test cele wit a dioaneter is 9-8 vm eslioh 045 super in posed over lite mienoshructure and Be erat 0 in the aivele vousrcerey ore mmetiocl grains ore stoyed Freegn | Hltaceel | Abroans Intereept gram size t The Heyn lorterreeph mettod - modified by | \PDbwoans » Indasdueed the Howe — eomnoerntra feemal | eivele test arid ON FOP ne methodalogy ‘for performing fntereept grain gine. measurements - His clea wes taf Pages|. Mic ee |e detal ctraumferenae of tue Weer circle sill be. 500 mm and 4e sugeeeted 0 thot on inter cectimns | be. obrbasned - | would | | Adjusting lie, magnification 7 javerage » about 100 boundary be gran inberroeptims 400u Id five. conden applicatin a the. a interceptions y, weladive Oneeropyy hecty talus: qetldect | Then | be. gield 500 intersecting les whieh would give ~ lo | Howe verr counting, per uspeve Na 'é the apsauns peer won ap at 1X ond + multiplier Sefiries mubbipbies 00 pe measured bh de dividing the senagnifiention” wot sapeorre ero millimeter (mm) : 2egRS | $2 A er & DB miarograph oF photeanterograph oR fogroph or digital rmage daken therough, ink microscope oF errilas. device. tovechous 4s nitied tmoge of on ebfeet Tn photo- pacers ONERye we mmiewograph if the. mognifieachin fewed is loox amd the untt 6 taker inches then ase use the equatim @)- Poor photo - ™icsrocaph 4aken at amognifroatien streccr then loo, » thea the. equactian usil| be» ny exe) = ee eG) Lire MM je he. en Orem ny: Tn photomicrograph fF tre rmogrifieaction Clasel ig dy samd thes couiieatla sateen m milli ameter then we Use fee equation 3) as. the test area ig different i civele. diameter tg not taken YO.8 7M than tre alternate. pecon ysod ig divided fnto ‘the mmognificahin aqproved eshreh tg ghousn 7 equation &| - The average meons dhe onea of cach erurs.- T+ ig determined lo the weorproca) of Na. A= & page -12-| | 4 fr Grom hi: ees r TAls we con ealuat the graln lometer . T+ is determined by the quae) rool ite | Gk | AsTM grin size number 027 ne leteae oth average area amd the number of grains. 6 = 9 .322dog 2.0557 or, 9-2: 92% lags, <2 7" eg = BeBe SQ Na 27277 Renpired Apparatus ? @ Supplied am ersosteuturve ‘ @ Pemeil compre © Pemc'l (® Seale - Pegen 19 |Proceduves ¢ !) AL divs, we were supplied the photo— mieiographio. mierostchere of a sample - \) Then te microstructure Hage: usas printed: UD En the prink copy, a circle 45 Ce ushene. ad least 5D eraens userce. stayed : W) The, we had count the full gem and tolf qa number in the cicole orer ond i -1. thre data were placed im the deta table N) A saake var value A tne microstructure, UsAs aiven sTthe bar size Was measucred by mre guleor seale and found owt the magnification sequen scree Invel using tre formula, M = ER vi) Then tre area Of the arrele was Measured - vit) By dividimg the M ond avea (A) 12 Jeffries multipsesertf esas eased . Wi?) From +s, we fod caleutated the rater ayeansloat” ak fx ey using tHe wcmulle Na = Ff (nix%e) - page 14| | | 1X) Then the average apeen awa and the an oer of grams weve. emeasuved by using, di pe . Apt tne end Gwe Red calewlatecl ME bers using the- Formulas G= fray Sia. 9.grJoaha ~ 2985 « xn) OA Aollousing, Anis process ae sus pmensuccement 5 eye ees oaneter were measured eae een jobs and, ered calerlasled Baa aroun di coberoted dota were g leg tee, Deen on sine muanber” Fig average value and | oad aren diarneter agave measured ee this average volute + ONC =o.fant atFigure? Cieele Feo +i) Number — 2 PecanFigueve » Qirete. for +a) Nusmbe — 3 a page-1e| | i} _ Observation : Table. 1: observation For Here crate “rials | [Trial Number |Whole Grains [Half Grains [Total GCreains Ng NO aT CV 2 || DO 128.5 UZ 1G Average Ore Caleuladtion + for the tee crreles, wodivs ~~ = O-6 Om = Bly Tn ca lzem ann. coale bx © ular le 2QQ0 Lem im eq Nolue of seale bar ance 4 ee 3 Mognifiaation iM alee =O ; Mo __1x6” vi Def4nies Multiplajen F = Q— = ar (gee = 7.098 megrifictind fit pegenlaFor the drial Number a. tohole. qraens 0) = mo | Half grains "2 = Ae | , Total agrasins (4 a) = real fo2+ es UiNumiver 6f- grins ak x» Na= £ (np) | = 7.098 ANN9 = 802-074 roars “Average aren aren A=, las B02-O-4 = 1. 0m xe Perm gen ee Aves an diometen d= ae = 0:0858 vn} = 95:9 um | Now . the qraen gine Number, Mera 2B Jaq Go2-074) =o. Ons =b- beSZfore Hee -ta) Nuembesr Ay : | Whole. grasns 1) = 90 | Half grains 1 No. = AO | “Total eprauins Oy op.) =(00* 40/0) =0 Numbes &f- grains abt 1x, Naat #) =: 1093 X NO = 780-78 rainy J Aresroge qaen Pree an ee col e072 neni eer foeSo | % Ushole. graens 1A) eo) Half grins a= 3 soot arains » (Oy 2) = (loo 3 = 198-5 1 Nusnbeecr 6f grains 2 tx Naz $ (rit SE = 7.098 128° = ay.00 geuins| me" \ a. PNeroge arain covets B= Nay Si M2099 = 1.096 169 rd gre’ ; ‘ 5 _ Ne Pyare gran diameter, d gece = {1 096xi0? =o1008| mm 279.040 Nous, the. qe sige MUMbET, Q = 3.32 daa - 2055 = Oar Se (012.08) 205% = byeie he ueenge aias Whole. qraens, 9) = OF Half. grates | Net 40-98 sv Total grains. + D2.) = (2 pe beer = NDOT J Nuanlaenr af gratns al- 4x Naat (m+ 8) =F O9BKZ IED = 991 baz arerelmm 1) Pyeamge araen Prcea., A 2 = 35) 69R =). 2.0 x15 Pere fens \ A Average qe duenekercde ne = 20x16? = 0.03844 mM = O47 MN Now, the gran sige NUM - G— 9.92 dena — 2277” | =. 92 bog G51: 659) -2°997 oOo) page ~22Diseussion % “Setters pllam imecnia method 16 @ popwelace th gives ae Ain sine measucament device as tie animinnum result deviation. in athear methods uspere Sanne methads dekermine +e Arar size ky modeling she. araens usift the oboots araen visually - % there one & abunee. thet wmokes the mesull mesrrett - | plonimet nie eeedie USe | As wo tn Jettrnes 50 Huerse 6 | dake the meon valve of trials, a tendency +0 Rove the venrbral volues Tt ed tad eterbosoqicas mengucvemens not absolute should be mot acce. statistical estimates owed measures . Or operratng Hue measurement foe coveras times , one sbes mor Gen ee enoet volur - Th the materials is relative} wntfarm ond Qpod techniques ome ernpleeeal ceadtecr will be quite smal]. Ef tne the standecral deviatim of use, deter dean dhe rage 24aren, diomneter , use tan) See the. Ae ‘5 Vere emal|. Se i 2a | 47-9 GAP 59+ (ROOD - = 1.149 foud- the. stomdoad deviacimn + ca be Seorge, TH tke grams octe Not oriented preperty - Tr te rnierostyature If some, eens (AE amal] wn come. aeos ond 27S eins «Fe Wn come. oceans the dlvmeter and gen 3 Oe. Josrge sive deviate nore. Out mies gran orvetrted property thee deviahion [5 Verh of +this enmall deviasdim emal\. The. causes 1S, use consider the eons as sphere. shape. [Dut the shape of gears ane mot cpherre In vead microstructure « this ig an mpertant experiment tn metalio- | araphy .Perosse. the rexns amd aro ey | page -2.5-Uses to detemmene the properties oF : materials Tf the gran site "5 loge. . the ctreeses concentrate ' the grain boundaries . So the strength 's Yous sor Longe, gen sire Bud fos Hine ans tthe. sheng he cefeot digloeation need cmos. energy ° | TH use Sook at the table Ai we con see | thot total arains sf triad umber ne faced ame. qtte similar boule the Jia) MUMEC 2% devate a Little beenuse ig igh as +t in te oa airele the qe ales OO. emal\ thon (2t~ and @ord aivele - Table 2: Compare WITK Others Budent > | [yaugoee.| ager eigen 1219012 ee Me StudenL| Student Student Average ¥ | (ay a] ) | (a) | . 7 | a res rns | 7 | wo | aa [Bi frat Sine | 6.998 | OFF & ex | 6-63 Number paoTn table 2) we aergare © Ae at be. ust grain diameter ancl Eun sive nun) the. attferrences & € mumber | Ma determined value ain diometer and arrasn sit Fore er oY +Hrat— » nme) + 60) Hoes mame ise eam go te it appronisnate ly aoeveate. value sHeough Ane seffries method « are. mot Si Three ee & expos CAN ifluence the e Gram etee estimates ; hese Oe ae }) Limited wosohution photomicertepeph poor delineation Sf aren boundaries _ overt etehing errors in the jest Quran jeounrting and wapropet counting + » involves 470 eee comping \) exrv0rs he representactivancs | Dacrors involves Foc 4 | of ie oreo SUT ITE| areas +0 the ehoho sample, \Z0, we. con Fir these Errors we CA oe on acenrele deta by ef fries pdonvmedric_ eran cite. method « page 22L | References | ae L. Qook oF “A Beginners Guide +o Metal leeaphic, Laboratory Practice” ba, AsW Kuen . | | 2. https t/] study. aan | academy Jan suserrggnin- sia B. hetpSi I] eot8U9 ercttammi @ + 2am | teolenalag x / | photomierography| B | 4. bikps s/f estons - reseamratgate net /publicadiny| 22002224 Crain Site Measurement 5 hips: [/eousts. Melallerraphy 2am [eqeasin. nd infformotin rrecpurces| | @. hips i] Vaaaend - acm] metal logsephy, = USith- ROR wood EoUs: eaieneedincee cern |sienee| eo woos} q dips +[ 09 article labs | 6: Wipsill Rome Lith ae in r sengels Wertual lab Joniewrogrra phy expecryenent é page ~ 28